Republic of the Philippines

Region I
PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayambang Campus
Quezon Boulevard, Barangay Zone VI, Bayambang Pangasinan

Topic 1:
Nature of Teaching and
Teacher Roles
Prepared by:

ESPAÑOLA, REEHDERLEE MILES CAYABYAB – BECED 1-1

ESTERON, REINZEL MAE CORPUZ – BECED 1-1

ESTRADA, LEYANAH DELA CRUZ – BECED 1-1

HUERTAS, JADE HANNA SERENILLA – BECED 1-1

JAVAR, PRINCESS ALLIAH CAGUNOT – BEE-EGE 1-1

Submitted to:

MRS. GEMMA D. ESCAÑO

Instructor

Topic 1: Nature of Teaching and Teacher Roles

1. Explain what teaching is and describe the various roles of a teacher.

2. Discuss the values of teachers as community leaders.

3. Identify different challenges in teaching.

4. Appreciate the roles of teachers in the society.

II. Introduction

TEACHING, in tradition usage, simply means giving instruction. The act of teaching is akin to tutoring or training. It is
interchangeably used to mean educating or schooling. Some use the term pedagogy. It simply means that teaching is a
profession with a long and cherished tradition. It is embraced by a characteristics culture of committed service to
children, adults, community and the nation. For as long as teaching is identified as one chosen calling, vocation or
profession, all endeavors in terms of time, effort and unwavering dedication are guaranteed to bring forth the fruition of
their dreams and aspirations, definitely a self-fulfilling and a crowning lifetime achievement to cherish. In the end,
successful teaching develops a characteristics culture of a caring- and- sharing outlook and a passion for learning about
life and the world.
When we teach, we are imparting knowledge not just to the young ones but also to adults and community.
Teaching needs commitment, passion and dedication for us to achieve the true essence of teaching which is to inspire,
help and guide them to achieve the goals and dream they are up to and for them to become successful individual in the
future.
III. Discussion

A. What is teaching?

CONCEPT OF TEACHING. A concept is a general term. When a teacher accepts a concept, he/she learns a rule of
behaviour. It is essential to his/her performance as a teacher. It determines the appropriateness of the teaching activities
planned and implemented.

1. Teaching is an ART -Teaching is acknowledged as an art. It is mainly a creative expression of one’s intellectual and
emotional qualities that are essential in promoting learning. Teaching serves as their way of reaching out to the minds
and hearts of the young, thus raise upright and passionate citizens. With their enthusiasm and perseverance, students
become challenged and inspired to do their best. Taken as an art, it involves humans and emotions. It puts premiums on
the personal qualities that teachers, parents and students share to bring out the joy of learning.

Teaching is an art when we present our lessons creatively and interesting to the eyes of our learners. We can
say that teaching-learning is taking place when they are actively participating to the discussion and they are having fun
to the lessons we are presenting. It is also called an art because being a teacher, you have to be an actor in the
classroom, your emotions and feelings should be appropriate when you interact to your learners.

2. Teaching as a SCIENCE – Teaching is likewise recognized as a science. It is directed towards the development of an
inquiring mind and an analytic mode of accepting the truth in what one thinks and does. As such, teaching consists of
systematic procedures and strategies similar to the steps followed in a specific investigation. It is conducted in a
carefully sequenced methodology wherein learning activities are planned and organized in a step by step manner
without much regard for the least signs of difficulties, negative attitudes and indifference among the students. Teachers
are expected to be orderly in recording and interpreting facts, inferences and other forms of information. Student’s
reactions and ensuing behaviour brought about by factors existing in the learning environment are appraised accurately
by systematic observations as well as through widely used assessment and evaluation procedures.

Teaching as a Science means you have to become organized in everything that you do. As Science refer to
research, experiments, investigation and interpreting data. These can be applied to the teaching-learning process, in the
sense that we have to know our learners, who they are and why do they have that behavior or attitude. As a teacher,
you have to research the facts for you to give conclusion and solution to every situation. You are also expected to
become fair and give decision in a humanly manner.

B. The Roles of a Teacher

1. As a Person – Understanding the teaching profession requires deeper appreciation of the lives of teachers as
individuals in society. Teachers are given high regard in society for the multiple roles they perform aside from teaching.
Hence, Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) should embrace the challenge of preparing teachers who will carry the
tasks of preparing the young generation to meet the different challenges brought by an ever-changing world. This will
prepare them to become effective professionals in all tasks in various communities, where they will be assigned to
serve.

A teacher should understand the nature of teaching that needs passion and determination to teach others
especially the young ones because teachers are the molders of the future generations.

2. As a Professional – By virtue of Republic Act 7836, amended by Republic Act 9293, teaching was
professionalized and thereby requiring teachers to take the Licensure Exam for Teachers (LET). As professionals,
teachers are bound to perform specific duties to society specially to schools and students guided by a professional code
of ethics. Teaching is always regarded as a vocation by many people. However, the government deemed it necessary to
recognize teaching as a profession giving the highest regard to teachers as professionals. This does not in any way
make teaching a profession or a job to earn money but it enables us to regard teaching in grand manner, a noble
profession for individuals who are willing to dedicate their lives and services in the development of future citizens and
leaders of the country.

As they say, “Teaching is a Noble Profession”. From passing the Licensure Exam, you take oath and promise to
fulfill your duties and responsibilities as a teacher. Teaching is a vocation, because even if the salary is not that much,
you still do your best to teach, serve and dedicate yourself to your learners for them to have a brighter future.

3. As a Community Leader and Social Advocate- Educators play an important role in the development of people and
communities. Jan and Ed Philpot (1994) concretized this idea by encouraging a stronger link between home, school and
community through effective programs developed and implemented by teachers. The life of a teacher is neither
confined in the four corners of the classroom nor limited inside the school campus for a teacher is an active leader in the
community. Teachers always take leadership roles in their communities especially in activities and projects related to the
education and welfare of young children. They also provide leadership roles in various cultural development programs in
their communities. Finally, teachers provide technical and professional assistance in the local communities where they
belong.

Teaching just not takes place in the four corners of your classroom but also it takes place in your community.
Teachers also do tasks in the community when we are needed. There are activities in our community that needs support
from the teacher and vice versa, and by doing this we are creating a harmonious partnership between our school and
the community which will help achieve our goals for the betterment of everyone.

4. As a Model of Character – Since ancient times, Teachers are recognized as exemplars of good character, attitude
and values. They are keepers of values and traditions of different cultures around the world. Many people consider them
as prophets, spiritual leaders and great mentors. For Christians, Jesus is the perfect kind of teacher and leader to
emulate. For the Chinese, the teachings and values of Confucius are always put in a very high regard. The prophet
Muhammad is also the most influential teacher-leader for the Muslims. The life and teachings of Buddha are also very
influential among the Buddhists. Plato and Aristotle are regarded as great teachers during the time in Greece. They
stand on their principles and beliefs, as they faithfully perform their duties at all times. This simply shows that amidst the
ups and downs of teacher qualities, the society has never stopped producing great teachers who continue to serve as
models and moulders for students across generations.

Character, values and attitude of a teacher has a big impact in the society. Aside from being a good role model,
a teacher should possess good qualities that will inspire our learners. It is expected that teachers are kind and good-
hearted and understands the feelings of his/her learners. Thus, teachers are leaders of good morale and humane act.

5. As an Expert – Since ancient times, teachers are recognized as sources of wisdom and information in every
society. Aside from teaching, they serve as guides, counsellors, judges and spiritual leaders in the society. Through the
knowledge they share, they attract attention from many students and individuals. They are given prominent position in
royal courts, giving expert opinions and advise to kings and other community leaders They enjoy political influence in
every community where they belong in the history of mankind. Though teachers no longer hold any political power today
still, there are many teachers who became leaders and citizens in all generations. The need for teachers to be experts in
various fields in the academe serves the purpose to prepare students to respond to myriad of challenges brought by 21 st
Century.

Teaching is a challenging career because as a teacher you need to know some or all information and has a
wisdom on what is going on in the society. Mostly, people ask you “what is this” or “what is that”, teachers need to at
least answer or explain those things they are asking. Teachers should be an expert in various fields especially in line
with teaching to prepare our learners from the challenges they will go through.

C. Challenges in Teaching

1.Multicultural classrooms– it is an interesting and important topic for teachers. At its heart is a deep concern about
equity, respect for diversity, cultural literacy and fair treatment for everyone in school.

As a future teacher, we have to consider the background of our learners because not all of them can show or do
what we are expecting from them. We can meet children of different culture, behaviour and approach to our lesson, thus
as a teacher, we should know that each of them has differences. Respect and fair treatment should be implemented for
them to feel that you understand each of them.

2. Learner-centered teaching– it is one of the promising products of the progressive movement in education. It refers to
a kind of education that considers the knowledge, skills, abilities, interests and beliefs that learners bring into the
classroom. It pays attention to the needs, concern and expectations of the learners and also includes curricular and
instructional practices that are developmentally appropriate for learners.

When we are finally in the teaching field, we just guide and help our learners discover things that they should
know. We have to initiate activities that will boost and discover the skills and abilities of our learners. Those activities
should suit our learners for them to pay attention that will have a positive result.

3. Multi-grade classes –teachers are encouraged to teach effectively in multi-grade classes which can often be found in
many rural communities.

Teachers should be flexible and has the knowledge to different teaching approach in every grade level that
he/she will be assigned.
4. ICT integration-teachers should know how to use technology effectively to improve teaching and learning inside the
classroom. This include knowing new technological tools in education to enhance their teaching of different classes. This
way, the millennial learners will be more engaged in learning.

Nowadays, ICT integration has become a very important tool in the teaching-learning process. In this new
generation, most of our learners know how to use gadgets, so as a teacher, you should also cope up in this changing
world wherein technology is a great help to lighten up our work and to enhance our teaching methods.

5. Brain-based education- teachers need to apply brain-based learning principles in designing and implementing
instruction.

Thinking skills is also one of the factors that we have to develop to our learners. With these, we are helping
them to think critically and decide on what is just and right. Brain-based education will help also our learners to become
successful, to develop their confidence and implement instructions.

6. Multiple intelligences– teachers need to recognize that students have different learning styles, so they should use
various instructional strategies to respond effectively to the needs of the students.

As a teacher, we should know the individual difference of our learners so that we can give them approach which
is suitable for them.

7. Children with Special Needs- teachers need to reach out and respond to the needs of learners with special education
needs. They must recognize that every learner has the right to have access to quality education.

Sometimes, we are going to encounter children with special needs thus, the Department of Education resolved
this situation by offering SPED class to selected school which learners with special needs can enrol and learn.

D. UNESCO’s 4 Pillars of Education

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizations (UNESCO) is a United Nations Organization
to promote international corporation and implementation of international agreements. The Paradigm and conceptual
framework the 2002 Basic education Curriculum adapted the UNESCO Commission on Education for the 21 st Century
which proposed that the learning process should be based on four pillars of education.

1. Learning to KNOW- the development of skills and knowledge needed to function in this world e.g. formal acquisition of
literacy, numeracy, critical thinking and general knowledge.

2. Learning to DO– the acquisition of applied skills linked to professional success.

3. Learning to live together– the development of social skills and values such as respect and concern for others and the
appreciation of cultural diversity.
4. Learning to BE- the learning that contributes to a person’s mind, body and spirit. Skills include creativity and personal
delivery, acquired through reading, the internet and activities such as sports and arts.

Additional Pillar of Education based from UNESCO’s Education for Sustainable Development Initiative (2012)
presented a conceptual framework for ongoing, lifelong learning.

5. Learning to TRANSFORM ONESELF AND SOCIETY- when individuals and groups gain knowledge, develop skills
and acquire new values as a result of learning, they are equipped with tools and mindsets for creating lasting change in
organizations, communities and societies.

IV. Activity/Assessment

1. “Teaching is a _____ Profession”

A. Important B. Noble C. Great

2. What is the other term for Teaching?

A. Pedagogy B. Pedegogy C. Pedogogy

3. Teaching needs commitment, passion and _____

A. Enthusiasm B. Dedication C. Honesty

4. How many concepts of teaching do we have?

A. Two B. Three C. Four

5. It is mainly a creative expression of one’s intellectual and emotional qualities that are essential in promoting learning.

A. Teaching as an Art B. Teaching as a Science C. Teaching as a Profession

6. It is directed towards the development of an inquiring mind and an analytic mode of accepting the truth in what one
thinks and does.

A. Teaching as an Art B. Teaching as a Science C. Teaching as a Profession

7. How many roles of a Teacher do we have?

A. Three B. Four C. Five

V. Summary

“Teaching is a Noble Profession”, it is a challenging career because you are the molder of the future
generations. Teaching has a lot of responsibility not just to your learners but also in the community.
 Teachers dedication and passion cannot be paid by any amount of money but rather, teachers’ success is when
their learners achieve what they wanted to be. An effective teacher teaches his/her learner to become a better person.
To improve one’s personality not just academically but also in their mental, emotional and social aspect. Teachers plays
a vital role in the society for they are the one who impart knowledge and wisdom to the young ones and adults. Even
though, there are so many challenges in the life of a teacher, he/she always see to it that he/she will deliver his lesson in
front of her class clearly and understandable.

VI. Conclusion

Teaching is one of the most demanding of all professions. It exacts a tremendous demand on the teacher’s
teaching skill and personal qualities before they can satisfactorily perform the multiple roles and manifold responsibilities
it entails. At all times, the practice of teaching calls for a facilitator of learning and a nurturer of the learners. At other
times a leader, administrator and manager. The teachers, to be able to enjoy their tasks with associates automatically
feel as a friend, an enthusiastic colleague and a caring partner. A more serious role, teaching necessarily makes them
decision-makers, instructional materials developers and instant researchers. Add to these the task they assume to
establish a smooth relationship with parents and other members of the community.

Teaching is not just a job but a noble profession that requires dedication, commitment, and willingness to serve.
Teachers have the power to shape the future citizens and leaders of a country through their various roles and
responsibilities. It is crucial for society to value and support teachers in fulfilling their diverse roles.

Beyond the classroom, teachers have multiple roles and responsibilities. They are individuals who contribute to
society, professionals with a code of ethics, community leaders and advocates, models of character, and experts in their
fields. Recognizing and appreciating these roles is essential for understanding the impact of teachers on the
development of individuals and communities.

A more important role that teaching evokes is the unwavering commitment and loyalty to the profession. Their
adherence to the ethical and moral standards are elicited through a code. Ultimately, an impeccable integrity, honesty
and sincerity it brings forth makes them worthy of emulation by the students, co-workers and other professionals. Lastly,
a few challenges faced by teachers in the 21st century are as follow:

 Personalization. The age old “one size fits all” teaching method has long outgrown, with the focus moving on to different
styles of learners.
 Making the Right Use of Technology
 Classroom Management
 Curriculum.
 Global Awareness
VII. References

Salandanan,Gloria G.Elements of Good Teaching LORIMAR Publishing, INC.

Salandanan, Gloria G.Teaching and the Teacher. LORIMAR Publishing, INC.

Pawilen ,Greg T..Copyright 2019.Teaching Profession Passion and Mission Second Edition.REX Bookstore Publishing
Co.

BilbaoPurita et.al.Copyright 2012.The Teaching Profession,Second Edition.LORIMAR Publishing, Inc

BilbaoPurita et.al.Copyright 2018.The Teaching Profession, Fourth Edition.LORIMAR Publishing, Inc.

BilbaoPurita et.al.Copyright 2006.The Teaching Profession,LORIMAR Publishing, Inc.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/code-of-ethics.asp

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