Delhi Technological University

Optical communication
EC407

Assignment 2

Submitted by : Submitted to :
Name : Abdelrahman Abdelsalam Dr. Yashna Sharma
Roll no.: 2k20/EC/04
Contents
Suggestions: .................................................................................................................................... 3
Scenario 1 : .................................................................................................................................. 3
The Optical Fiber: ....................................................................................................................... 3
The Optical Source: ..................................................................................................................... 3
Encryption and error correction units/systems : .......................................................................... 5
Specification Sheets: ................................................................................................................... 5
Purchasing Links: ........................................................................................................................ 5
The financial budget : .................................................................................................................. 6
The Justification: ......................................................................................................................... 6
Scenario 2 .................................................................................................................................... 6
The optical source ....................................................................................................................... 7
Specification Sheets: ................................................................................................................... 8
The financial budget : .................................................................................................................. 8
Justification ................................................................................................................................. 9
specification sheets :.................................................................................................................... 9
 • Scenario1 : A high-bandwidth (~GHz to THz) is desired on a link length (>1000km), such that
the transfer of the information should have a very low rate of error. The primary use of this network
is to transfer sensitive defence-type data (think about security!). There is ample financial flexibility
available.

• Scenario 2 :A moderately high bandwidth (>100MHz) is desired on a link length (>2000

km) at a price which should be affordable by multiple customers. The primary application of this
network is to provide internet data to users in an academic institution (think that cost will be divided
amongst multiple users, but should still be affordable).

Suggestions:

Scenario 1 :

The Optical Fiber:

1. Type: low attenuation coefficient(>0.18 dB/km at 1550nm) Single-mode fiber (SMF) .

2. Diameter of the core: 9 μm.
3. Diameter of the Cladding: 125 μm
The Optical Source:

1. Type: External modulation optical laser transmitter as an optical source.

2. Wavelength of the source : 1550 nm
 Fig(1) : External modulation optical transmitter

Fig(2) : Corning SMF-28 Ultra Single-Mode Optical Fiber roll (1km/Roll)

Encryption and error correction units/systems :

Implementing the encryption and error correction systems is important for securing the sensitive defense
data through out the optical communication network , while the modern error correction methods like the
Forward error correction (FEC) algorithm can maintain the data accuracy over the extended fiber
length . ther encryption and error correction systems can fortify the the system against unauthorized
access and errors .

Specification Sheets:

• Single-mode fiber:
https://www.corning.com/media/worldwide/coc/documents/Fiber/SMF-
28%20ULL.pdf
• External modulation optical laser transmitter
https://www.mehtagroup.net/Content/img/products/pdf/Inotech%20Optical%20Tr
ansmitter.pdf

Purchasing Links:

• Single-mode fiber:
• https://www.fiber-mart.com/corning-smf28%C2%AE-ultra-singlemode-optical-
bare-fiber-per-km-p-17400.html?language=en
• External modulation optical laser transmitter:
https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/1550-external-modulation-optical-
transmitter-9-dbm-17059665762.html
The financial budget :

The following table shows the total financial budget for scenario (1) :

Component Cost
Single mode fibre (1000km) 88 USD/km = 88,000 USD (1000km)
External modulation optical laser transmitter 1,85,00 Rs = (2221 USD)
Quantum key distribution encryption system 5,000$-20,000$
Total financial budget Approx.. = 100,221 USD

The Justification:

The utilization of the single mode fibre that has a low attenuation coefficient (0.18dB/km at 1550nm) will
ensure that the signal can travel long distances without significant degradation in the signal quality. Also
the 9 μm core diameter will provide a good balance b/w the bandwidth and the attenuation.
The External modulation optical laser transmitter has a high property, reliability and cost-effective . it gives
high modulation bandwidth and excellent performance, making it suitable for relitevly higher-speeds, long
transmission distances . also The 1550 nm wavelength is the standard for long optical communication due
to its low attenuation in silica-based fibers.

Scenario 2 : providing internet to an academic institution :

In this scenario we shall consider affordability , link length of 2000km and a moderately high
bandwidth (>100Mhz).
A suitable choice for the fibre might be the standard single mode fibre (9/125 um) , which can
offer the following specifications :

• Good bandwidth for internet data transmission.

• It’s capable of long transmission (>2000km).
• And it’s relatively affordable for an academic institution.

The optical source :

A cost effective and also efficient choice for the optical choice could be the Distributed Feedback
Laser Diode , these types of lasers offers the following :

• It’s compatable with the standard single mode fibre and more suitable for long distance
transmission (1550nm).
• Reasonable price for the intended application .

Fig(3): Distributed feedback laser diode

Given the distance of 2000km in our optical communication system , we shall place an optical
amplifier at around 80km of the fibre length to maintain the a consistent signal strength and
mitigate attenuation effects due to long distance.

Specification Sheets:

Single mode fibre : https://www.agendaage.hu/dok/unio/unicbl_fiber_sm_2-12.pdf

Distributed feedback laser

:https://www.optoscience.com/maker/gooch/pdf/EM4_1550nm_100mW_DFB.pdf

Purchasing Links:

Standard single mode fibre : https://www.thorlabs.com/thorproduct.cfm?partnumber=SM980-5.8-125

Distributed feedback laser diode : https://www.laserdiodesource.com/shop/1550nm-10mW-DFB-

Laser-AeroDiode

The financial budget :

Component Estimated cost

Single mode fibre (9/125 um) 6.57 $ /meter = 13,140$ (2000km)

Distributed feedback laser diode 1195$
Erbium doped fibre amplifier (one each 80km) 550$/unit = 13750$ (25 units)
, we need 25 unites for distance of 2000km
16 channel mux-demux 387 $
Total budget : 28,472 $
Justification :

The standard single mode optical fiber has been chosen for it’s affordability , cost effectiveness.
also it meets the bandwidth requirements and it’s usually used for long distance communication
and data transmission ,making it suitable for the academic institution .
The distributed feedback laser diode is used as an optical source for it’s ability to emit stable
wavelength ensuring reliable data transfer over long distance (>2000km) , it also enables the
transmission of high frequency signals(>100mhz) with relitevly minimal distortion . with it’s
reliability and cost effectiveness it represents an optimal choice for sustaining the signal
operational efficiency .

specification sheets :

scenario-1 :
• single mode fibre :
https://www.corning.com/media/worldwide/coc/documents/Fiber/SMF-
28%20ULL.pdf
• External modulation optical transmitter :
https://www.mehtagroup.net/Content/img/products/pdf/Inotech%20Optical%20Tr
ansmitter.pdf
• Cost Effective QKD System Developed By NIST:
https://www.nist.gov/itl/cost-effective-qkd-system-developed-nist

scenario-2:

• Single mode fibre :

https://www.agendaage.hu/dok/unio/unicbl_fiber_sm_2-12.pdf
• Distributed feedback laser
:https://www.optoscience.com/maker/gooch/pdf/EM4_1550nm_100mW_DFB.pdf
• EDFA : https://www.viavisolutions.com/en-us/literature/erbium-doped-fiber-amplifier-
medfa-c1-data-sheets-en.pdf