FLOW COMPUTER

MODEL 405A

405A-M-V3 Sep 2013

405A-M-V3
 CONTENTS
1. Introduction 3

1.1 Model Number Designation 4

2. Specification 5

3. Operation 7

3.1 Front Panel Operation 8

3.2 Calculation of Rate and Total 9
3.2.1 Analog Input 9
3.2.2 The Cutoff Point 10
3.2.3 Filtering 11
3.3 Total Conversion 13
3.4 The Output Pulse 14

4. Options 16

4.1 The 4-20mA Output Option 16

4.1.1 Load Specification 17
4.1.2 Calculation 17
4.2 The RS232/422/485 Interface Option 20
4.2.1 Hardware 20
4.2.2 Multipoint Communication 21
4.2.3 Communication Protocol 23
4.3 The Relay Output Option 25

5. Calibration 26

5.1 Programming the Setup Parameters 28

5.2 Programming Options 30
5.3 Checking the Input Signal 33

405A-M-V3
 6. Input Circuits 34

6.1 The Signal Input 34

6.2 Remote Switch Inputs 36

7. Installation 37

7.1 General 37
7.2 Wiring Designations for the Model 405A 39
7.3 Ex 410 Enclosure Dimensions 40

8. Trouble Shooting 41

8.1 Error Codes 41

Index 42

405A-M-V3
 Introduction 3

1. INTRODUCTION
The Flow Computer Model 405A is a microprocessor based instrument
designed to measure 4-20mA, 0-20mA, 1-5 Volt or 0-10 Volt signals from
flowmeters and pressure transducers. The instrument can be programmed
to display directly in engineering units and includes such features as linear
or square law calculation, integration and digital filtering. For open channel
flowmetering, the power of the input relationship is fully programmable.

Rate, Total and Accumulated Total can be displayed in engineering units on

the large LCD display. A front panel membrane switch selects the function
for display and a Reset button allows the Total to be reset to zero. LED's on
the front panel indicate which function is displayed.

The instrument is fully programmable, with all calculation constants set via
the front panel switches and stored in a non-volatile memory which will
retain data indefinitely. The user can program span, zero, filtering levels,
display resolution and cutoff points.

The 4-20mA, 0-20mA, 1-5 Volt and 0-10 volt input signals are isolated from
the supply rails and outputs, and may therefore float independently. This
ensures that the input will be compatible with all transmitters and can be
used in current loops which have more than one receiver.

This instrument conforms to the EMC-Directive of the Council of

European communities 89/336/EEC and the following standards:

Generic Emission Standard EN 50081-1 Residential, Commercial & Light

Industry Environment.

Generic Emission Standard EN 50081-2 Industrial Environment.

Generic Immunity Standard EN 50082-1 Residential, Commercial & Light

Industry Environment.

Generic Immunity Standard EN 50082-2 Industrial Environment.

In order to comply with these standards, the wiring instructions in Section

7.1 must be followed.

405A-M-V3
 4 Introduction

1.1 MODEL NUMBER DESIGNATION

The Model number of an instrument describes which input and output

options are installed and the AC mains voltage rating.

Model 405 A. 1 0 E B

B for Backlight
C for Conformal Coating

E for 220/240 VAC

A for 110/120 VAC
D for DC Power Only

Options
0 for no option
1 for 4-20mA output
2 for RS232/422/485
3 for Relay option
4 for 4-20mA and relays
5 for RS232/422/485 and
relays

Mounting
1 for panel
mounting
2 for field mounting
3 for explosionproof

The Model number of the instrument is displayed on first entering

the Calibration Mode (see Section 5).

405A-M-V3
 Specification 5

2. SPECIFICATION
General

Display: 6 digit LCD. 0.7" (17.8mm) high digits.

Display Update Rate: 0.25 seconds.
Transducer Supply: 8-24VDC field adjustable.
50mA maximum.
Power Requirements: 11.5 to 28.5 volts DC.
60mA typical current (no options).
AC Mains: Set internally to 95 - 135 VAC or
190 - 260 VAC.
Operating Temperature: 0 to 55°C standard.
Dimensions: 5.7" (144mm) wide x 2.8" (72mm) high x
7.0" (178mm) deep.
Cutout: 5.5" (139mm) wide x 2.6" (67mm) high.

Analog Input

Input: 4-20mA, 0-20mA, 1-5 Volt or 0-10 Volt.

The input circuit is floating and isolated
from the power supply and outputs.
Span: 0.1000 to 50000.0000.
Zero: 0.0000 to 50000.0000.
Accuracy: 0.075% of full scale.
Self-Calibrating: An internal reference is sampled every 10
minutes. Temp Coefficient is 40 ppm/C.
Aging is 20ppm/1000 Hrs.
Integration: The rate is integrated with a timebase
selectable to be in days, hours, minutes or
seconds.
Cutoff: A cutoff point can be set below which the
rate is not integrated.

405A-M-V3
 6 Specification

Relay Outputs

Maximum Switching Power: 1250VA.

Maximum Switching Voltage: 250VAC, 30VDC.
Maximum Switching Current: 5 Amps.

4-20mA Output

Resolution: 10 bits.
Accuracy: Better than 0.05%.
Maximum Load: 500 ohms internally powered.
950 ohms from 24VDC.
Isolation: Output is isolated.

Pulse Output

Pulse Width: 10mSec (negative going pulse).

Maximum Duty Cycle: 49 pulses per second.
Output: An open collector transistor will sink
100mA.
Scaling: The pulse output is scaled and outputs
one
pulse each time the accumulated total
increments.

405A-M-V3
 Operation 7

3. OPERATION

The Model 405A uses a low power CMOS microprocessor to perform all
control functions and calculations.

The instrument is fully programmable with all operating parameters

and calculation constants user programmable. (See Section 5
entitled "Calibration" for information on programming.) All
parameters and constants are stored in a non-volatile memory which
retains data without battery backup for a minimum of 10 years.

A block diagram of the instrument is shown below.

4-20 mA 4-20 mA
4-20mA Option
( 0 - 2 0 m A) Out put

Signal
RS232/422 RS232/422
Common
Option Out put

0-10 V Relay High & Low

1-5 V Option Relay Output

Pulse
Out put
Model 405A
Flow Alarm

DC Input Power
1 10 / 22 0 V DC Power Ground
AC Mains
DC Power to sensors

405A-M-V3
 8 Operation

3.1 FRONT PANEL OPERATION

The display will normally show the Rate or resettable Total, as selected by
the RATE or TOTAL keys on the front facia. An LED in the key panel will
light to indicate which function is currently displayed.

The DISPLAY key can be used to display the Accumulated Total. On the first
press of the DISPLAY key, the display shows ACCTOT for one second followed
by the actual total. The Accumulated Total continuously totalises the flow
and is not resettable from the front panel.

On reaching the maximum displayed total, all totals will roll over to zero
and continue totalising. If, at any time, power is lost or the instrument is
switched off, the totals will be stored in the non-volatile memory. When
power is switched back on to the instrument, the stored totals will be
recalled from memory and the totals will be incremented from the last
values.

405A-M-V3
 Operation 9

3.2 CALCULATION OF RATE AND TOTAL

3.2.1 Analog Input

The flowrate, R, is calculated as follows:

R = SA + C if the linear relationship is

selected.
R=S A+C if a square law relationship is selected.

or R = SA n + C if an open channel relationship is

selected.

where A = the input value.

S = the span.
C = the zero.
n = a variable power which can be programmed between
0 and 9.999.

At the minimum input (ie 4mA, 0mA, 1 Volt or 0 Volts), A = 0, and at the
maximum input (ie 20mA, 5 Volts or 10 Volts), A = 1.

The Span, S, can be set during calibration anywhere in the range of 0.1000
to 50000.0000 and the Zero value C, set in the range 0.0000 to
50000.0000.

The Span, S, can be selected to display rate in any units desired, such
a litres/minute or kilograms/hour. This also means that the Total will
be displayed with the same unit of volume, ie litres or kilograms.

Note that when the input signal drops below 3.5mA (4-20mA input) or
0.875V (1-5V input), a signal error will occur. The instrument will beep and
the display will alternate between the current total and the word "SIGNAL".

405A-M-V3
 10 Operation

3.2.2 The Cutoff Point

Because many transducers do not always exactly transmit 4mA (0mA, 1 Volt
or 0V) when they are at zero rate, it is often necessary to define a rate
below which no integration takes place. This is termed the cutoff point and
is programmed as a percentage of the Span, S.

For example, if S = 2200 kg/min with an offset of 100 kg/min in a square

law system, and the cutoff point is set at 20.0%, the actual cutoff rate Rc
can be determined as follows:

The cutoff rate is defined as:

Rc = 2200 A + 100

At 20% cutoff,

Rc = 2200 x 0.2 + 100

= 540 kg/ min
The value of A which would produce this cutoff
is:

A = 0.04 (since 0.04 = 0.2)

and the input signal would be:

I = 16mA x 0.04 + 4mA

= 4.64mA

Note that integration will not occur if A=0 (ie 4mA, 0mA, 1 Volt or 0 Volts),
even with an offset programmed.

405A-M-V3
 Operation 11

3.2.3 Filtering

Frequency fluctuations caused by pulsating flow through a flowmeter,

often makes the Rate impossible to read with any precision.

The Flow Computer has a digital filter which will average out these
fluctuations and enable the Rate to be read to four digit accuracy. The
degree of filtering is fully programmable which means that highly accurate
and stable readings can be obtained without excessive lag.

When the Rate is retransmitted via the 4-20mA output, the filtering will
also average out any fluctuations on the output.

The diagram below shows a pulsating signal input together with the effect
of filtering.

Rate

Filtered Response

Unfiltered Response

Time

As a guideline to the degree of filtering to be used, the following table shows

the response to a step change in input. The value, A, is the filter constant
which is programmed during the Calibration routine. The times for the
display value to reach 90% and 99% of full swing are given in seconds, for
different values of A.

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 12 Operation

A 90% 99%

1 0 0
2 1 2
4 2 4
6 3 6
10 5 11
15 8 17
20 11 22
25 14 28
35 20 40
45 25 51
60 34 69
75 43 86
90 52 103
99 57 113

Table 1 - Response to a step Input (in seconds).

Note that if A is set to 1 there is no filtering of the input signal.

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 Operation 13

3.3 TOTAL CONVERSION

The Total Conversion feature enables the rate to be displayed in one

engineering unit (eg. gallons/minute) and the totals to be displayed in
another engineering unit (eg. barrels).

The Scaling Factor is always programmed in the unit relating to Rate and
The Total Conversion constant is a division factor which can be used to
convert the totals to the different unit. The Total Conversion factor affects
the net, accumulated and gross totals, and is limited between 0.01 and
2000.

For Example.

If the Rate is required in gallons per minute:

1. The Scaling Factor would be programmed as pulses per gallon

2. The timebase would be programmed as minutes

If the Totals are required in barrels:

3. The Total Conversion factor is programmed as 42 (there are 42

gallons in a barrel). All totals will now totalise in barrels.

Some common units are given below together with the Total Conversion
constant (TOTCON) which should be programmed.

Rate* Totals TOTCON

Gallons (US)/ Barrels (oil) 42.000
Litres/ Kilolitres 1000
ml/ Litres 1000
Mgallons/ Acre-feet 0.32587

* Units per second, minute, hour or day. The timebase is programmed

separately during Calibration.

405A-M-V3
 14 Operation

3.4 THE OUTPUT PULSE

An OUTPUT PULSE is available on terminal 10 for driving remote counters

and produces a pulse each time the Accumulated Total increments by one
digit.
For example, if the Accumulated Total has a resolution of 0.01 gallons, a pulse
is produced each 0.01 gallons.

The pulse is a current sinking pulse of approximately 10mSec produced by

an open collector transistor and can sink up to 100mA. The maximum
pulse rate is limited to 49 pulses per second and the resolution on the
accumulated total must be set so that the accumulated total increments at
less than 49 counts per second.

Note that due to the uneven pulse output spacing on this output, the pulse
output cannot be used to drive rate indicators.

405A-M-V3
 Operation 15

Connection of Output Pulse is as follows:

Relay or
Impulse Counter

5.6 ohms 10
33V
Zener

12
DC Supply

Driving an External Relay or Impulse Counter

DC Supply 11
Out (8-24V)
External Load
Resistor 10K
Logic Input
5.6 ohms 10
33V
Zener
12

Driving a Logic Input such as a PLC or Electronic Counter

405A-M-V3
 16 Options

4. OPTIONS NB. Version 3 Models Only

4.1 THE 4-20mA OUTPUT OPTION

The 4-20mA output option provides an analog output of rate of 4-20mA

current. All output signals are electrically isolated from the instrument
power supply and signal inputs to ensure minimum interference. The 4-
20mA is directly proportional to the displayed rate.

Either 2 wire current transmission is available with the loop powered

internally, or 3 wire transmission from an external loop supply.

A block diagram of the output is shown below and various methods

of interconnection are outlined on the following pages.

NB. Diagram refers to Version 3 Models Only

Version 3 Models can be defined by having plug-off green terminals

DC to DC
Convertor T erminal

+15V 24
23

Digital to
22
Analog
Convertor

Opto-Isolation Amplifiers 0V 20

-15V 21

405A-M-V3
 Options 17

4.1.1 Load Specification

Maximum load which the output can drive:

Internally powered loop: 500 ohms

Externally powered: R = (V-5)/.02
where V is the external loop voltage
R is the maximum load in ohms.

4.1.2 Calculation

Parameters relating to this option are programmed when calibrating

the instrument (see section 5) and provide for:

Defining the rate which is equivalent to 4mA.

Defining the rate which is equivalent to 20mA.

By being independently able to set the output range, the instrument

can effectively be programmed to amplify the input signal. In driving
chart recorders, for example, this enables the output to zoom in on
a particular operating area, instead of having to display the full
operating range of the transducer.

For example, 4mA may be set as 0 litres/min and 20mA as 100/litres.

However, the user could set 4mA as representing 100 litres/min and 20mA as
representing 120 litres/min.

For rates or displayed values above and below the maximum and
minimum values the output will remain at its 20mA or 4mA level
respectively.

It should be noted that the output will be updated every 0.25 seconds in
unison with the display and, between updates, the output value is constant.

405A-M-V3
 18 Options

NB. Diagram refers to Version 3 Models Only

Version 3 Models can be defined by having plug-off green

terminals

+15V 24
Link
23
I(+)
I(-) Load
22
500 ohm
maximum
Amplifiers 0V 20
-15V 21 *

* For driving impedance loads over

500 ohms use terminal 21

Two Wire Transmission (Internal Supply)

405A-M-V3
 Options 19

T erminal

+15V 24
23
I(+)
I(-)
22

Load
Amplifi ers 20
0V
-15V 21
External Supply
of 23 to 30 VDC

Three Wire Transmission (External Supply)

405A-M-V3
 20 Options

4.2 THE RS232/422/485 INTERFACE OPTION

With this option installed, the circuits for both the RS232 and RS422/485
are provided as standard. They can be used to interface to both printers
and computers, and a number of standard protocols are built into the
instrument.

4.2.1 Hardware

The following diagram provides an overview of the RS232/RS422/RS485

communications hardware. All three interfaces are available on the rear
terminal strips and the user can select either one by making the appropriate
connections.

The RS232 interface is primarily used with printers or for simple

communication with a computer over a short distance. The RS422 and RS485
interfaces are used for communication over a long distance or in applications
requiring multipoint communication.

24 (+)
RS422 Out
23 (-)

26 (+)
RS422 In
25 (-)

21 Data In
RS232
22 Data Out

27 CTS

20 Ground

405A-M-V3
 Options 21

4.2.2 Multipoint Communication

Multipoint Communication is a system whereby a number of instruments can

be addressed over a dual twisted pair interface. Up to 32 instruments can
be connected to a common bus using the RS422 and RS485 interfaces as
shown below.

To convert the RS422 interface to an RS485 interface, the RS422 (-) Data In
Terminal must be connected to the RS422 (-) Data Out Terminal and the
RS422 (+) Data In Terminal must be connected to the RS422 (+) Data Out
Terminal.
These connections will convert the RS422 4 wire interface to the RS485 2
wire interface, as shown in figure 2.

Each instrument can be programmed with a unique address which is used by

the Master Controller (ie IBM/PC) to identify each instrument. The
Controller will send the address down the line and will alert the relevant
instrument.
Subsequent software protocol will control the flow of data between the
Controller and the Instrument.

Load T wisted Pair

120 ohms

Load
Host
120 ohms
Computer

400 Series 400 Series

Instrument Instrument

Figure 1 RS422 Interface

405A-M-V3
 22 Options

T wisted Pair

+ Load
120 ohms
Host
Computer -
Gnd

- + Gnd - + - + G n d -- +
In Out In Out
400 Series 400 Series
Instrument Instrument

Figure 2 RS485 Interface

405A-M-V3
 Options 23

4.2.3 Communication Protocol

The RS232/422/485 option has a real time clock and enables the time and
date to be set and printed on tickets. The date format can be European
(days/months/years) or USA (months/days/years), while the time is on a 24
hour clock.

A battery backup is provided. The battery will typically need replacing every
two years or more frequently if extended power downs are a feature of the
installation. Battery type is a CR2032 coin cell.

All new instruments are supplied with a ‘pullout battery life protection tab’
Please do not remove the tab until you are ready to install and apply
power to the instrument.

The baudrate, parity and word length can be programmed during calibration
and the user must ensure that these correspond to the setting on the printer
or computer with which the 405 is communicating.

The software protocols can be selected during Calibration to provide

standard interfaces to a number of printers and computers. Since other
interfaces will continue to be added, the user should consult the manual
"The RS232/422/485 Communications Option for the 400 Series, Version 2",
for the latest protocols and printer drivers.

Printer

A ticket is printed each time the RESET key is pressed. The instrument
prints the ticket before resetting the resettable total. Protocols are
provided to drive the following printers:

1 Standard Computer Printer (Note that the printer must have

an RS232 Serial Interface).
2 EPSON CTM290 Slip Printer.
3 Model 624 Roll Printer.
4 EPSON TM290-2 Slip Printer.
5 Contrec Model 632-2 Printer.
6 Syntest SP-210 Printer.

The tickets can also be printed with a number of different units, including
litres and gallons. The units are selectable from a pre-programmed list.

405A-M-V3
 24 Options

A CTS input is provided, and will prevent the instrument from transmitting
any further characters to a printer if the printer buffer is full. The CTS input
is usually connected to the "Data Buffer Full" output from the printer.

If the printer buffer is large enough to handle the message output from
the instrument, then this input need not be used and should be left
unconnected.

Computer

The instrument receives and transmits messages in ASCII, with all

command strings to the instrument terminated by a carriage return.
While replies from the instrument are terminated with a carriage return
and a line feed.

Xon/Xoff protocol is also supported, and the instrument will

automatically determine if the message sent by the host computer is
preceded by an Xoff character. If it does recognise an Xoff as the
first character of a command string,
the instrument will automatically switch to Xoff/Xon protocol, and begin &
end all messages with Xoff and Xon characters respectively. Xoff/Xon
protocol is only available when the RS232 interface is selected.

During Calibration, the instrument can be programmed to operate in a

full duplex or half duplex transmission mode. In full duplex mode, all
commands sent to the instrument will be echoed back to the host
computer. In half duplex, the commands are not echoed.

For more information on the computer interface please consult the manual
"The RS232/422/485 Communications Option for the 400 Series, Version 2".

405A-M-V3
 Options 25

4.3 THE RELAY OUTPUT OPTION

The Relay output option consists of two Form C relays which can be
preset during calibration to energise when the rate or displayed value
exceeds or drops below the preset values.

The "low" relay is energised whenever the rate is below the preset value, and
the "high" relay is energised whenever the rate exceeds the preset value.
The preset values are programmed during calibration as described in section
5.

34 Normally Open

Relay 1
35 N o r m a l l y Cl o s e d
Low Alarm

36 Common

31 Normally Open

Relay 2 32 N o r m a l l y Cl o s e d
High Alarm

33 Common

405A-M-V3
 26 Calibration

5. CALIBRATION
The Calibration routine enables the Setup Parameters to be programmed, as
well as enabling the input signals to be checked.

The calibration routine can be entered in two ways:

1 By connecting a wire link (or switch) to the rear terminal

strip across terminals 1 and 2 or,

2 By pressing the TOTAL key and, while still holding, pressing the
RESET key. Both keys must then be held for approximately 6
seconds. This second method of access can be disabled during
the calibration so that it is only possible to enter the calibration
routine via the link across terminals 1 and 2.

The key switch actions are as follows:

RATE will change a flashing digit, to the next digit.

TOTAL will increment a flashing digit or change

a parameter selection.

RESET will reset a flashing digit to zero.

DISPLAY (Program) will step through the program sequences.

Note that the arrows in the Rate and Total key switches indicate that
these switches can be used to change and increment digits respectively.

In stepping through the program sequence, the Parameter Description is

always displayed first, followed by the actual value or parameter. When a
value or parameter can be changed, it is always shown as flashing, and the
LED's in the switch panels are lit if that key switch can be used to change a
value.

405A-M-V3
 Calibration 27

On first entering the Calibration routine, the display will show the Model
number followed by:

CAL Setup Program parameters.

Options Options (if installed).
Test Check Input Signals.
End Exit to Normal Operation.

The user can toggle between these modes using the TOTAL switch and by
using the DISPLAY switch, select the appropriate mode.

To exit Calibration, step through the Setup program or Test program until
the end, and press the DISPLAY switch when End is displayed, (ensure the
calibration link is removed).

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 28 Calibration

5.1 PROGRAMMING THE SETUP PARAMETERS

Step Display Description Text

Ref
1 CAL Select the Calibrate mode to setup
program parameters.
OPTIONS Options (if installed) 5.2
TEST Select the test mode to check input signals. 5.3
END Exit to normal operation.
The following steps are displayed if CAL is selected.
2 RESTOT Reset all totals to zero.
xxxxxx To clear all totals (resettable total
and accumulated) press the reset key.
3 INPUT Select Input
4-20 for 4-20mA.
0-20 for 0-20mA.
1-5 for 1-5 V.
0-10 for 0-10 V.
4 SPAN The Span. 3.3.1
xxx.xx Enter the span.
5 R.BASE The Zero value.
xxx (normally 0 for most flow
6 PO. n The power of An.
Lin Select for linear input (n=1).
Sq. Rt. Select for square law (n=½).
Op.Ch Select for open channel.
If Open Channel is selected steps 7 & 8 are displayed, otherwise
the program goes to Step 9.
7 POL Polarity.
Pos Flow increases with input.
Neg Flow decreases with
8 N Value of exponent n.
x.xxx Program between 0 and 9.999.

405A-M-V3
 Calibration 29

Step Display Description Text

Ref
9 CUTOFF The signal Cutoff. 3.3.2
xx.x Enter as a % of Span.
10 F dPt Number of decimal points with which the Rate
is to be displayed between 0 to 0.00000.
11 t.base The Timebase with which the Span is 3.2.1
entered must be programmed as:
60secs units/min
hours units/hour
days units/day
secs units/second
12 FILTER The filter constant for filtering the rate 3.2.2
display and the 4-20mA output.
1 No filtering.
to
99 Very heavy filtering.
13 TOTCON A division factor to convert the totals to 3.3
different units from those used for rate (ie
gallons/min and barrels).
1 Rate and totals have the same engineering units.
x.xxxx Other factors can be programmed between
0.01 and 2000.
14 t.dPt Number of decimal points with which
the resettable total is displayed between
0 to 0.000.
15 A.dPt Number of decimal points with which
the Accumulated (non resettable) total is
displayed between 0 to 0.000.
16 ACCESS Enable access to calibration routine via the
front keyboard only.

Front Enable access via front keyboard.

No Acc Disable access via front keyboard.

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 30 Calibration

5.2 PROGRAMMING OPTIONS

Step Display Description Text

Ref
1 OPTIONS Options (if installed).
Test Check the Input Signals. 5.2
End Exit to normal operation.
CAL Program Setup Parameters. 5.1

If the 4-20mA output option is installed, the following will

be displayed:
2 OUTPUT Select 4-20mA.
4-20 4-20mA 4.1

3 OP 4 Flowrate at 4mA
xxxx Enter flowrate.

4 OP20 Flowrate at 20mA

xxxx Enter flowrate.

If the RS232/422/485 option is installed, the following will

be displayed:
5 DF Date Format.
Eur European (ie. days/months/years). 4.2
USA USA (ie. months/days/years).

6 Date Enter date as:

xx:xx:xx Years:Months:Days.

7 HOUR Enter time as a 24 hour

xx:xx clock.
Hours:Minutes.

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 Calibration 31

Step Display Description Text

Ref
8 BAUD Baudrate
xxx 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600 .

9 DATA Word length.

7 7 bits. 4.2
8 8 bits.

10 PARITY Parity.
NP No Parity.
OP Odd Parity.
EP Even Parity.
11 SIGNAL Signal Type.
rs232 RS232.
rs422 RS422/485.
12 ID NO Unit Identification Number.
0 None.
1-99 Id Number.
13 PTYPE xx Printer/Computer Type.

00 Standard Computer Printer.

01 EPSON CTM 290 Slip Printer.
02 Model 624 Roll Printer.
03 EPSON TM290-2 Slip Printer.
04 Contrec Model 632-2 Printer.
05 Syntest SP-210 Printer.

Computer.

405A-M-V3
 32 Calibration

Step Display Description Text

Ref
If a Printer Protocol is selected, the following message is displayed:
13 UNIT xx Units of measurement printed.

00 None.
01 Litres (Ltrs).
02 Gallons (Gals).
03 Barrels (bbls).
04 Pounds (lbs).
05 Grams (gms).
06 Kilograms (kgs).
07 Tons (tons).

If a Computer Protocol is selected, the following message is displayed:

13 ECHO ECHO Command.
On Echo (Full Duplex).
Off No Echo (Half Duplex).

If the Relay Option is installed, the following will be displayed:

14 AL: Hi High Alarm switching point. The high relay
xxxxxx will energise if the flowrate exceeds 4.3
this value.
15 AL: Lo Low Alarm switching point. The low relay
xxxxxx will energise if the flowrate falls below
this value.

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 Calibration 33

5.3 CHECKING THE INPUT SIGNAL

Step Display Description Text

Ref
1 TEST Check the Input Signals.
OPTIONS Options (if installed). 5.2
CAL Program Setup 5.1
END Parameters.
Exit to normal operation.
The following steps are displayed if TEST is selected.

Depending on the input selected, the input current or voltage will

be displayed.
2 SR x.xx Software revision number.

3 4-20mA Displayed for 1 second followed by the actual

xx.xx current.

0-20mA Displayed for 1 second followed by the

xx.xx actual current.

1-5 Volt Displayed for 1 second followed by the

xx.xx actual voltage.

0-10 Volt Displayed for 1 second followed by the actual

xx.xx voltage.
If the RS232/422/485 option is installed, the display will then
show:
Clock.
4 CLOC Time in Hours:Mins:Sec.

405A-M-V3
 34 Input Circuits

6. INPUT CIRCUITS
6.1 THE SIGNAL INPUT

The basic circuit of the input is shown below. Both the current and
voltage signals are fed to a data selector but only one signal is processed,
depending upon whether a current (4-20mA or 0-20mA) or a voltage (1-5
V or 0-10 V) input configuration is selected. The signal is fed to a voltage
to frequency convertor and transmitted to the microprocessor via an
opto-coupler.

The microprocessor uses a crystal reference to provide an accurate

measurement of the incoming frequency. Once every 10 minutes a stable
and accurate internal reference is sampled and used to compensate the
input. This technique ensures a highly accurate measurement and makes
periodic calibration unnecessary.

V oltage to
Current
9 Frequency
V ol tage
14
Microprocessor
10K
250
Ohm Reference
8

DC to DC
Regulator
Convertor

Isolation

405A-M-V3
 Input Circuits 35

Model 405 Flow Computer

11
+ 8-24 VDC
Transmitter
4-20mA 9
-

250 ohms
8

Ground
2

Transmitter Powered by the Flow Computer

External Loop Power

Flow Computer
+
Transmitter
4-20mA 9
-

250 ohms
8

Chart Recorder
-

4-20mA Loop with External Power Supply

INPUT CONNECTIONS

405A-M-V3
 36 Input Circuits

6.2 REMOTE SWITCH INPUTS

Remote push-buttons can be connected to the Model 405A to duplicate

the switches on the front panel.

The switches are wired as follows:

RATE
3

TOTAL
4

RESET

DISPLAY
6

405A-M-V3
 Installation 37

7. INSTALLATION
7.1 GENERAL

The terminal designations for the Model 405A Flow Computer are given on
the following pages. The cutout hole in the panel should be 5.5" (139mm)
wide x 2.6" (67mm) high. Two side clips are supplied to secure the
instruments into the panel.

A case earthing point is provided via an earth lug on the side of the case.
Note that this earthing point is for the case only and there is complete
electrical isolation between this point and all electronic circuits. For EMC
purposes, or when the instrument is connected to mains, this point must be
connected to a good earth using a multi-stranded, braided wire or strap.
All relay outputs are totally isolated from the case and from the internal
circuitry.

A Supply Output voltage is provided to power sensors. This output will provide
a regulated voltage of 8 to 24 volts and the voltage is adjustable by means of
the potentiometer on the rear panel. Maximum current is 50mA and the
instrument comes with the voltage factory set at 24 Volts. When the
instrument is powered from a DC power source, the maximum output voltage
on the Supply Output is the DC Input Voltage less 3.5 volts.

The instrument will operate from either 12 - 28 volts DC or from the mains.
The mains voltage is factory set to either 95 - 135 VAC (110 VAC nominal) or
190 - 260 VAC (220 VAC nominal). An internal mains transformer provides full
isolation between the mains and the electronic circuits.

The DC Ground terminal 12 provides a common ground for the 12 - 28

Volt power input, the 8 - 24 Volt output and the pulse output.

It is good practice to use shielded cables for all signal connections to the
Model 405. Care must be taken to separate signal cables from power cables
so as to minimise interference.

405A-M-V3
 38 Installation

Overall shields should be connected to the case earth at the instrument end
only.
This connection should be as short as possible and connected to the earthing
lug on the side of the case.

In order to comply with the requirements for Electromagnetic Compatibility

as per EMC-Directive 89/336/EEC of the Council of European Community,
this wiring practice is mandatory.

Although it is also possible to connect shields to the signal ground (terminal

2) this practice is not in accordance with EMC directives.

RC Networks for Interference Suppression

When driving highly inductive loads with the relay outputs, it is

recommended that RC suppression networks (often called "Snubbers") are
used for two reasons:

To limit the amount of electrical noise caused by arcing across

the contacts which may, in extreme cases, cause the
microprocessor to act erratically.

To protect the relay contacts against premature wear through

pitting.

RC suppression networks consist of a capacitor and series resistor and

are commonly available in the electrical industry. The values of R and
C are dependant entirely on the load. However, if the user is unsure
of the type of snubber to use, values of 0.25uF and 100 ohms will
usually suffice. Note that only ‘UL approved, mains rated’ RC
suppression networks should be used.
The basic principle of operation is that the capacitor prevent a series of
sparks arcing across the contact as the contact breaks. The series resistor
limits the current through the contact when the contact first makes.

405A-M-V3
 Installation 39

7.2 WIRING DESIGNATIONS FOR THE MODEL 405A

Terminal Model 405A

1 Calibration Link
2 Signal Ground
3 Rate Switch
4 Total Switch
5 Reset Switch
6 Program Switch
7 Not To Be Used
8 Flow Common (-)
9 Flow 4-20mA In (+) or 0-20mA In (+)
10 Pulse Out
11 DC Power Out (8-24 VDC)
12 DC Ground
13 DC Power Input
14 Flow 1-5 V In (+) or 0-10 V In (+)

Terminal Analog Flow Output RS232/422/485

20 0 Volts RS232 Signal Ground

21 -15 Volts RS232 Data in
22 I(-) RS232 Data Out
23 I(+) RS422/485 (-) Data Out
24 +15 Volts RS422/485 (+) Data Out
25 DC Ground RS422/485 (-) Data In
26 Not To Be Used RS422/485 (+) Data In
27 Not To Be Used RS232 CTS

Terminal Relay Option

2B Signal Ground

31 Relay 2 - Normally Open

32 Relay 2 - Normally Closed
33 Relay 2 - Common
34 Relay 1 - Normally Open
35 Relay 1 - Normally Closed
36 Relay 1 - Common

405A-M-V3
 40 Installation

7.3 EX 410 ENCLOSURE DIMENSIONS

(all dimensions in mm)

Mounting Holes (4) on rear
Metric thread M8
Ex 410 Enclosure with 5 Keys NPT thread 5/16 UNF

Door
115.0
Hinge 288

302 221

Bottom View

Mounting Holes Mounting Holes

4 x M8 4 x 5/16 UNF

Earth Point
70.0 70.0

71.5 71.5

130.0 130.0 Gland Holes

Gland Holes 3 x ¾“ NPT
3 x M20

Enclosure with 3 x M20 Gland holes Enclosure with 3 x ¾“ NPT Gland holes

Material: Cast Aluminium

Finish: Light beige powdercoat

405A-M-V3
 Trouble Shooting 41

8. TROUBLE SHOOTING
8.1 ERROR CODES

The instrument has extensive self test facilities and will display an error
code if it detects an invalid condition. If the instrument displays an error
code other than those listed below, please contact the factory.

Error codes are displayed as "Err 12" and a list of commonly encountered
codes are given below:

Error Codes

Input Errors

11 Invalid input configuration programmed.

14 Communications Input error (RS232/422/485 Interface).
SIGNAL Input signal is less than 3.5mA (4-20mA) or 0.875V (1-5V).
(See section 3.2.1.)

Output Errors

21 Invalid output configuration.

22 Communications error - Baud rate not set.
23 Communications error - Printer fault.

Calibration Errors

30 Zero Value not allowed.

33 Invalid Printer Type.
34 Invalid Volume Units selected.

405A-M-V3
 42 Index

Power Requirements, 5
Index F
Filtering, 11
Printer, 23
Pulsating Signal, 11
Pulse Output, 14
4-20mA Output, 16 Front Panel, 8
R
A G
Regulated Voltage, 37
Access, 29 Ground, 37
Relay Output, 25
Accumulated Total, 8 Remote Push-buttons,
I 36
B Identification Response, 12
Number, 31 RS232/422/485
Battery, 23 Inductive Loads, 38 Interface, 20
Battery Life Input Circuits, 34
Protection Tab, 23 Installation, 37 S
Baudrate, 23, 31 Interference, 38 Self Test, 41
Isolation, 37 Setup Parameters, 26
Snubbers, 38
M Specification, 5
C Supply Output, 37
Mains Voltage, 37
Calibration, 26 Model Number, 4
Chart Recorders, 17 Multipoint T
Clock, 23 Communication, 21 Terminal, 39
Communication Terminal
Protocol, 23 N Designations, 37
Communications, 20 Test, 33
Non-volatile Memory,
Computer, 24 8 Tickets, 23
Cutout, 5 Time, 23
O Timebase, 29
D Total Conversion, 13
Operating Transducer Supply, 5
Date, 23 Temperature, 5
Decimal Points, 29 Trouble Shooting, 41
Operation, 7
Dimensions, 5 Options, 16
Display Key, 8 W
Output Pulse, 14
Wiring Designations, 39
E P
Parity, 23, 31

405A-M-V3