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    PLD Experiment 5

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    Cef Llamelo
    1. The document discusses conditional statements in C++ using if, else if, and else. It explains how each statement works and provides examples of code using each statement. 2. If/else statements allow for executing different blocks of code based on if a test expression is true or false. Else if allows checking multiple conditions. 3. Ternary operators provide a shorthand for if/else statements using a ?: syntax to assign a value based on a condition.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    PLD Experiment 5

    Uploaded by

    Cef Llamelo
    4 views7 pages
    1. The document discusses conditional statements in C++ using if, else if, and else. It explains how each statement works and provides examples of code using each statement. 2. If/else statements allow for executing different blocks of code based on if a test expression is true or false. Else if allows checking multiple conditions. 3. Ternary operators provide a shorthand for if/else statements using a ?: syntax to assign a value based on a condition.

    Original Title

    PLD EXPERIMENT 5

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    1. The document discusses conditional statements in C++ using if, else if, and else. It explains how each statement works and provides examples of code using each statement. 2. If/else statements allow for executing different blocks of code based on if a test expression is true or false. Else if allows checking multiple conditions. 3. Ternary operators provide a shorthand for if/else statements using a ?: syntax to assign a value based on a condition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    4 views7 pages

    PLD Experiment 5

    Uploaded by

    Cef Llamelo
    1. The document discusses conditional statements in C++ using if, else if, and else. It explains how each statement works and provides examples of code using each statement. 2. If/else statements allow for executing different blocks of code based on if a test expression is true or false. Else if allows checking multiple conditions. 3. Ternary operators provide a shorthand for if/else statements using a ?: syntax to assign a value based on a condition.

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    Lab 5: Conditional Statement: IF/ELSE Statement

    5.1 Introduction
    C++ if Statement

    if (testExpression)

    // statements

    The if statement evaluates the test expression inside parenthesis.


    If test expression is evaluated to true, statements inside the body of if is executed.
    If test expression is evaluated to false, statements inside the body of if is skipped.

    How if statement works?

    Flowchart of if Statement

    Above figure describes the working of an if statement.


    Example 1: C++ if Statement

    PROGRAM # 5.1

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    int main()

    int number;

    cout << "Enter an integer: ";

    cin >> number;

    // checks if the number is positive

    if ( number > 0)

    cout << "You entered a positive integer: " << number << endl;

    cout << "This statement is always executed.";

    return 0;

    Output 1

    Enter an integer: 5

    You entered a positive number: 5

    This statement is always executed.

    Output 2

    Enter a number: -5

    This statement is always executed.

    C++ if...else

    The if else executes the codes inside the body of if statement if the test expression is true and
    skips the codes inside the body of else.
    If the test expression is false, it executes the codes inside the body of else statement and skips
    the codes inside the body of if.

    How if...else statement works?

    Flowchart of if...else

    Example 2: C++ if...else Statement

    PROGRAM #5.2

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    int main()

    {
    int number;

    cout << "Enter an integer: ";

    cin >> number;

    if ( number >= 0)

    cout << "You entered a positive integer: " << number << endl;

    else

    cout << "You entered a negative integer: " << number << endl;

    cout << "This line is always printed.";

    return 0;

    Output

    Enter an integer: -4

    You entered a negative integer: -4.

    This line is always printed.

    C++ if...elseif….else

    The if...else statement executes two different codes depending upon whether the test expression is
    true or false. Sometimes, a choice has to be made from more than 2 possibilities.

    The nested if...else statement allows you to check for multiple test expressions and execute different
    codes for more than two conditions.

    Syntax of if...elseif….else

    if (testExpression1)

    // statements to be executed if testExpression1 is true

    }
    else if(testExpression2)

    // statements to be executed if testExpression1 is false and


    testExpression2 is true

    else if (testExpression 3)

    // statements to be executed if testExpression1 and testExpression2 is


    false and testExpression3 is true

    else

    // statements to be executed if all test expressions are false

    Example 3: C++ if...elseif….else

    PROGRAM # 5.3

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    int main()

    int number;

    cout << "Enter an integer: ";

    cin >> number;

    if ( number > 0)

    cout << "You entered a positive integer: " << number << endl;
    }

    else if (number < 0)

    cout<<"You entered a negative integer: " << number << endl;

    else

    cout << "You entered 0." << endl;

    cout << "This line is always printed.";

    return 0;

    Output

    Enter an integer: 0

    You entered 0.

    This line is always printed.

    Conditional/Ternary Operator ?:

    A ternary operator operates on 3 operands which can be used instead of a if...elsestatement.


    Consider this code:

    if ( a < b ) {

    a = b;

    else {

    a = -b;

    You can replace the above code with:

    a = (a < b) ? b : -b;
    The ternary operator is more readable than a if...else statement for short conditions.

    5.2 Prelab
    1. Execute PROGRAM #5.1 and explain.
    2. Execute PROGRAM #5.2 and explain.
    3. Execute PROGRAM #5.3 and explain.

    5.3 Lab Procedure

    1. Write a program that will execute a simple calculator program.


    2. Write a program of a simple ATM machine

    5.4 Sample Output


    Output 1

    Input First Number: 1


    Input Second Number: 4
    MENU:
    [1] ADD
    [2]SUBTRACT
    [3]MULTIPLY
    [4]DIVIDE
    Operation: 1
    Sum is 5

    Output 2

    MENU
    [1]Balance Inquiry
    [2]Deposit
    [3]Withdraw
    [4]Balance Inquiry
    Transaction: 1
    Current Balance: 0
    ………
    Transaction: 2

    Enter Deposit Amount: 100


    Current Balance: 100
    ………
    Transaction: 3

    Enter Withdraw Amount: 50


    Current Balance: 50

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