CM-507

PYTHON PROGRAMMING LAB

1. Write and execute simple python Program.

n = int(input("Enter a positive integer: "))

for i in range(1, n+1):
print(i)

2. Write /execute simple ‘Python’ program: Develop minimum 2 programs using different data types (numbers,
string, tuple, list, and dictionary).

Program1: Using numbers

a=5
b=3

c=a+b
print("Sum of", a, "and", b, "is", c)

d=a-b
print("Difference of", a, "and", b, "is", d)

e=a*b
print("Product of", a, "and", b, "is", e)

f=a/b
print("Quotient of", a, "and", b, "is", f)p

Program2: Using strings

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']

greeting = "Hello, what fruit would you like to have?"

print(greeting)

for fruit in fruits:

print(fruit)

selected_fruit = input("Enter the name of the fruit you would like to have: ")

if selected_fruit in fruits:
print("You have selected", selected_fruit)
else:
print("Sorry, we don't have", selected_fruit)

3. Write /execute simple ‘Python’ program: Develop minimum 2 programs using Arithmetic Operators,
exhibiting data type conversion.
 Program1: Using Arithmetic Operators

a=5
b=3

c=a+b
print("Sum of", a, "and", b, "is", c)

d=a-b
print("Difference of", a, "and", b, "is", d)

e=a*b
print("Product of", a, "and", b, "is", e)

f=a/b
print("Quotient of", a, "and", b, "is", f)

g = int(a / b)
print("Integer Quotient of", a, "and", b, "is", g)

Program2: Using Data type conversion

# Converting an integer to a string

integer = 42
string = str(integer)
print("String:", string)

# Converting a string to an integer

string = "42"
integer = int(string)
print("Integer:", integer)

# Converting a float to a string

float_num = 3.14
string = str(float_num)
print("String:", string)

# Converting a string to a float

string = "3.14"
float_num = float(string)
print("Float:", float_num)

# Converting a list to a tuple

lst = [1, 2, 3, 4]
tuple = tuple(lst)
print("Tuple:", tuple)

# Converting a tuple to a list

tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4)
lst = list(tuple)
print("List:", lst)

4. (i)Write simple programs to convert U.S. dollars to Indian rupees.

 Program:

usd = float(input("Enter currency in USD: "))

inr = usd * 73

print("The currency in INR is",round(inr,2))

(ii) Write simple programs to convert bits to Megabytes, Gigabytes and Terabytes.

# Python implementation of above program

# Function to calculates the bits

def Bits(kilobytes) :

# calculates Bits
# 1 kilobytes(s) = 8192 bits
Bits = kilobytes * 8192

return Bits

# Function to calculates the bytes

def Bytes(kilobytes) :

# calculates Bytes
# 1 KB = 1024 bytes
Bytes = kilobytes * 1024

return Bytes

# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__" :

kilobytes = 1

print(kilobytes, "Kilobytes =",

Bytes(kilobytes) , "Bytes and",
Bits(kilobytes), "Bits")
5. Write simple programs to calculate the area and perimeter of the square, and the volume & perimeter of the
cone.

import math
pi = math.pi

# Function to calculate Volume of Cone

def volume(r, h):
return (1 / 3) * pi * r * r * h

# Function To Calculate Surface Area of Cone

def surfacearea(r, s):
return pi * r * s + pi * r * r

# Driver Code
radius = float(5)
 height = float(12)
slat_height = float(13)
print( "Volume Of Cone : ", volume(radius, height) )
print( "Surface Area Of Cone : ", surfacearea(radius, slat_height) )

6. Write program to: (i) determine whether a given number is odd or even. (ii) Find the greatest of the three
numbers using conditional operators.

def odd_even(num):
if num % 2 == 0:
return "Even"
else:
return "Odd"

def find_greatest(a, b, c):

greatest = a
if b > greatest:
greatest = b
if c > greatest:
greatest = c
return greatest

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

print("The number is", odd_even(num))

a = int(input("Enter first number: "))

b = int(input("Enter second number: "))
c = int(input("Enter third number: "))
print("The greatest number is", find_greatest(a, b, c))

7. Write a program to: i) Find factorial of a given number. ii) Generate multiplication table up to 10 for numbers
1 to 5.

def factorial(num):
if num == 0:
return 1
return num * factorial(num - 1)

def multiplication_table(n):
for i in range(1, 11):
print(n, "x", i, "=", n * i)

num = int(input("Enter a number to find the factorial: "))

print("The factorial of", num, "is", factorial(num))

for i in range(1, 6):

print("\nMultiplication table for", i)
multiplication_table(i)

8. Write a program to: i) Find factorial of a given number. ii) Generate multiplication table up to 10 for numbers
1 to 5 using functions.

def factorial(num):
if num == 0:
 return 1
return num * factorial(num - 1)

def multiplication_table(n):
for i in range(1, 11):
print(n, "x", i, "=", n*i)

num = int(input("Enter a number to find the factorial: "))

print("The factorial of", num, "is", factorial(num))

print("\nMultiplication table:")
for i in range(1, 6):
print("Table for", i)
multiplication_table(i)
print("\n")
9. Write a program to: i) Find factorial of a given number using recursion. ii) Generate Fibonacci sequence up to
100 using recursion.

def factorial(num):
if num == 0:
return 1
return num * factorial(num - 1)

def fibonacci(num):
if num <= 1:
return num
return fibonacci(num - 1) + fibonacci(num - 2)

num = int(input("Enter a number to find the factorial: "))

print("The factorial of", num, "is", factorial(num))

print("\nFibonacci sequence:")
for i in range(100):
fib = fibonacci(i)
if fib > 100:
break
print(fib, end=", ")
10. Write a program to: Create a list, add element to list, delete element from the lists.

my_list = []

def add_to_list(element):
my_list.append(element)
print(element, "added to the list")

def delete_from_list(element):
if element in my_list:
my_list.remove(element)
print(element, "deleted from the list")
else:
print(element, "not found in the list")

print("1. Add element to the list")

print("2. Delete element from the list")
print("3. Display the list")
print("4. Quit")
 while True:
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))

if choice == 1:
element = int(input("Enter an integer to add: "))
add_to_list(element)
elif choice == 2:
element = int(input("Enter an integer to delete: "))
delete_from_list(element)
elif choice == 3:
print("The list contains:", my_list)
elif choice == 4:
print("Exiting the program...")
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Try again.")
11. Write a program to: Sort the list, reverse the list and counting elements in a list.

my_list = [3, 4, 1, 7, 5, 9, 2, 8, 6, 0]

def sort_list(lst):
return sorted(lst)

def reverse_list(lst):
return lst[::-1]

def count_elements(lst):
count = {}
for element in lst:
count[element] = count.get(element, 0) + 1
return count

print("Original list:", my_list)

sorted_list = sort_list(my_list)
print("Sorted list:", sorted_list)

reversed_list = reverse_list(my_list)
print("Reversed list:", reversed_list)

count = count_elements(my_list)
print("Count of elements in the list:", count)

12. Write a program to: Create dictionary, add element to dictionary, delete element from the dictionary.

my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

def add_element(d, key, value):

d[key] = value
return d
 def delete_element(d, key):
if key in d:
del d[key]
return d

print("Original dictionary:", my_dict)

my_dict = add_element(my_dict, 'd', 4)

print("Dictionary after adding an element:", my_dict)

my_dict = delete_element(my_dict, 'a')

print("Dictionary after deleting an element:", my_dict)
13. Write a program to: To calculate average, mean, median, and standard deviation of numbers in a list.

import statistics

numbers = [3, 4, 1, 7, 5, 9, 2, 8, 6, 0]

def average(lst):
return sum(lst) / len(lst)

def mean(lst):
return statistics.mean(lst)

def median(lst):
return statistics.median(lst)

def standard_deviation(lst):
return statistics.stdev(lst)

print("Numbers:", numbers)

avg = average(numbers)
print("Average:", avg)

mn = mean(numbers)
print("Mean:", mn)

md = median(numbers)
print("Median:", md)

stddev = standard_deviation(numbers)
print("Standard Deviation:", stddev)

14. Write a program to: To print Factors of a given Number.

def factors(n):
for i in range(1, n + 1):
if n % i == 0:
print(i)

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

 print("Factors of", num, "are:")
factors(num)
15. File Input/output: Write a program to: i) To create simple file and write “Hello World” in it. ii) To open a file
in write mode and append Hello world at the end of a file.

# Step 1: Create a file and write "Hello World" in it

with open("hello.txt", "w") as file:
file.write("Hello World\n")
print("File 'hello.txt' created and written successfully.")

# Step 2: Open the file in append mode and append "Hello World" at the end
with open("hello.txt", "a") as file:
file.write("Hello World\n")
print("File 'hello.txt' appended successfully.")

16. Write a program to :i) To open a file in read mode and write its contents to another file but replace every
occurrence of character ‘h’ ii) To open a file in read mode and print the number of occurrences of a
character ‘a’.

# Step 1: Open a file in read mode and write its contents to another file with 'h' replaced
with open("input.txt", "r") as file1, open("output.txt", "w") as file2:
for line in file1:
modified_line = line.replace('h', 'X') # Replace 'h' with 'X'
file2.write(modified_line)
print("Contents of 'input.txt' copied to 'output.txt' with 'h' replaced.")

# Step 2: Open a file in read mode and count the number of occurrences of 'a'
char_to_count = 'a'
count = 0
with open("input.txt", "r") as file:
for line in file:
count += line.count(char_to_count) # Count occurrences of 'a' in each line
print(f"Number of occurrences of '{char_to_count}' in 'input.txt': {count}")

17. Write a Program to: Add two complex number using classes and objects.

class ComplexNumber:
def __init__(self, real, imag):
self.real = real
self.imag = imag

def __add__(self, other):

real_sum = self.real + other.real
imag_sum = self.imag + other.imag
return ComplexNumber(real_sum, imag_sum)

def display(self):
print(f"Sum: {self.real} + {self.imag}i")

# Input complex numbers

real1 = float(input("Enter real part of the first complex number: "))
imag1 = float(input("Enter imaginary part of the first complex number: "))
real2 = float(input("Enter real part of the second complex number: "))
imag2 = float(input("Enter imaginary part of the second complex number: "))

# Create ComplexNumber objects

 complex1 = ComplexNumber(1, 1)
complex2 = ComplexNumber(2, 2)

# Add two complex numbers

result = complex1 + complex2

# Display the result

result.display()

18.Write a Program to: Subtract two complex number using classes and objects.

class ComplexNumber:

def __init__(self, real, imaginary):

self.real = real
self.imaginary = imaginary

def __sub__(self, other):

return ComplexNumber(self.real - other.real, self.imaginary - other.imaginary)

def __repr__(self):
return f"({self.real}+{self.imaginary}j)"

def main():
c1 = ComplexNumber(1, 2)
c2 = ComplexNumber(3, 4)

c3 = c1 - c2

print(c3)

if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

19.Write a Program to: Create a package and accessing a package.

# Create a package
package = __import__("my_package")

# Import a module from the package

module = package.my_module

# Call a function from the module

module.my_function()

Procedure:

1. Launch the IDLE application.

2. Open a new file or an existing one, then write your Python code in the editor.

3. Save your file with a `.py` extension.

4. Press F5 or go to the "Run" menu and select "Run Module."

5. Your program's output will appear in the IDLE Shell window.