M1 BASIC CONCEPT OF DISASTERS AND DISASTER RISK

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. What is this inherently unexpected and happening that comes quickly

without any warning?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. phenomenon

d. risk

2. A natural disaster is a(n) _____ event.

a. expected

b. planned

c. scheduled

d. unexpected

3. It is also called as the Circum-Pacific belt, the zone of earthquakes

surrounding the Pacific Ocean where about 99% of the world’s earthquake

occurs.

a. locust

b. drought

c. ring of fire

d. subsidence

4. All of the following show effect of disasters EXCEPT__________.

a. displacement of populations

b. damage to the ecological environment

c. destruction of a population’s homeland

d. sustained public attention during the recovery phase

5. Which of the following is an example of man-caused disaster?

a. storm surges

b. flooded coastal areas

c. landslide on mining sites

d. oil spills from shipping boat

6. Which of the following is an example of natural hazards?

a. factories

b. fault lines

c. mining sites

a. chemical plants

7. Which of the following is NOT a type of natural hazard that causes

disaster?

a. tornado

b. typhoon

c. earthquake

d. car accident

8. It is defined as the source of danger and something that may cause injury

or harm.

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. phenomenon

d. risk

9. Which of the following category is NOT part of man-made hazard?

a. terrorism/violence

b. technological/industrial

c. complex humanitarian emergencies

d. preventive and precautionary measures

10. Which of the following is useful to better establish priorities and

response activities, and systematize previous experiences?

a. disaster risk

b. effects of disaster

c. phases of disaster

d. categories of disaster

11. It involves the identification and mapping of the elements at risk and

the assessment of people, animals and plants that may be affected?

a. exposure

b. vulnerability

a. disaster risk
c. risk assessment

12. The potential disaster losses in lives, health statuses, livelihoods,

assets, and services, which could occur in a particular community or a

society over some specified future time period is called _______________.

a. disaster risk

b. disaster mitigation

c. disaster preparedness

d. disaster prevention

13. Disaster has a great impact on __________________.

a. buildings

b. garden

c. humanity

d. Parks

10

14. Which of the following is a product of the massive damages to life and

property caused by a hazard due to the vulnerability within a community?

a. destruction

b. disaster

c. disaster risk

d. vulnerability

15. Disaster risk can be determined by the presence of the following

elements of Disaster EXCEPT _______________.

a. phenomenon

b. coping capacity

c. vulnerability to a hazard

d. hazard (natural or man-made)

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet

of paper.

1. Which of the following is a sudden, calamitous event, bringing great

damage, loss, destruction, and devastation to life and property?

a. disaster

b. hazard
c. phenomenon

d. risk

2. A natural disaster can be a _____________ .

a. phenomenon

b. terrorism/Violence

c. technological/industrial issues

d. complex humanitarian emergencies

3. All of the following are the effects of disasters EXCEPT ___________

a. can destroy health infrastructure

b. can cause an unexpected number of deaths

c. can have adverse effects on the environment

d. can cause the ability of every specie to reproduce

22

4. It is also called as the Circum-Pacific belt, the zone of earthquakes

surrounding the Pacific Ocean where about 99% of the world’s earthquake

occurs.

a. drought

b. ring of fire

c. subsidence

d. Bermuda Triangle

5. Which of the following is NOT an example of man-caused hazard?

a. mutiny

b. genocide

c. earthquake

d. bombs or explosions

6. It is defined as the source of danger and something that may cause injury

or harm. It is also the uncertain course of events in a country.

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. risk

d. phenomenon

7. Which of the following category is a man-made hazard?

a. storm surges
b. flooded coastal areas

c. Landslide on Mining sites

d. Oil Spills from shipping boat

8. Which of the following is NOT included in the phases of disaster?

a. recovery phase

b. planning phase

c. emergency phase

d. preparedness phase

9. A natural disaster where sea waves of local or distant origin that results

from large-scale seafloor displacements associated with large earthquakes,

major submarine slides, or exploring volcanic hazards is called _______

a. earthquake

b. flood

c. tsunami

d. typhoon

23

10. During the initial stage of a disaster, almost all surface means of

transportation within the community are disrupted by broken bridges, roads, and

streets that are rendered impassable by landslides or floods. The restricted

mobility of vehicles makes rescue and other emergency operations doubly

difficult. What is this impact/ effect of disaster?

a. economic impact

b. social and political impact

c. damage to critical facilities

d. disruption of transportation

11. Which of the following variables will NOT determine the elements in

identifying disaster risk?

a. coping capacity

b. population explosion

c. vulnerability to a hazard

d. hazard (natural or man-made)

12. There are many impacts of Disaster, on what impact it will fall if a person is

suffering from post-traumatic stress syndrome?

a. physical wellbeing impact

b. mental wellbeing impact

c. social wellbeing impact

d. none of the above

13. Erica is outside the building. Which action should she do when she feels

the ground is shaking?

a. Stay away from trees, powerlines, post and concrete structures.

b. Move away from steep slopes which may be affected by landslides.

c. If near the shore and feel and earthquake, especially if it’s too strong,

move quickly to higher grounds.

d. All of the above.

14. The potential disaster losses in lives, health statuses, livelihoods, assets,

and services, which could occur in a particular community or a society over

some specified future time period is called _______________.

a. disaster risk

b. disaster mitigation

c. disaster prevention

d. disaster preparedness

15. Disaster has a great impact on which of the following aspect?

a. Bacteria

b. Human

c. Invention

d. Technology

m2 DIFFERENTIATING RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING DISASTERS

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet

of paper.

1. Which of the following is the process or condition, often development-related, that

influence the level of disaster risk by increasing levels of exposure and

vulnerability or reducing capacity?

a. risk factor

b. disaster risk
c. natural hazard

d. man-made hazard

2. Which of the following is NOT an element which causes disaster?

a. exposure

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

3. Which of the following BEST describes hazard?

a. loss of life or injury naturally

b. a phenomenon or human activity

c. potentially damaging physical event

d. reduction of vulnerability and exposure

4. Which of the following risk factors BEST describes the cause of COVID-19

pandemic?

a. climate change

b. weak governance

c. globalized economic development

d. poorly- planned and managed urban development

5. It refers to the changes that can be attributed “directly or indirectly to

human activity altering the composition of the global atmosphere and

additionally to the natural climate variability observed over comparable

periods of time”?

a. deforestation

b. climate change

c. global warming

d. carbon footprint

6. How will reduction of the level of vulnerability and exposure be possible?

a. proper knowledge on disaster risk

b. potentially damaging physical even

c. increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazard

d. by keeping people and property as distant as possible from hazards

7. Which of the following risk factors affect with inequality?

a. poverty

b. climate change

c. weak governance

d. globalized economic development

8. Unwillingness to assume their roles and responsibilities in governing

disaster risk unit, falls under which of the following risk factors?

a. climate change

b. weak governance

c. poverty and inequality

d. environmental degradation

9. Which among the groups suffer more adverse effects when an earthquake

causing disaster occurs?

a. men and women

b. children and women

c. old persons and women

d. old persons and children

10. The occurrence of landslides in the Philippines is increasing. This

kind of disaster will fall under which of the following risks?

a. poverty and inequality

b. climate change and weak governance

c. climate change and environmental degradation

d. climate change and globalized economic development

11. The ages below are average years ranges affected by specific situations

happening as a disaster occurs. Which of the following age ranges are

“Most Stressed-Out” after a disaster according to Asian Disaster

Preparedness Center (ADPC)?

a. 16-20

b. 20-30

c. 30-40

d. 40-60

12. Which of the following risk factors is the result in an increased

polarization between the rich and poor on a global scale?

a. climate change

b. poverty and inequality

c. environmental degradation

d. globalized economic development

13. Which of the following is NOT a contributor to the worst outcomes

when a disaster happened?

a. displacement

b. can handle stress

c. death of someone close

d. massive loss of property

14. Who among the following groups of people are more likely to live in

hazard-exposed areas and are less able to invest in risk-reducing measures

based on most studies in Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC)?

a. middle class

b. senior citizens

c. young professionals

d. impoverished people

15. It is a risk factor that is both a driver and a consequence of disasters,

reducing the capacity of the environment to meet social and ecological

needs, what is it?

a. climate change

b. weak governance

c. poverty and inequality

d. environmental degradation

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet

of paper.

1. Which of the following is the process or condition, often developmentrelated, that influence the level of disaster risk by
increasing levels of

exposure and vulnerability or reducing capacity?

a. risk factor

b. disaster risk
c. natural hazard

d. man-made hazard

10

2. Which of the following is NOT an element which causes disaster?

a. exposure

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

3. Which of the following BEST describes hazard?

a. loss of life or injury naturally

b. a phenomenon or human activity

c. potentially damaging physical event

d. reduction of vulnerability and exposure

4. Which of the following risk factors BEST describes the cause of COVID19 pandemic?

a. climate change

b. weak governance

c. globalized economic development

d. poorly- planned and managed urban development

5. It refers to the changes that can be attributed “directly or indirectly to

human activity altering the composition of the global atmosphere and

additionally to the natural climate variability observed over comparable

periods of time”?

a. deforestation

b. climate change

c. global warming

d. carbon footprint

6. How will reduction of the level of vulnerability and exposure be possible?

a. proper knowledge on disaster risk

b. potentially damaging physical even

c. increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazard

d. by keeping people and property as distant as possible from

hazards

7. Which of the following risk factors affect with inequality?

a. poverty

b. climate change

c. weak governance

d. globalized economic development

11

8. Unwillingness to assume their roles and responsibilities in governing

disaster risk unit, falls under which of the following risk factors?

a. climate change

b. weak governance

c. poverty and inequality

d. environmental degradation

9. Which among the groups suffer more adverse effects when an earthquake

causing disaster occurs?

a. men and women

b. children and women

c. old persons and women

d. old persons and children

10. The occurrence of landslides in the Philippines is increasing. This

kind of disaster will fall under which of the following risks?

a. poverty and inequality

b. climate change and weak governance

c. climate change and environmental degradation

d. climate change and globalized economic development

11. The ages below are average years ranges affected by specific situations

happening as a disaster occurs. Which of the following age ranges are

“Most Stressed-Out” after a disaster according to Asian Disaster

Preparedness Center (ADPC)?

a. 16-20

b. 20-30

c. 30-40

d. 40-60

12. Which of the following risk factors is the result in an increased

polarization between the rich and poor on a global scale?

a. climate change

b. poverty and inequality

c. environmental degradation

d. globalized economic development

13. Which of the following is NOT a contributor to the worst outcomes

when a disaster happened?

a. displacement

b. can handle stress

c. death of someone close

d. massive loss of property

12

14. Who among the following groups of people are more likely to live in

hazard-exposed areas and are less able to invest in risk-reducing

measures based on most studies in Asian Disaster Preparedness Center

(ADPC)?

a. middle class

b. senior citizens

c. young professionals

d. impoverished people

15. It is a risk factor that is both a driver and a consequence of disasters,

reducing the capacity of the environment to meet social and ecological

needs, what is it?

a. climate change

b. weak governance

c. poverty and inequality

d. environmental degradation

m3 DISASTERS AND ITS EFFECTS

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

a. Congenital condition
b. Neonatal condition

c. Pre-existing condition

d. Psychological condition

2. What is the collective term used for the condition of people who develop

stress reaction that negatively affect their physical and mental behavior

after suffering from a disaster?

a. displaced population

b. emotional aftershock

c. food scarcity

d. health risk

3. What do you call the effect of a disaster that causes a group of people

forced to leave their homes?

a. displaced population

b. emotional aftershock

c. food scarcity

d. health risk

4. Which among the following is NOT an effect of a disaster?

a. displaced population

b. emotional aftershock

c. food scarcity

d. health risk

5. What effect of disaster refers to the shortage of sustenance among

people?

a. displaced population

b. emotional aftershock

c. food scarcity

d. health risk

6. What is the term used referring to damaging incident that happened

unexpectedly in a certain society and caused harm to people and their

properties?

a. disaster

b. hazard
c. politicking

d. terrorism

7. COVID19 has caused millions of diseased people and thousands of

deaths all over the world. How are you going to name the damaging

event?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. politicking

d. terrorism

8. How are you going to call a dangerous condition that carries human

threat?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. politicking

d. terrorism

9. A strong typhoon hit an uninhabited area in the mountainous Sierra

Madre region. What are you going to name the damaging event?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. politicking

d. terrorism

10. What is it that disasters bring to humans?

a. devastation

b. excitement

c. fame

d. power

11. In a situation that you know you and your family are on a disaster risk

area, how could you reduce the impact of a disaster that may come in

your life?

a. Avoid the crowd.

b. Watch news to be informed.

c. Get the right mindset and preparation.

d. Build good relationships among neighbors.

9

12. Why should people need to plan and be ready for the possible

consequences of a disaster?

a. So that people would show their own capabilities.

b. So that people could set an example to others.

c. So that people would reduce the potential effects of disasters.

d. So that people could prepare ahead of time.

13. Which should be the right attitude in dealing the effects of a disaster?

a. Let us be mindful of others.

b. Try to be a leader for others.

c. Show positivity in dealing with it.

d. Be grateful on what the government can provide.

14. Which of the following characteristics will help a person to recover

quickly after a disaster?

a. One must be happy and hopeful.

b. One must be prayerful and friendly.

c. One must be wise and cooperative.

d. One must be resourceful and determined.

15. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused

by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a serious acute respiratory syndrome.

This was first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and then

spread around the globe, triggering a continuing pandemic SITUATION.

How can the Philippine win against disasters like COVID19?

a. Quarantine protocols must be continued.

b. People must maintain a clean environment at all time.

c. The citizens must follow health guidelines and safety measures.

d. The government must be allowed to decide for the good of the fellow

people.

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

e. Congenital condition
f. Neonatal condition

g. Pre-existing condition

h. Psychological condition

2. What is the collective term used for the condition of people who

develop stress reaction that negatively affect their physical and mental

behavior after suffering from a disaster?

a. displaced population

b. emotional aftershock

c. food scarcity

d. health risk

3. What do you call the effect of a disaster that causes a group of people

forced to leave their homes?

a. displaced population

b. emotional aftershock

c. food scarcity

d. health risk

19

4. Which among the following is NOT an effect of a disaster?

a. displaced population

b. emotional aftershock

c. food scarcity

d. health risk

5. What effect of disaster refers to the shortage of sustenance among

people?

a. displaced population

b. emotional aftershock

c. food scarcity

d. health risk

6. What is the term used referring to damaging incident that happened

unexpectedly in a certain society and caused harm to people and their

properties?

a. disaster

b. hazard
c. politicking

d. terrorism

7. COVID19 has caused millions of diseased people and thousands of

deaths all over the world. How are you going to name the damaging

event?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. politicking

d. terrorism

8. How are you going to call a dangerous condition that carries human

threat?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. politicking

d. terrorism

9. A strong typhoon hit an uninhabited area in the mountainous Sierra

Madre region. What are you going to name the damaging event?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. politicking

d. terrorism

20

10. What is it that disasters bring to humans?

a. devastation

b. excitement

c. fame

d. power

11. In a situation that you know you and your family are on a disaster

risk area, how could you reduce the impact of a disaster that may

come in your life?

a. Avoid the crowd.

b. Watch news to be informed.

c. Get the right mindset and preparation.

d. Build good relationships among neighbors.

12. Why should people need to plan and be ready for the possible

consequences of a disaster?

a. So that people would show their own capabilities.

b. So that people could set an example to others.

c. So that people would reduce the potential effects of disasters.

d. So that people could prepare ahead of time.

13. Which should be the right attitude in dealing the effects of a

disaster?

a. Let us be mindful of others.

b. Try to be a leader for others.

c. Show positivity in dealing with it.

d. Be grateful on what the government can provide.

14. Which of the following characteristics will help a person to recover

quickly after a disaster?

a. One must be happy and hopeful.

b. One must be prayerful and friendly.

c. One must be wise and cooperative.

d. One must be resourceful and determined.

15. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease

caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a serious acute respiratory

syndrome. This was first detected in Wuhan, China in December

2019 and then spread around the globe, triggering a continuing

21

pandemic SITUATION. How can the Philippine win against disasters

like COVID19?

a. Quarantine protocols must be continued.

b. People must maintain a clean environment at all time.

c. The citizens must follow health guidelines and safety measures.

d. The government must be allowed to decide for the good of the

fellow people.

VULNERABILITIES
\M5

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. What are the three phases of disaster management planning for vulnerable

community to make it less susceptible?

a. planning, evacuating, and recovery

b. preparation, response, and recovery

c. evacuating, rebuilding, and recovery

d. preparation, planning, and perception

2. Risk is a situation where in a community is being exposed to danger. What

are the two factors that affect the risk level of a community?

a. alert and alarm

b. hazards and threats

c. hazard and vulnerability

d. vulnerability and susceptibility

3. The following are involved in National Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management planning EXCEPT___________.

a. media

b. Catholic church

c. national government

d. Local Government Units (LGU)

4. Which is NOT a tool provided by the government to protect vulnerable

communities?

a. Government using research to predict storms and floods.

b. Government utilizing computer systems to determine risk levels.

c. Government relocating natural disaster victims to more stable areas.

d. Government funding Army corps of Engineers projects to build bridges

5. Which of the following can be frequently prevented and anticipated?

a. disasters
b. natural hazards

c. human-made hazard

d. socio-economical hazards

6. Which group belongs to the most vulnerable?

a. professionals

b. indigenous people

c. government officials

d. small entrepreneurs

7. It refers to the community’s ability to reduce vulnerability through

prevention, mitigation, response, and recovery.

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. resiliency

D. risk

8. It is a set of existing conditions, which badly affect the community’s

ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous

events.

A. disaster

B. disaster risk

C. hazard

D. vulnerability

9. What does the statement “Vulnerability is situation specific” means?

a. Vulnerability cannot be determined easily

b. Not all communities are vulnerable to earthquake

c. It means that vulnerability depends in every individual

d. Vulnerability of a certain community depends on the level of

preparedness

10. The following are ways on how to develop resiliency EXCEPT________.

a. ability to identify the hazards

b. ability to escape a specific event

c. ability to respond immediately after the disaster

d. ability to prepare all the time for the possible outcome

11. Complete the sentence. High vulnerability level and high hazard

status are associated with_______________.

a. low disaster risk

b. high disaster risk

c. medium disaster risk

d. none of the above

12. Which of the following groups of people are more vulnerable to

disasters?

A. men, women, boys

B. men, boys, old people

C. women, children, old people

D. none of the above

13. The following factors can help lessen the vulnerability of a community

EXCEPT _______________.

a. preparedness of the community

b. presence of Disaster Risk Reduction Management Team

c. availability of health services and facilities in times of calamity

d. provisions of housing on areas that have fault lines in the vicinity

14. Which statement best describes vulnerability?

a. Vulnerability can cause the loss of life or injury, property damage.

b. Vulnerability is a potentially damaging physical event,

phenomenon, or human activity .

c. Vulnerability can generate social and economic disruption or

environmental degradation .

d. Vulnerability is the susceptibility of an individual or a group of

people on the impact of natural hazard.

15. Why do you think the total number of deaths attributable to natural

hazards has risen overall?

a. because less people lived in less vulnerable areas

b. because events are better documented today than in the past

c. because the magnitudes of natural hazard events are increasing

d. because human population are increasing in areas that are

vulnerable

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. A community with high level of vulnerability and high hazard has ___.

a. high disaster risk

b. low disaster risk

c. medium disaster risk

d. none of the above

2. Which of the following groups of people is more vulnerable to disasters?

a. men, boys, old people

b. men, women, boys

c. women, children, old people

d. none of the above

3. Which of the following factors does not help lessen the vulnerability of a

community?

a. preparedness of the community

b. presence of Disaster Risk Reduction Management Team

c. availability of health services and facilities in times of calamity

d. provisions of housing on areas that have fault lines in the vicinity

4. Which statement best describes vulnerability?

a. Vulnerability can cause the loss of life or injury, property damage.

b. Vulnerability is potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon, or

human activity.

c. Vulnerability can generate social and economic disruption or

environmental degradation.

d. Vulnerability is the susceptibility of an individual or a group of people on

the impact of natural hazard.

5. What is the main reason why there has been an overall increase in the

number of deaths related to natural hazards?

a. Less people lived in less vulnerable areas

b. Events are better documented today than in the past

c. The magnitudes of natural hazard events are increasing

d. Human population are increasing in areas that are vulnerable

6. Which group belongs to the most vulnerable?

a. professionals

b. indigenous people

c. government officials

d. small entrepreneurs

18

7. It refers to the community’s ability to reduce vulnerability through

prevention, mitigation, response, and recovery.

a. hazard

b. disaster

c. resiliency

d. risk

8. It is a set of existing conditions, which badly affect the community’s

ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous

events.

a. disaster

b. disaster risk

c. hazard

d. vulnerability

9. What does the statement “Vulnerability is situation specific”

means?

a. vulnerability cannot be determined easily

b. not all communities are vulnerable to earthquake

c. it means that vulnerability depends in every individual

d. vulnerability of a certain community depends on the level of

preparedness

10. The following are characteristics of a resilient community

except___________.

a. ability to identify the hazards

b. ability to escape a specific event

c. ability to respond immediately after the disaster

d. ability to prepare all the time for the possible outcome

11. What are the three phases of disaster management planning for

vulnerable community to make it less susceptible?

a. planning, evacuating, and recovery

b. preparation, response, and recovery

c. evacuating, rebuilding, and recovery

d. preparation, planning, and perception

12. Risk is a situation where in a community is being exposed to

danger. What are the two factors that affect the risk level of a

community?

a. alert and alarm

b. hazard and threat

c. hazard and vulnerability

d. vulnerability and susceptibility

19

13. The following are involved in National Disaster Risk Reduction

Management planning EXCEPT___________.

a. media

b. Catholic church

c. national government

d. local Government Units

14. Which is NOT a tool provided by the government to protect

vulnerable communities?

A. utilizing computer systems to determine risk levels

B. using research and studies to predict storms and floods

C. relocating natural disaster victims to more stable areas

D. congress funding Army corps of Engineers projects to build

bridges

15. Which can frequently be prevented and anticipated?

a. disasters

b. natural hazards

c. socio-economical

d. human-made hazard

M6

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. It refers to a serious disruption of the functioning community and losses

in human life, material, economic and environmental.

a. disaster

b. disaster risk

c. hazard

d. vulnerability

2. What situation has the CAPACITY to bring damages to lives, properties

and the environment?

a. element risk

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

3. You currently live in a condominium. There is a super typhoon and the

power went off due to damaged electric posts, but they have a generator,

so the power supply is immediately restored. All of the following are the

reasons why you are less vulnerable than other people living in city

EXCEPT__________.

a. human activities affect the intensity of the typhoon

b. availability of services during times of natural disaster

c. ability to anticipate, respond, and adapt to current situation

d. presence of facilities that can be used to respond immediately

when needed

4. Factors affecting vulnerability are the following EXCEPT ______________.

a. building codes and policies

b. population density

c. occurrence of natural hazards

d. location of the community

5. On what situation will you consider a major earthquake as a non-

disastrous one?

a. when it happens in a faraway country

b. when it happens to less than 1000 people

c. when it happens to less than 10,000 people

d. when it happens in an area without any people

6. Which of the following concepts DOES NOT fall under vulnerability?

a. exposure

b. susceptibility

c. lack of coping capacities

d. absence of adaptive capacities

7. All the following can increase the level of vulnerability EXCEPT

_________.

a. very populated areas/community

b. insufficient fund for relief operations

c. inadequate facilities for immediate disaster response

d. community provides accessible services and facilities for

response
8. Philippines is now less vulnerable to typhoon because _________.

a. our country is not heavily populated

b. local Government Units cannot provide adequate evacuation

centers

c. our country has sufficient budget to augment the loses in

livelihood

d. our government already acquired technology that can predict

super typhoon

9. Increased human population can sometimes result to _____________.

a. lowered risk

b. less exposure

c. decreased hazard

d. increased vulnerability

10. During the initial stage of a typhoon that causes disaster, almost

all surface means of transportation within the community are disrupted

by broken bridges, roads, and streets that are rendered impassable by

landslides or floods. The restricted mobility of vehicles makes rescue

10

and other emergency operations doubly difficult. What is this impact/

effect of disaster?

a. economic impact

b. social and political impact

c. damage to critical facilities

d. disruption of transportation

11. What could be the possible reason why urban region is more

vulnerable to COVID-19 than the rural region?

a. Urban region has more population than rural region.

b. Rural region has more population than urban region.

c. Rural region has higher population density than urban region.

d. Urban region has higher population density than rural region.

12. Why is it that Japan is less vulnerable to COVID-19 pandemic than

other Asian countries?

a. They have more population.

b. They have less population density.

c. They have the capacity to do mass testing.

d. They can provide sufficient numbers of PPE.

13. NCR has very high population density making it more vulnerable to

any hazard like what happened during the lockdown where all

members of the family have no choice but to stay in a very small living

space. To lessen the population density of NCR, the government

proposed the ___________.

a. Libreng Hatid Probinsya

b. Gulayan sa Bakuran Program

c. Balik Probinsya, Bagong Pag-asa Program

d. Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act

14. Population density means________.

a. number of households in an area in relation to the size of an area

b. number of individuals living in an area in relation to the size of

an area

c. number of individuals inhabiting in a particular space at the

same time

d. number of households inhabiting in a particular space at the

same time

11

15. The following factors can affect the level of vulnerability EXCEPT _____.

a. capabilities of the authorities

b. human population

c. human population density

d. level of awareness of the community

Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate

sheet of paper.

1. Increased human population can sometimes result to ____.

a. lowered Risk

b. less exposure

c. decreased hazard

d. increased vulnerability

2. During the initial stage of a typhoon that causes a disaster, almost all

surface means of transportation within the community are disrupted by

broken bridges, roads, and streets that are rendered impassable by

landslides or floods. The restricted mobility of vehicles makes rescue and

other emergency operations doubly difficult. What is this impact/ effect of

disaster?

a. economic impact

b. social and political impact

c. damage to critical facilities

d. disruption of transportation

3. What could be the possible reason why urban region is more

vulnerable to Covid-19 than the rural region?

a. Urban region has more population than rural region.

b. Rural region has more population than urban region.

c. Urban region has higher population density than rural region.

d. Rural region has higher population density than urban region.

4. Why is it that Japan is less vulnerable to COVID-19 pandemic than

other Asian countries?

a. they have more population

b. they have less population density

c. they have the capacity to do mass testing

d. they can provide sufficient numbers of PPE

5. NCR has very high population density making it more vulnerable to any

hazard like what happened during the lockdown where all members of the

family have no choice but to stay in a very small living space. To lessen

the population density of NCR, the government proposed the __________.

a. Libreng Hatid Probinsya

b. Gulayan sa Bakuran Program

c. Balik Probinsya, Bagong Pag-asa Program

d. Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act

20

6. Which of the following concepts DOES NOT fall under vulnerability?

a. absence of adaptive capacities

b. exposure

c. lack of coping capacities s

d. susceptibility

7. All of the following can increase the level of vulnerability EXCEPT____.

a. very populated areas/community

b. insufficient fund for relief operations

c. inadequate facilities for immediate disaster response

d. community provides accessible services and facilities for response

8. Philippines is now less vulnerable to typhoon because _________.

a. our country is not heavily populated.

b. local government units cannot provide adequate evacuation

centers.

c. our country has sufficient budget to augment the loses in

livelihood.

d. our government already acquired technology that can predict

super typhoon.

9. Population density means________.

a. number of households in an area in relation to the size of an area

b. number of individuals living in an area in relation to the size of an

area

c. number of individuals inhabiting in a particular space at the same

time

d. number of households inhabiting in a particular space at the same

time
10. The following factors can affect the level of vulnerability EXCEPT___.

a. human population

b. human population density

c. level of awareness of the community

d. capability and efficiency of the authorities

11. It refers to a serious disruption of the functioning community and

losses in human life, material, economic and environmental.

a. disaster

b. disaster risk

c. hazard

d. vulnerability

12. What situation has the CAPACITY to bring damages to lives,

properties, and the environment?

a. element at risk

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

21

13. You currently live in a condominium. There is a super typhoon and

the power went off due to damaged electric posts, but they have a

generator so the power supply is immediately restored. All of the

following are the reasons why you are less vulnerable than other people

living in city EXCEPT__________.

a. human activities affect the intensity of the typhoon

b. availability of services during times of natural disaster

c. ability to anticipate, respond, and adapt to current situation

d. presence of facilities that can be used to respond immediately

when needed

14. Factors affecting vulnerability are the following EXCEPT ____________.

a. population density

b. location of the community

c. building codes and policies

d. occurrence of natural hazards

15. On what situation will you consider a major earthquake as a non-

disastrous one?

a. when it happens in a far away country

b. when it happens to less than 1,000 people

c. when it happens to less than 10,000 people

d. when it happens in an area without any people

M7

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. Which among the following is classified as social vulnerability?

a. fatalism

b. soil quality

c. health facilities

d. leadership qualities

2. What is the degree to which a population, system, service or geographic

area is likely to be affected or disrupted by the impact of a particular

hazard?

a. capacity

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

3. What element is exposed to hazard during typhoon when the houses are

destroyed?
a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

4. What element is exposed when flood occurred due to deforestation?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

5. COVID 19 pandemic affected the economy resulting to closure of many

businesses during the enhanced community quarantine. What element is

mostly affected?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

6. Increased human population can sometimes result to ____.

a. lowered risk

b. less exposure

c. decreased hazard

d. increased vulnerability

7. Some areas in Cavite is situated within the fault lines stated at risk by

PHILVOLCS. What element has least possibility of being exposed to hazard?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

8. COVID 19 pandemicaffected the operations of establishments such as malls and

other leisure establishments which were prohibited from operating to prevent

further community transmission. Which element is mostly exposed?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical
d. social

9. What factors determine the level of disaster risk?

I. nature of the hazard

II. exposure of the community at risk

III. vulnerability of the elements which are affected

IV. economic value of the elements which are affected

a. I and II

b. II and III

c. III and IV

d. II and IV

10. All of the following choices can least likely cause physical vulnerability EXCEPT

_____________.

a. pandemic

b. storm surge

c. tsunami

d. wild fire

11. Which among the following is considered as socio-economical hazard?

a. volcanic eruption

b. flooding and drought

c. chemical contamination

d. environmental degradation

12.Why is it important to quantify vulnerability?

a. to identify the community that are at risk

b. to determine the incoming hazardous events

c. to estimate how much mitigation and preparedness is applicable

d. to know the local government units to approach during hazardous event

13. How will you quantify the vulnerability of the people?

a. get the ratio of the number of people died to the total population

b. get the ratio of the number of people survived to the total population
c. get the ratio of the total population to the number of people survived

d. get the ratio of the number of casualties or injured to the total population

14. The vulnerability status of a structure or building depends on the following

EXCEPT ________.

a. cost of repair

b. economic losses

c. extent of damage

d. degree of injury to the people

15. Kaingin is a human practice where in a forest is converted to farmland. In this

case, what element is most likely exposed to hazard?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. Which among the following is classified as social vulnerability?

a. fatalism

b. soil quality

c. health facilities

d. leadership qualities

2. What is the degree to which a population, system, service or geographic

area is likely to be affected or disrupted by the impact of a particular

hazard?

a. capacity

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

3. What element is exposed to hazard during typhoon when the houses are

destroyed?

a. economical
b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

16

4. What element is exposed when flood occurred due to deforestation?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

5. COVID 19 pandemic affected the economy resulting to closure of many

businesses during the enhanced community quarantine. What element is

mostly affected?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

6. Increased human population can sometimes result to ____.

a. lowered risk

b. less exposure

c. decreased hazard

d. increased vulnerability

7. Some areas in Cavite is situated within the fault lines stated at risk by

PHILVOLCS. What element has least possibility of being exposed to hazard?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

8. COVID 19 pandemic affected the operations of establishments such as malls

and other leisure establishments which were prohibited from operating to

prevent further community transmission. Which element is mostly exposed?

a. economical
b. environmental

c. physical

e. social

9. What factors determine the level of disaster risk?

V. nature of the hazard

VI. exposure of the community at risk

VII. vulnerability of the elements which are affected

VIII. economic value of the elements which are affected

a. I and II

b. II and III

c. III and IV

d. II and IV

17

10. All of the following choices can least likely cause physical vulnerability

EXCEPT _____________.

a. pandemic

b. storm surge

c. tsunami

d. wild fire

11. Which among the following is considered as socio-economical hazard?

a. volcanic eruption

b. flooding and drought

c. chemical contamination

d. environmental degradation

12.Why is it important to quantify vulnerability?

a. to identify the community that are at risk

b. to determine the incoming hazardous events

c. to estimate how much mitigation and preparedness is applicable

d. to know the local government units to approach during hazardous event

13. How will you quantify the vulnerability of the people?

a. get the ratio of the number of people died to the total population

b. get the ratio of the number of people survived to the total population

c. get the ratio of the total population to the number of people survived

d. get the ratio of the number of casualties or injured to the total population

14. The vulnerability status of a structure or building depends on the following

EXCEPT ________.

a. cost of repair

b. economic losses

c. extent of damage

d. degree of injury to the people

15. Kaingin is a human practice where in a forest is converted to farmland. In

this case, what element is most likely exposed to hazard?

a. economical

b. environmental

c. physical

d. social

m8

What I Know

Read each item carefully and choose the best answer. Write your

answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is a harmful event, material, human behavior, or disease that

may cause loss of life, injury or other health effects, harm to

property, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic

disturbance, or damage to the environment.

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

2
2. ___________________ signifies the possibility of adverse effects in the future.

It is derived from the interaction of social and environmental processes,

from the combination of physical hazard and the vulnerabilities of exposed

elements.

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

3. A serious disruption of the functions of a community or a society causing

widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which

exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its

own. What is it?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. resiliency

d. risk

4. It is the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or

asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.

a. disaster

b. disaster Risk

c. hazard

d. vulnerability

5. It refers to the element at risk from a natural or man-made hazard event.

a. exposure

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability
6. Which group belongs to the most vulnerable?

a. employees

b. professional

c. indigenous people

d. small entrepreneurs

7. Which of the following is not a man-made hazard event?

a. drought

b. wars and civil strife

c. leakage of toxic waste

d. environmental pollution

8. Disaster Management includes:

a. mitigation

b. reconstruction

c. rehabilitation

d. all of the above

9. Which among the following groups of people is more vulnerable in the

event of disaster?

a. men, women, girls

b. men, women, boys

c. men, boys, old people

d. women, children, old people

10. Which of the following elements is exposed to hazard?

a. human Beings

b. building structures

c. public transport system

d. all of the above

11. Hazards can arise during excavations due to the fact that there are

many cables and pipelines buried in the ground. This is why ‘rules for
careful excavation’ have been established. What is one of these rules?

a. When using an excavator always use a toothed excavator bucket.

b. Never dig in areas where cables or pipelines are known to be buried

in the ground.

c. First, manually dig trial trenches close to the specified location of

the cables or pipelines.

d. All of the above

12. Which belongs to the elements exposed to hazard?

a. environmental Assets

b. dwellings of households

c. agricultural commodities

d. all of the above

13. Which is not an example of types of mitigation measures?

a. hazard mapping

b. flood plain mapping

c. raising of homes in flood-prone areas

d. implementing and enforcing building codes

14. It is the action of reducing the severity, seriousness or painfulness of

something.

a. migration

b. misconception

c. mitigation

d. mutation

15. Which is not belong to the General classification of elements at risk?

a. population

b. infrastructures

c. essential facilities

d. transportation facilities

Assessment
Read each item carefully and choose the best answer. Write your answer on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. It is a harmful event, material, human behavior, or disease that may cause loss

of life, injury or other health effects, harm to property, loss of livelihood and

services, social and economic disturbance, or damage to the environment.

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

2. ___________________ signifies the possibility of adverse effects in the future. It is

derived from the interaction of social and environmental processes, from the

combination of physical hazard and the vulnerabilities of exposed elements.

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

3. A serious disruption of the functions of a community or a society causing

widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which exceed the

ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own. What is it?

a. disaster

b. hazard

c. resiliency

d. risk

4. It is the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or

asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.

b. disaster

c. disaster Risk

d. hazard

e. vulnerability
5. It refers to the element at risk from a natural or man-made hazard event.

a. exposure

b. hazard

c. risk

d. vulnerability

16

6. Which group belongs to the most vulnerable?

a. employees

b. professional

c. indigenous people

d. small entrepreneurs

7. Which of the following is not a man-made hazard event?

a. drought

b. wars and civil strife

c. leakage of toxic waste

d. environmental pollution

8. Disaster Management includes:

a. mitigation

b. reconstruction

c. rehabilitation

d. all of the above

9. Which among the following groups of people is more vulnerable in the event of

disaster?

a. men, women, girls

b. men, women, boys

c. men, boys, old people

d. women, children, old people

10.Which of the following elements is exposed to hazard?

a. human beings

b. building structures
c. public transport system

d. all of the above

11.Hazards can arise during excavations due to the fact that there are many cables

and pipelines buried in the ground. This is why ‘rules for careful excavation’ have

been established. What is one of these rules?

a. When using an excavator always use a toothed excavator bucket.

b. Never dig in areas where cables or pipelines are known to be buried in

the ground.

c. First, manually dig trial trenches close to the specified location of the

cables or pipelines.

d. All of the above

12.Which belongs to the elements exposed to hazard?

a. environmental assets

b. dwellings of households

c. agricultural commodities

d. all of the above

17

13.Which is not an example of types of mitigation measures?

a. hazard mapping

b. flood plain mapping

c. raising of homes in flood-prone areas

d. implementing and enforcing building codes

14.It is the action of reducing the severity, seriousness or painfulness of something.

a. migration

b. misconception

c. mitigation

d. mutation

15.Which is not belong to the General classification of elements at risk?

a. population

b. infrastructures
c. essential facilities

d. transportation facilities

M9 HAZARDS AND ITS TYPES

WHAT I KNOW

Which is not the meaning of Hazard?

A Hazard is an agent which has the potential to cause harm to

vulnerable target.

B. Hazard cannot cause harm or damage to humans, property, or

environment.

C. Hazard is defined as the source of danger and is something that

may cause injury or harm. It is also the uncertain course of

events in a country.

D.

Hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human

activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other

health

impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and

services, social and economic disruption, or environmental

damage.

2.

Which is not an example of Natural Hazards?

A. fires

C. landslides

B. floods

.o tsunami

3. It is the type of Hazard that arises through interaction of natural

processes and human activities

A.natural hazards C. technological (or man-made) hazards

B. quasi-natural hazards

D. none of the above

4. Which is an example of Natural Hazard?

A. avalanche
C. pollution

B. plane crash

D. smog

5. This type of hazards arises directly as a result of human activities

A. natural hazards C. technological (or man-made) hazards

B. quasi-natural hazards

D. none of the above

Which is not an example of Quasi- Natural Hazards?

A. air pollution

C. volcanic eruptions

B. smog

D. water Pollution

7.Which is an example of Quasi- Natural Hazards?

A. fog

C. strom surge

B. landslides D. toxic

8. It is the type of hazards that arises from natural processes in the

environment.

A. natural hazards

C. technological (or man-made) hazards

B. quasi-natural hazards

D. none of the above

9. Which is an example of Natural Hazards?

A. dam failures

C. plane Crashes

B. sandstorm

D. smog

10. Which of the following is a man-made disaster?

A.

major fire

C. terrorism

B. ollution

D. all of the above

11. Bush Fire is an example of what types of Hazards?

A. natural hazards

C. technological (or man-made) hazards

B. quasi-natural hazards

D. none of the above

12. Which one of the following is a Type of Natural Hazard?

A. acid rain

C. pollution

B. oil spill

D. wild fire

13. What is drought?

A. No rainfall for a long continuous period

B. Heavy rainfall for a long continuous period

C . Moderate rainfall for a long continuous period

D. None of the above

14. Which is not associated with the word HAZARD?

A. cautious

C. peril

B. menace

D. risk

15. These are the examples of Natural Hazards in the Philippines EXCEPT

A. avalanche

C. volcanic eruptions

B. lightning

D. none of the above

ASSESSMENT

Which is not the meaning of Hazard?

A. Hazard is an agent which has the potential to cause harm to

vulnerable target.

B. Hazard cannot cause harm or damage to humans, property, or

environment.

C. Hazard is defined as the source of danger and is something that

may cause injury or harm. It is also the uncertain course of

events in a country.

D. Hazard is

dangerous phenomenon, substance, human

activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other

health

impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and

services, social and economic disruption, or environmental

damage.

2. Which is not an example of Natural Hazards?

C. fires

C. landslides

D.floods

D. tsunami

3. It is the type of Hazard that arises through interaction of natural

processes and human activities.

c. natural hazards

C. technological (or man-made) hazards

D. quasi-natural hazards

D. none of the above

4. Which is an example of Natural Hazard?

.o avalanche

C. pollution

D. plane crash

D. smog

5. This type of hazards arises directly as a result of human activities

c. natural hazards

C. technological (or man-made) hazards

D. quasi-natural hazards

D. none of the above

6. Which is not an example of Quasi- Natural Hazards?

C. air pollution C. volcanic eruptions

D.smog

D. water Pollution
7. Which is an example of Quasi- Natural Hazards?

C.fog

C. strom surge

D. landslides

D. toxic

8. It is the type of hazards that arises from natural processes in the

environment.

c. natural hazards C. technological (or man-made) hazards

D. quasi-natural hazards

D. none of the above

9. Which is an example of Natural Hazards?

C. dam failures

C. plane Crashes

D. sandstorm

D. smog

10. Which of the following is a man-made disaster?

C. major fire

C. terrorism

D. pollution

D. all of the above

11. Bush Fire is an example of what types of Hazards?

C. natural hazards

C. technological (or man-made) hazards

D. quasi-natural hazards

D. none of the above

12. Which one of the following is a Type of Natural Hazard?

C. acid rain

C. pollution

D. oil spill

D. wild fire

13. What is drought?

E. No rainfall for a long continuous period

F. Heavy rainfall for a long continuous period

G. Moderate rainfall for a long continuous period

H. one of the above

14. Which is not associated with the word HAZARD?

C. cautious

C. peril

D. menace

D.risk

15. These are the examples of Natural Hazards in the Philippines EXCEPT

C. avalanche

C. volcanic eruptions

D. lightning

D. none of the above

M10 HAZARDS : ITS IMPACT IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT

What I Know

Write the letter of the best answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Aron Angelo and Peodatto are both working in the same chemical

laboratory and are both exposed to same kind and amount of hazardous

chemicals. Aron Angelo, though has weaker immune system than

Peodatto. Between them, who is less vulnerable to develop a disease

caused by chemical exposure?

A. Aron Angelo C. Either Aron Angelo or Peodatto

B. Peodatto D. They have same level of vulnerability.

2. People residing near the seashore are usually in greater danger of

experiencing a tsunami than those residing farther from the seashore.

Which of the following statements about the given scenario is correct?

A. The seashore is the risk.

B. The occurrence of a tsunami is the risk.

C. People residing far from the seashore are the ones exposed to

the hazard.
D. Vulnerability is greater for people residing farther from

the seashore.

3. Which impact of a hazard is psychological?

A. viral disease

B. anxiety and mental trauma

C. destruction of houses and buildings

D. retrenchment of employees in manufacturing companies

For items 4 to 6

Octopus-wiring and electrical connections might lead to fire. This is common

in small houses with large number of family members, making each family

member susceptible to the danger.

4. Which is the hazard in the given situation?

A. living in a small house

B. potential occurrence of fire

C. large number of family members in a small house

D. octopus-wiring and electrical connections

5. Which is the risk in the given scenario?

A. living in a small house

B. potential occurrence of fire

C. large number of family members in a small house

D. octopus-wiring and electrical connections

6. Which gives the information on vulnerability?

A. living in a small house

B. potential occurrence of fire

C. large number of family members in a small house

D. octopus-wiring and electrical connections

For items 7 to 11,

In each given scenario, classify the hazard impact if it is (A) physical, (B)

psychological, (C) socio-cultural, (D) economic, (E) environmental or (F)

biological.

7. depression and fear B

8. coronavirus disease F
9. stoppage of industrial operations D

10. collapse of buildings A

11. body injuries (bruises, wounds) A

12. It refers to knowing all the agents in a certain workplace that can

cause accidents or any type of harm.

A. hazard identification

B. risk assessment

C. safety management

D. SWOT analysis

13. Which of the following are given consideration in risk assessment?

A. probability and impact

B. severity and type of hazard

C. type of hazard and impact

D. impact and type of damage/ harm

14. Vergel suffers from a mental depression after he lost his job when the

company where he used to work retrenched many of its employees. To

what type of hazard impact does Vergel’s depression belong?

A. biological

B. environmental

C. physical

D. psychological

15. The Amazon rainforest was thought to have 2.5 million species of

insects. It used to be referred to as the “Lungs of the Planet” because it

produces more than 20% of the world’s oxygen. In September 18, 2019,

it burned at a rate not seen in almost a decade. What type of hazard

impact did this incident bring?

A. environmental

B. physical

C. psychological

D. socio-cultural

Assessment
Write the letter of the best answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which sequence is correct in hazard identification and risk

assessment?

I. Modify procedures based on risk assessment.

II. Assess risks.

III. Monitor the modifications if followed.

IV.Identify hazards.

A. IV, III, I, II C. II, I, IV, III

B. IV, II, I, III D. II, IV, I, III

2. Which of the following is true about risk assessment?

A. It is done to know which risk should be addressed first.

B. It tells which risk is the most serious.

C. Risk assessment is done by taking into consideration both

probability and impact.

D. All of the above

3. Which impact of a hazard is an economic impact of hazard?

A. Viral disease

B. Anxiety and mental trauma

C. Destruction of houses and buildings

D. Retrenchment of employees in manufacturing companies

For items 4 to 6, match the terms with their meanings.

As a construction worker, Tyrel works in height, thus is prone to fall. He is

well-trained and wears protective equipment, though.

4. Which is considered as risk in this given scenario?

A. potential fall

B. being well-trained

C. working in height

D. wearing of protective equipment

5. Which is considered as the hazard?

A. potential fall

B. being well-trained

C. working in height

D. wearing of protective equipment

16

6. Since Tyrel is well-trained and always wears protective equipment,

how will you judge his vulnerability to a fall?

A. high

B. low

C. moderate

D. cannot be determined

For items 7 to 11, given the following hazard impacts, tell whether it is

physical, psychological, socio-cultural, economic, environmental or biological.

7. Pollution of oceans and rivers

A. biological C. environmental

B. economic D. psychological

8. SARS

A. biological C. environmental

B. economic D. psychological

9. Retrenchments/ Job loss

A. biological C. environmental

B. economic D. socio-cultural

10. Mental trauma

A. biological C. psychological

B. economic D. socio-cultural

11. Broken bones

A. economic C. physical

B. environmental D. socio-cultural

12. Which is an example of socio-cultural impact?

A. insanity

B. burnt skin

C. closing of factories

D. religious conflict as a result of sudden displacement of group

of people

13. Which of the following should be given consideration in risk

assessment?

A. probability and impact

B. type of hazard and impact

C. severity and type of hazard

D. impact and type of damage/ harm

14. If the product of probability and impact is 12, what is the descriptive

rating of a given risk?

A. low C. high

B. moderate D. extreme

15. The higher the chance a risk will happen and the greater the severity

17

of the impact, the _______ is the priority that should be given to

a risk.

A. higher C. more uncertain

B. lower D. less uncertain

M11 EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate

sheet of paper.

1. What do you call to the ground surface that sinks or settles due to an

earthquake?

A. ground shaking C. rupture

B. liquefaction D. submerging

2. Which of the following is not a secondary effect of an earthquake?

A. fire C. surface rupture

B. landslide D. tsunami

3. Along what type of plate boundaries do earthquakes occur?

A. convergent plate boundaries C. submergent plate

B. divergent plate boundaries D. transform-fault boundaries

4. It refers to large ocean waves caused by violent movement in the ocean

floor.

A. landslide C. subsidence

B. liquefaction D. tsunami
5. If you were to buy a house, where would you prefer to build it?

A. A brick building in an area underlain artificial till

B. A brick building in an area beneath granite

C. A brick structure in an area underlain by sand and

silt sediments

D. All the choices above are equally good locations.

6. Many divergent plate boundaries coincide with ________________.

A. edges of the continents C. transform faults

B. mid-ocean ridge D. volcano

7. During large earthquakes, which is responsible for the greatest number

of fatalities?

A. fires

B. large objects (buildings) fall on people

C. people buried alive

D. sanitary fails

8. Earth’s external heat engine is driven by what source of energy?

A. coal C. petroleum

B. natural gas D. Sun

9. Massive soil erosion from a hill or mountain is called ________________.

A. landslide C. subsidence

B. liquefaction D. tsunami

10. Which can help reduce the risk of an earthquake?

A. effective earthquake instrumentation

B. building resistant structures

C. hazard maps

D. all of the above

11. The lithosphere is that portion of the earth where rocks behave as

________________.

A. brittle solids C. plastic solids

B. fluid D. Soft rocks

12. At transform plate boundaries, ________________.

A. Two plates slip past horizontally each other

B. Two plates move in opposite directions away from each other.

C. Two plates move in opposite directions toward each other.

D. Two plates are sub-ducted beneath each other.

13. Liquefaction is caused by ________________.

A. movement of tectonic plates

B. motion along earth’s faults

C. shifting of bedrocks

D. decreasing density or compactness of soil

14. Choosing the right materials and design in building your house is an

example of ________________.

A. earthquake instrumentation

B. hazard mapping

C. structural engineering

D. None of the above

15. Which of the following is not a secondary hazard caused by an

earthquake?

A. landslides C. loss of lives

B. liquefaction D. tsunami

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate

sheet of paper.

1. Which community will be least affected by an earthquake?

A. A community that is within 1km radius of the epicenter.

B. A community that experiences an earthquake with a depth of

focus of 100km.

C. A densely populated community that has no earthquake

preparedness measures in place.

D. A community that experiences an earthquake with a magnitude

of 7.5.

2. Which of the following is caused by a landslide or explosion under the

oceans?

A. fire C. liquefaction

B. ground rupture D. tsunami

17

3. At convergent plate boundaries, _________________

A. Two plates slip past horizontally each other

B. Two plates move in opposite directions away from each other

C. Two plates move in opposite directions toward each other

D. Two plates are moving vertically

4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about reduction of earthquake

risks?

A. Hazards maps must be made.

B. Accurate data recording of earthquakes.

C. Strong and resilient buildings must be developed.

D. Careful analysis and interpretation of ground shaking

is unnecessary.

5. Which secondary effect of an earthquake is described as collapse of

buildings caused by earthquake vibrating water-saturated fill or

unconsolidated soil?

A. flood C. liquefaction

B. landslide D. tsunami

6. Many divergent plate boundaries coincide with __________.

A. edges of the continents C. transform faults

B. mid-ocean ridge D. volcano

7. What might happen when ground shaking results to breakage of gas,

electrical lines and fuel lines, and overturning of stoves?

A. fire C. liquefaction

B. landslide D. subsidence

8. Which can help reduce the risk of an earthquake?

A. hazard maps

B. building resistant structures

C. Through effective earthquake instrumentation

D. All of the above

9. During large earthquakes, which is responsible for the greatest number

of fatalities?

A. drowning
B. fires

C. people buried alive

D. Large objects (buildings) fall on people

18

10.Which is not a cause of earthquake?

A. movement of tectonic plates

B. changing of soil density

C. motion along earth’s faults

D. shifting of bedrocks

11.Accurate data gathering, recording and interpretation of data

pertaining to ground shaking are all components of _______________.

A. hazard mapping

B. earthquake instrumentation

C. structural engineering

D. none of the above

12.Which of the following is a primary hazard caused by an

earthquake?

A. cracks on the ground/ faults

B. landslides

C. liquefaction

D. tsunami

13.When you are inside a building when earthquake begins, you

should _______________.

A. Run outside immediately

B. Duck, cover and hold on

C. Go to an open space.

D. Call your friends and relatives to let them know if you are okay

or not.

14.Which can be prevented by reinforcing slopes and rerouting of water

passages?

A. landslide

B. liquefaction

C. subsidence
D. tsunami

15.If you are at risk from earthquakes, what can you do to prepare for

an earthquake?

A. Choose a safe place in every room of your house like sturdy

tables or desk.

B. Develop a family disaster plan.

C. Educate yourself on earthquake safety measures.

D. All of the above

VOLCANIC ERUPTION

AWAN MABIRUKAKON THE