Steering General

966M XE Wheel Loader B8P00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C9.3 Engine(...
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Product: WHEEL LOADER

Model: 966M XE WHEEL LOADER B8P
Configuration: 966M XE Wheel Loader B8P00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C9.3 Engine
Systems Operation
966M XE and 972M XE Wheel Loaders Power Train, Steering, Braking, Hydraulic, and
Machine Systems
Media Number -UENR3825-09 Publication Date -01/06/2015 Date Updated -06/02/2018
i07026117
General Information (Steering System)

SMCS - 4300; 5050
Illustration 1 g03556420
Hydraulic Schematic for Steering System
(1) Primary pilot steering accumulator
(2) Primary pilot steering supply on off solenoid
(3) Primary steering pilot supply gauge port
(4) Primary steering pilot check valve
(5) Right steering cylinder
(6) Left steering cylinder
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966M XE Wheel Loader B8P00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C9.3 Engine(... Page 2 of 10
(7) Steering valve

(8) Steering pump load sense gauge port
(9) Implement pump discharge gauge port
(10) Steering backpressure valve
(11) Steering cylinder workport relief and make-up valves
(12) Left redundant steering solenoid
(13) Right redundant steering solenoid
(14) Left primary steering solenoid
(15) Right primary steering solenoid
(16) Secondary steering pump and motor
(17) Secondary steering check valves
(18) Steering resolved pump pressure sensor 1
(19) Steering resolved pump pressure sensor 2
(20) Transmission pump
(21) Implement pump
(22) Steering pump
(23) Torque control valve
(24) Backpressure check valve
(25) Fan, brake, and pilot pump
(26) Fan pump outlet pressure gauge port
(27) Fan drive and brake charge valve
(28) Resolved steering pressure discharge gauge port
(29) Hydraulic Tank
(30) Directional Spool
(A) Axle oil cooling front axle return
(B) Implement return
(C) Implement pump discharge
(D) Implement and redundant steering pilot supply
(E) Implement pump load sense
(F) Front axle oil cooler supply
(G) Implement valve drain
(H) Quick coupler supply
(TFB) To park brake
(TSF) To service brake valve upper port (Front Axle)
(TSR) To service brake valve lower port (Rear Axle)
(FBP) Oil from brake pedal valve drain
Right Side View
Steering Components
(5) Steering cylinders
(7) Steering valve
(16) Secondary steering pump and motor
(17) Secondary steering manifold
(22) Steering pump (Located on right side of machine)
(29) Hydraulic Tank
(31) Implement ECM and Transmission ECM
(32) Left-Hand steering and transmission control
(33) Steering cylinder position sensors
Electronic Primary Steering Control

The machines are equipped with an electro-hydraulically controled steering system. The following
components make up the steering electro-hydraulic system:
• Implement Electronic Control Module (ECM)
• Transmission ECM
• Left-hand steering and transmission control
• Steering pump
• Steering control valve
• Steering cylinders
• Steering accumulator
• Brake and fan manifold
• Hydraulic tank
The implement ECM controls the primary steering system. The implement ECM uses a closed loop
system with cylinder position feedback in order to control the steering angle. The ECM determines
the desired steering angle based on the position of the steering axis on the left-hand joystick. The
ECM sends control signals to the primary steering valve solenoids to change the position of the
steering cylinders to achieve the desired steering angle. As the steering cylinders reach the
commanded position, the ECM will decrease the control signals to the solenoids until movement of
the cylinders are stopped. The cycle repeats as the position of the steering axis on the left-hand
joystick changes.
The implement ECM outputs to the steering valve control the primary steering solenoid valves and
the primary steering supply on off solenoid. The implement ECM receives inputs from the steering
valve position sensor based on the position of the valve spool.
When the key start switch is in the ON position, the implement ECM will turn ON the primary
steering pilot supply ON/OFF solenoid. This action will result in available pilot pressure being passed
through the primary steering solenoid valves. For more information on the implement ECM refer to
Systems Operation, "Steering Control (Control Systems)".
Left-Hand Steering and Transmission Control
(34) Speed range upshift and downshift
(35) Transmission forward, neutral, and reverse
(36) Left steering
(37) Right steering
The left-hand steering and transmission control combines the steering functions and the transmission
functions for the machine. Move the control to the left or to the right to articulate the machine.
The transmission direction switch (35) is located on the front of the control. The speed range thumb
roller (34) is located near the top of the steering and transmission control.
For more information on left-hand steering and transmission control refer to Systems Operation,
"Steering Control (Control Systems)".
Steering Pump
Left side view of machine
(22) Steering pump
The steering pump (22) is located on the left side of the machine mounted to left-side pump drive
gears. The variable displacement piston pump senses both pressure and flow requirements for the
system. The steering pump draws oil from the hydraulic tank and sends flow through the supply hose
to the steering control valve. The pump compensator valve controls pump flow and maximum system
pressure.
Steering Valve Operation
(2) Steering primary pilot ON OFF solenoid
(7) Steering valve
(12) Left secondary steering solenoid
(13) Right secondary steering solenoid
(14) Left primary steering solenoid
(15) Right primary steering solenoid
(30) Directional control spool position sensor
(39) Main steering relief valve
(40) Back-up relief valve
(41) Steering workport relief valve
The steering control valve (7) is mounted to the front of the transmission near the articulation hitch.
Directional steering control is accomplished by the actuation of the machines articulation cylinders
by the steering valve. The implement ECM is the primary control of the steering valve with the
transmission ECM being the secondary or backup in case of failure. For more information on
implement ECM and power train ECM control refer to Systems Operation, "Steering Control
(Control Systems)".
Spool Position Signal
The implement ECM receives input from the spool position sensor (30) of the steering valve (7) to
indicate the position of the steering valve spool. The ECM uses this information to help determine if
the spool of the steering valve is responding correctly to the steering control signal. For more
information on the spool position sensor refer to Systems Operation, "Steering Control (Control
Systems)".
Steering Cylinders
The steering cylinders (5) are located on the sides of the machine. The steering cylinders have an
internal position sensor. These sensors allow the implement ECM and the transmission ECM to
monitor the steering position of the steering cylinders. This signal is compared to the position of the
left-hand steering control sensor for diagnostic purposes. For more information on the left-hand
steering control sensor, refer to Systems Operation, "Steering Control (Control Systems)".
Steering Cylinder Position Sensors
The position sensors (33) of the steering cylinder are mounted on the head end of the articulation
cylinders. The position sensor provides a PWM input signal to the implement ECM and to the
machine control ECM. The left sensor is powered from the transmission ECM. The right sensor is
powered from the implement ECM. For more information on the steering cylinder position sensors,
refer to Systems Operation, "Steering Control (Control Systems)".
Pilot Steering Accumulator
(1) Steering accumulator
(43) Power train oil filter
The pilot steering accumulator (42) is located in the service bay on the right side of the machine. The
accumulator stores the pilot supply oil during normal operation and provides a temporary supply of
pilot oil if a loss of pump flow occurs.
Brake and Fan Combination Valve
The fan drive and brake charge valve (27) is located in the service center on the right side of the
machine. The pressure reducing valve (44) provides the pilot oil supply to the secondary steering
solenoids in the steering control valve. The pressure reducing valve (45) provides the pilot oil supply
to the primary steering solenoids in the steering control valve.
Hydraulic Tank
966M XE Wheel Loader B8P00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C9.3 Engine... Page 10 of 10
The hydraulic tank (29) is located behind the cab. The hydraulic tank stores and supplies hydraulic oil
to all hydraulic systems.
Copyright 1993 - 2022 Caterpillar Inc. Thu Jul 14 09:35:08 UTC+0300 2022
All Rights Reserved.
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966M XE Wheel Loader B8P00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C9.3 Engine(...

Product: WHEEL LOADER

General Information (Steering System)

(7) Steering valve

Electronic Primary Steering Control

• Implement Electronic Control Module (ECM)

• Left-hand steering and transmission control

• Steering control valve

• Brake and fan manifold

Left-Hand Steering and Transmission Control

Steering Valve Operation

Spool Position Signal

Steering Cylinder Position Sensors

Pilot Steering Accumulator

Brake and Fan Combination Valve

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