Poly

(Diallyldimethylammonium
Chloride)

Effective date: June 1, 2023.

First edition approved by the Board of Directors June 14, 1987.
This edition approved Jan. 12, 2023.
Approved by American National Standards Institute Jan. 19, 2023.

�\ STANDARD
American Water Works
Association
'\\. I Since 1881
AWWA Standard
This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification. AWWA standards
describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative information normally
contained in specifications. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the
standard. Until each optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication
of a standard does not constitute endorsement of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve
any product. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take precedence
over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or code of any governmental authority. AWWA standards are intended
to represent a consensus of the water industry that the product described will provide satisfactory service. When AWWA
revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of action will be placed in the Official Notice section of journal AWWA.
The action becomes effective on the first day of the month following the month ofjournal AWWA. publication of the official
notice.

American National Standard

An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An
American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The
existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved
the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not
conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to obtain
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conformity with particular American National Standards.

CAUTION NoT1cE: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates
completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI
procedures require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the
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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

©
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including scanning, recording, or any
information or retrieval system. Reproduction and commercial
use of this material is prohibited, except with written permission
from the publisher. Please send any requests or questions to
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ISBN-13, print 978-1-64717-134-6 ISBN-13, electronic: 978-1-61300-665-8

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12999/AWWA.8451.23

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
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commercial use of this material is prohibited, except with written permission from the publisher.

Copyright© 2023 by American Water Works Association

Printed in USA

ii
 Committee Personnel

The AW WA Standards Committee on Polyelectrolytes, which developed, reviewed, and approved

this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval:

David R. Purkiss, Chair

General Interest Members

N. Edman (liaison, nonvoting), Standards Liaison, AW WA, Denver, Colo.

P.H. Hargette, Black & Veatch Corporation, Greenville, S.C.
D.R. Purkiss, NSF International, Ann Arbor, Mich.
S.H. Via (liaison, nonvoting), AW WA, Washington, D.C.

Producer Members

B.S. Johnson, Industrial Specialty Chemicals, South Holland, Ill.

L.P. Robinson, Kemira Water Solutions Inc., Acworth, Ga.

User Members

O.J. Dzydzora Sr., SUEZ, East Stroudsburg, Pa.

S. Garrison, Independent Consultant, Bellevue, Idaho

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This page intentionally blank.
 Contents
All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this
format may be found in a particular standard.

SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE

Foreword 4.3 Description ..................................... 4

I Introduction .................................... Vll 4.4 Qualifications .................................. 5
I.A Background ..................................... Vll 4.5 Chemical and Physical
I.B History ............................................ viii Requirements ............................ 5

I.C Acceptance (Water Supply Service 4.6 Impurities (Potable Water)............... 6

Applications) ............................. ix 4.7 Additives Requirements (Potable
Water) ....................................... 6
I.D Acceptance (Wastewater Service
Applications) ............................. x 4.8 Impurities (Wastewater) .................. 7

II Special Issues ................................... x 4.9 Additives Requirements

(Wastewater) ............................. 8
II.A Safety .............................................. x
4.10 Product Technical Data Sheet.. ........ 8
11.B Spill Control ................................... x
III Use ofThis Standard ....................... Xl
5 Verification

III.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives ... xi 5. 1 General ........................................... 1 1

III.B Product Performance ....................... Xll

5.2 Sampling ......................................... 1 1

III.C Modification to Standard ................ Xll

5.3 Visual Inspection ............................. 1 1

IV Major Revisions............................... xii 5.4 Test Procedures................................ 12

v Comments ...................................... xiii 5.5 Inorganic Impurities ........................ 15

5.6 Determining and Quantifying
Standard Residual DADMAC in
PolyDADMAC Polymer
1 General
Product ..................................... 15
1. 1 Scope............................................... 1
5.7 Determining PolyDADMAC
1 .2 Purpose ........................................... 1 Polymer ...................................... 15
1.3 Application...................................... 1 5.8 Notice of Nonconformance ............. 16
2 References ...................................... 2 5.9 Manufacturing Location Contact
for Quality Control Inquiries .... 16
3 Definitions ..................................... 2
6 Delivery
4 Requirements
6. 1 Marking .......................................... 17
4. 1 Materials ......................................... 3
6.2 Packaging and Shipping .................. 17
4.2 Product Certifications/Affidavit of
Compliance............................... 4 6.3 Product Technical Data Sheets......... 18

v
This page intentionally blank.
 Foreword
This foreword is for information only and is not a part ofANSI*IAWWA B451.

I. Introduction.

I.A. Background. Chemical clarification methods have been used to improve

the quality of drinking water supplies since the late 1880s. In 1967, the first completely
synthetic organic polyelectrolyte was accepted by the US Public Health Service for use
in treating potable water. The responsibility for accepting additives for drinking water
treatment was subsequently assumed by the US Environmental Protection Agencyt
(USEPA) and administered by its Office of Drinking Water as an advisory program.
USEPA's acceptance was made by the specific name of the suppliers' product and not
by generic type. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)i (CAS§ No. 26062-79-3) is
one of several types of synthetic organic polyelectrolytes that were accepted for use in
potable water treatment under this program, which was discontinued in 1990.
PolyDADMAC is an abbreviation for poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride).
PolyDADMAC is a family of synthetic cationic organic polyelectrolytes (also called
polymers or coagulants) used in water and wastewater treatment to improve the
performance of some unit operations in the treatment process, most often by increasing
the extent or rate of liquid-solids separation. The DADMAC monomer used to
make polyDADMAC is made from two chemicals: allyl chloride and dimethylamine
(DMA). PolyDADMACs have a cationic charge, a high relative charge density, and
low-to-medium relative molecular weights, and they are manufactured and sold
primarily in the aqueous solution form, but the highest-molecular-weight versions may
also be sold in the emulsion or powder forms. PolyDADMAC, which was first sold
commercially around 1970, has been used to agglomerate particles in a wide variety
of water (potable) and wastewater liquid-solids separation applications. A frequent
application is clarification (removal of solid particles) or demulsification (removal of
liquid organic particles). PolyDADMAC is also called poly(diallyldimethylammonium
chloride), poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), polyDMDAAC, polyquaternary
amine, and quaternized polyamine. The important concepts to remember regarding
polyDADMAC include the following:

* American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
t Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W, Washingron, DC 20460.
+ Diallyldimethylammonium chloride is hereinafter abbreviated "DAD MAC." Poly(diallyldimethylam­
monium chloride) polymer is abbreviated "polyDADMAC."
§ Chemical Abstracts Service, 2540 Olentangy River Road, P.O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210.

vii
 1. PolyDADMACs in solution form are similar to EPI-DMA polyamines
(ANSl/AWWA B452) in their use, handling, storage, and solution preparation.
2. PolyDADMACs in solution form are different from polyacrylamide
(PAM) polymers (ANSl/AWWA B453) in their use, handling, storage, and solution
preparation.
3. The following nomenclature is used to describe the forms in which
polyDADMAC may be supplied:
• solutions (also called aqueous solutions, liquids, or viscous solutions);
• powders (also called flake, dry, granular, or bearl); and
• emulsions (also called liquids, dispersions, or inverse emulsions).
4. PolyDADMAC is a family of polymers with a relatively constant charge type
and constant charge density but with different molecular weights. They are essentially
linear in structure, but the highest-molecular-weight versions may incorporate some
branching.
5. The physical properties of polyDADMACs cannot be used to judge product
performance; only laboratory testing, pilot-plant studies, or full-scale plant trials can
discern product efficacy.
6. PolyDADMACs manufactured in solution form may contain inactive
ingredients, such as sodium chloride, depending on the manufacturing method and
formulation.
7. PolyDADMACs manufactured in emulsion form contain inactive petroleum
solvents and surfactants and may also contain sodium chloride and other inactive
ingredients, depending on the manufacturing method and formulation.
8. PolyDADMACs manufactured in powder form may contain sodium
chloride and other inactive ingredients, depending on the manufacturing method and
formulation.
The user should consult both the safety data sheet (SDS) and the product technical
data sheet for the specific polyDADMAC product being used for information on the
product's composition, physical properties, safety procedures, feeding and storage
guidelines, and other important information. The supplier should provide copies of
the product technical data sheet along with the SDS.
I.B. History. The AWWA Standards Council authorized the development of
this standard in 1979. The standard was developed by the AWWA Standards Committee
on Polyelectrolytes and was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors on June 14,
1987. Subsequent editions were approved on June 18, 1992; Jan. 25, 1998; June 13,
2004; June 20, 2010; and June 19, 2016. This edition of the standard was approved
on Jan. 12, 2023.
viii
 I.C. Acceptance {miter Supply Service Applications). In May 1985, USEPA
entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF International (NSF)
to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a certification program for
direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of the original consortium
included the Water Research Foundation (formerly AwwaRF) and the Conference of
State Health and Environmental Managers (COSHEM). AW WA and the Association
of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined later.
In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact with,
drinking water rests with individual states.' Local agencies may choose to impose
requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health
effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state and local
agencies may use various references, including four standards developed under the
direction of NSF**: NSF/ANSltt/CAN++ 60, Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals­
Health Effects; NSF/ANSI/CAN 6 1, Drinking Water System Components-Health
Effects; NSF/ANSI/CAN 372, Drinking Water System Components-Lead Content;
and NSF/ANSI/CAN 600, Health Effects Evaluation and Criteria for Chemicals in
Drinking Water.
Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in
accordance with NSF/ ANSI/CAN 60. Individual states or local agencies have authority
to accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdictions. Accreditation
of certification organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
NSF/ANSI/CAN 600 (which formerly appeared in NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 and 6 1
as Annex A, "Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures") does not stipulate a
maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not regulated by a
USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). The MALs of an unspecified list of
"unregulated contaminants" are based on toxicity testing guidelines (noncarcinogens)
and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of NSF/ANSI/CAN 600
procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier.
ANSI/AWWA B451 addresses additives requirements in Sec. 4.7 of the standard.
The transfer of contaminants from chemicals to processed water or the residual solids is
becoming a problem of greater concern. The language in Sec. 4.7 is a recommendation
only for direct additives used in the treatment of potable water to be certified by

' Persons outside the United States should contact the appropriate authority having jurisdiction.
** NSF International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
tt American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.
§§Standards Council of Canada, 55 Metcalfe Street, Suite 600, Ottawa, ON KlP 6L5 Canada.

ix
an accredited certification organization in accordance with NSF/ANSI/CAN 60,
Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals-Health Effects. However, users of the standard
may opt to make this certification a requirement for the product. Users of this standard
should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in order to:
1. Determine additives requirements, including applicable standards.
2. Determine the status of certifications by parties offering to certify products
for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water.
3. Determine current information on product certification.
I.D. Acceptance (Wastewater Service Applications). This is the first revision of
ANSl/AWWA B45 l that addresses wastewater service applications and standards.

II. Special Issues.

II.A. Safety. PolyDADMACs manufactured in solution form are not considered

to be toxic as household products nor are they considered primary skin or eye irritants
by the Consumer Product Safety Commission (US Federal Hazardous Substances
Act). Good housekeeping procedures and personal cleanliness are recommended when
handling polyDADMAC. PolyDADMACs manufactured in emulsion form contain
hydrocarbon solvents, the vapor of which can cause nausea, headaches, and other
symptoms.
Safety glasses should be worn when handling solution or emulsion forms of
polyDADMAC and, although not required, when handling the powder form.
Appropriate first-aid practices should be followed in all cases of exposure. In case of
eye contact, flush with plenty of water for at least 15 min and call a physician. Consult
the SDS for the specific product for safety information and procedures before handling
any polyDADMAC product or solution.
11.B. Spill Control. PolyDADMAC should be disposed of according to federal,
state, local, and provincial regulations. Solutions of polyDADMACs make floors and
other surfaces extremely slippery. A dike should be formed around the spill area to
contain as much material as possible, and the contained material should be shoveled,
scooped, or pumped, as appropriate, into suitable disposal containers. As much of any
remaining material as possible should be removed by adsorbing it on vermiculite or
other suitable adsorbing material and/or by wiping with adsorbing rags, as appropriate,
and placed into suitable containers for disposal. Emulsion or powder forms of
polyDADMAC will create very slippery solutions of polyDADMAC on contact with
water. The spill area should be thoroughly hosed with warm water only after all possible
polymer has been scooped up, adsorbed, or wiped up.

x
 III. Use of This Standard.

It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWA standard to determine that the

products described in that standard are suitable for use in the particular application
being considered.
III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. This AW WA standard can be used
to prepare a purchase specification but is not itself a specification because it cannot
address product requirements unique to the purchaser's specific application and does
not establish business relationships. In addition, this polyDADMAC standard does
not establish physical and chemical property specifications for any one polyDADMAC
product because the physical and chemical properties of polyDADMACs do not always
relate to their performance in specific applications.
Below are requirements that the user might consider when developing a
polyDADMAC polymer product purchase specification. This standard requires the
supplier to provide a product technical data sheet for each product in addition to an
SDS and requires specific information to be included in the product technical data
sheet. The information in a product technical data sheet may be used to establish or
comply with purchase specifications.
1. Compliance with the latest revision of ANSl/AWWA B451,
Poly(Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride), of latest revision, for potable water
supply service applications (water) or wastewater service applications (wastewater), as
applicable.
2. For potable water applications, compliance with NSF/ANSI/CAN 60,
Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals-Health Effects, is required.
3. Description of application.
4. Estimated annual purchase requirements (pounds/kilograms).
5. Typical order quantity (number of containers and pounds/kilograms).
6. Shipping address (destination).
7. Special delivery requirements (need for truck with a lift gate; length and
coupling sizes of hose needed for bulk delivery; transfer pump; allowed times of
delivery; limitations on truck size or weight; sampling protocol; other). Are there any
product physical property limitations such as a maximum viscosity that cannot be
handled by the storage or feed equipment?
8. Order lead time (the number of days between order placement and delivery
necessary if typical lead times are insufficient).
9. Billing addresses.
10. Financial terms.

xi
 1 1. Insurance/performance bond requirements.
12. Active polymer concentration in the product expressed as a weight percent.
13. Details of federal, state, provincial, territorial, and local requirements
(Sec. 4. 1).
14. Whether an affidavit of compliance is required for each shipment and lot
(Sec. 4.2.3).
15. Specific physical and chemical properties for quality control. Minimum
specifications should include visual inspection, total solids, Brookfield viscosity range,
and pH of product's solution. Other important properties can be selected from the
product technical data sheets of polyDADMAC products that have been shown to
perform acceptably in the actual application or in laboratory jar tests. Verification of
physical and chemical properties should be by the methods specified in Sec. 5 or by
other methods acceptable to both the purchaser and supplier.
16. Sampling requirements (Sec. 5.2).
17. Requirement for supplier to provide manufacturing location contact
information for quality control inquiries (Sec. 5.9).
18. Marking requirements (Sec. 6. 1).
19. Whether the purchaser will reject product from containers or packaging
with missing or damaged seals. The purchaser may reject product from bulk containers
or packages with missing or damaged seals unless the purchaser's tests of representative
samples, conducted in accordance with Sec. 5.2, demonstrate that the product meets
the standard. Failure to meet the standard or the absence of, or irregularities in, seals
may be sufficient cause to reject a shipment.
20. Whether alternative security measures have been adopted to replace or
augment the security measures set out in Sec. 6.2. 1 and Sec. 6.2.2.
111.B. Product Performance. Performance evaluation via a laboratory jar test
or other performance test is essential for confirming polyDADMAC activity. Such
a test is the only means of evaluating possible changes in the water composition, in
the temperature, or in the type or amount of other chemicals added along with the
polyDADMAC.
111.C. Modification to Standard Any modification to the provisions, definitions,
or terminology in this standard must be provided by the purchaser.

IY. Major Revisions. Major changes made in this revision of ANSI/AWWA

B451 include the following:
1. Minor boilerplate language updates in the following sections:
• I.C. Acceptance

xii
 • III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives
• 2: References
• 4. 1 Materials
• 4.2 Product Certifications/Affidavit of Compliance
• 4.7 Additive Requirements (Potable Water)
• 4.8 Impurities (Wastewater)
• 5.6 Determining and Quantifying Residual DADMAC m

PolyDADMAC Polymer Product

• 6. 1 Marking
• 6.2 Packaging and Shipping

V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard,

please call AWWA Engineering and Technical Services at 303.794.771 1; write
to the department at 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235-3098; or
email standards@awwa.org.

xiii
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 ANSl/AWWA 8451-23
(Revision of ANSl/AWWA 8451-16)

American Water Works

Association
Dedicated to the World's Most Important Resource®
AWWA Standard

..
�........________ ______

Poly(Diallyldimethylammonium
Chloride)

SECTION 1: GENERAL

Sec. 1 . 1 Scope
This standard describes poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)* for use in
the treatment of potable water, wastewater, and reclaimed water.

Sec. 1 .2 Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to provide the minimum requirements for
polyDADMAC products, including physical, chemical, packaging, shipping, and
testing requirements, and to provide the means of developing requirements for
specific polyDADMAC products.

Sec. 1 .3 Application
This standard can be referenced in documents for purchasing and receiving
polyDADMAC and can be used as a guide for testing the physical and chemical
properties of polyDADMAC samples. The stipulations for this standard apply
when this document has been referenced and then only to polyDADMAC used in
the treatment of potable water, wastewater, and reclaimed water. Each section or

* Diallyldimerhylammonium chloride is hereinafter abbreviated "DADMAC." Poly(diallyldimethylammonium

chloride) is abbreviated "polyDADMAC."
2 AWWA 845 1 -23

subsection of this standard shall apply to the treatment of potable water, wastewater,
and reclaimed water unless the section, subsection, or title states that it applies only
to potable water, only to wastewater, or only to reclaimed water.

SECTION 2: REFERENCES

This standard references the following documents. In their latest editions,

they form a part of this standard to the extent specified within the standard. In any
case of conflict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail.
APHA, * AWWA, and WEE t Standard Methods for the Examination of Water
and Wastewater. Washington, D.C.
ANSli/AWWA B452-EPl-DMA Polyamines.
ANSI/ AW WA B453-Polyacrylamide.
NSF§/ANSI/CAN� 60-Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals-Health
Effects.

SECTION 3: DEFINITIONS

The following definitions shall apply in this standard:

1. Day: A 24-h period.
2. Emulsion: A liquid polymer product form in which the polymer is
present as discontinuous particles suspended in a hydrocarbon solvent (also called
liquid, dispersion, or inverse emulsion).
3. Manufacturer: The party that manufactures, fabricates, or produces
materials or products.
4. Polymer: The polyDADMAC polymer in the product. Also called
active polymer.
5. Potable water: Water that is safe and satisfactory for drinking and
cooking.
6. Potable water applications: The application of polymer for treatment of
water for public consumption (potable water).

* American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20001.

t Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314.
* American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.
§ NSF International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
' Standards Council of Canada, 55 Metcalfe Street, Suite 600, Ottawa, ON KIP 6L5 Canada.
 POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE) 3

7. Powder: A polymer product form in which the polymer is a powder

(also called flake, dry, granular, or bead).
8. Product: The commercial substance "as sold" containing polymer (may
contain other substances, such as water).
9. Product technical data sheet: A document that provides technical
information, including the specific information required in Sec. 4. 8, for the specific
product in question.
10. Purchaser: The person, company, or organization that purchases any
materials, products, or services to be performed.
1 1. Reclaimed water: Wastewater that becomes suitable for beneficial use
as a result of treatment.
12. Solution: A polymer product form in which the polymer is an aqueous
solution (also called liquid, aqueous solution, or viscous solution).
13. Supplier: The party that supplies material, products, or services. A
supplier may or may not be the manufacturer.
14. Tamper-evident packaging: Packaging having one or more indicators
or barriers to entry that, if breached or missing, can reasonably be expected to
provide visible evidence to the purchaser that tampering has occurred. The tamper­
evident features of the packaging shall be designed to, and shall, remain intact
when handled in a reasonable manner during manufacture, storage, shipment,
and delivery to the purchaser. Properly constructed, labeled, closed, and sealed
multiwall paper bags and super sacks constitute effective forms of tamper-evident
packaging.
15. "Wastewater: A combination of the liquid and water-carried waste
from residences, commercial buildings, industrial plants, and institutions, together
with any groundwater, surface water, and stormwater that may be present.
16. "Wastewater/reclaimed water applications: The application of polymer
for treatment of wastewater or reclaimed water for any purpose other than for
potable water applications.

SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS

Sec. 4 . 1 Materials
Materials shall comply with the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water
Act and applicable federal, state, provincial, territorial, or other authoritative
regulations for potable water, wastewater, and reclaimed water systems.
4 AWWA 845 1 -23

Sec. 4.2 Product Certifications/Affidavit of Compliance

4.2. 1 Potable water applications. PolyDADMAC is a direct additive used
in the treatment of potable water. This material should be certified as suitable
for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water by an accredited certification
organization in accordance with NSF/ANSI/CAN 60. Evaluation shall be
accomplished in accordance with requirements that are no less restrictive than
those listed in NSF/ANSI/CAN 60. Certification shall be accomplished by a
certification organization accredited by the American National Standards Institute.
4.2.2 Wastewater/reclaimed water applications. PolyDADMAC is a direct
additive used in the treatment of wastewater. PolyDADMACs in solution or powder
form do not need to be certified as having been manufactured in accordance with
this standard because there are no specific additive (content) requirements in this
standard that apply. However, the user may wish to require the use of this standard's
requirements with respect to product marking, packaging, and shipping including
security requirements, nonconformance, manufacturing location identification,
quality control test procedure, and product technical data sheet information
requirements. PolyDADMACs in emulsion form should be certified by their
manufacturer or supplier or an accredited certification organization as suitable for
use in wastewater service applications in accordance with requirements that are no
less restrictive than those of this standard.
4.2.3 Affidavit of compliance. The purchaser may require an affidavit
from the manufacturer that the polyDADMAC product provided complies with
all applicable requirements of this standard for potable water or for wastewater, as
applicable. Product technical data sheets are required to state whether the product
meets all requirements of the latest edition of this standard for potable water and,
for emulsion-form polyDADMACs only, for wastewater. For products certified for
potable water, the product technical data sheet is required to state the certifying
organization that approved the use of the product for potable use based on NSF/
ANSI/CAN 60 and the maximum use level permitted by that certification.

Sec. 4.3 Description

PolyDADMAC is a completely quaternized polymer that is produced
when an aqueous solution of DADMAC monomer is polymerized to yield
polyDADMAC. Products that contain polyDADMAC may also contain residual
amounts of DADMAC monomer and dimethylamine as well as byproducts of the
chemical transformation of allyl chloride or impurities of raw materials that may
carry through the process. PolyDADMACs are primarily sold in a low-to-medium
 POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE) 5

molecular-weight range as aqueous solutions. PolyDADMAC in powder or

emulsion form is rare now but may be produced in the future. The molecular
weight is varied by controlling the polymerization reaction.

Sec. 4.4 Qualifications

Because polyDADMACs are a family of polymers, qualifications for the
physical and chemical requirements described in Sec. 4.5 through Sec. 4.9 cannot
be generically established. None of the physical or chemical requirements in
this standard can be used to identify the polyDADMAC product with the best
performance in a specific application before performance testing. Only performance
testing can determine which polyDADMAC performs best. Therefore, these
requirements are best used to ensure product quality and uniformity after a specific
polyDADMAC product has been chosen for use.

Sec. 4.5 Chemical and Physical Requirements

The chemical and physical requirements shall be determined by the purchaser
from the supplier's product technical data sheet in accordance with the specific
information required by this standard to be in product technical data sheets
(Sec. 4. 10), by the methods specified in Sec. 5, or by other methods acceptable to
both the purchaser and supplier.
4.5. 1 Appearance (visual inspection). The polyDADMAC product shall
be free from visible foreign matter and sediment. Color may vary from colorless to
amber. The product is usually clear but may exhibit slight turbidity. Viscosity may
vary from relatively low to relatively high, depending on the individual product's
polymer content and molecular weight.
4.5.2 Total solids. With respect to polyDADMAC sold as aqueous
solutions, individual products typically vary in polymer content from 10-40 percent
by weight (not a specification). The supplier must provide the polyDADMAC
product's total solids content based on the procedure specified in Sec. 5.4 before
its purchase so the purchaser can use it as a purchase specification and for quality
control purposes.
The total solids of polyDADMAC may be the same as or greater than the
polymer content. Stated differently, the polymer content of a product cannot be
greater than its total solids. The possible presence of inert or inactive ingredients is
the reason total solids and polymer content may be different.
The supplier must reveal the polymer content (active polymer concentration)
of each specific product, regardless of the product form. The difference between
6 AWWA 845 1 -23

the measured total solids and the supplier's stated active polymer content is the
nonvolatile inert or inactive solids content of the product. Requirements vary with
each product.
4.5.3 Bulk Brookfield viscosity. The bulk Brookfield viscosity (viscosity of
liquid polyDADMAC product as sold) requirements vary with each product. For
solution-form polyDADMACs, product bulk viscosities typically range from 30 to
greater than 10,000 centipoise (not a specification).
4.5.4 Bulk Brookfield viscosity of a specific solution concentration.
Requirements vary with each product (Sec. 5.4.3).
4.5.5 pH ofa solution. Requirements vary with each product (Sec. 5.4.4).

Sec. 4.6 Impurities (Potable Water)

4.6. 1 General. PolyDADMAC supplied according to this standard
shall contain no substances in quantities capable of producing deleterious or
injurious effects on the health of those consuming water that has been treated with
polyDADMAC in accordance with the supplier's recommendations and within the
maximum allowed dosage.
4.6.2 Specific. The following substances other than the polyDADMAC
polymer are known to typically be present in polyDADMAC products or can
be formed by the interaction of polyDADMAC with other substances in water
treatment applications:
1. PolyDADMACs contain measurable amounts of dimethylamine and
dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DADMAC monomer).
2. The following requirements shall apply to each polyDADMAC
product: The maximum allowable levels (MALs) for dimethylamine and
dimethyldiallylammonium chloride are determined through procedures outlined
in Appendix A of NSF/ANSI/CAN 60.
3. The user of polyDADMAC should be aware that dimethylamine
may react with disinfectants and other compounds to form significant levels of
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NOMA).
4. PolyDADMACs may contain measurable amounts of inorganic salt,
such as sodium chloride.
5. PolyDADMACs may contain measurable amounts of heavy metals.

Sec. 4.7 Additives Requirements (Potable Water}

The user of polyDADMACs shall comply with the following additive
requirements:
 POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE) 7

1. Maximum use level specified for each specific polyDADMAC product

by the agency certifying the product under NSF/ANSI/CAN 60.
2. Users of polyDADMACs should be aware of the possibility that there
may be more than one application of polyDADMAC in their water supply system
and that the maximum use level and any other additive requirements apply to the
aggregate of the maximum effective use levels of all applications of polyDADMAC
to the water, including all applications within the water treatment plant.
3. Any federal, state or provincial, and local requirements, including
approval, certification, and additive requirements.

Sec. 4.8 Impurities (Wastewater)

4. 8. 1 General. PolyDADMACs supplied according to this standard shall
contain no substances in quantities capable ofproducing deleterious ecotoxicological
effects on the receiving water into which wastewater treated with polyDADMAC
in accordance with the supplier's recommendations and this standard is discharged.
4. 8.2 Specific. The following substances other than the polyDADMAC
polymer are known to typically be present in polyDADMAC products or can be
formed by the interaction of polyDADMAC with other substances in wastewater
treatment applications:
1. PolyDADMACs contain measurable amounts of dimethylamine
and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DADMAC monomer). Levels of
dimethylamine and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride are determined through
procedures outlined in Appendix A of NSF/ANSI/CAN 60.
2. The user of polyDADMAC should be aware that dimethylamine may
react with disinfectants and other compounds to form N-nitrosodimethylamine
(NDMA).
3. PolyDADMAC manufactured in the emulsion form may contain
nonylphenol ethoxylate or nonylphenol ethoxycarboxylate surfactants, which
can degrade in a wastewater treatment plant or the environment to produce
nonylphenol.
4. PolyDADMAC manufactured in the emulsion form contains hydrocarbon
solvents that typically comprise 25-50 percent of the weight of the product.
5. PolyDADMAC may contain measurable amounts of inorganic salt, such
as sodium chloride.
8 AWWA 845 1 -23

Sec. 4.9 Additives Requirements (Wastewater)

The user of polyDADMACs shall comply with the following additive
requirements:
1. Any federal, state or provincial, and local requirements, including
approval, certification, and additive requirements.
2. For polyDADMACs manufactured in the emulsion form that contain
nonylphenol or ethoxylates or ethoxycarboxylates of nonylphenol, the maximum
use level shall be limited to not exceed the Freshwater or Saltwater Chronic Criterion
for nonylphenol, as applicable, calculated as the concentration of nonylphenol
exclusive of any ethoxylate or ethoxycarboxylate groups. In the United States, use
"Aquatic Life Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Nonylphenol" (USEPA*). In
Canada, use "Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic
Life-Nonylphenols and Its Ethoxylates" (Canadian Council of Ministers of the
Environmentt).

Sec. 4 . 1 0 Product Technical Data Sheet

The following specific information shall be provided for each product on a
product technical data sheet:
4.10. 1 Polymer type. State polyDADMAC or poly(diallyldimethylammo­
nium chloride).
4.10.2 Active polymer concentration. The weight percent active
polyDADMAC polymer in the product as manufactured. For PolyDADMAC
products, this shall be expressed as the weight-weight percent poly(diallyldimeth­
ylammonium chloride) in which it is assumed there is a single chloride ion for
each added diallyldimethylammonium ion. If there is more than one chloride ion
present for each added diallyldimethylammonium ion, only one chloride ion may
be included in the active polymer concentration. The weight percent active poly­
mer concentration or range thereof shall be expressed to the nearest one-tenth of
a percent.
4. 10.3 Relative molecular weight among polyDADMACs. Report the relative
viscosity average or weight average molecular weight based on the following relative
scale expressed in grams per mole:
Very high-greater than 1 million
High-0.2 million to 1 million

* US Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W, Washington, DC 20460.

t Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 123 Main St., Unit 360, W innipeg, MB R3C 1A3.
 POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE) 9

Medium-0.05 million to 0.2 million

Low-less than 0.05 million
4. 10.4 Charge ty pe. Report polyDADMAC as cationic composed of
primarily quaternary nitrogen groups.
4. 10.5 Relative charge density. State as the mole percent or weight percent
cationic monomer, which, for polyDADMAC, is 100 percent. If less than
100 percent, state the charge density on both a mole percent basis and a weight
percent basis.
4. 10.6 Product form. State as one of the following: aqueous solution,
emulsion/dispersion, or powder/granular.
4. 10. 7 Appearance. State the appearance.
4. 10. 8 Odor. State the odor, if any.
4. 10.9 Specific gravity or bulk density. State the specific gravity of liquids
(grams per milliliter) or bulk density of solids (kilograms per cubic meter), expressed
to the nearest 0.0 1 unit.
4. 10. 10 Moisture content. State the weight percent water (liquids) or
moisture (solids) in the product to the nearest percent.
4. 10. 1 1 Product viscosity. State the Brookfield viscosity of the product
at room temperature (state temperature in both Fahrenheit [FJ and Celsius [CJ
degrees, typically 7 l .6°F [22°C]). Provide a graph or table of the product's viscosity
as a function of temperature from 32-100°F (0-37.7°C), and state Brookfield
viscometer model, spindle, and speed used to develop the graph. Use of 12 rpm
and the procedure specified in this standard is recommended.
4. 10. 12 Solution viscosity. Provide a graph or table of the product's viscosity
as a function of dilution at room temperature or at several temperatures. State
the temperatures in both Celsius and Fahrenheit; the type of water used; and the
Brookfield viscometer model, spindle, and speed used to develop the graph. Use of
12 rpm and the procedure specified in this standard is recommended. Use of tap
water is recommended. Use of distilled or deionized water is not recommended.
4. 10. 13 Shelflife. Report the length of time the product can reasonably be
expected to retain 100 percent of its effectiveness.
4. 10. 14 Freezing point. State in both Fahrenheit and Celsius degrees.
4. 10. 15 Freeze-thaw stability. State the number of freeze-thaw cycles after
which degradation of the product's effectiveness can reasonably be expected.
4.10. 16 pH of a solution. State the pH of a specific concentration of the
product. State the weight percent concentration of the product and the temperature
at which this measurement was made.
10 AWWA 845 1 -23

4. 10. 17 Volatile organic compounds. State the weight percent of volatile

organic compounds in the product and the technique used to determine it.
4. 10. 18 Certification of meeting AWWA standard (water). State
whether the product meets all requirements of ANSl/AWWA B451, Poly­
(Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride), for water supply service applications.
4.10. 19 Certification of meeting AWWA standard (wastewater). If the
polyDADMAC is in emulsion form, state whether the product meets all
requirements of ANSl/AWWA B451, Poly(Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride),
for wastewater service applications.
4. 10.20 Certification of potable approval and maximum use level (water).
State the certifying organization that certified the use of the product for potable
use based on NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 and the maximum use level permitted by that
certification for water supply service applications.
4.10.21 Laboratory solution preparation procedure. State the product
dilution concentration recommended to be used for laboratory jar tests of the
product's efficacy on 1-L samples for water and/or for wastewater clarification
applications. State the laboratory solution preparation procedure that may be used
to obtain effective dilution (no loss of effectiveness) of the product. State the range
of concentrations this procedure applies to if there is an optimum range. State
what quality water must be used for the dilution. State the approximate shelf life
of diluted concentration solutions and the storage condition to which the shelf
life applies. State concentrations on a volume/volume percentage for liquids and a
weight volume percentage for solids.
4. 10.22 Product storage. State the recommended storage conditions for
liquid products stored in drums, liquid products stored in bulk, and dry products
stored in bags or drums.
4.10.23 Product feeding (general guidelines). State the general guidelines for
effectively preparing dilutions of the product and pumping it into an application.
State what quality dilution water should be used. State the generic types of pumps
that can be used and which type, if any, is preferred. State the storage and feeding
system materials of construction that are most compatible with the product
including pipes, tanks, and rubber parts. State any temperature requirements with
respect to storing and feeding.
4.10.24 Product samples. State a phone number, fax number, address, and
contact name or title who can be contacted to obtain small samples of the product
to use in laboratory testing.
 POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE) 11

4. 10.25 Product family information. State the product numbers, relative

molecular weights, and active polymer contents of other commonly used
polyDADMAC products the supplier offers.
4. 10.26 Total solids (optional). State the total solids of the product as
determined by the procedure in Sec. 5.4. 1 or state the procedure, if materially
different from Sec. 5.4. 1. If the supplier chooses not to state total solids in the
product technical data sheet, it must provide this information by another means in
accordance with Sec. 4.5.2.

SECTION 5 : VERIFICATION

Sec. 5 . 1 General
The methods provided in this standard are acceptable for determining
variations in polyDADMAC's physical and chemical properties but may not
provide exactly the same quantitative result as another equally valid method.

Sec. 5.2 Sampling

Sampling should be done at the point of destination. Each sample shall be
sealed in a dry, airtight glass or plastic container and carefully identified with a label
to include the following information: date and place of sampling, product name/
number, lot number, name of supplier, and name of sampler. Three samples of
each lot or shipment should be taken for compliance with the rejection procedure
(Sec. 5.8). Samples shall be taken from each tank car, tank truck, returnable or
nonreturnable bin, or a representative drum or pail. Samples should be thoroughly
shaken before each test portion is analyzed. Laboratory examination of the sample
should be completed as soon as possible; sample size should be at least 8 oz
(237 mL). Use only glass containers for emulsion-form polyDADMACs.
Norn: Samples should be properly disposed of as soon as possible after they
reach their stated shelf life.

Sec. 5.3 Visual Inspection

Visual inspection is the easiest qualitative test that can be used for quality
assurance of polyDADMACs. It is essential that the sample being inspected is
taken properly, stored properly, and inspected as soon as possible during the receipt
of the shipment or after the shipment of product is received. The sample shall be
observed individually and may also be compared to a previously acceptable sample
that has been stored properly and is within its shelf life.
12 AWWA 845 1 -23

Sec. 5.4 Test Procedures

5.4. 1 Total solids. This procedure is one of several that are applicable for
determining the total solids content of polyDADMAC polymer solutions. The
procedure is not corrected for inert ingredients; therefore, it may not give the
polymer content of the sample.
5.4. 1. 1 Apparatus.
1. Analytical balance.
2. Aluminum weighing dish.
3. Dropper pipettes or syringes, glass or plastic, 1-10 mL.
4. Forced draft oven, capable of maintaining temperature at ±2°C of set
point.
5. Desiccator and desiccant.
5.4. 1.2 Procedure.
1. Heat aluminum pans in oven at 105°C for a minimum of 1 h; remove;
cool in a desiccator.
2. Record tare weight of dried aluminum weighing dish to the nearest
0.000 1 g.
3. Using a syringe or dropper pipette, dispense sufficient polyDADMAC
polymer product into the weighing dish to yield a dried residue of 0.45 ± 0.05 g.
Record the total weight of the sample plus the weighing dish to the nearest 0.000 1 g.
For typical polyDADMAC polymer products, add approximately 2 g, although
this can vary from 1. 1-4.5 g, depending on the product. Spread the sample over
the surface of the aluminum dish to avoid formation of a crust during drying. It
may be necessary to add 3-5 mL of deionized water to assist spreading.
4. Place the aluminum weighing dish containing the weighed sample in a
105-1 10°C forced draft oven for 3 h.
Norn: For emulsion-form polyDADMAC, samples drying at 105-1 10°C
overnight (24 h) may yield a lower number because of slow evaporation of the
higher-boiling-point portion of the hydrocarbon oil. In this case, use the 24-h
number.
5. Remove the aluminum dish from the oven and cool in a desiccator.
Weigh the cooled dish to the nearest 0.000 1 g.
5.4. 1.3 Calculation.

( Weight of Dish + Dried Sample) - ( Weight of Empty Dish)

x
% Total Solids = 1 00 (Eq 1)
( Weight of Dish + Initial Sample) - ( Weight of Empty Dish)
 POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE) 13

Difference between duplicate samples should be less than ±0.5 percent. If

greater than ±0.5 percent, the test should be rerun.
5.4.2 Bulk Brookfield viscosity. A Brookfield Synchro-Lectric LVT
viscometer* or equivalent is used. The readings are taken with an appropriate
spindle number at an appropriate spindle speed, at a constant temperature. The
spindle number needed depends on the viscosity range of the specific product being
analyzed. The viscosity of polyDADMAC solutions increases with polymer solids
and molecular weight. PolyDADMAC solutions are thixotropic, such that their
viscosity will decrease with increasing spindle speed. It is best to use the spindle
and speed used by the manufacturer of the product for quality control purposes.
However, in the absence of such information, a speed of 12 rpm may be used and
the spindle varied to give a reading in the center of the viscometer's range.
5.4.2. 1 Apparatus.
1. Viscometer, Brookfield, Model LVT or equivalent.
2. Beaker: For solution-form polyDADMACs, use 180-mL tall form
Griffin beaker or other container of equal diameter and depth; for emulsion-form
polyDADMACs, use 600-mL beaker or other container of equal diameter and
depth.
5.4.2.2 Procedure.
1. Set up the viscometer without the guard attached. Level the instrument.
2. Attach the spindle specified by the polymer supplier. (Norn: Left-hand
threads.) If the manufacturer does not stipulate a specific spindle, start with spindle
number 1 and proceed through step 9; repeat steps 2-9, if necessary, with increasing
spindle numbers, until a spindle is found that gives a reading in step 9 that is in the
middle of the viscometer's scale range.
3. Pour enough sample into the container to cover the spindle up to the
groove.
4. Adjust the temperature of the sample to 25.0°C ± l .0°C.
5. Lower the viscometer with the spindle attached to the sample until the
surface of the sample meets the groove on the spindle shaft. The spindle should not
contact the bottom of the container.
6. Set the viscometer to the chosen revolutions per minute.
7. Turn on the viscometer motor.

* Brookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc., 11 Commerce Boulevard, Middleboro, MA 02346.

14 AWWA 845 1 -23

8. After the needle reaches a steady reading and after at least 10 revolutions,
depress the clutch lever on the back of the viscometer to "freeze" the needle on the
scale. With the clutch depressed, stop the viscometer motor when the needle is
visible in the viscometer window.
9. Read and record the position of the needle on the scale.
10. Repeat steps 7-9 to obtain three readings.
5.4.2.3 Calculations.
1. Average the three readings.
2. Obtain the Brookfield viscosity by multiplying the average reading
calculated in step 1 by the factor for that spindle and speed supplied by the
viscometer manufacturer.
5.4.3 Brookfield viscosity of a polyDADMAC polymer solution. Choose a
concentration and the basis of the concentration (weight or volume) to be prepared.
Prepare the solution. For solution-form PolyDADMACs, the polymer is simply
diluted with water and stirred until homogeneous to prepare a less concentrated
solution. For emulsion or powder forms of polyDADMACs, use the supplier's
recommended procedure or that specified in Sec. 5.5 of ANSl/AWWA B453.
Measure the Brookfield viscosity by the method described in Sec. 5.4.2. If possible,
the concentration and basis of concentration should be chosen, preferably, from
the supplier's product technical data sheet specification or the supplier's actual
product quality control procedure.
5.4.4 pH ofa solution.
5.4.4. 1 Apparatus.
1. pH meter.
2. Fiber junction and reference electrode.
3. pH reference buffer solutions above and below the pH range to be tested.
4. 180-mL tall form Griffin beaker or equivalent.
5. Thermometer.
6. PolyDADMAC polymer product solution. The specific concentration of
the solution should be chosen from the supplier's product literature. Alternatively,
the solution prepared for the Brookfield viscosity of a polyDADMAC polymer
solution test (Sec. 5.4.3) can be used.
5.4.4.2 Procedure.
1. Standardize the pH meter with the buffer solutions above and below the
pH range to be tested.
2. Add polymer solution to a 180-mL beaker.
 POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE) 15

3. Adjust the temperature setting of the pH meter to that of the polymer

solution, which should be at room temperature, 25°C ±2°C.
4. Measure the pH of the polymer solution.
5. Thoroughly rinse the electrodes after each test.

Sec. 5.5 Inorganic Impurities

5.5. 1 Percent sodium chloride. Determine sodium content by flame
emission photometry, sodium ion electrode, or other techniques as described in
the latest edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.
Calculate NaCl content:

x
SS.5 (Eq 2)
% NaCl = % Na
23

5.5.2 Other impurities. Other inorganic impurities, if any, shall be

determined by the procedures described in the heavy metals section of Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater or by other accepted,
applicable techniques.

Sec. 5.6 Determining and Quantifying Residual DADMAC in PolyDADMAC

Polymer Product
The analytical procedures used to determine the residual DADMAC
monomer should be those described in NSF/ANSI/CAN 60. The 2021 edition of
NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 describes this analytical procedure in Appendix N- 1 4.3.3.

Sec. 5.7 Determining PolyDADMAC Polymer

The following procedure is used to determine the amount of active
polyDADMAC in a sample of product. In this procedure, the product is assumed
to be an aqueous solution containing the active polymer and residual (inactive)
DADMAC monomer. The chloride-containing salt is assumed to be sodium
chloride. The amount of active polymer in the product is the total solids content
of the sample minus the amount of DADMAC monomer and sodium chloride,
where the percentages are based on mass.
Calculation:

% Active PolyDADMAC =
(Eq 3)
% Total Solids - % DADMAC Monomer - % Sodium Chloride

Total solids are determined by the procedure in Sec. 5.4. 1; percent DADMAC
monomer is determined by Sec. 5.6; and percent NaCl, from the procedure in
Sec. 5.5. 1. NOTE: If an inorganic chloride-containing salt other than sodium
16 AWWA B45 1 -23

chloride is present, this procedure may overestimate the amount of active polymer
in the sample.

Sec. 5.8 Notice of Nonconformancet

If the material delivered to the purchaser does not meet the chemical, physical,
safety, or security requirements of this standard, the purchaser shall provide a notice
of nonconformance to the supplier within 10 days after receipt of the shipment
at the point of destination. The results of the purchaser's test shall prevail unless
the supplier notifies the purchaser within five days after receipt of the notice of
nonconformance that a retest is desired. On receipt of the request for a retest,
the purchaser shall forward to the supplier one of the sealed samples taken in
accordance with Sec. 5.2. If the result obtained by the supplier does not agree
with the test results obtained by the purchaser, the other sealed sample shall be
forwarded, unopened, for analysis to a referee laboratory agreed on by both parties.
The results of the referee analysis shall be accepted as final.
Material not complying with the requirements of this standard and the
purchaser's documents may be rejected. Replacement and retesting shall be
accomplished in accordance with the purchaser's documents.
Because the exact concentration of the active ingredient in specific shipments
of some materials can vary within an acceptable range (thereby conforming to the
standard), the purchase documents between purchaser and supplier should address
treatment of concentration variation.

Sec. 5.9 Manufacturing Location Contact for Quality Control Inquiries

For the purposes of quality control, the purchaser may request and the
supplier must supply the location of manufacture of the polymer batch in question
along with the phone number and name of a person at the manufacturing location
whom the purchaser can directly contact to obtain quality control data on the
batch of polymer in question and discuss the quality control data and the analytical
tests used. At the time of the request, the purchaser must supply the following
information about the polymer product batch in question: product supplier
(company name and location, contact person, telephone number), product name
and number, product batch number, date the shipment of polymer containing
the batch was received, the quantity (number of drums, number of pounds if dry,

t There is an associated uncertainty or lack of precision involved in the experimental determination of any value.
Therefore, when comparing measured values with those indicated by the manufacturer's or supplier's affidavit of
compliance, the value indicated by the affidavit of compliance should fall within the range of the measured value,
i.e., within the range set by the average and its standard deviation.
 POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE) 17

number of gallons if bulk) of the shipment in which the product was received, and
the amount of the shipment the batch in question represents.

SECTION 6: DELIVERY

Sec. 6. 1 Marking
6. 1. 1 Required. Each shipment of material shall be identified as to
product, grade, net weight, name and address of the manufacturer, and the
brand name. Packages or containers shall show a lot number and identification of
manufacturer. All markings on packages, containerized, or bulk shipments shall
conform to applicable laws and regulations.
6. 1.2 Optional. Packages may also bear the statement, "Guaranteed
by (name of supplier or manufacturer) to meet the requirements of ANSI/
AWWA B45 l , Poly(Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride)," provided that the
requirements of this standard are met.

Sec. 6.2 Packaging and Shipping

PolyDADMACs are supplied in drums, returnable or nonreturnable bins,
pails, or in bulk. If shipped in bulk by tank truck or railcar, the tanks shall be
thoroughly cleaned before shipping polyDADMAC. Truck shipments shall be
accompanied by weight tickets, which are machine printed and dated. The shipper
shall follow federal, state or provincial, and local requirements.*
6.2. l Security requirements for nonbulk shipments. Packaged product shall
be stored, shipped, and delivered in tamper-evident packaging as defined in Sec. 3,
item 14, or an alternative method or methods may be agreed on by the manufacturer
and purchaser that provide a reasonable assurance of protection against tampering.
6.2.2 Security requirements for bulk shipments. Bulk quantities of product
shall be secured employing one of the following security measures (or a combination
of measures):
6.2.2. l Seals. Bulk quantities of product may be sealed with a uniquely
numbered tamper-evident seal(s). The seal numbers shall be recorded and disclosed
on shipping documents such as the bill oflading. Seals shall be inspected on receipt
of product by the purchaser, and evidence of tampering or removal should be
reported to the carrier and supplier.

* Because of frequent changes in regulations, the purchase documents should not attempt to describe the actual
regulations.
18 AWWA 845 1 -23

6.2.2.2 Chain of custody. A continuous chain of custody shall be

maintained between the manufacturer and the purchaser during storage and
shipment if so specified by the purchaser.
6.2.2.3 Alternative method. Alternative methods that provide reasonable
assurance of protection against tampering may be implemented if agreed upon by
the manufacturer and purchaser.

Sec. 6.3 Product Technical Data Sheets

Supplier shall provide a copy of the product technical data sheet:
• whenever a safety data sheet is sent;
• with the supplier's price proposal/public bid response;
• upon any significant change to the information in the product technical
data sheet; and
• upon any change in the product's designation (product number, product
trade name, supplier's name change).
Supplier need not provide product technical data sheets to users under Sec. 6.3
(item 3) and Sec. 6.3 (item 4) who have not ordered the product in the preceding
12 months.
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