M1112SP IIIb 2

Lesson Plan in Grade 11 Mathematics
Statistics and Probability
Quarter I Content : Random Variables and Probability Distribution

Content Standard : The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of random
variables and probability distribution.
Performance Standard: The learner is able to apply an appropriate random variable for a
given real life problem(such as in decision making and game of
chance).
Learning Competency: The learner calculates the mean and variance of a discrete random
Variable.(Code:M11/12SP-IIIb-2)
I. OBJECTIVE:
At the end of one- hour session, the students should be able to:
Solve the mean and variance of a discrete random variable.
II. SUBJECT MATTER:

A. Session Topic : The nth term of Binomial
B. Materials Needed : netbook, manila paper, marker, masking tape,
sheets of paper, scissors
C. References : SHS Curriculum Guides
Internet
III. LEARNING PROCEDURE:

A. Daily Routine
Prayer
Checking of Attendance
B.Motivation: HULA BIRA:
VIBLNARE - VARIABLE
RMADON - RANDOM
DITEECRES - DISCREETE
DIAVITONE - DEVIATION
C.Presentation of the Lesson
Mean and Variance of random Variables

The mean of discrete random variable X is a weighted average of the possible values that the
random variable can take.Unlike the sample mean of a group observations,which gives each
observation equal weight,the mean of a random variable weights each outcome xi,according to its
probability,Ƥi.The common symbol for the mean (also known as the expected value of X)
is ,formally defined by
µx = x1p1+x2p2 + …+xkpk
= ∑xipi
The mean of a random variable provides the long-run average of the variable,or the expected
average outcome over many observations.
Step1. Introduce the concept - “I do it”.
Example 1
Suppose an individual plays a gambling game where it is to lose $1.00, break even,win $3.00,or win
$10.00 each time she plays.The probability distribution for each outcome is provided by the
following table:
Outcome -$1.00 $0.00 $3.00 $5.00

Probability 0.30 0.40 0.20 0.10
The mean outcome for his game is calculated as follows:
µ = (-1• 0.3) + (0 • 0.4) + (3• 0.2) +(10•0.1)
= -0.3 +0.6 +0.5
=0.8
In the long run, then, the player can expect to win about 80 cents playing this game ---
the odds are in her favor.
Variance
The variance of a discrete random variable X, measures the spread, or variability, of the
distribution, and is defined by
σ2x=∑ (xi - µx)2ƿi
The standard deviation σ is the square root of the variance.
Example 2
In the original gambling game above, the probability distribution was defined to be:
Outcome -$1.00 $0.00 $3.00 $5.00
Probability 0.30 0.40 0.20 0.10
The variance for this distribution, with mean =0.8,may be calculated a follows:
σ = (-1 -0.8)2 •0.3 + (0-0.08)2• 0.4 +(3-0.8)2•0.2 +(5-0.0.3)2•0.1
= (-1.8)2•0.3 + (-0.8)2•0.4 +(2.2)2•0.2 +(4.2)2•0.1
= 3.24•0.3 +0.64•0.4 +4.84•0.2 +17.64•0.1
= 0.972 + 0.256 +0.968 + 1.764
= 3.960, with standard deviation = 1.990.
Since there is not a very large range of possible values, the variance is small.
Step2. Activity - “We do it”.
The number of hits made by each player is described by the following probability distribution.
Number 0 1 2 3 4
of hits, x
Probabilit 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.25 0.15
y
P(x)
What is the mean of the probability distribution?
A)1.00
B)1.75
C)2.00
D)2.25
E)None of the above
Solution
The correct answer is E.The mean of the probability distribution is 2.15,as defined by the following
equation.
E(x) = ∑[xi • P(xi)]
E(x) = (0 • 0.10) + (1• 0.20) +(2 • 0.30) + (3 • 0.25) + (4 • 0.15)
= 2.15
Variability of a Discrete Random Variable.
The equation for computing the variance of the discrete random variable is shown below.
σ2 =∑{ [xi – E(x)]2 • P(xi) }

where xi is the random variable for outcome I,P(x i) is the probability that the random variable will
be outcome I,E(x) is the expected value of the discrete random variable x.
Example 2
The number of adults living in homes on a randomly selected city block is described by the
following probability distribution.
Number of 1 2 3 4
adults,(x)
Probability 0.25 0.50 0.15 0.10
P(x)
What is the standard deviation of the probability distribution?

A)0.50
B)0.62
C)0.79
D)0.89
E)2.10
Solution
The correct answer is D.The solution has three parts.First,find the expected value; then, find the
variance; then find the standard deviation. Computations are shown,below beginning with the
expected value.
E(x) = ∑[xi • P(xi)]

E(x)= 1•0.25 +2•0.50 + 3•0.15 + 4•0.1= 2.10
Now that we know the expected value,we find the variance.

σ2 =∑{ [xi – E(x)]2 • P(xi) }
σ2=(1-2.1)2•0.25 +(2-2.1)2•0.50+(3-2.1)2•0.15 +(4-2.1)2•0.10
σ2 =(1.21•0.25)+(0.01•0.50)+(0.81)•0.15)+(3.61•0.10)=0.3025+0.0050+0.1215+0.3610 = 0.79
And finally,the standard deviation is equal to the square root of the variance;so the standard deviation is
square root(0.79) or 0.889.
Step3. Practice- “You do it”.

Divide the class into 6 groups as their groups a while ago.
Give them time to solve at least 10 minutes.
Tell them to write their outputs to a manila paper and post it in the board.
First three groups to finish the problem set will have additional 5 points.
Present the rubrics to the class for them to be guided by their scores.
Check their answers and give feedbacks by probing.
Rubrics:
5points- if solved correctly and arrive in a correct answer.
3points- if able to solve the problem but not arrive in a correct answer.
1points-if not able to solve the problem.
Three fair of dice are called rolled at once.let x denote the number of dice that land with the same number
of dice that land with the same number dots on top as at least one other die.The probability distribution for
X is
X 0 µ 3
P(x) p 15/36 1/36
a) Find the missing value of u of x.

b) Find the missing probability p
c) Compute the mean of x
d) Compute the standard deviation
IV. EVALUATION: Individual Quiz: ½ 0.21
1.Find the mean and the variance of the discrete random variable x whose probability distribution
isitribution for
x -2 1 2 3.5
P(x) 0.21 0.34 0.24 0.21
V. ASSIGNMENT: 1 short bond paper
Write a journal describing the ideas how to find the mean and the variance
of the discrete random variable.
Prepared by:
Jennel Baňas
09464910353

M1112SP IIIb 2

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Lesson Plan in Grade 11 Mathematics

Statistics and Probability

Quarter I Content : Random Variables and Probability Distribution

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

III. LEARNING PROCEDURE:

Mean and Variance of random Variables

Outcome -$1.00 $0.00 $3.00 $5.00

Step2. Activity - “We do it”.

σ2 =∑{ [xi – E(x)]2 • P(xi) }

What is the standard deviation of the probability distribution?

E(x) = ∑[xi • P(xi)]

Now that we know the expected value,we find the variance.

Step3. Practice- “You do it”.

a) Find the missing value of u of x.

IV. EVALUATION: Individual Quiz: ½ 0.21

V. ASSIGNMENT: 1 short bond paper

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