2024

USE OF ENGLISH
BOOKLET 1
2023

Teacher: Camila Romero

Student’s name: ………………………………………………………………………………………

 HOMEWORK
Planner

Topic Pages Due Date: ✓

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practice

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 Grammar practice

Talking about the present

1 Choose the correct verb forms to complete the sentences.
1 Stella gets / is getting up early every day.
2 I do / ’m doing my homework right now. I’ll call you later.
3 Tom sometimes goes / is going swimming on the weekend.
4 Do you need / Are you needing any help?
5 Dan knows / has known Susie since they were very young.
6 Hurry up. We wait / ’re waiting for you, and it’s already five o’clock.
7 Do you see / Have you seen that new science fiction movie? It’s really good.
8 Peter is studying / has studied in New York these days.
9 Ross lives / has lived in Scotland for eight years. He loves it there.
10 Does Philippa sit / Is Philippa sitting in the car? Ask her to come in and say hello!

2 Write sentences with the simple present, present continuous, or present perfect.
1 Jack / play / tennis / right now

2 Amy / go / to dance classes / twice a week

3 we / live / in this apartment / since 2017

4 I / not see / Julie / all day

5 Amanda / not like / getting up early on schooldays

6 what video games / you / play / a lot / these days?

7 you / see / the new musical yet?

8 what time / she / have breakfast / every morning?

3 Complete the text with the simple present, present continuous, or present perfect form of the
verbs in parentheses.

Rachel Parks is an athlete. She 1 (usually / live)

in Canada, but right now, she 2 (prepare) for the
next Olympics, so she 3 (stay) in a training camp
in a hot country. Rachel 4 (often / travel) all over
the world because she 5 (want) to win races and
medals.
Since the last Olympics, Rachel 6 (do) everything
she can to be the best. She 7
(change) her coach,
her diet, and her routine. She 8 (not know) how
well she will do in the Olympics, but she is sure she has a good chance.

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 Grammar practice

Defining and non-defining relative clauses

4 Complete the sentences with relative pronouns.
1 Do you know the old lady cat has disappeared?
2 I traveled across a country the standard of living was clearly very low.
3 We repaired one of the walls was falling down.
4 My grandpa remembers a time a lot of children didn’t go to school.
5 Robert is a young boy loves playing basketball.
6 A tennis instructor is someone teaches people how to play tennis.
7 They went on the train goes through the rainforest.
8 Do you know the name of the store Tim bought the TV?
9 She is an actor has many fans.
10 It was a period of history life was very difficult.

5 Join the sentences. Use relative pronouns.

1 Thomas has a sister. She is a professional soccer player

2 Do you remember the park? We played basketball there.

3 Jessica left the house very early in the morning. There were no people on the streets then.

4 We went to a castle. A king was born there four hundred years ago.

5 The bag has been found. Annie left it at the community center.

6 At school, we talked to some senior citizens. Their relatives fought in the war.

7 The young girl won an award. She invented an app to help lonely people.

8 Last night I read a book. It wasn’t very interesting.

6 Complete the sentences with non-defining relative clauses. Use the sentences below and
relative pronouns.

He doesn’t like it very much.    He spent most of his life at sea.

It is a very large and historical city.    Their dog makes a lot of noise at night.
There are a lot of wild animals there.    You met her once.

1 We visited the Serengeti National Park, .

2 Istanbul, , is an exciting place to visit.
3 My aunt, , called me yesterday evening.
4 Captain Cook , died in 1779.
5 Mr. and Mrs. Jones, , aren’t very friendly.
6 Robbie works most weekends, .

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 Grammar practice

Talking about past habits and situations

1 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. There is one extra word.
1 used / Sally / living / to / live / in / South Africa

2 Martin / used / like / ice cream / use / didn’t / to

3 study / you / were / French / did / to / used / ?

4 Penny / playing / play / to / did / video games / use / ?

5 didn’t / use / Harry / long hair / have / wasn’t / to

6 to / used / a lot of exercise / do / use / she / did / ?

7 work / use / Patrick / in an office / didn’t / used / to

2 Rewrite the sentences using used to where possible. If it is not possible, write NP.
1 My father worked in India in the 1990s.

2 When I was in elementary school, I took the bus home every day.

3 Last year, we went to Miami for our vacation.

4 In her old job, my mom didn’t come home at lunchtime on schooldays.

5 My uncle was a very smart child.

6 In the nineteenth century, a lot of children didn’t go to school.

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 Grammar practice

3 Complete the text with the verbs in parentheses. Use used to whenever possible or
the simple past.

Before the invention of trains, people

1
(travel) on horses or in
horse-drawn vehicles. It 2

(take) days to travel long distances. Then in 1830, the first

passenger railway 3 (open).
It connected Manchester to Liverpool in the north of
England. In the early days of train travel, people
4
(worry) about the dangers
of going at high speeds. There were other problems, too.
Many train cars 5 (not
have) a roof, so you got wet if it rained. There was no food on
the trains, so people 6 (take) food with them. And clocks
at different stations 7 (not show) the same time.
People 8 (go) to stations early because they weren’t sure
exactly when the train might leave.

Telling stories about the past

4 Choose the correct verb forms to complete the sentences.
1 While we were cycling / had cycled home from school, we talked about our favorite movies.
2 Martin changed the channel on the TV after Jenny was leaving / had left the room.
3 Graham was reading a book when I saw / was seeing him earlier.
4 I visited / was visiting my aunt and uncle in Argentina three times when I was a small child.
5 The builder didn’t go home at five because he didn’t finish / hadn’t finished repairing the ceiling.
6 By the time the train arrived in Chicago, Amy ate / had eaten all her sandwiches.

5 Complete the second sentence in each pair. Use the past perfect.
1 Joe opened the envelope. Then he had breakfast.
Joe had breakfast after he .
2 We didn’t give Asif a card, so he was upset.
Asif was upset because we .
3 Graham took a shower and then he went out.
Graham went out as soon as he .
4 Sally wrote a letter to her grandparents. Then she went to school.
Sally went to school. Earlier, she .
5 I was at home for only five minutes. Then I heard the loud noise outside.
When I heard the loud noise outside, I .

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 Grammar practice

6 Complete the sentences with the simple past, past continuous, or past perfect form of the
verbs below. You may need to use the negative form of some verbs.

arrive  clean  cook  make  miss  play  send  travel

1 While I soccer, I fell over and hurt my leg.

2 By the time we at the campsite, it was getting dark.
3 While Jack across Russia, he met a lot of interesting people.
4 Joe wasn’t allowed to go out because he his room.
5 Simon was watching TV when I him a text.
6 Tina dinner when we arrived.
7 Karen walked all the way home because she the bus.
8 We had nothing to eat because we any sandwiches before we
left.

7 Complete the text with the simple past, past continuous, or past perfect form of the verbs
in parentheses.

The Wallet
I1 (walk) to school yesterday when I suddenly
2
(see) a wallet lying on the ground. Obviously, somebody
3
(drop) it. I 4 (pick) it up and
5
(look) inside. There 6
(be)
$400 in the wallet. I 7 (not know) what to do. Anyway,
I8 (decide) to take it to school and give it to my teacher.
She 9 (tell) me that I 10 (make)
a good decision. But I really want to know whose wallet it is!

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 Grammar practice

Talking about experiences: finished and unfinished actions

1 Choose the correct verb forms to complete the sentences.
1 Artur broke / has broken his finger two weeks ago, but he’s feeling better now.
2 Amelia won / has won a prize, but she doesn’t know what it is yet.
3 I didn’t see / haven’t seen you for a long time. How are you?
4 Jack can’t remember the last time he played / has played video games.
5 Did Thomas see / Has Thomas seen your new house yet?
6 When did Fiona go / has Fiona gone to the library?
7 We first went to the museum when Josie was / has been very young.
8 Did the writer finish / Has the writer finished her last book before she died?

2 Complete the sentences with the simple past or present perfect form of the verbs in
parentheses.
1 Andy (already / pass) the test, but he doesn’t know what his
grade is yet.
2 I (not visit) Mexico. Is it a beautiful country?
3 When (you / buy) that coat?
4 I (not speak) to Rachel since yesterday. I hope she’s OK.
5 Wendy has forgotten the last time she (go) to the beach.
6 (Felicity / ever / ride) a horse in her life?
7 I (not call) my parents yet. I’ll do it now.
8 Last Sunday, Joe (buy) me an interesting gift.

3 Rewrite the sentences using the words in parentheses.

1 The last time I spoke to Adam was in January. (since)
I January 2018.
2 William is playing golf for the first time tomorrow. (never)
William in his life.
3 Angela will climb a mountain one day. (yet)
Angela .
4 The last time I ate Chinese food was two years ago. (for)
I .
5 Paul hasn’t gone swimming for a month. (ago)
Paul .
6 I went to the gym on Tuesday and Thursday this week. (already)
I twice this week.
7 Jen doesn’t lose at chess. (never)
Jen in her life.
8 The last time we saw Peter was Monday evening. (since)
We .

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 Grammar practice

4 Complete the text with the simple past or present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses.

Nicaragua
1
(you /ever /go) to Nicaragua? My best friend
2
(fly) there last week with his family. They’re having a great
time. My friend 3 (send) me an email every day since he left, so
I’ve been able to follow their journey. They 4
(see) the sights in
the capital, Managua, but they 5
(not visit) the old colonial city
of Granada yet. Yesterday, they 6
(take) a bus to Leon, which is
an old town with a beautiful cathedral. They 7 (not walk) around
the city yet, but they 8
(already /try) some of the great food in
the local restaurants.

5 Check (✓) the sentences that are correct. Correct the errors in the incorrect sentences.
1 Jessica has been knowing Harry since elementary school.
2 We have been playing soccer all morning, and we are tired.
3 I haven’t been listening to the teacher.
4 They have been camping on the beach since last Friday.
5 Thomas has been living in Spain for years.
6 We have been buying new bags and pencil cases for school.

6 Write questions to complete the dialogues. Use the simple past, present perfect, or present
perfect continuous.
1 how long / you / study English?
A
B Oh, since I was six years old.
2 when / you / last see / a play in English?
A
B Last year.
3 how many books / she / write?
A
B Only three, but she’s writing a new one now.
4 which countries / they / visit / on their last trip around the world?
A
B Japan, the USA, and Australia.
5 when / they / publish / the novel?
A
B Two years ago.
6 you / wait / a long time?
A
B No, only ten minutes.
7 when / they / get here?
A
B Twenty minutes ago.

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 Grammar practice

Question tags
1 Match the sentences 1–6 with question tags a–h. There are two extra question tags.
1 Susie doesn’t like playing soccer, a have you?
2 Pat and I took some great pictures, b don’t they?
3 You haven’t been listening to the teacher, c does she?
4 Janet is a great singer, d didn’t they?
5 The students aren’t going away for the weekend, e won’t she?
6 Katy and Tim used to take piano lessons, f isn’t she?
g are they?
h didn’t we?
2 Complete the sentences with question tags.
1 David hasn’t repaired his own bike, ?
2 You aren’t going home yet, ?
3 Jill works in a supermarket, ?
4 Piotr is Polish, ?
5 Andy and I won the competition, ?
6 William didn’t call me, ?
7 Joe’s new shoes look great, ?
8 You can speak four languages, ?

3 Complete the sentences. Use the words below and the correct pronouns.

aren’t  didn’t  didn’t  doesn’t  don’t  isn’t  shall  won’t

1 I’m late, ? Sorry.

2 This is your sweater, ?
3 Your grandparents used to live in Scotland, ?
4 Sally has dark hair, ?
5 Those stairs look dangerous, ?
6 Everybody got home late, ?
7 You’ll help, ?
8 Let’s meet later at the cafe, ?

4 Complete the answer phone message with the correct question tags.

Hi George, it’s Mom. How are you? I’m just calling to see if you’re OK. You are OK, 1 ?
I’m sure you are. And your friends are having a good time too, 2
? I know you don’t
like me calling you when you’re on a school trip, but you know that I worry, 3
? So,
you will send a text or email or something to say you’re OK, 4
? In fact, let’s call
each other soon, 5 ? I’ll feel a lot better when we have time to chat. Your friend Sam
didn’t forget to pack his walking shoes, 6 ? His mom told me she saw his shoes in his
room when she was tidying up. And she’s worried. Of course she is. Anyway, I hope the trip down to the
coast went well. Nothing went wrong, 7 ? Nobody got left behind at the station,
8
? Good. I hope not. Anyway, call me. You know where I am … .

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 Grammar practice

Modal verbs for possibility and deduction

5 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 Look! Everybody’s wearing a coat in the picture. It must / might be cold.
2 I don’t know where Louise is. I think she must / might be in the park.
3 Adrian and Claire go to the same school. They could / can’t know each other.
4 Jane has five cats. She must / can’t like animals a lot.
5 It’s really light outside, so it must / can’t be very late yet.
6 David must / could be a good player because he never loses a game.
7 We might / can’t go out later. If we do, do you want to come with us?
8 There’s no school today, so Adam must / can’t be in class.

6 Complete the sentences with must, might, or can’t.

1 Who’s calling me now? Tom doesn’t have a phone, so it be him.
2 Let’s run to the bus stop. We catch the last bus home if we run!
3 Listen to that beautiful song! I’d recognize Paula’s voice anywhere. She be
the singer.
4 I haven’t decided what to study in college. I study music. It’s my favorite
subject.
5 Julia is blond and the girl in the picture has red hair, so it be Julia.
6 Jo know about the party. Eddie told everybody in class about it last week!

7 Rewrite the sentences using must, might / could, or can’t.

1 I think Sophie will come to the party, but I’m not sure.
Sophie to the party.
2 Of course Simon doesn’t have the flu. He was playing soccer this morning.
Simon . He was playing soccer this morning.
3 Maybe Amy doesn’t feel well today.
Amy well today.
4 All vegetables are good for you, and carrots are vegetables!
Carrots good for you!
5 I’m not certain, but I think Patrick is on vacation in Barbados.
Patrick on vacation in Barbados.
6 Of course Patrice speaks French – he was born in France!
Patrice French.
7 I’m certain we won’t win because we’re the worst team.
We – we’re the worst team!
8 I’m not sure, but maybe it will rain later.
It later.

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 Grammar practice

Future forms
1 Choose the correct verb forms to complete the sentences.
1 We won’t leave / don’t leave before nine tomorrow morning.
2 I’m not going to play / I won’t play soccer next weekend because it’s my sister’s wedding.
3 Perhaps I’ll see / I’m going to see you later. Call me if you’re not busy.
4 My dad is buying / is going to buy a Ferrari one day.
5 I meet / I’m meeting Jenny at seven.
6 I expect it is / will be sunny tomorrow.
7 The performance ends / is ending at ten. Please leave the building immediately.
8 Emily will work / is going to work in a big store in New York City. She already has the job.

2 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1 go / Jack / the theater / probably / won’t / to

2 Dan / tennis / going / is / to / definitely / play / tomorrow

3 eat out / we / going / probably aren’t / to / tonight

4 I’ll / the party / definitely / to / come

5 there / be / Annie / probably / will

6 is / write / she / going / definitely / to / a new book / ?

7 am / buy / a new bike / going / I / definitely / to

8 she / know / probably / the answer / won’t

3 Complete the sentences with the correct future form of the verbs in parentheses.
1 I expect that all video games (have) amazing graphics in the
future.
2 Andrew knows what career he wants. He (work) as a marine
biologist when he graduates from college.
3 We (go) shopping later. Do you want us to get you anything?
4 I’m sorry. I can’t come. I (have) lunch with Sophie. Let’s make
another arrangement.
5 That suitcase looks really heavy. I (ask) my dad to help me
carry it.
6 The bus (leave) Walton at nine, so we’ll have time to get some
lunch.
7 I don’t think I (remember) all that. Can you write a list for me?
8 There are no clouds in the sky. It (not rain) this afternoon.

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 Grammar practice

4 Choose the best response.

1 When is the next train?
a It leaves in five minutes from platform 4.
b It’s leaving in five minutes from platform 3.
2 Have you decided which school subjects you want to study next year?
a Yes, I’ll study math and science.
b Yes. I’m going to study math and science.
3 Andy is the best runner in the school.
a I know. He’s winning all the races next month.
b I know. He’s going to win all the races next month.
4 Are you going to watch the soccer game on Saturday?
a I’m not sure. I’ll probably watch it.
b I’m not sure. I’ll definitely watch it.
5 Julie’s late. I’m worried.
a Don’t worry. I expect she’ll be here soon.
b Don’t worry. I expect she’s going to be here soon.
6 Have you arranged for somebody to meet you at the airport?
a Yes. My dad’s meeting me.
b Yes. My dad meets me.

5 Complete the emails with the correct future forms of the verbs in parentheses.

Hi Lucy!
What 1 (you / do) this evening? I have two tickets for a musical.
If you want to come with me, let me know. It 2 (be) a lot of fun,
I think.

Hi Joe,
Tina and I have to do a presentation in history class next week, and we’ve decided to do
something about the Romans. Tina 3 (talk) about Julius Caesar,
and I 4
(tell) the class about Augustus. If you know anything about
the Romans, let us know! Maybe we 5 (see) you later. If so, you
can help us prepare.

Hi Amy,
I6 (meet) Tom for lunch at two o’clock in the Rose Café. Would
you like to come with me? If so, meet me at the bus stop near my house. Buses to the city center
7
(leave) every half an hour. So, see you at 1:30 because
I8 (definitely / be) on that bus.

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 Grammar practice

6 Complete the responses with your own ideas.

1 Can anyone help me with this heavy bag?
Sure! I .
2 What are you doing next weekend?
I .
3 When does the bus arrive at your school?
It .
4 Who are you going to have lunch with?
I .
5 What are you definitely going to do next summer?
I .

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 Vocabulary practice

Describing people
1 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 It was very … of Fiona to visit her grandmother in the hospital and to bring her flowers.
a enthusiastic  b kind  c determined
2 It is a school for girls, so all the students are … .
a male  b female  c teenage
3 At work, my father wears a shirt and tie. He is always … .
a blond-haired  b middle-aged  c well-dressed
4 Jenny really wants to do well on her exams. That is why she is so … to work hard at her studies.
a courageous  b determined  c kind
5 My grandfather is 83. He is … , but he is still a lot of fun.
a elderly  b teenage  c middle-aged
6 Jo is … -eyed and dark-haired with a small nose.
a blue  b blond  c large

2 Complete the text with the words below. There is one extra word.

blond-haired  courageous  determined  elderly
enthusiastic  male  middle-aged  teenage

Last summer, our 1 daughter, who is only seventeen, went to work at a

home for 2 people in their eighties and nineties. Most of the residents
there were women, but there were five or six 3 residents in the home,
too. At first, we didn’t think it was a good job for her, but she was 4 to
work in the home, so we didn’t try to stop her. We think it was very 5
of
her to want to work with older people full time – not every young person wants that
responsibility, and all the other care workers were 6 – in their forties
and fifties. When she was there, she really enjoyed the job, and made friends with the
oldest resident, a lovely lady who, because she was blue-eyed and 7 ,
looked like an old Hollywood movie star. She was 99 years old!

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 Vocabulary practice

Noun endings
3 Complete the second sentence in each pair with a noun formed from the word in bold.
1 Nelson Mandela inspired a lot of people all over the world.
Nelson Mandela was an to a lot of people all over the world.
2 Could you please scan these documents for me?
Could you please use the to make copies of these documents
for me?
3 A zebra looks like somebody has combined a horse with pajamas.
A zebra looks like a of a horse and pajamas.
4 Dara is a national of both Ireland and the UK.
Dara has both Irish and British .
5 My brother and I aren’t similar.
There are no between my brother and me.
6 Please measure everything before you start.
Please take all the before you start.

4 Complete the text with nouns formed from the words in parentheses.

Usain Bolt was the greatest 1 (run) of

all time. He was also a great 2 (inspire)
to a lot of young people who admired his athletic ability
and his personality. His 3 (unique) lies in
his outgoing personality, his 4
(kind) to
people, and the way he created a friendly and funny
5
(identify) off the track. In a world where
there is sometimes 6 (confuse) between
what makes a great athlete and a good person, Bolt was
and is a fantastic role model.

Internet safety
5 Match 1–6 with a–f.
1 a Wi-fi a number
2 a social media b hotspot
3 a PIN c a new program
4 a link d account
5 install e to a web page
6 post f a comment

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 Vocabulary practice

6 Complete the sentences with the words below.

hacker  install  link  password  post  privacy

1 My is maz345, but don’t tell anybody!

2 Click on this and it will take you to the right web page.
3 Can you help me this app on my phone? I’m not sure how to download it.
4 I often comments on social media.
5 I think a has stolen data from my computer.
6 Be careful to protect your online. Don’t share data or pictures with people you
don’t know.

7 Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1 Describe the appearance of someone in your family. What do they look like?

2 Describe the personality of one of your best friends. What are they like?

3 Which person has been an inspiration to you? Why?

4 What do you do to protect your privacy online?

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 Vocabulary practice

Historical events
1 Match the words below with the historical events.

construction  exploration  founding  invention  peace  trade  war

1 A thousand years ago, people brought silk from China along the Silk Road and sold it to
Europeans.
2 In 1860, Burke and Wills were the first Europeans to walk across Australia from Melbourne in the
south to the ocean on the north coast.
3 In the mid-nineteenth century, 600,000 men died in fighting between the north and south of the
country.
4 In 1901, Frédéric Passy and Jean Henry Dunant received the first Nobel Peace Prize after Alfred
Nobel had died and left money to pay for it.
5 Alexander Graham Bell made and used the first practical telephone in the
1870s.
6 The Vietnam War ended in 1975 when American soldiers left the city of Saigon. People then
returned to their everyday lives.
7 The city of Brasilia, the capital of Brazil, was built between 1956 and 1960.

2 Complete the text with the words below.

construction  development  discovery  founding  spread  trade

After the 1 of Australia by European explorers in the eighteenth century, British

settlers began to arrive on the continent. The 2 of the first colony, New South
Wales, took place in 1788. Its capital was the small town of Sydney. Life in the new colony was
difficult. There was very little 3 between Australia and the rest of the world
because the country didn’t produce anything to sell, and Europeans found it difficult to grow food.
There were many diseases in the colony, and the 4 of European diseases to the
local Aboriginal people killed thousands. In the early nineteenth century, the 5
of Sydney from a small town to a big city began. The 6 of banks, stores, houses,
and public buildings changed the city. Today, five million people live in Sydney.

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 Vocabulary practice

Adverbs of manner
3 Complete the second sentence using adverbs formed from the words in bold.
1 Amy is a very careful driver.
Amy always .
2 Yesterday evening, we listened to a beautiful singer.
Yesterday evening, we listened to someone who .
3 My grandparents are very slow walkers, so it takes a long time to get anywhere.
My grandparents , so it takes a long time to get anywhere.
4 The play was good, but the actors were bad.
The play was good, but they .
5 People in my family are healthy eaters.
People in my family .
6 The soccer team suffered a heavy defeat in their last game.
The soccer team were in their last game.

4 Choose the correct words to complete the text.

It was late at night and there was a 1beautiful / beautifully full moon in the sky. The fox
walked 2slow / slowly and very 3careful / carefully into the farmyard. It could smell chickens.
The 4strong / strongly smell of humans was in the air, too. The door to the chicken house
was closed, but it was 5bad / badly designed. The fox went under it 6easy / easily.
The 7greedy / greedily fox was inside the chicken house. 8Sudden, / Suddenly, one of the
chickens started making a loud noise. A light went on in the humans’ house. The fox turned
and ran, still hungry.

Information sources
5 Match the words 1–5 with definitions a–e.
1 brochure
2 statue
3 augmented reality app
4 tour
5 monument
a This uses computer technology to make real-world objects come to life.
b This small magazine has information for tourists.
c This building or structure reminds people about a person or event.
d This is a famous person in stone.
e This is when a guide shows you around a city or other interesting place.

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 Vocabulary practice

6 Match the words below with the sentences.

biography  census  guide  interview  plaque  statistics

1 Charles Darwin was born in 1809.

2 This is a record of the age, sex, race, and nationality of everybody in this
region.
3 On the main street, there are medieval buildings. Turn left and you will see the
castle.
4 Sir Charles Gordon lived in this house from 1745 to 1752.
5 When does the tour begin and when will your band be in London?
6 12% say yes, 14% say no, and 74% have no opinion.

7 Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1 What is the most important discovery or invention in your lifetime. Why?

2 What countries does your country often trade with?

3 What things do you do slowly and carefully and what things do you do quickly?

4 What important monuments, statues, or plaques are there in your city?

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 Vocabulary practice

Talking about languages

1 Match the sentence halves 1–6 with a–f.
1 You can tell somebody isn’t a native speaker if they have a strong a alphabet.
2 If a person speaks two languages fluently, they are b dialect.
3 People from the south of my country use different words in their c interpreter.
4 This symbol carries meaning and is called a(n) d accent.
5 There are 33 letters in the Russian Cyrillic e ideogram.
6 When presidents from different countries meet, they speak with the help of a(n) f bilingual.
2 Complete the text with the words below. There are two extra words.

accent  bilingual  dialect  fluently  interpreter  multilingual
native speaker  translator

Consuela Mendez is from Texas in the United States, and her first language is English, so she’s
a(n) 1 of English. However, she also speaks Spanish 2
because her parents were born in Mexico. That makes her 3 . She has an
American 4
when she speaks English, and she sounds Mexican when she
speaks Spanish. Just now, she’s studying French and Japanese. If she learns those languages
really well, she’ll be 5 ! One day, she wants to work as a(n) 6 .
She loves books and would love to change great Spanish books into English.

Words that are nouns and verbs

3 Put the words below into the correct category.

fidget  high five  laugh  scream  shout  shrug

Words that describe moving a part of your body: , ,

Words that describe using your voice: , ,

4 Match the words below with the sentences.

fidget  laugh  scream  shout  shrug  stare

1 Alison couldn’t sit still in her seat.

2 Matt moved his shoulders to show he didn’t care.
3 Lesley made a loud, high-pitched sound – she was scared!
4 Mark was angry with the boys, so he raised his voice.
5 The movie was so funny that she couldn’t stop herself making a lot of noise.
6 Graham looked out across the lake for a long time.

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 Vocabulary practice

5 Complete the text with the correct form of the words below. Use each word twice: once as
verb and once as a noun. More than one answer may be possible.

high five  laugh  scream  shout  shrug  stare

We were walking along the side of a large building at the corner of Hope Street and Clarkson last Saturday
when we suddenly heard a lot of noise. People were 1 and
2
in loud voices. There was a loud 3 of
“No! No!” and then a high-pitched 4
from a girl. She sounded frightened.
At that moment, a side door opened and a boy ran out. He 5 into my face.
His eyes were wide open. It was a terrible, frightened 6
. Then he ran away.
I looked at my friend. “What should we do?” I asked. He just raised his shoulders in a
7
. He didn’t know. “Don’t just 8
your
shoulders,” I said. “Let’s go after him.” We ran after the boy and caught up with him in the plaza. “Are you
OK?” I asked. “Sure,” he said. “I’m OK. It’s just that I was in the movie theater and that was the scariest
movie I’ve ever seen.” I thought it was funny and 9 out loud. My friend
and the boy had a good 10
about it, too. I gave the boy a
11
, and thanked him for making me smile. The boy then
12
my friend, and we went on our way.

Conversation and communication

6 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 The teacher used a hand … to show us that we should all stand up.
a gesture    b join  c polite
2 Please don’t … the speaker when she is talking. You can ask questions later.
a understand  b explain  c interrupt
3 If you want to … the conversation online, come and be part of our social media group.
a ignore  b join  c react
4 Send me a text … to say what time you want me to come over.
a gesture  b message  c interrupt
5 The talk … on the topic of school bullying.
a focused  b explained  c understood
6 Please be … and wait until the end of the speech before you give your opinion.
a understand  b react  c patient
7 It is difficult to … how to do things in a foreign language.
a explain  b react  c interrupt
8 I didn’t … you. Please tell me again.
a react  b understand  c ignore

7 Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1 How are dialects different in different parts of your country?

2 What problems do interpreters have when they are doing their job?

3 When and why do people fidget?

4 What gestures do people often use in your country and what do they mean?

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 Vocabulary practice

Photography
1 Match the definitions 1–5 with words a–e.
1 a device we use to take pictures a portrait
2 what you can see behind people in a picture b foreground
3 a picture of a person’s face c background
4 a picture that you take quickly d camera
5 what you can see at the front of a picture e snapshot

2 Complete the online article with the words.

artistic photography   camera   fashion photography

photojournalism  print  retouch

My name is Bill Williams, and I’m an experienced photographer. I’m not

interested in 1 ; I don’t take pictures of unusual
objects or of buildings from strange positions. I go to places where there
are wars or disasters, and I take pictures of what I see for newspapers and
magazines. It’s an exciting form of 2 , and I love
it. I also take pictures of clothes for magazines, but I only do this type
of 3 for the money. I have an expensive digital
4
that I take everywhere with me, and I
5
my pictures after I take them.
I want to see what they look like on paper. Sometimes, I have to
6
pictures of fashion models to make them look
better, but I never change anything in my news pictures. They have to look and
be real.

Compound adjectives: noun + present participle

3 Match the words 1–8 with present participles a–h to make compound adjectives. More than
one answer may be possible.
1 man- a taking
2 breath b numbing
3 thought- c breaking
4 heart d provoking
5 eye- e warming
6 mind- f eating
7 mouth- g popping
8 record- h watering

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 Vocabulary practice

4 Complete the sentences with compound adjectives from exercise 3.

1 Don’t go into the ocean. It’s too dangerous. The coastguard has seen a(n)
shark in the water.
2 Bolt won the race in time. It was the fastest time ever!
3 We listened to a(n) lecture. It raised issues I keep thinking about.
4 I have a(n) job. I put labels on boxes. It’s so boring!
5 Form the top of the mountain, there’s a(n) view. It’s amazing!
6 The movie is a(n) story about two young people who fall in love.
It’s very romantic.
7 The restaurant serves food. You will want to eat and eat.
8 It was a(n) display of fireworks – an amazing thing to see!

5 Read the sentences. Choose and complete the compound adjective that best matches each
situation.
1 For lunch, we’re having chicken cooked in a tomato sauce.
a heart b mouth-
2 More than 700 million people in the world can’t read.
a man- b thought-
3 In 2019, a man from Nepal became the first person to climb Mount Everest 24 times!
a record- b mind-
4 A little boy has raised $1,000 to buy a wheelchair for his sister who is sick.
a heart- b eye-
5 In the fire, we lost all the pictures and videos of our family.
a mouth- b heart
6 Alice stood at the top of the mountain and looked down.
a breath b thought-

Sharing pictures
6 Complete the text with the words below.

access  copyright  permission  protect  secure  settings  tag

Advice For New Photographers

We all love taking pictures and putting them online for our friends to 1 .
We love it when our friends 2
us in pictures they share online so that we can
see them and write comments. But if you are serious about being a photographer and want to
put your pictures online, make sure you use a very 3 website that hackers
can’t steal your pictures from. Change your privacy 4 on the websites you
use to stop people looking at your pictures. Also, remember that you can’t put a picture online
if you don’t have 5 from the owner. Always ask. Finally, remember: you own
the 6
in any picture you take. If you 7 your rights legally,
you might be able to make money from your photography.

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 Vocabulary practice

7 Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1 What type of photography interests you? Why?

2 Describe a movie you saw recently using compound adjectives.

3 How do you protect the pictures you share online?

4 Describe your favorite photograph.

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 Vocabulary practice

Travelers
1 Choose the best description for each person.
1 Brad is on vacation in southeast Asia. He has stayed in hostels in Thailand, Vietnam, and
Cambodia.
a He’s a backpacker.   b He’s a nomad.   c He’s a commuter.
2 Susie is walking across the Sahara Desert to raise money for charity. So far, she’s walked 40
kilometers.
a She’s a tourist.   b She’s an adventurer.   c She’s an immigrant.
3 Sara left her country because of the war and lives in a large camp.
a She’s a passenger.   b She’s an explorer.   c She’s a refugee.
4 Laura is on the bus that she usually takes to work every morning.
a She’s a nomad.   b She’s a tourist.   c She’s a commuter.
5 Alicia isn’t from this country, but she lives and works here now.
a She’s a backpacker.   b She’s an immigrant.   c She’s a motorist.
6 Luis is in a part of the Amazon rainforest that nobody has visited before.
a He’s an explorer.   b He’s a tourist.   c He’s a commuter.
7 Cynthia is driving across the USA on Highway 66. She loves her car.
a She’s a backpacker.   b She’s a nomad.   c She’s a motorist.
8 We’ve booked our flight and hotel, and we’re on our way to our vacation destination.
a We’re tourists.   b We’re immigrants.  c We’re commuters.

2 Complete the sentences with the words below.

explorers  motorists  nomads  passengers  refugees  tourists

After the war, we arrived in this country as 1 .

We had no money, no family, and we didn’t speak a word of the language.

It’s fun being 2 in London. There are so many

places to visit: Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, the Tower of London.
We have a great guidebook to help us get around.

We’re 3 from East Africa. Traditionally, our

people don’t stay in one place. They follow their cows across the land.

There are a lot of 4 on the train to the coast,

probably because they live there.

Some 5 drive too fast on the

country roads near our house.

After traveling for many days, the 6 reached

a village which nobody from the West had ever visited before.

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 Vocabulary practice

Multi-word verbs
3 Match the sentence halves 1–5 with a–e.
1 I’d like to drive a up our things and left.
2 Please stay b out in the forest where nobody could find them.
3 We packed c up in this neighborhood. I was a teen when I left.
4 We grew d out to the country and see the pretty villages.
5 They hid e away from the fire. It’s dangerous.
4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs and adverbs below. You can use
the adverbs more than once. More than one answer may be possible.

Verbs: keep move give end stay go

Adverbs: away out up

1 Sophie her old toys because she didn’t want them anymore.
2 Jo and Andy late last night to watch a movie.
3 Please now! I don’t want you here anymore.
4 After the party, we walking home. We had no bus money!
5 of my bedroom. You shouldn’t go in without my permission.
6 Last year, my best friend from our town. She went to live near
the coast.

Travel skills
5 Complete the text with the words below.

ambulance  arrival  currency  departure  directions  emergency
exchange rate  locate

Please stay safe in the airport. If you are meeting someone, check out their 1 time on the
arrivals screen and wait at their exit. If you are flying, check out your 2
time and go to your
gate as early as you can. If you don’t know where the gate is and need 3
, ask a member
of the airport staff or look at the airport map and 4
your gate on it. If you want to change
your money into a different 5 , there are many places at the airport to do this. Check
out today’s 6 for a good deal. If there is a serious 7 , please call the
airport police, and if there is an accident, call for a doctor or for a(n) 8
immediately.

6 Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1 Which of the following types of traveler have you been? When, where, and why?

a tourist  a backpacker  a commuter  a passenger

2 How often do you stay up late or stay out late? What do you do?

3 How can you calculate the exchange rate of your currency?

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