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Tutorial and Practice Problems

This document contains 6 practice problems related to fluid mechanics. Problem 1 involves flow through a converging nozzle and calculating acceleration. Problem 2 deals with a 2D velocity field and computing streamlines and values at a point. Problem 3 expresses the continuity equation in Cartesian and polar coordinates. Problem 4 involves finding the appropriate circumferential velocity given radial velocity. Problem 5 finds the appropriate function f(y) that satisfies continuity for a given 3D velocity distribution. Problem 6 involves the boundary layer over a flat surface and calculating maximum velocity.

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Pranshul Sesma
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34 views

Tutorial and Practice Problems

This document contains 6 practice problems related to fluid mechanics. Problem 1 involves flow through a converging nozzle and calculating acceleration. Problem 2 deals with a 2D velocity field and computing streamlines and values at a point. Problem 3 expresses the continuity equation in Cartesian and polar coordinates. Problem 4 involves finding the appropriate circumferential velocity given radial velocity. Problem 5 finds the appropriate function f(y) that satisfies continuity for a given 3D velocity distribution. Problem 6 involves the boundary layer over a flat surface and calculating maximum velocity.

Uploaded by

Pranshul Sesma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ME231 Fluid Mechanics

TUTORIAL and PRACTICE PROBLEMS 2


Week of 21st January 2024

1. Flow through the converging nozzle in Fig. P4.2 can be approximated by the one-dimensional
velocity distribution
 2x 
u  V0 1 +  v  0 w  0
 L
(a) Find a general expression for the fluid acceleration in the nozzle in vector form.
(b) For the specific case V0 = 3 m/s and L = 0.15 m, compute the acceleration, at x = 0 and L.

2. A two-dimensional velocity field is given by

V = ( x 2 − y 2 + x ) i − ( 2 xy + y ) j
in applicable units. Show that the velocity field satisfies the continuity equation  u = 0 . Hence
determine the stream function and plot streamlines.
At (x, y) = (1, 2), compute
(a) the accelerations ax and ay,
(b) the velocity component in the direction  = 30 ,
(c) the direction of maximum velocity, and
(d) the direction of maximum acceleration.

3. Express the continuity equation  u = 0 in two dimensional (i) Cartesian and (ii) polar
coordinate systems.

The velocity field near a stagnation point may be written in the form

U0 x U y
u= v = − 0 U 0 and L are constants
L L
(a) Show that the acceleration vector is purely radial.
(b) For the particular case L = 1.5 m, if the acceleration at (x, y) = (1 m, 1 m) is 25 m/s2, what is
the value of U0?

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4. For an incompressible plane flow in polar coordinates, we are given

vr = r 3 cos  + r 2 sin 

Find the appropriate form of circumferential velocity for which the mass continuity equation is
satisfied.

5. An idealized incompressible flow has the proposed three-dimensional velocity distribution

V = 4xy 2i + f ( y ) j + zy 2k
Find the appropriate form of the function f (y) that satisfies the continuity equation  u = 0 .
Hence determine the stream function and plot streamlines.

6. An excellent approximation for the two-dimensional incompressible laminar boundary layer


formed over a stationary flat surface in Fig. P4.17 is

 y y3 y4 
u  U  2 − 2 3 + 4  for y   where  = Cx1/2 , C = const
    
(a) Assuming a no-slip condition at the wall, find an expression for the velocity component
v ( x, y ) for y   .
(b) Find the maximum value of v at the station x = 1 m (at y =  ) for the particular case of
airflow, when U = 3 m/s and  = 1.1 cm.

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