Electrical Machines (EE2L003) Assignment -1

1) A three-phase Δ-connected six-pole winding is installed in 36 slots on a stator. There are 150 turns of wire in
each slot of the windings. All coils in each phase are connected in series. The flux per pole in the machine is 0.060
Wb, and the speed of rotation of the magnetic field is 1000 r/min.
(a) What is the frequency of the voltage produced in this winding?
(b) What are the resulting phase and terminal voltages of this stator?
2) A three-phase four-pole synchronous machine has 96 stator slots. The slots contain a double-layer winding
(two coils per slot) with four turns per coil. The coil pitch is 19/24.
(a) Find the slot and coil pitch in electrical degrees.
(b) Find the pitch, distribution, and winding factors for this machine.
(c) How well will this winding suppress third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and eleventh harmonics? Be sure to
consider the effects of both coil pitch and winding distribution in your answer.

3) A three-phase four-pole winding of the double-layer type is to be installed on a 48-slot stator. The pitch of the
stator windings is 5/6, and there are 10 turns per coil in the windings. All coils in each phase are connected in series,
and the three phases are connected in delta. The flux per pole in the machine is 0.054 Wb, and the speed of
rotation of the magnetic field is 1800 r/min.
(a) What is the pitch factor of this winding?
(b) What is the distribution factor of this winding?
(c) What is the frequency of the voltage produced in this winding?
(d) What are the resulting phase and terminal voltages of this stator?
4) A three-phase Y-connected six pole synchronous generator has six slots per pole on its stator winding. The
winding itself is a chorded (fractional pitch) double-layer winding with eight turns per coil. The distribution factor
Kd = 0.956 and the pitch factor Kp = 0.981. The flux in the generator is 0.02Wb/pole. and the speed of rotation is
1200 rpm. What is the line voltage produced by this generator at these conditions?
5) A three-phase Y-connected 50 Hz two-pole synchronous machine has a stator with 18 slots. Its coils form a
double-layer chorded winding (two coils per slot) and each coil has 60 turns. The pitch of the stator coils is 8/9.
(a) What rotor flux would be required to produce a terminal (line-line) voltage of 6kv?
(b) How effectively are coils of this pitch at reducing the fifth-harmonic component of voltage? The seventh
harmonic component of voltage?

6) What coil pitch could be used to eliminate the seventh-harmonic component of voltage in ac machine armature
(stator)? What is the minimum number of slots needed on an eight-pole winding to exactly achieve this pitch? What
would this pitch do to the fifth harmonic component of voltage?

7) A 13.8-kV Y-connected 60-Hz 12-pole three-phase synchronous generator has 180 stator slots with a double-
layer winding and eight turns per coil. The coil pitch on the stator is 12 slots. The conductors from all phase belts
(or groups) in a given phase are connected in series.
(a) What flux per pole would be required to give a no-load terminal (line) voltage of 13.8 kV?
(b) What is this machine’s winding factor kw

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8) A three-phase 60-Hz two-pole induction motor runs at a no-load speed of 3580 r/min and a full-load speed of
3440 r/min. Calculate the slip and the electrical frequency of the rotor at no-load and full-load conditions. What is
the speed regulation of this motor?

9) A 4-pole machine has 60 slots and conductors per slot. The total flux per pole is 20mwb. For a relative speed of
1500 rpm b/w field flux and armature winding. calculate the generated armature voltage if the machine is a 3-phase
star-connected machine with a winding factor equal to 0.96. All the turns in each phase are in series.

10) Calculate the fundamental, third, and fifth harmonic belt factors for a stator having
(a) 54 slots,3 phases,6 poles
(b) 48 slots, 3 phases,6 poles with narrow spread winding.

11) For a 3-phase winding with a coil span of 1600, determine the distribution and winding factors in case the
winding has a phase spread of 1200. Take the three-phase winding
(a) To be uniformly distributed and
(b) To have 9 slots per pole.

12) 480-V 50-Hz, Y-connected, six-pole synchronous generator has a per-phase synchronous reactance of 1.0 Ω. Its
full-load armature current is 60 A at 0.8 PF lagging. This generator has friction and windage losses of 1.5 kW and
core losses of 1.0 kW at 60 Hz at full load. Since the armature resistance is being ignored, assume that the I2R losses
are negligible. The field current has been adjusted so that the terminal voltage is 480 V at no load.
(a) What is the speed of rotation of this generator?
(b) What is the terminal voltage of this generator if the following are true?
1. It is loaded with the rated current at 0.8 PF lagging.
2. It is loaded with the rated current at 1.0 PF.
3. It is loaded with the rated current at 0.8 PF leading.
(c) What is the efficiency of this generator (ignoring the unknown electrical losses) when it is operating at
the rated current and 0.8 PF lagging?
(d) How much shaft torque must be applied by the prime mover at full load? How large is the induced
counter torque?
(e) What is the voltage regulation of this generator at 0.8 PF lagging? At 1.0 PF? At 0.8 PF leading?
13) Would you expect a 400-Hz generator to be larger or smaller than a 60-Hz generator of the same power and
voltage rating? Why?

14) At a location in Europe, it is necessary to supply 1000 kW of 60-Hz power. The only power sources available
operate at 50 Hz. It is decided to generate the power using a motor-generator set consisting of a synchronous motor
driving a synchronous generator. How many poles should each of the two machines have in order to convert 50-Hz
power to 60-Hz power?

15) The internal generated voltage EA of a Y-connected, three-phase synchronous generator is 14.4 kV, and the
terminal voltage VT is 12.8 kV. The synchronous reactance of this machine is 4 Ω, and the armature resistance can
be ignored.
(a) If the torque angle of the generator δ = 18°, how much power is being supplied by this generator at the
current time?
(b) What is the power factor of the generator at this time?
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(c) Sketch the phasor diagram under these circumstances.
(d) Ignoring losses in this generator, what torque must be applied to its shaft by the prime mover?
16) A 480-V, 250-kVA, 0.8-PF-lagging, two-pole, three-phase, 60-Hz synchronous generator’s prime mover has a no-
load speed of 3650 r/min and a full-load speed of 3570 r/min. It operates in parallel with a 480-V, 250-kVA, 0.85-
PF-lagging, four-pole, 60-Hz synchronous generator whose prime mover has a no-load speed of 1800 r/min and a
full-load speed of 1780 r/min. The loads supplied by the two generators consist of 300 kW at 0.8 PF lagging.
(a) Calculate the speed droops of generator 1 and generator 2.
(b) Find the operating frequency of the power system.
(c) Find the power being supplied by each of the generators in this system.
(d) What must the generator’s operators do to adjust the operating frequency to 60 Hz?
(e) If the current line voltage is 460 V, what must the generator’s operators do to correct for the low
terminal voltage?

17) A 480-V, 60-Hz, 400-hp, 0.8-PF-leading, eight-pole, Δ-connected synchronous motor has a synchronous
reactance of 0.6 Ω and negligible armature resistance. Ignore its friction, windage, and core losses for this problem.
Assume that |EA| is directly proportional to the field current IF (in other words, assume that the motor operates in
the linear part of the magnetization curve), and that |EA| = 480 V when IF = 4 A.
(a) What is the speed of this motor?
(b) If this motor is initially supplying 400 hp at 0.8 PF lagging, what are the magnitudes and angles of EA
and IA?
(c) How much torque is this motor producing? What is the torque angle δ? How near is this value to the
maximum possible induced torque of the motor for this field current setting?
(d) If |Ea| is increased by 30 percent, what is the new magnitude of the armature current? What is the
motor’s new power factor?

18) A 230-V 50-Hz, two-pole synchronous motor draws 40 A from the line at unity power factor and full load.
Assuming that the motor is lossless, answer the following questions:
(a) What is the output torque of this motor?
(b) What must be done to change the power factor to 0.85 leading? What will the magnitude of the line
current be if the power factor is adjusted to 0.85 leading?

19) A 208-V, Y-connected synchronous motor is drawing 50 A at unity power factor from a 208-V power system.
The field current flowing under these conditions is 2.7 A. Its synchronous reactance is 1.6 Ω. Assume a linear open-
circuit characteristic.
(a) Find Vϕ and EA for these conditions.
(b) Find the torque angle δ.
(c) What is the static stability power limit under these conditions?
(d) How much field current would be required to make the motor operate at 0.80 PF leading?
(e) What is the new torque angle in part (d)?

20) A synchronous machine has a synchronous reactance of 1.0 Ω per phase and an ar-mature resistance of 0.1 Ω
per phase. If EA = 460 < -10° V and Vϕ = 480 < 0° V, is this machine a motor or a generator? How much power P is
this machine consuming from or supplying to the electrical system? How much reactive power Q is this machine
consuming from or supplying to the electrical system?