A Level Que and Answers FRS

[1/19, 14:20] +263 71 630 1579: Question and Answer Islam Revision
Question 1:Concept of Allah
a) They believe in the oneness of Allah.
b) A God without partners.
c) Allah has no family.
d) Unique to his creation.
e) He has no place or time, noone knows where he stays, his origins .
f) He has no form or shape.
ATTRIBUTES
a) Omnipresent-Just
b) Omnipotent- Creator
c) Omnipresent- Judge
d) Merciful- Righteous/ Holy one
e)Provider- Mighty
f) Giver
Question 2: Identify the 5 Pillars
a) SHAHAD
-This is the confession of Faith.
-It is mentioned once in one's lifetime.
- It gives a full membership either immediately dying or after birth.
-It contains the 6 Articles of Faith which are:
a) Believe in judgment.
b) Believe in one God Allah.
c) Believe in Faith and Destiny.
d) Believe in Angels e.g Angel Jibreel)
e) Believe in the Holy Books.
f) Believe in Prophet Muhammed as the last Prophet(PBUH).
Importances of Shahad
a) Monotheism
b) Oneness and Unity among the people as there will be no divisions in the religion.
c) Brings one to be close to Allah.
d) Full membership.
b) SALAT
-This is the pillar of prayer.
-it is obligatory to everyone especially those who have reached the rational age.
-Pray 5times a day.
- The first prayer conducted before Dawn is called the Fajr.
- The second prayer must be offered during the midday is called Zuhr.
- The third prayer before the sunset is called Asr (starts soon after the second prayer.)
- The forth prayer starts at sunset and ends when twilight disappears from sun is called the Majhrib.
- The fifth prayer is done in the evening and end before Dawn is called Ishah.
- The Salat is done facing Mecca (pilgrimage and first altar built by Abraham and Ishamael (Ka'ba).
- Wudu is performed.
- Recitation of the first verses by the prayer leader the lmam .
- Different postures must be done.
IMPORTANCES.
* Purifies one's soul.
* Spiritual upliftment.
* Prevent one from sinning.
* Promotes illiteracy.
* Brings reverence from Allah.
* Improves the faith of the believer.
* Creates monotheism.
c) ZAKAT
- it is obligatory and paid annually.
- it is a Thanksgiving charity.
- Any capable person is obligated to pay at least 2.5%.

- It is paid in form of money, livestock, minerals e.g Platinum and gold.
- The widows, orphans, prisoners , the new believers money used to build charity org and sponsor
during wars like Jihad.
IMPORTANCES.
# Humanitarian services.
# Brings one closer to Allah.
# Purifies one's wealth.
# Bridges the gap between the poor.
# Avoids one from being greedy.
# Brings the spirit of compassion towards brothers.
# Promotes oneness and unity.
d) SAWN
- Known as the fasting pillar.
- It is obligatory.
- It is done on the 9th month on the Lunar Calendar known as the month of Ramadan.
- Fasting from morning to sunset.
- Abstain from food, drink ,sexual intercourse.
-During this time, they put the same type of clothes.
- Women on menstruation , pregnant, travellers , the elderly , children under the age of 12 are not
allowed to fast.
IMPORTANCES
* Prayers are answered.
* Closer to Allah.
* Bridges the gap between the poor and rich as both are to experience the same hunger.
e) HAJJ
-lt is the pilgrimage to Mecca.
- It is a journey that is undertaken by one in his /her lifetime.

- Attended on the 12th month 5-6 day (THULHIJJAH)
- Women are to be accompanied by males to the Mecca.
- Acts of charity are done there.
- Throwing of pebbles at Jamurati pillars.
- Going around the Ka'ba for 7times.
- Slaughtering of the animal which is done in 3portions.
- The first portion sacrificed to Allah.
- The second one given to the poor.
- The third will eat.
IMPORTANCES.
* Humanitarian services.
* Economic benefits to the people of Mecca.
* History on the religion is maintained and passed down from one generation to another.
* One goes to paradise.
* Networking business.
Question 3: Explain the Shariah law and show instances were it is applied.
- Shariah is an Islamic term which means law.
- it constitutes the bold of rules and laws.
- lt contains the punitive laws or disciplinary measures towards the offenders.
- Examples of the Shariah are derived from different sources which :
# Sunnah
# Hadith
# Quran /Koran
# Jurisprudence
# Mystism
# Shariah
Where the Shariah is applied.

* Religious matters.
* Morality (moral standards or behaviour in the society.)
* Inheritance distribution
* Marriage in terms of divorce
* Criminal cases e.g rape cases.
* Dietry laws
* Environmental matters
* The politics of the state.
* Business and enterprise
* During the funeral and burial rites
* Applicable to oneself especially when guiding the mind of a human being.
Question 4: Critically analyse the significance of the Shariah to a Muslim?
IMPORTANCES OF THE SHARIAH
a) Controls public behaviour.
b) it uphold the moral uprightness of an Islamic society.
c) Promotes enterprise and trade.
d) Promotes monotheism directed to Allah alone.
e) Preservation of the religion and is promoting the expansation of the religion.
f) lt promotes good character in young girls.
g) Shariah can be used as a pancea to HIV
h) Preservation of the environment (dietry laws)
HOWEVER
a) Gender stereotype according to inheritance.
b) Degrades the status of woman.
c) Some can be accussed and being punished falsely.
d) Early marriages.
Question 5: Explain the role of Muhammed in the establishment of Islam.

a) He is the founder of the religion.
b) He is the receiver of the Quran.
c) He upholded a monotheistic worship.
d) Books that are followed from Islam are from his teachings and his actions.
e) He performed miracles.
f) Conducted a jihad that the Meccans to be converted into Islam.
g) He established the rules and the laws that were to be followed in the Islamic Religion.
h) Organized charity that attracted several people.
Question 6: Evaluate the Legacy of Muhammed.
- Legacy refers to the achievements of a person which are left behind for the next generation to benefit
from.
a) He is the last Prophet and the seal of the prophets.
b) The revealed Koran which came to him when he was on Mount Hirah through revelation.
c) The religion which he left behind.
d) His personal character as well , behaviour and sayings which are recorded in the Sunnah and the
Hadith.
e) Miracle worker
f) Upholder of Monotheism
g) The pilgrimage Mecca.
h) He was a Mofti.
I) Honestly
j) Concept of the Jihad.
k) Maintenance of peace.
Question 7: Analyse the concept of a Prophet in Islam/ Examine the characteristics of a Prophet in lslam.
- The word Prophet comes from the Arabic word "Nabi" meaning the Messanger.
- A prophet in Islam therefore Is a Messanger of Allah.
- A prophet is one who possess the following:

* Reliability to teach Allah's word as it is.
* A prophet is one who is honest and transparent.
* They receive and preserve the revelation of God.
* Prophets have a superior mind and intelligence, strong memory, superior logic ability and persuasion
as they are not ordinary people.
* They are the bearers of the good news meaning that they are the preachers of Allah to Mankind.
* They give warning to people concerning what is right and what is wrong, the judgment that is to come.
* They reveal the truth as well as the book of truth to people.
* They are the moral guiders that is they provide guidelines of what is right and wrong.
* They can pronounce judgement or punishments to offenders.
* Mujiza , they are miracle workers. Allah gave all his prophets quality to produce some extra ordinary
things or events e.g Prophet Muhammed, water dripped out of his hands when they were in a dessert.
Question 8: Explore the extend of Prophet Muhammed's prophetic status.
To a greater extent, Muhammed can be considered as a prophet . He is known as the last seal of the
prophets in lslam , after him there is no other prophet to be recognized.
# He was a Messanger of Allah.
# A role model to all the prophets in lslam societies and individuals.
# He had high morality , good habits , noble and gentle feelings.
# His character can be clearly illustrated from the Sunnah and Hadith.
# He received revelation from Allah.
# He established a world religion which is recognized world over.
# He was a good leader or a politician, a statesman during his time.
# He pronounced salvation to those who submit to Allah.
# Authority as the prophets is seen in the Sunnah and Hadith.
# He suffered rejection and persecution inorder to establish the religion.
# He was called when he was praying.
# He upholded social justice.
# He upholded charity works and high levels of good moral.
# Miracle worker just like other prophets.

# He led in wars during his first Jihad to Mecca.
Question 9: Assess how Love is demonstrated in lslam
-Love is central in the lslamic religion
-There are several ways in which love is demonstrated in lslam.
a) Through the Faradah.
-These are duties that are given to each and every man to follow and they promote love.
-Love towards Allah and the Koran.
b) By trying to imitate prophet Muhammed.
-A true Muslim is one who submit to Allah and love others.
c) Love is also demonstrated by paying Zakat which will help the needy in the Islamic society.
d) They demonstrate love through following the Sunnah.
- There are the deeds and activities of Prophet Muhammed.
- He loved his wives and was a generous person.
e) The Hajj also demonstrate brotherly love.
- There is no racial discrimination between the Muslim during the Hajj.
- The poor and the rich wil all converge.
f) Love is also expressed in Marriage between the husband ,wife and children.
g) Muslim love non-Moslemas seen in their charitable organization and activities.
-Even non-Muslism receive aid from the Muslim.
h) Jihad is also the expression of love for it is a good cause of others that is to eliminate social
justice ,terrorism and oppression.
HOWEVER SIDE
a) The punitive laws do not demonstrate love e.g when one's hand has to be amputated or cut or to be
killed over a certain crime.
b) It lacks tolerance.
c) Shariah advocates for punishments which is violent in nature and does not resort to other means of
assisting.
d) Laws are harsh on intermarriages.

Question 10: Show the categories of Love.
a) Love towards Allah.
- Submitting to Allah.
-Worshipping Allah alone.
- Respecting the word of Allah which is the Koran.
- Teaching or encouraging other people to worship Allah.
b) Love towards Prophet Muhammed.
- To recognize him as the last Prophet and the seal of the prophets.
- To follow up the teachings of Prophet Muhammed which are in the Sunnah and Hadith.
-Respecting his name by saying (PBUH) Peace Be Upon Him.
c)Love between Spouses
I) Husbands
- To love their wives.
- Provide financial and physical needs.
-Give moral support when the wife is sick by doing household chores.
-The husband is supposed to beat the wife for insubordination.
ii) Wife
-Respect the husband and be submissive.
-Forgive the little mistakes of the husband.
-Provide moral support.
-Submission to the religion of the husband.
iii) Children to Parents.
-Respect the parents and not to call them names during old age.
-Be helpful to the parents.
-Give support to their parents.
iv) Parents to children.
-Gice their children good meaningful names.
-Provide their financial and physical needs.
-Nurturing the children in the word or ways of Allah

-Keep the children away from drugs, alcohol , lying , back biting and gossiping.
- Promotes or encourage the children to follow the religion.
-Arrange their marriages into good families.
d) Love towards neighbours and the relatives.
-Lend to your neighbour when in need
-Visit them in hospital when they are not well.
-Attend funeral prayers.
-Do not build a house that is higher than that of your neighbour.
-Do not cook food with a smell that will affect your neighbour.
-Avoid back biting your neighbour.
-Visit your relatives.
e)Love towards the Environment
-The are also supposed to show love towards the environment by:
* By not cutting down trees unnecessarily.
*Not wasting resources be it food or anything else.
*Kill animals in a Halawu way(kindest behaviour).
*Not peeing or pollute environment.
*Not starve their domestic animals.
*Practice good Agricultural methods.
Question 11: Identify the sources of Ethical Principles in Islam.
Definition of Ethical Principles is principles which guides the moral behaviour of the Muslim.
Sources of Ethics.
i) Koran/Quran.
-It is the Holy Book that involves the direct word of Allah.
--It is divine, heavenly, sacred and authentic & considered to be miracle.
- Laws concerning the good governance.
ii) Sunnah
-The activities and the behaviours of Prophet Muhammed which is adopted by the Muslim e.g the
concept of Marriage.
iii) Hadith
-Consists of the sayings of Prophet Muhammed e.g Muhammed was asked who should be respected the
most between the father and the mother and he answered that the mother should be respected the
most .
iv) Juriprusdence
- Legal system of Islam which consists of laws of punishments.
v) Mystism
- The beliefs, ideas or thoughts , a doctrine of direct communication.
A doctrine of direct communication.
vi) Shariah
- Laws in lslam.
Question 12: Examine the rules of behaviour in Islam.
Candidates should write about the ethics.
There should be the respect of :
i) Allah.
- Prophets
- Parents
- Elders
ii) Honesty
iii) Hardworking
iv) Trustworthy
vi) No stealing
vii) Moral upright
viii) Visionary
x) Faithfulness
xi) Equality
xi) Transparency
Question 13: Discuss the status of Women in Islam.
POSITIVE SIDE
a) They are created equal with men.
b) Rewarded or punished equally, giving a sense of gender equality.
c) According to the Hadith , Muhammed claims that a woman must be the most respected person.
d)Right to vote.
e) Right to inheritance however only of the man's inheritance.
f) Right to the custody during divorce of children below 6yrs however those above 6years to the father.
g) Right to choose a professional or a career of choice however in some Islamic states, women are not
allowed to take up some certain professions e.f fuel stations ,soccer, modeling, hotels as it is considered
as Fatina as it brings direspect of woman for she will be involved with the interaction with several men.
h) To do business and keep their own money.
i) Right to own property
j) To maintain their own surname after marriage.
k) Right to ask for a consent of divorce.
l) Right to refuse a man in an arranged marriage.
m) Right to participate in taking up public positions such as President, Vice President.
NEGATIVE SIDE
a) Not to leave the house without the husband or the father's consent.
b) Not to leave the house without a male acomplice therefore it infringes the right to privacy.
c) The hijab being oppressive to women.
d) One has to produce four male witnesses during a trial of rape cases.
e) Not allowed to drive a car.
f) Beating the wife for insubordination.
Question 14: Identify the roles of women in Islam.
*Motherhood
*Childbearing
*Nurturing of children
*Maintance of homes
*Maintain the property
* Teach or train the children
*Provide moral support to the husband during his ups and downs.
*Satisfy the sexual needs of the other partner.
* Worship
* Can have their own business
* Become interprenuers
*Can give a home an image which is good.
* Hospitality activities.
Question 15: Analyse the extent to which women are involved in politics
#Right to vote.
#Take up public positions e.g President and also Prime Presidents
#They advice those who are in Political positions e.g Ayisha the wife of Muhammed who participated in
the war of Mecca.
HOWEVER SIDE
#Some Islamic states are so strict that they do not promote or want to see women in leadership e.g
Nigerian State, Lesotho state
Question 16: What are the reasons for women to shun politics in Islam
*Patriachal nature in the society.
*Illitaracy
*Marriages
*Lack of support
*Local customs of the society
*Motherhood
*Poverty
Question 17: Distinguish between the factors that may hinder or promote women's progress in Islam.
HINDER
*Islamic laws e.g the Shariah
*Patriachal beliefs
*Men always playing the dominant factor.
*Lack of Gender Equalitye.g careers, professions
*Lack of education
*Religious beliefs especially on the roles given to a woman.
*Attitude from women themselves as some believe that only men are supposed to be at the forefront of
doing things.
*Poverty
* Marriage
*Motherhood
*Local customs
PROMOTE
* Women are allowed to have their to have their own businesses and to keep their own money.
* Possess rights to employment and can choose a career professions of choice.
*Right to property ownership
*Right to education which generally empowers them.
*Also contribute Zakat.
*Condemned to work in families
Question 18 : Identify Islamic NGOs and their role
a) New Hope Charity Trust
-Offers free accredited diploma in Arabic language.
-It gives food to the less privileged Moslems
-Offers inter-religions dialogue to foster core-existance.
b)Majilis Uluma Zimbabwe
-Has 3 high schools in Zimbabwe

-Gives aid to the needy.
c)Direct Aid
-Has at least four primary schools
d)The League of Universities Graduates
-Offers counseling, consultants
-Propagation
e)Upper hand Foundation
-Offers education
-Charity to the needy.
f)Banbean Cultural and Development Organization
-Offers construction and developments.
g) Zimbabwe Halawu Council
-Focus on Islamic dietry.
-Do charity works for the Muslims and non-Muslims.
h) Zimbabwe Muslim Association(ZIMMA)
-Offers rural education and rural humanitarian aid.
i) Islamic Education Trust
-Offers education
j) Zimbabwe Muslim Youth Organization (ZIMMYO)
-Offers youth empowerment
k)The Call TV
-Youth dialogue and empowerment
l)Red Crescent
-Offers ARVs
-Medicine
-Health Care facility
m) Islamic Women Organization
-Offers women empowerment
-humanitarian services offered

Question 19: Analyse the contribution of lslam to social development in Zim
*Providing youth empowerment
*Drilling boreholes.
*Provide solar system
Question 20: Examine types of the Humanitarian Services offered in lslam.
*Zakat
*Hajj
*Waqf done at a large scale
*Sadaq providing scholarship
*Kafar providing with clothes or food
Question 21: Explain the Islamic Concept of Good Governance.
a) Ashurah
-A chapter found in the Quran/Koran which contains the teachings on how leaders must behave.
b)A leader who fears and respect Allah and Prophet Muhammed.
c)The Caliph /Caphtor
-A King is selected by a Caliph /Caphtor.
d) A visionary leader.
e)An Honesty leader.
f) Accountability
g) Transparency
h) Justice and fairness
i)Not a tyrranical ruler
-Allah loveth not agressors
j)A consultant leader.
k) Effective and Efficient
l) Reliable
Question 22: Assess the challenges of Islamic perception on Governance
Candidates are required to list the weakness or problems associated with the Islamic Concept of
Governance
a) Democracy
-In some Islamic states, the leadership is usually a Monarchy.
-The way the Monarchy is selected is not democratic.
b)Sometimes the Monarchy has absolute powers which can prevent the participation of people or the
freedom of choice or will.
c)Most Islamic leaders during the Slave Trade in Africa, they promoted Slave Trade which undermined
the right to life.
d)The Mandinka State had a King who had absolute power.
e)Some leaders can be tyrranical rulers interested in wars e.g the Jihadists.
f) Accountability and Transparency can also lack in the event that a leader is corrupt or misuse funds.
HOWEVER SIDE
-Al-Amana represents good governance or faithful leadership.
Question 23: Explore the meaning of Jihad
-Jihad means to strive ,to struggle for the good cause of Allah.
-Any struggle in life which is aimed at producing something good is a Jihad.
-Jihad is not only limited to war for there are various kinds of Jihad.
-There are many types of Jihad for example
ai)Internal Jihad
-This is when one strives to know and do the will of Allah .
*To put into action all Allah's teachings .
b)Jihad strive to teach people about Islam.
c)It involves enduring the persecution that one might face in the journey of preaching Islam.
d)It also involves one being able to shun evil to avoid temptation and sinning.
e)There is a Jihad of fighting against the fleshly desires.
f)The Jihad of fighting evil spirits.
ii) Verbal Jihad

*In the verbal this is when one seeks justice through words and non-Violent actions.
*Muhammed encouraged Muslim to demand justice in the name of Allah.
*When he was asked ,"What kind of Jihad was better?" and he replied ,"A word of truth in front of an
oppressive ruler". This means that verbal jihad is supposed to be used in order to seek justice.
iii)Physical Jihad
*Also known as the military Jihad.
*This involves collective armed defense.
*It is a war and not a Holy War.
*Military Jihad is only permissable only if is in self defense.
g)Jihad is seen when it is strengthening Islam.
h)Protecting the freedom of the Moslems to practice their faith .
i)When protecting the Muslim against oppression
j)When punishing an enemy who breaks an oath.
k)When putting right and wrong.
l)Not permissable when it is to force people to convert to Islam.
m)To conquer nations and colonise them.
n)When one takes a territory for economic gains.
o)It is not a way of settling disputes.
p)Not allowed when one wants to demonstrate his power.
q)It must not be launched by a religious leader.
r)It is however misunderstood to be considered to be a Holy War and also a tool which promotes
terrorism and has made islam to be considered as a violent religion.
Question 24: To what extent does Islam promote violence.
a)Physical millitary Jihad is permitted in the Quran as Muslim are allowed to enter into war inorder to
promote their rights and justice.
Effects of War
*Loss of lives
*Leads to Violence
*Loss of property
*Leads to terrorism
*They are Jihadists who engage in suicide bomb attacks e.g Boko Haram, Mandinka State, Osama Ben
Laden etc.
b)The idea of men being allowed to beat up women especially their wives.
c) The punishments found in Islam are violent in nature.
HOWEVER SIDE.
a) A religion that promotes peace.
b)Their greetings when they meet Al-Salam-Alei-Kum as they will be saying Allah himself is a God of
peace.
Question 25: Evaluate the importance of Jihad.
*A tool to fight tyrranical leadership
*Promotes justice
*An act of humanitarian service for they fight for the marginalised, disadvantaged, oppressed
*Jihad promotes respect for others beliefs.
*Promotes affirmative faith in Allah
*Dependents the Koran and the teachings of Prophet Muhammed.
*Guards against the manipulation of resources and environment for personal and selfish use by
outsiders.
*Promotes a monotheistic worship
*Promotes equality.
Question 26: Explain Conflict Transformation.
-This is an idea of trying to solve issues, disputes, conflicts using non-violent means.
-islam has moved from a stage of employing violent means to solve their disputes.
-There are several methods or modes of confict transformation has been adopted by Muslims for
example:
*Forgiveness
*Reconciliation
*Arbitrators
*Mediators
*Peace treaties
*Apologising
*Compromising
*Settling in courts
*Dialoguing
Question 27: Evaluate the meaning of Marriage in the Koran.
-Marriage is a union between two people.
-Marriage is a union that is ordained by Allah.
-It is the will of Allah for people to get married.
-Marriage in Islam should be between man and woman not homosexual marriages.
-Men are allowed to marry non-Muslim but women are not allowed to be married by a non-Muslim
men.
-Men can marry up to 4 wives whereas a woman only 1man.
-Marriage in islam should be arranged by the families however one is not forced into the marriage.
-During the arranged marriage has been conducted ,they are not allowed to be seen in private together.
- Dating and courtship is not allowed.
-One can decide if he or she wants to accept the alliance or not.
-The engagement which involves the man paying the bride price called Mahar as a token of appreciation
and not being bought.
-The women presents a gift to the men.
-Sexual intercourse is not allowed even after the engagement but only after their union together.
-The wedding ceremony called Walima which takes place the night after the couple has spent together.
-it is not allowed to be an expensive ceremony but a simple ceremony.
-Witnessess are required to be present during the ceremony.
-A man when he divorce his wife in Islam, he is not allowed to marry her again before the divorced wife
gets married to another man and is divorced again
-Man have several responsibilities in marriage as they are required to maintain the wife by providing
with financial and physical support.
Question 28: Assess the importance of Marriage.
*Procreation
*Companionship
*Will of Allah
*Provide with moral and comfort.
*For sexual gratification.
*Reduces sexual morality sins
*A panancea to STls and AIDs.
*To create wealth
*For peace treaties.
Question 29: Marriage is a center of oppression. Evaluate this view.
To a lesser extent
*Women are beaten for insubordination.
*Accompanied by a make companion wherever they want to go.
*Polygamy
*Seek consent of divorce.
*Custody of children always goes to the husband.
HOWEVER SIDE
*Maintain her maiden name .
*Question and Answer Islam Revision
Question 1:Concept of Allah
a) They believe in the oneness of Allah.
b) A God without partners.
c) Allah has no family.
d) Unique to his creation.
e) He has no place or time, noone knows where he stays, his origins .
f) He has no form or shape.
ATTRIBUTES
a) Omnipresent-Just
b) Omnipotent- Creator
c) Omnipresent- Judge
d) Merciful- Righteous/ Holy one
e)Provider- Mighty
f) Giver
Question 2: Identify the 5 Pillars
a) SHAHAD
-This is the confession of Faith.
-It is mentioned once in one's lifetime.
- It gives a full membership either immediately dying or after birth.
-It contains the 6 Articles of Faith which are:
a) Believe in judgment.
b) Believe in one God Allah.
c) Believe in Faith and Destiny.
d) Believe in Angels e.g Angel Jibreel)
e) Believe in the Holy Books.
f) Believe in Prophet Muhammed as the last Prophet(PBUH).
Importances of Shahad
a) Monotheism
b) Oneness and Unity among the people as there will be no divisions in the religion.
c) Brings one to be close to Allah.
d) Full membership.
b) SALAT
-This is the pillar of prayer.
-it is obligatory to everyone especially those who have reached the rational age.
-Pray 5times a day.
- The first prayer conducted before Dawn is called the Fajr.

- The second prayer must be offered during the midday is called Zuhr.
- The third prayer before the sunset is called Asr (starts soon after the second prayer.)
- The forth prayer starts at sunset and ends when twilight disappears from sun is called the Majhrib.
- The fifth prayer is done in the evening and end before Dawn is called Ishah.
- The Salat is done facing Mecca (pilgrimage and first altar built by Abraham and Ishamael (Ka'ba).
- Wudu is performed.
- Recitation of the first verses by the prayer leader the lmam .
- Different postures must be done.
IMPORTANCES.
* Purifies one's soul.
* Promotes illiteracy.
* Brings reverence from Allah.
* Improves the faith of the believer.
* Creates monotheism.
c) ZAKAT
- it is obligatory and paid annually.
- it is a Thanksgiving charity.
- Any capable person is obligated to pay at least 2.5%.
- It is paid in form of money, livestock, minerals e.g Platinum and gold.
- The widows, orphans, prisoners , the new believers money used to build charity org and sponsor
during wars like Jihad.
IMPORTANCES.
# Humanitarian services.
# Brings one closer to Allah.
# Purifies one's wealth.
# Bridges the gap between the poor.
# Avoids one from being greedy.

# Brings the spirit of compassion towards brothers.
# Promotes oneness and unity.
d) SAWN
- Known as the fasting pillar.
- It is obligatory.
- It is done on the 9th month on the Lunar Calendar known as the month of Ramadan.
- Fasting from morning to sunset.
- Abstain from food, drink ,sexual intercourse.
-During this time, they put the same type of clothes.
- Women on menstruation , pregnant, travellers , the elderly , children under the age of 12 are not
allowed to fast.
IMPORTANCES
* Prayers are answered.
* Closer to Allah.
* Bridges the gap between the poor and rich as both are to experience the same hunger.
e) HAJJ
-lt is the pilgrimage to Mecca.
- It is a journey that is undertaken by one in his /her lifetime.
- Attended on the 12th month 5-6 day (THULHIJJAH)
- Women are to be accompanied by males to the Mecca.
- Acts of charity are done there.
- Throwing of pebbles at Jamurati pillars.
- Going around the Ka'ba for 7times.
- Slaughtering of the animal which is done in 3portions.
- The first portion sacrificed to Allah.
- The second one given to the poor.
- The third will eat.

IMPORTANCES.
* Humanitarian services.
* Economic benefits to the people of Mecca.
* History on the religion is maintained and passed down from one generation to another.
* One goes to paradise.
* Networking business.
Question 3: Explain the Shariah law and show instances were it is applied.
- Shariah is an Islamic term which means law.
- it constitutes the bold of rules and laws.
- lt contains the punitive laws or disciplinary measures towards the offenders.
- Examples of the Shariah are derived from different sources which :
# Sunnah
# Hadith
# Quran /Koran
# Jurisprudence
# Mystism
# Shariah
Where the Shariah is applied.
* Religious matters.
* Morality (moral standards or behaviour in the society.)
* Inheritance distribution
* Marriage in terms of divorce
* Criminal cases e.g rape cases.
* Dietry laws
* Environmental matters
* The politics of the state.
* Business and enterprise

* During the funeral and burial rites
* Applicable to oneself especially when guiding the mind of a human being.
Question 4: Critically analyse the significance of the Shariah to a Muslim?
IMPORTANCES OF THE SHARIAH
a) Controls public behaviour.
b) it uphold the moral uprightness of an Islamic society.
c) Promotes enterprise and trade.
d) Promotes monotheism directed to Allah alone.
e) Preservation of the religion and is promoting the expansation of the religion.
f) lt promotes good character in young girls.
g) Shariah can be used as a pancea to HIV
h) Preservation of the environment (dietry laws)
HOWEVER
a) Gender stereotype according to inheritance.
b) Degrades the status of woman.
c) Some can be accussed and being punished falsely.
d) Early marriages.
Question 5: Explain the role of Muhammed in the establishment of Islam.
a) He is the founder of the religion.
b) He is the receiver of the Quran.
c) He upholded a monotheistic worship.
d) Books that are followed from Islam are from his teachings and his actions.
e) He performed miracles.
f) Conducted a jihad that the Meccans to be converted into Islam.
g) He established the rules and the laws that were to be followed in the Islamic Religion.
h) Organized charity that attracted several people.

Question 6: Evaluate the Legacy of Muhammed.
- Legacy refers to the achievements of a person which are left behind for the next generation to benefit
from.
a) He is the last Prophet and the seal of the prophets.
b) The revealed Koran which came to him when he was on Mount Hirah through revelation.
c) The religion which he left behind.
d) His personal character as well , behaviour and sayings which are recorded in the Sunnah and the
Hadith.
e) Miracle worker
f) Upholder of Monotheism
g) The pilgrimage Mecca.
h) He was a Mofti.
I) Honestly
j) Concept of the Jihad.
k) Maintenance of peace.
Question 7: Analyse the concept of a Prophet in Islam/ Examine the characteristics of a Prophet in lslam.
- The word Prophet comes from the Arabic word "Nabi" meaning the Messanger.
- A prophet in Islam therefore Is a Messanger of Allah.
- A prophet is one who possess the following:
* Reliability to teach Allah's word as it is.
* A prophet is one who is honest and transparent.
* They receive and preserve the revelation of God.
* Prophets have a superior mind and intelligence, strong memory, superior logic ability and persuasion
as they are not ordinary people.
* They are the bearers of the good news meaning that they are the preachers of Allah to Mankind.
* They give warning to people concerning what is right and what is wrong, the judgment that is to come.
* They reveal the truth as well as the book of truth to people.
* They are the moral guiders that is they provide guidelines of what is right and wrong.
* They can pronounce judgement or punishments to offenders.

* Mujiza , they are miracle workers. Allah gave all his prophets quality to produce some extra ordinary
things or events e.g Prophet Muhammed, water dripped out of his hands when they were in a dessert.
Question 8: Explore the extend of Prophet Muhammed's prophetic status.
To a greater extent, Muhammed can be considered as a prophet . He is known as the last seal of the
prophets in lslam , after him there is no other prophet to be recognized.
# He was a Messanger of Allah.
# A role model to all the prophets in lslam societies and individuals.
# He had high morality , good habits , noble and gentle feelings.
# His character can be clearly illustrated from the Sunnah and Hadith.
# He received revelation from Allah.
# He established a world religion which is recognized world over.
# He was a good leader or a politician, a statesman during his time.
# He pronounced salvation to those who submit to Allah.
# Authority as the prophets is seen in the Sunnah and Hadith.
# He suffered rejection and persecution inorder to establish the religion.
# He was called when he was praying.
# He upholded social justice.
# He upholded charity works and high levels of good moral.
# Miracle worker just like other prophets.
# He led in wars during his first Jihad to Mecca.
Question 9: Assess how Love is demonstrated in lslam
-Love is central in the lslamic religion
-There are several ways in which love is demonstrated in lslam.
a) Through the Faradah.
-These are duties that are given to each and every man to follow and they promote love.
-Love towards Allah and the Koran.
b) By trying to imitate prophet Muhammed.

-A true Muslim is one who submit to Allah and love others.
c) Love is also demonstrated by paying Zakat which will help the needy in the Islamic society.
d) They demonstrate love through following the Sunnah.
- There are the deeds and activities of Prophet Muhammed.
- He loved his wives and was a generous person.
e) The Hajj also demonstrate brotherly love.
- There is no racial discrimination between the Muslim during the Hajj.
- The poor and the rich wil all converge.
f) Love is also expressed in Marriage between the husband ,wife and children.
g) Muslim love non-Moslemas seen in their charitable organization and activities.
-Even non-Muslism receive aid from the Muslim.
h) Jihad is also the expression of love for it is a good cause of others that is to eliminate social
justice ,terrorism and oppression.
HOWEVER SIDE
a) The punitive laws do not demonstrate love e.g when one's hand has to be amputated or cut or to be
killed over a certain crime.
b) It lacks tolerance.
c) Shariah advocates for punishments which is violent in nature and does not resort to other means of
assisting.
d) Laws are harsh on intermarriages.
Question 10: Show the categories of Love.
a) Love towards Allah.
- Submitting to Allah.
-Worshipping Allah alone.
- Respecting the word of Allah which is the Koran.
- Teaching or encouraging other people to worship Allah.
b) Love towards Prophet Muhammed.
- To recognize him as the last Prophet and the seal of the prophets.
- To follow up the teachings of Prophet Muhammed which are in the Sunnah and Hadith.
-Respecting his name by saying (PBUH) Peace Be Upon Him.
c)Love between Spouses
I) Husbands
- To love their wives.
- Provide financial and physical needs.
-Give moral support when the wife is sick by doing household chores.
-The husband is supposed to beat the wife for insubordination.
ii) Wife
-Respect the husband and be submissive.
-Forgive the little mistakes of the husband.
-Provide moral support.
-Submission to the religion of the husband.
iii) Children to Parents.
-Respect the parents and not to call them names during old age.
-Be helpful to the parents.
-Give support to their parents.
iv) Parents to children.
-Gice their children good meaningful names.
-Provide their financial and physical needs.
-Nurturing the children in the word or ways of Allah
-Keep the children away from drugs, alcohol , lying , back biting and gossiping.
- Promotes or encourage the children to follow the religion.
-Arrange their marriages into good families.
d) Love towards neighbours and the relatives.
-Lend to your neighbour when in need
-Visit them in hospital when they are not well.
-Attend funeral prayers.
-Do not build a house that is higher than that of your neighbour.
-Do not cook food with a smell that will affect your neighbour.
-Avoid back biting your neighbour.
-Visit your relatives.
e)Love towards the Environment
-The are also supposed to show love towards the environment by:
* By not cutting down trees unnecessarily.
*Not wasting resources be it food or anything else.
*Kill animals in a Halawu way(kindest behaviour).
*Not peeing or pollute environment.
*Not starve their domestic animals.
*Practice good Agricultural methods.
Question 11: Identify the sources of Ethical Principles in Islam.
Definition of Ethical Principles is principles which guides the moral behaviour of the Muslim.
Sources of Ethics.
i) Koran/Quran.
-It is the Holy Book that involves the direct word of Allah.
--It is divine, heavenly, sacred and authentic & considered to be miracle.
- Laws concerning the good governance.
ii) Sunnah
-The activities and the behaviours of Prophet Muhammed which is adopted by the Muslim e.g the
concept of Marriage.
iii) Hadith
-Consists of the sayings of Prophet Muhammed e.g Muhammed was asked who should be respected the
most between the father and the mother and he answered that the mother should be respected the
most .
iv) Juriprusdence
- Legal system of Islam which consists of laws of punishments.
v) Mystism
- The beliefs, ideas or thoughts , a doctrine of direct communication.
A doctrine of direct communication.

vi) Shariah
- Laws in lslam.
Question 12: Examine the rules of behaviour in Islam.
Candidates should write about the ethics.
There should be the respect of :
i) Allah.
- Prophets
- Parents
- Elders
ii) Honesty
iii) Hardworking
iv) Trustworthy
vi) No stealing
vii) Moral upright
viii) Visionary
x) Faithfulness
xi) Equality
xi) Transparency
Question 13: Discuss the status of Women in Islam.
POSITIVE SIDE
a) They are created equal with men.
b) Rewarded or punished equally, giving a sense of gender equality.
c) According to the Hadith , Muhammed claims that a woman must be the most respected person.
d)Right to vote.
e) Right to inheritance however only of the man's inheritance.
f) Right to the custody during divorce of children below 6yrs however those above 6years to the father.
g) Right to choose a professional or a career of choice however in some Islamic states, women are not
allowed to take up some certain professions e.f fuel stations ,soccer, modeling, hotels as it is considered
as Fatina as it brings direspect of woman for she will be involved with the interaction with several men.
h) To do business and keep their own money.
i) Right to own property
j) To maintain their own surname after marriage.
k) Right to ask for a consent of divorce.
l) Right to refuse a man in an arranged marriage.
m) Right to participate in taking up public positions such as President, Vice President.
NEGATIVE SIDE
a) Not to leave the house without the husband or the father's consent.
b) Not to leave the house without a male acomplice therefore it infringes the right to privacy.
c) The hijab being oppressive to women.
d) One has to produce four male witnesses during a trial of rape cases.
e) Not allowed to drive a car.
f) Beating the wife for insubordination.
Question 14: Identify the roles of women in Islam.
*Motherhood
*Childbearing
*Nurturing of children
*Maintance of homes
*Maintain the property
* Teach or train the children
*Provide moral support to the husband during his ups and downs.
*Satisfy the sexual needs of the other partner.
* Worship
* Can have their own business
* Become interprenuers
*Can give a home an image which is good.

* Hospitality activities.
Question 15: Analyse the extent to which women are involved in politics
#Right to vote.
#Take up public positions e.g President and also Prime Presidents
#They advice those who are in Political positions e.g Ayisha the wife of Muhammed who participated in
the war of Mecca.
HOWEVER SIDE
#Some Islamic states are so strict that they do not promote or want to see women in leadership e.g
Nigerian State, Lesotho state
Question 16: What are the reasons for women to shun politics in Islam
*Patriachal nature in the society.
*Illitaracy
*Marriages
*Lack of support
*Local customs of the society
*Motherhood
*Poverty
Question 17: Distinguish between the factors that may hinder or promote women's progress in Islam.
HINDER
*Islamic laws e.g the Shariah
*Patriachal beliefs
*Men always playing the dominant factor.
*Lack of Gender Equalitye.g careers, professions
*Lack of education
*Religious beliefs especially on the roles given to a woman.
*Attitude from women themselves as some believe that only men are supposed to be at the forefront of
doing things.
*Poverty
* Marriage
*Motherhood
*Local customs
PROMOTE
* Women are allowed to have their to have their own businesses and to keep their own money.
* Possess rights to employment and can choose a career professions of choice.
*Right to property ownership
*Right to education which generally empowers them.
*Also contribute Zakat.
*Condemned to work in families
Question 18 : Identify Islamic NGOs and their role
a) New Hope Charity Trust
-Offers free accredited diploma in Arabic language.
-It gives food to the less privileged Moslems
-Offers inter-religions dialogue to foster core-existance.
b)Majilis Uluma Zimbabwe
-Has 3 high schools in Zimbabwe
-Gives aid to the needy.
c)Direct Aid
-Has at least four primary schools
d)The League of Universities Graduates
-Offers counseling, consultants
-Propagation
e)Upper hand Foundation
-Offers education
-Charity to the needy.
f)Banbean Cultural and Development Organization

-Offers construction and developments.
g) Zimbabwe Halawu Council
-Focus on Islamic dietry.
-Do charity works for the Muslims and non-Muslims.
h) Zimbabwe Muslim Association(ZIMMA)
-Offers rural education and rural humanitarian aid.
i) Islamic Education Trust
-Offers education
j) Zimbabwe Muslim Youth Organization (ZIMMYO)
-Offers youth empowerment
k)The Call TV
-Youth dialogue and empowerment
l)Red Crescent
-Offers ARVs
-Medicine
-Health Care facility
m) Islamic Women Organization
-Offers women empowerment
-humanitarian services offered
Question 19: Analyse the contribution of lslam to social development in Zim
*Providing youth empowerment
*Drilling boreholes.
*Provide solar system
Question 20: Examine types of the Humanitarian Services offered in lslam.
*Zakat
*Hajj
*Waqf done at a large scale
*Sadaq providing scholarship

*Kafar providing with clothes or food
Question 21: Explain the Islamic Concept of Good Governance.
a) Ashurah
-A chapter found in the Quran/Koran which contains the teachings on how leaders must behave.
b)A leader who fears and respect Allah and Prophet Muhammed.
c)The Caliph /Caphtor
-A King is selected by a Caliph /Caphtor.
d) A visionary leader.
e)An Honesty leader.
f) Accountability
g) Transparency
h) Justice and fairness
i)Not a tyrranical ruler
-Allah loveth not agressors
j)A consultant leader.
k) Effective and Efficient
l) Reliable
Question 22: Assess the challenges of Islamic perception on Governance
Candidates are required to list the weakness or problems associated with the Islamic Concept of
Governance
a) Democracy
-In some Islamic states, the leadership is usually a Monarchy.
-The way the Monarchy is selected is not democratic.
b)Sometimes the Monarchy has absolute powers which can prevent the participation of people or the
freedom of choice or will.
c)Most Islamic leaders during the Slave Trade in Africa, they promoted Slave Trade which undermined
the right to life.
d)The Mandinka State had a King who had absolute power.

e)Some leaders can be tyrranical rulers interested in wars e.g the Jihadists.
f) Accountability and Transparency can also lack in the event that a leader is corrupt or misuse funds.
HOWEVER SIDE
-Al-Amana represents good governance or faithful leadership.
Question 23: Explore the meaning of Jihad
-Jihad means to strive ,to struggle for the good cause of Allah.
-Any struggle in life which is aimed at producing something good is a Jihad.
-Jihad is not only limited to war for there are various kinds of Jihad.
-There are many types of Jihad for example
ai)Internal Jihad
-This is when one strives to know and do the will of Allah .
*To put into action all Allah's teachings .
b)Jihad strive to teach people about Islam.
c)It involves enduring the persecution that one might face in the journey of preaching Islam.
d)It also involves one being able to shun evil to avoid temptation and sinning.
e)There is a Jihad of fighting against the fleshly desires.
f)The Jihad of fighting evil spirits.
ii) Verbal Jihad
*In the verbal this is when one seeks justice through words and non-Violent actions.
*Muhammed encouraged Muslim to demand justice in the name of Allah.
*When he was asked ,"What kind of Jihad was better?" and he replied ,"A word of truth in front of an
oppressive ruler". This means that verbal jihad is supposed to be used in order to seek justice.
iii)Physical Jihad
*Also known as the military Jihad.
*This involves collective armed defense.
*It is a war and not a Holy War.
*Military Jihad is only permissable only if is in self defense.
g)Jihad is seen when it is strengthening Islam.

h)Protecting the freedom of the Moslems to practice their faith .
i)When protecting the Muslim against oppression
j)When punishing an enemy who breaks an oath.
k)When putting right and wrong.
l)Not permissable when it is to force people to convert to Islam.
m)To conquer nations and colonise them.
n)When one takes a territory for economic gains.
o)It is not a way of settling disputes.
p)Not allowed when one wants to demonstrate his power.
q)It must not be launched by a religious leader.
r)It is however misunderstood to be considered to be a Holy War and also a tool which promotes
terrorism and has made islam to be considered as a violent religion.
Question 24: To what extent does Islam promote violence.
a)Physical millitary Jihad is permitted in the Quran as Muslim are allowed to enter into war inorder to
promote their rights and justice.
Effects of War
*Loss of lives
*Leads to Violence
*Loss of property
*Leads to terrorism
*They are Jihadists who engage in suicide bomb attacks e.g Boko Haram, Mandinka State, Osama Ben
Laden etc.
b)The idea of men being allowed to beat up women especially their wives.
c) The punishments found in Islam are violent in nature.
HOWEVER SIDE.
a) A religion that promotes peace.
b)Their greetings when they meet Al-Salam-Alei-Kum as they will be saying Allah himself is a God of
peace.
Question 25: Evaluate the importance of Jihad.
*A tool to fight tyrranical leadership
*Promotes justice
*An act of humanitarian service for they fight for the marginalised, disadvantaged, oppressed
*Jihad promotes respect for others beliefs.
*Promotes affirmative faith in Allah
*Dependents the Koran and the teachings of Prophet Muhammed.
*Guards against the manipulation of resources and environment for personal and selfish use by
outsiders.
*Promotes a monotheistic worship
*Promotes equality.
Question 26: Explain Conflict Transformation.
-This is an idea of trying to solve issues, disputes, conflicts using non-violent means.
-islam has moved from a stage of employing violent means to solve their disputes.
-There are several methods or modes of confict transformation has been adopted by Muslims for
example:
*Forgiveness
*Reconciliation
*Arbitrators
*Mediators
*Peace treaties
*Apologising
*Compromising
*Settling in courts
*Dialoguing
Question 27: Evaluate the meaning of Marriage in the Koran.
-Marriage is a union between two people.
-Marriage is a union that is ordained by Allah.

-It is the will of Allah for people to get married.
-Marriage in Islam should be between man and woman not homosexual marriages.
-Men are allowed to marry non-Muslim but women are not allowed to be married by a non-Muslim
men.
-Men can marry up to 4 wives whereas a woman only 1man.
-Marriage in islam should be arranged by the families however one is not forced into the marriage.
-During the arranged marriage has been conducted ,they are not allowed to be seen in private together.
- Dating and courtship is not allowed.
-One can decide if he or she wants to accept the alliance or not.
-The engagement which involves the man paying the bride price called Mahar as a token of appreciation
and not being bought.
-The women presents a gift to the men.
-Sexual intercourse is not allowed even after the engagement but only after their union together.
-The wedding ceremony called Walima which takes place the night after the couple has spent together.
-it is not allowed to be an expensive ceremony but a simple ceremony.
-Witnessess are required to be present during the ceremony.
-A man when he divorce his wife in Islam, he is not allowed to marry her again before the divorced wife
gets married to another man and is divorced again
-Man have several responsibilities in marriage as they are required to maintain the wife by providing
with financial and physical support.
Question 28: Assess the importance of Marriage.
*Procreation
*Companionship
*Will of Allah
*Provide with moral and comfort.
*For sexual gratification.
*Reduces sexual morality sins
*A panancea to STls and AIDs.
*To create wealth

*For peace treaties.
Question 29: Marriage is a center of oppression. Evaluate this view.
To a lesser extent
*Women are beaten for insubordination.
*Accompanied by a make companion wherever they want to go.
*Polygamy
*Seek consent of divorce.
*Custody of children always goes to the husband.
HOWEVER SIDE
*Maintain her maiden name .
*Right to education
*Take up leadership positions.
*Right to vote.
*To keep their own profits. to education
*Take up leadership positions.
*Right to vote.
*To keep their own profits.
[1/20, 15:27] +263 77 351 5490: FAMILY AND RELIGIOUS STUDIES 6074/1
Paper 1 INDIGENOUS RELIGION AND JUDAISM
TIME 3 hours
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Answer FOUR questions.
Answer at least ONE question from each of the sections A and B.
Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided.
If you use more than one sheet of paper, fasten the sheets together.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
All questions in this paper carry 25 marks.
You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers.
Section A
Indigenous Religion
⛷️Discuss the concept of God in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Explain the attributes of God.
⛷️Discuss the challenges involved in establishing the existence of spirits.
⛷️Discuss the concept of ancestors in Indigenous Religion.
- they are forefathers of a clan or nation
- communicate with the living
- they can be difficult and have active interest in the life of their living relatives
- they are feared and respected
- to qualify as an ancestor, the deceased must have been elderly, mature and morally upright
- people worship God through their ancestors
- female elders of the family are transformed into very powerful ancestral spirits when they die
Roles of ancestral spirits
- they give warnings cautions to the living relatives through dreams and visions
- they punish wrongdoers
- they heal the sick
- they help leaders to hide or disappear at times of need
- they bring trouble in times of difficulty
- they strengthen the army
- they protect people against witchcraft

- they protect the weak, disadvantaged and orphans
- they wipe away deadly diseases affecting both people and their animals
⛷️Discuss the importance of totems in Indigenous Religion.
- are referred to as family name or clan
- they show history (origins) of the clan
- help people know their historical background
- they are a family's pride, they determine people's destiny
- they are a guardian of people's lives
- they identify behaviour
- basis for social identification to the clan
- encourage solidarity and unity, encouraging harmony and respect
- have a religious function, kurova guva is led by a person of the same totem with the deseased
- basis for socialisation
- regulate marriage (help avoid exogamous marriage)
- solving conflicts
- basis for dividing roles and responsibilities
- regulate the environment (conserve nature)
However, nowadays totems seem to be no longer signifying and portraying personal and community
identification due to culture dilution
- totems have lost significance due to mixed or intermarriage of people from different races, eg blacks
and whites to bear coloureds
⛷️Discuss taboos and their significance in protecting the environment.
* taboos are moral sanctions that help in shaping a person's virtue (unhu) and protect the environment
in the community
- prohibition of cutting down sacred trees such as muhacha reduces deforestation, shelter and habitats
for animals
- eating animals that represent one's totem is prohibited, leading to the conservation of wildlife
- pollution of sacred places such as pools, forests is not allowed. This promotes tourism and
conservation of pools (hygiene)
- fetching water using a black (dirty due to burning of fire) is not allowed. This keeps the environment
clean and thus protects acquatic life.
- excreting on the road is prohibited. This helps keep the environment clean (hygiene)
- selling wild fruits is prohibited. This helps to keep food for wild animals
- incest is prohibited. It's a direct provocation of ancestral spirits. This leads to failure of rain. Rain is
good for every living organism.
- hunting taboos conserve nature
- eating pangolins is a taboo. It's a preserve for chiefs and Kings. This helps reduces extinction of
pangolins.
- sacred places, rivers and mountains
⛷️Discuss the importance of sacred places in Indigenous Religion
Sacred places are places which are set apart from daily activities. It is where the hierophany manifests.
- M Eliade defines sacred places as axis mundi ,a meeting point between God and people.
- axis means the convergence point or rallying point.
- The term mundi means earth,in simple terms,it is on the sacred places that the spiritual manifests
- examples of sacred places are choto, chikuva, makuva, chinhoyi caves, Matonjeni, Matopos hills,
Mutiusinazita, Great Zimbabwe monuments and Njelele shrine to mention a few.
- sacred places are almost everywhere. They are found in our homes,water bodies,and the Land
environment.
Functions of sacred places
- Religious functions:
- such places are used as rain inducing centers. They are pilgrimage centers where the local community
frequently visit to get spiritual and human inspiration. Any talk about the community union with the
spiritual world achieved its apex when rituals are conducted on these places.
- social functions:
- such places were designed for celebration within the communities. Celebrations or rituals such as
Mukwerera were done on these places. Chief coronation were done and finalized on these sacred
places. The decision making assembly, Zumwe for most chiefs was located on sacred places.
- Political:
- since sacred places are the burial places for the forbearers of the land, inspiration related to land
revolution and spiritual reforms were mooted from sacred places. Most political decisions that were
taken by chiefs were usually born out of the directions presented to the chiefs by the voice from sacred
places.In this way, sacred places play an important political role to the lives and experiences of the
communities around tplace
Economic functions:
- sacredd places are used as the economic harbor of traditional societies. Most of the gold mined, salt
collected etc that communities had at their disposal were kept at sacred places. They are also used as
tourist attractions centers
- Ecological function:
- sacred places are also used to protect the environment. People are not allowed to cut down trees and
thus protect the enviroment. M NYORE
⛷️Identify/Assess/Evaluate the different ways of communicating with spirits.
- dreams
- visions
- divination (bone-throwing)
- home-bringing ceremonies (kurova guva)
- mediumship
- rainmaking ceremonies
- praising a spirit (kupembedza shavi)
- omen interpretation
- astrology
- palm-reading
⛷️Explore the functions of spirits in Indigenous Religion.
Ancestral spirits
- guide the family
- they protect their relatives against evil spirits, witchcraft and harmful magic
- help identify and initiate the traditional healer
- they act as intermediaries between God and people
- warn the living against any form of bad works such as incest, dishonest, etc
- heal the sick
- reward the good and punish wrong doers
- they bring fortunes
- they ensure wealth
Avenging spirits
- cause pain, panic, and punishment to a family, mostly because of unsolved and unresolved issues and
grudges.
- can cause disability and even mysterious death
- can torment the family of the perpetrator.
Hunting spirits
- possess the hunter before he goes out in search of his quarry.
- guide the hunter as to which animals he wants to catch
⛷️Identify/Examine symbols in Indigenous Religion. (Deduce/Interpret the significance of symbols in

Indigenous Religion.)
- music and dance communicate sorrow, grief, birth, anointing of a king and approaching of the rain
season
- African clothing speak volumes about the richness of African culture
- drums communicate, celebrate, mourn and inspire

- the corpse is housed in the traditional kitchen
- communication with the ancestors is done in the traditional kitchen
- totems guard against incest among clan and family members
- ritual masks are worn by someone who would become a medium
- reed mate are important. People sit on it when communicating with ancestors; a coffin is placed on it
- rusero is significant
- claypots are of Paramount importance
⛷️Explain/Analyse the concept of life after death.
⛷️Examine rituals associated with life after death.
⛷️Discuss/Explore evidence of life after death in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Explain the practice of mediumship.
⛷️Delineate/Discuss observances and ethical principles of mediums.
⛷️Discuss/Debate the criteria of distinguishing true and false mediums.
⛷️Explain/Examine the concept of mediumship.
⛷️Identify early and contemporary mediums.
Early mediums - Chaminuka, Nehanda, Thobela
Contemporary - Mushore, Nemamwa, Tangwena
⛷️Assess the interaction between early mediums and white settlers.

⛷️Discuss the suppression of indigenous religious institutions, citing examples.
⛷️Critique/Assess the role of mediums in the Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe
⛷️Discuss/Evaluate the nature of family relations in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Identify ethical aspects that affect family relations in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Evaluate/Discuss the importance of ethical conduct in shaping family relations in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Explain/Discuss the concept of respect in Indigenous Religion.
- In Indigenous Religion, respect is known as unhu
- it's a humanist philosophy which focuses on people's allegiances and relations with each other
- this has to do with human behaviour in given situations
- people do not exist in isolation, munhu munhu nekuda kwevanhu
- Louw (1998) suggests that the concept of unhu defines the individuals in their several relationships
with others and stresses its importance as a religious concept
- those who uphold the principle of unhu throughout their lives will, in death, achieve a unity with those
living
- this means that those who die having upheld the concept of unhu will join the ancestral (spiritual)
world and will be venerated and can be trusted with the duties and the roles of ancestors worthy of the
title
- in retrospect, unhu can be translated as "humanity towards others"
- it's an appreciation of traditional beliefs and a constant awareness that an individual's actions today
are reflections on the past and will have far reaching consequences for the future
-A person with unhu knows his place in the universe and, consequently, will be able to interact
gracefully with other individuals
- people are able to judge the society from where a person is coming by judging the individual's
behaviour
- Samkange (1980) places an emphasis on 3 maxims which shape the philosophy of unhuism:
. To be human is to recognise the humanity of others, and on that basis, establish respectful relations
with others
. In a decisive choice between wealth and preservation of the life of another human being, one should
opt for the preservation of life
. The King owes his status, including all his powers associated with it, to the will of the people under him.
NB: unhuism the social, political, economic and religious life of an individual.
Unhu has to be displayed at all times in all circumstances.
⛷️Discuss/Evaluate/Assess the value of respecting elders in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Identify/Discuss elements that enhance communal life in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Discuss/Evaluate/Assess/Examine elements that negatively affect communal system in Indigenous

Religion.
⛷️Identify/Explore the types of marriage in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Explain/Discuss pre and post-marital rites in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Explain/Discuss the nature of divorce (and it's causes) in Indigenous Religion.
* Divorce is a legal or customary decree that marriage is dissolved.
- Unfaithfulness (prostitution)
- marriage at an early age
- short period of courtship and dating before marriage
- discovery of loss of virginity at the first consumation
- disapproval of marriage by relatives and friends

- barrenness (infertility)
- limited economic resources (unemployment)
- presence of children at the beginning of the marriage
- being highly or lowly educational qualification
- poor communication
- poor hygiene
- infidelity or sexual immorality among other things
- disrespect of each other
NB: Try to give a solution (way) to minimise each cause of divorce, such as:
- couples should be groomed (informal education)
- pre and post-marital rites
- avoiding cohabitation
- marriage must be taken at community level
- bride price must be paid by parents and other relatives must attend the ceremony
- satisfaction in bed
- divorce procedures must be made difficult
- kupindira
⛷️Examine/Highlight the procedures of facilitating divorce in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Examine/Discuss the status of women in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Identify/Explain/Analyse/Evaluate factors which promote or hinder women's progress in Indigenous

Religion.
⛷️Evaluate the involvement of women in politics in Indigenous Religion.
(Analyse women's participation in politics in Indigenous Religion.)

⛷️Identify/Explain/Analyse/Evaluate factors which promote or hinder women's progress in politics.
⛷️Explain/Discuss the concept of land in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Assess (Analyse the concept of) the land ownership in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Examine/Discuss the reverence for nature in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Analyse/Explain/Discuss human kinship with nature in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Identify (Explain/Assess the significance of) the sacred phenomena in the natural environment.
⛷️Analyse taboos that protect the natural environment.
(Discuss taboos and their significance in protecting the natural environment.)
⛷️Discuss/Explain the values on (Discuss the ways of) wealth creation in Indigenous Religion.
Identify/Examine the prohibited ways of wealth creation.
# wealth creation is the activity of creating a business or businesses.
-alien spirits confer talents upon individuals
- traditional healing, zvipeto, tokens of appreciation
- hunting, meat and animal skins
- production of artifact
- tilling land, millet, rapoko and sorghum
- keeping livestock
- mining
- craft work, beads, pottery (making traditional instruments)
- (Trade) selling traditional instruments such as reedmats, drums, hoes,
- playing traditional instruments
Prohibited ways of wealth creation

- use of magic or supernatural powers (goblins or zvikwambo)
- use of bad ways such as (divisi) to obtain high yields
- prostitution or cheating
- obtaining wealth through social ills such as witchcraft
- kuromba
- stealing
- false prophecy (tsikamutandas)
⛷️Analyse the concept of health in Indigenous Religion.
⛷️Identify areas of indigenous life that are included under health.
Physical, mental, spiritual and sexual aspects of life can lead to good or ill-health
- Agriculture - people are encouraged to grow traditional crops such as rapoko, millet and sorghum to
ensure good health
- Spiritually, diviners should do cleansing (exorcism) ceremonies in the community (using charms)
- rites of passage need to be observed
- Death, the bereaved must be consoled or counselled to ensure good health
- Hygiene, homes should be kept clean to ensure good health
- sexual misconducts, such as adultery can lead to spread of diseases
- going against taboos that protect springs, waterfalls, etc can attract illness in a family or community
- witchcraft causes illness
- offering sacrifices and prayers to the Supreme Being ensures good health
- consulting religious practitioners when one is not feeling well is encouraged.
- bathing ensures good health
- eating clean and nutritious traditional food is encouraged
- angering ancestral spirits can lead to illness
- bad ways of wealth creation can lead to illness

⛷️Delineate the relationship between the spiritual world and healing. Discuss ways in which the spiritual
realm influences the healing practice.
- ancestors in the spiritual world choose religious practitioners
- they give them knowledge of how to heal
- religious practitioners derive their powers from the spiritual world
- healing methods are given to the traditional healers by the spirits
- the spiritual world helps diviners to interpret bone-throwing
- the spiritual world offers protection to the human world, hence ensuring good health
- the spiritual world communicates with the spirit mediums through dreams and visions
- the spiritual world provides rains and other goodies to ensure good health
- the spiritual world can punish and forgive wrongdoers, hence provide good health
- the spiritual world instructs traditional healers
- diseases can be brought to the human world as a form of punishment
⛷️Examine methods of healing in Indigenous Religion. (Highlight the religious practitioners involved and
tools used in each method.)
- Diviners interpret characteristics of bones in consulting the spiritual world to ascertain the cause of
misfortunes
- herbalists give and prescribe traditional medicines to those in need
[1/20, 15:27] +263 77 351 5490: *⛱️simple formula for academic achievement in Family and Religious
studies Alevel!!*⛱️
*▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬*
*[ ⚡Monday 15/06/20⚡]*
*🧲Topic one: Authority of the Bible*
🚰The Bible as the word of God. (Internal evidence and external)
🚰The Bible as the inspired of God ( theories of inspiration)
______________________________________________
*Questions afternoon lessons*
*🐒1)*"Words of God expressed in human words" how valid is this assertion I'm the authority of the
Bible for Christians.
*🐒2)* How can you explain that the Bible records untrue statement of men ??
*🐒3)* To what extent is the Bible inspired?
*▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬*
*🧲Lesson 2*:Relationship between the old and the new testament
🚰 Background of the two testaments
🚰 Similarities
🚰 Differences
🚰the perceptions of Zimbabwean churches on the two testaments
__________________________________________________________
Student questions:
*1)🐒* Discuss the difference between the old and the new Testament
*2)*🐒 "The continuation of the old in the new " How valid is this assertion on the relationship between
the old and the new testament??
*▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬*
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[1/20, 15:27] +263 77 351 5490: "precanonical prophets in lsrael defended human rights"Discus
Human rights means justice so the assumption in the question is tht non writing prophets fought for
justice to prevail. Therefore side A is tht yes they did fight for justice eg Moses liberated the Israelites to
fight for their ryt to freedom, Nathan attacked David concerning Uriahs wife to fight for the ryts of the
ruled poor citizens, Elijah attacked Ahab on Naboths issue to fight for the ryts of the poor citizens, Moses
was a judge who judged matters inorder to make sure tht justice prevails so did Moses at Mizpah, Ahijah
divided the kingdom to fight fir the ryts of the oppressed Israelites under Solomon
Side b
However there are also situations when they let go the ryts of the pple unattended eg Moses killed an
Egyptian and fled from Egypt, Samuel left Israel under his unscrupulous sons as judges but they were
unfair judges.
Conclusively it is to a greater extend tht they defended human ryts.
NB so the idea is to look for incidents where they fought for justice not just where they acted to help
people. Where they helped like Elisha in most of his miracles is called social work.
We don mix with canonical ppts when the question is specific wth a particular era or prophetic period.
[1/20, 15:27] +263 77 351 5490: QN "Amos deserve to be regarded as a prophet of doom" Examine this
view .To what extent do Zimbabwean church leaders warn people ?(25) -pt 55
DIVINITY REVISION QUESTIONS | 29 JUNE 2016
COMMENT OVERVIEW
The country prophet "Amos" in this case is regarded as a prophet of doom. Amos have been given
different names. Some labeled him as a madman. Scholar Vauld concluded that Amos was a poet. It is
prudent at this stage to remember that Israelites never regarded Amos as a prophet of doom because
the bible our primary source doesn't say so .Therefore, this will lead one to suggest that scholars were
responsible for coining the name .
- Most students tend to conclude that "Israelites regarded Amos as a prophet of doom "If we to
agree ,then will be making violence on a plain language .[check my argument ].
- Dr Thomas Constable define doom as a message of destruction whereas U.S.A English dictionary
defines doom as countable historical A judgment or decision
An impending severe problem or danger that seems inevitable. Or a feeling of danger, impending
danger, darkness or despair
- This will help us to understand Amos.
ANSWERS
- Amos can be regarded as a prophet of doom because of his oracles concerning Israel and surrounding
nations .The surrounding nations such as Gaza,Edom,Moab,Tyre ,e.t.c were condemned because of their
sins [I once wrote an article concerning sins of the nations and punishment]. Amos used the catch words
"For three transgressions and for four I will not revoke the punishment" This indicates that Yahweh was
not going to loosen the punishment which he had imposed to the Israelites ,this is recorded in Amos 1:3-
2:6.As, such one will be left with no choice but to suggest that Amos deserve to be regarded as a
prophet of doom.
- The similes and metaphors which Amos used to deliver his message bear elements of destruction, this
is valid when one closely analyze Amos 1:2 "motto" ,Amos 2:11-13,Amos 3:8 and Amos 3:12 .The above
biblical references contain the message of destruction, hence ,one will be forced to suggest that Amos
deserve to be regarded as a prophet of doom.
- Amos used a songs to deliver his message of destruction. The songs which Amos used had elements of
doom ,this has led number of authors and authoress to label it as a "funeral dirge "Amos believed that
Israel's destruction was inevitable, this is recorded in Amos 5:2 and Amos 5:16 This has been further
supported by scholars like Constable in his Amos notes page 55 who submitted dirge was a song which
was sung at funeral's friend ,hence Israelites were going to mourn .As such this validate that Amos
- Amos believed that during the day of the lord ,it will be day of destruction and endless weeping.
[Remember the Israelites expected joy during the day of the Lord].The visions of Amos had elements of
destruction [we all know the visions of Amos ].The above points can be supported by Amos 5:18 and
Amos 7:1 to chapter 8.All this augment the view that Amos deserve to be regarded as a prophet of
doom .
N.B There are so many points which can be added

HOWEVER PART
It can be argued that Amos doesn't totally deserve to be regarded as a prophet of doom ,as there are
some elements of hope in his book .For instance in Amos 5:4 "seek me and live" This indicates that those
who repented survived ,hence disqualifying the view that Amos can be regarded as a prophet of doom.
~Hope in last chapters of his book can be added even though some scholars doubt that Amos authored
these chapters [What remains is that the bible doesn't tell us that later editors wrote this chapter
beware ] ~In Amos 3:12 and Amos 7:2 there are some elements of hope ,hence ,Amos does not totally
- In Zimbabwean context, number of so many prophets have delivered messages of warning. This is true
in the case of the story of Emmanuel Makandiwa which was recorded by Chronicles,
Bulawayo24.com,Newsday in 2015 warning the Zimbabwean leaders to build bigger prisons as he had
foresaw the economic meltdown. Therefore, this proves to us that Zimbabwean prophets deliver the
message of warning.
Number of points can be added ,Local newspapers will assist us
HOWEVER PART
There are some prophets in Zimbabwe who deliver a message of destruction /punishment[Remember
there is difference between warning and punishment]. The story of the prophet "Major Provovo man of
style" Uebert Angel who delivered two visions ["My vision to hell and Heaven"]
There are so many points which can be added
QUESTION DEMANDS
- Examine the validity of the statement and showing extent.
[1/20, 15:27] +263 77 351 5490: Kindly click the link below👇🏼
https://wa.me/263774425724
*A LEVEL FAMILY AND* *RELIGIOUS STUDIES*
*NAME :- GENERAL P*
*A LEVEL F.R.S WITH PROFESSOR ONLINE PLATFORM*
*Discuss the various theories surrounding the origins of prophecy in Israel*
There are two broad theories surrounding the origins of prophecy in Ancient in Israel. Thus this is a
contested debate among scholars. Some say prophecy originated as a borrowed phenomenon from the
ANE whereby the other say prophecy in Israel was unique. Greatly the first borrowed theory was
supported by stories and evidence of different legends taken from the ANE. Basing on the unique
theory; it was subdivided into theories like evolutionary and traditional theories explaining the origins of
prophecy supported by Biblical evidence. However it is important to note that these theories have got
their weaknesses and strengths. Much of this will be outlined below.
Firstly, the origins of prophecy in Israel were greatly based on external sources. This is because there
are features of prophecy that are similar to that of Israelite prophecy observed in the ANE. According to
J.Pritchard; prophecy in Israel was borrowed. This is evidenced by the legend of Wen- Amon. A certain
youth experienced ecstasy on arrival of Wen Amon to look for timber to built a Temple for his God. It is
believed the Youth summoned the Prince of Mesopotamia to accept the request of Wen Amon in
ecstasy state. Thus scholars concluded prophecy was borrowed in the ANE as seen in the youth who
experienced ecstasy, forthtell as well as had prophetic authority similar to Israelite prophecy. However
this theory is seen as biased. Basing on ecstasy which is seen as a feature of false prophecy not true
prophecy.Thus discrediting the theory.
Moreover, Prophecy in Israel is as a borrowed phenomenon. This is supported by the features that were
observed in the prophets of the ANE. These prophetic type persons are believed to have been called
seers and man of God as given by Mari Texts which is also similar in Israelite prophecy. For instance,
Samuel and Gad were called a seer whereas Elijah was referred to as the man of God. Thus basing on
this prophecy was borrowed. However it is a religious blunder to ignore that although there are these
features. From the ANE evidence, there is not enough data, bareground on the prophetic type persons
which is different from
Israel. Thus discredits this theory.

Furthermore, The evidence seen taken from the surrounding areas proved prophecy as a borrowed
phenomenon. Taking into account the legend of Zimri- Lim. The King of Mesopotamia was given a
message from a god by a seer in the form of an oracle in which the seer had experinced ecstasy. This
oracle reviewed that the King was given the throne by the deity. Basing from this evidence of prophetic
activity, these were also similar features of prophecy in Israel, that is ecstacy, the title seer, the oracles
form and in content. Adding more, In Israel, prophets always confirmed that kings were given a throne
by Yahweh similar and as done in the ANE. Therefore, this shows prophecy in Israel was borrowed from
the ANE. However, this evidenced faces criticism. This is because from this legend, there is not enough
information to explain the origins of prophecy, even so in Israel prophets advocated for monotheism
which was different to the ANE. Thus discrediting the borrowed theory.
To supplement, the origins of prophecy had also been based on the unique theory. Supported by Biblical
evidence and scholars. In this case prophecy was born in Israel and had no foreign origins. The
evolutionary sub theory support this debate. It is believed the office of a prophet evolved from that of a
seer as in 1 Samuel 9 vs 9. This thus had provided conclusions that prophecy was born in Israel with
Samuel. Adding on, the emergence of a monarchy led to the rise of prophecy in the time of of Samuel.
Therefore in this case, prophecy was unique in Israel. However it is not fair to ignore the fact that some
prophets in Israel were also called prophets at the same time as seers. This gives scholars a base for
debating on the different use of those titles between Samuel and Gad. Adding more, it has been
whether Samuel originated with prophecy as his rise was also supported by the downfall of Eli
priesthood. Thus discredits the theory.
Striking forward to the destination, the Uniqueness of prophecy in Israel is also based on the traditional
theory. This is when basing this on the case of covenants.God communicated his covenants to the
people of Israel through prophets. Prophets were messengers of Yahweh. Taking into consideration
Moses, on Mount Sinai.
The characteristics of speaking to the people as well as passing the message of Yahweh and his
commands is tangible evidence from the Bible that prophecy in Israel was unique. However this theory
is strongly criticised. This is so because there are so many traditions in the Bible on covenants and most
of them are not linked to prophecy. This thus creates a question why? Adding more, Mount Sinai is also
called Kadesh and is said to be a cultic centre of Moses uncle inlaw. This also gives a debate on the
origins of prophecy on this Mount as it is associated to many traditions. Thus discredit the unique
theory.
In a nutshell, it is clear from the above discussion that the origins of prophecy in Israel is a contested
terrain basing on that prophecy was greatly borrowed as well as the unique theory taking into account
the above analysis. However, it is important to note, that theories have got their strength and
weaknesses as the justice given to the above essay.
*Mark 76%*
Comment, a well balanced essay , fair introduction and a focused essay.
*For F.R.S Online lessons, inbox Mr Weluzani @ 0774425724*
[2/2, 17:00] +263 71 657 5230: *‘Without Samuel, prophecy would never have begun; without Elijah,
prophecy would have died.’ How far do you agree?* by Zivave W @ 0773902626
Samuel lived in a time of radical change, and was at the centre of it, so candidates might make some of
the following judgements:
• the Samuel narrative begins with a note that the word of Yahweh was “rare in those days” (1 Samuel
3:1), so it was Samuel who revived it, so in that sense Samuel marked a new beginning for prophecy
• the circumstances of Samuel’s birth & call suggest that he had a particularly special prophetic mission,
hence the ‘newness’ of his prophetic word.
• Samuel seems to have been involved in the development of the role of seer into that of the nabi: 1
Sam.9, in which case his developed prophetic status was perhaps given to him in order to help him cope
with the affairs of Israel. Again, this marks a beginning in terms of a new type of prophecy.
• F.M. Cross sees the origins of prophecy in Israel in connection with the development of the monarchy.
Since Samuel oversaw the anointing of the first two monarchs, then on this view Samuel would be the
first prophet.
Candidates are likely to argue that despite these points, the Bible suggests that prophecy began with
other figures, primarily Moses, but also Abraham, for example.
Elijah had archetypal importance, e.g. at Sinai in connection with election, covenant, salvation, law,
revelation of God, etc.
• as with Samuel, Elijah revived contact with God and vision
• his dealings with Ahab and Jezebel, and the threat to Yahwism from worship of Baal & Asherim / the
power of Yahweh manifested in the drought / the contest on Carmel and the destruction of the Baal
prophets, establishing that Yahweh, and not Baal, is Lord of the heavens
• the transfer of his prophetic role to Elisha, continuing the prophetic control over kingship, thus
seeking to guarantee the preservation of Yahweh worship and of Yahweh-prophets.
Some might argue that Samuel was as responsible as Elijah for preserving prophecy. The rise of the
monarchy can be seen as a political necessity in response to the Philistine threat. Israel might have
ceased to be a nation had the Philistines conquered their territories, in which case Yahweh worship
would have ceased also, so Samuel’s actions ensured the survival of both Yahwism and Yahweh-
prophets. A case is sometimes made for Elijah as the first ‘real’ prophet in connection with the threat
from Jezebel and Baal-prophets. Credit all attempts at reasoning in connection with the question.

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[1/19, 14:20] +263 71 630 1579: Question and Answer Islam Revision

Question 1:Concept of Allah

a) They believe in the oneness of Allah.

b) A God without partners.

c) Allah has no family.

d) Unique to his creation.

e) He has no place or time, noone knows where he stays, his origins .

f) He has no form or shape.

d) Merciful- Righteous/ Holy one

Question 2: Identify the 5 Pillars

-This is the confession of Faith.

-It is mentioned once in one's lifetime.

- It gives a full membership either immediately dying or after birth.

-It contains the 6 Articles of Faith which are:

b) Believe in one God Allah.

c) Believe in Faith and Destiny.

d) Believe in Angels e.g Angel Jibreel)

e) Believe in the Holy Books.

f) Believe in Prophet Muhammed as the last Prophet(PBUH).

c) Brings one to be close to Allah.

-This is the pillar of prayer.

-Pray 5times a day.

- The first prayer conducted before Dawn is called the Fajr.

- Recitation of the first verses by the prayer leader the lmam .

- Different postures must be done.

* Purifies one's soul.

* Prevent one from sinning.

* Brings reverence from Allah.

* Improves the faith of the believer.

- it is obligatory and paid annually.

- Any capable person is obligated to pay at least 2.5%.

# Brings one closer to Allah.

# Purifies one's wealth.

# Bridges the gap between the poor.

# Avoids one from being greedy.

# Brings the spirit of compassion towards brothers.

# Promotes oneness and unity.

- Known as the fasting pillar.

- Fasting from morning to sunset.

- Abstain from food, drink ,sexual intercourse.

-During this time, they put the same type of clothes.

* Prayers are answered.

* Prevent one from sinning.

-lt is the pilgrimage to Mecca.

- It is a journey that is undertaken by one in his /her lifetime.

- Women are to be accompanied by males to the Mecca.

- Acts of charity are done there.

- Throwing of pebbles at Jamurati pillars.

- Going around the Ka'ba for 7times.

- Slaughtering of the animal which is done in 3portions.

- The first portion sacrificed to Allah.

- The second one given to the poor.

- The third will eat.

* Economic benefits to the people of Mecca.

* One goes to paradise.

- Shariah is an Islamic term which means law.

- it constitutes the bold of rules and laws.

- lt contains the punitive laws or disciplinary measures towards the offenders.