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(Unit 4) Me 366 Solutions Manual (28 - 05 - 2021)

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ME 366 DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO TUTORIAL PROBLEMS, 2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR.

UNIT 4
UNIT 4, TUTORIAL PROBLMS SET 4 (Page 91- 93)
Unit 4, Problem 1
550  15 pud ud
Mean film temperature T f   282 .5 0 C (555 .5K ) But Re =  From Tables
2 μ μ
6  0.15
μ  4.515 x 10 5 m 2 /s; k  4.39 x10 -5 kW/m K ; and Pr  0.68  Re x   19933.6
4.515  10 5
Hence , Nu  0.332  0.68  199336  12  823/288 0.117  46.6
1
3

46.6 x4.39 x 10 5
h  Nu k/x   0.01364 kW/m 2 K
0.15
The arrange heat transfer deficient h  zhx
 2  0.01364
 0.02728 W/m2 K
Heat transfer Q  h A s (Ts  T )
 0.02728  2  0.15   550  15
= 4.38 kW

Unit 4, Problem 2
160  40
Mean bulk temperature Tb   100 0 C From the table provided
2
ud 1.5  0.01
Re    735.3 Re  2300 hence flow is laminar
 20.4  10 6
hd
ρ  839 kg 6 2  Nu  3.65 
m , μ  20.4  10
3 m , C p  2.22 KJ K; k  0.137 W k
s kg mK
3.65  0.137
h  50.005 w 2
0.01 m K
Unit 4, Problem 3
Mean film temperature T f  0.5352  288  320 K
2 gρ 2 δ 3 Δt gδ 3 Δt
Pr  0.702, v  1.759  10 5 m ; Gr   
s 2 ν2
1 9.81   79  15  0.6
3
Grx    1.522  109
1.759  10  2
288 5

Therefore Nu  0.509  0.702 Pr  0.95214 Gr  14 ;


1
2 Nu  0.509  0.838  0.8818 197.52  74.29
5
NuK 74.29  2.778  10 4 4
h   0.00344 kW 2 h  x h x  x 0.00344  0.00459 kW/m2 K  4.59 W/m2 K
d 0.6 mk 3 3
q  h ATs  T0   4.59  3  0.6  79  15 q  528.8 W

ME 366 SOLUTIONS MANUAL Professor F.K. Forson May, 2021


Page 1
ME 366 DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO TUTORIAL PROBLEMS, 2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR.

Unit 4, Problem 4.
Properties: The density and dynamic viscosity of water are given to be  = 999.7 kg/m3 and  =
1.30710-3 kg/ms, respectively.
Analysis: (a) First we need to determine the flow regime. The Reynolds number of the flow is
Vm D (999.7 kg/m 3 )(1.2 m/s)(2 10 -3 m)
Re    1836 Water
 1.307  10 -3 kg/m  s
which is less than 2300. Therefore, the flow is laminar. Then the D = 0.2 cm
friction factor and the pressure drop become 1.2 m/s L = 15 m
64 64
f    0.0349
Re 1836
L Vm2 15 m (999.7 kg/m 3 )(1.2 m/s) 2  1 kN  1 kPa 
P  f  0.0349   2 
 188 kPa
D 2 0.002 m 2  1000 kg  m/s  1 kN/m 
(b) The volume flow rate and the pumping power requirements are
  V A  V (D 2 / 4)  (1.2 m/s)[(0.002 m) 2 / 4]  3.77  10 6 m 3 / s
V m c m

  6  1000 W 
W pump  VP  (3.77  10 m 3 / s)(188 kPa )   0.71 W
 1 kPa  m /s 
3

Therefore, power input in the amount of 0.71 W is needed to overcome the frictional losses in the flow
due to viscosity.
Unit 4, Problem 5
50  10
Mean film temperature T f   30 0C  303K 
2
 50  10
P  air   0.575 kg 3
RTair 287  303 m
 ud 0.575  20  0.5
  1.85  10 5 K  0.0263; Pr  0.7 Re  
 1.85  105
For flow over is another mal horizontal flat plate with Re  5 105 and 0.6  pr  50
1 1
Nu  0.664 Re 2 P 3

 0.664   3.11  105  2   0.702 


1 1
3

 0.664  557.7  0.889


hx
 329.21 
k
K  329.21 0.263  329.21
h   17.3 W 2
x 0.5 m K
q  h ATn  T0   17.3  0.5  40  173 W
2

ME 366 SOLUTIONS MANUAL Professor F.K. Forson May, 2021


Page 2
ME 366 DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO TUTORIAL PROBLEMS, 2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR.

Units 4, Problem 6
Tf = 100  10  55 O C  ( 328K)
2
P 0.2  101.325  103
 air    0.2153 kg m3
RT 287  328

 = 1.974  10 5 ; K = 0.0284; Pr = 0.7

 u L 0.2158  5  0.2 flow


Rl    10906.8  5  105 
 1.974 10 5
laminar
1
Nu = 0.102 Re 0.675 Pr 3

= 0.102  531.43 0.888  48.134 .

N u  K 48.134  0.0284
Q = hA (Tw  T ) h   6.84 W 2
x 0.2 m k

Q
 h (Tn  To )  6.84  90  615.6 W 2 .
A m
Unit 4, Problem 7
uL
Re 
v
R V 107  v
U  e 
L L
For atr at 20 C 1 ATM, = 1.53 x 10-5
o

107  1.53  105


U=  153 m / s
1m
Unit 4, Problem 8
u m d
Re = 1500 = T= 35oC d = 0.025m

P= 993 kg 3 M = 7.24 x 10-4 K= 0.627
m
  1500 7.24  104  1500
Um =   0.04375m / s
pd 993  0.025
Uo= 2um = 0.0875 m/s.
hd
Nu = 4.364 =
k
k  4.364 0.627  4.364
h=   109.4 W
0.025 0.025 m.k

ME 366 SOLUTIONS MANUAL Professor F.K. Forson May, 2021


Page 3
ME 366 DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO TUTORIAL PROBLEMS, 2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR.

Unit 4, Problem 9

Unit 4, Problem 10

Unit 4, Problem 11

ME 366 SOLUTIONS MANUAL Professor F.K. Forson May, 2021


Page 4
ME 366 DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO TUTORIAL PROBLEMS, 2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR.

Unit 4, Problem 12

Unit 4, Problem 14

SELECTED UNIT 4 MCQ’S SOLUTIONS

1. Since both sides of each fin are exposed to the surroundings air, the surface area for convective heat
transfer is:
The heat flow from the surface to the fluid is given by Newton’s law of cooling:

Therefore, when the motor cycle is stationary


And when the motor cycle is moving,

2. The convective heat flow from a solid surface to the surrounding fluid is given by Newton’s law of
cooling,
Substituting the given data, we obtain, 8.8 = 1.136A (65-20)

Therefore, heat exchanger surface area,

3. The heat transfer coefficient is given by the expression,

From the given boundary layer temperature profile

ME 366 SOLUTIONS MANUAL Professor F.K. Forson May, 2021


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ME 366 DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO TUTORIAL PROBLEMS, 2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR.

4. The heat transfer coefficient is prescribed by the relation

Assuming linear variation of temperature,

5. The convective heat flow is prescribed by the relation

Then from the relation:

Temperature gradient at the surface,

Temperature at 0.5 mm from the surface is

6. Mean film temperature,


⸫ Convective film coefficient,
Rate of heat loss,
7. At the mean film temperature, tf = (35+15)/2 = 25 ℃, the thermo-physical properties for air are:

Since ( ) is more than , the flow is turbulent, and accordingly

Convective heat loss,

Radiation heat loss,

ME 366 SOLUTIONS MANUAL Professor F.K. Forson May, 2021


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ME 366 DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO TUTORIAL PROBLEMS, 2020/2021 ACADEMIC YEAR.

8. In case of turbulent flow through a tube, the average value of heat transfer coefficient is prescribed by
the relation,

Further, as there is no change in the temperatures, the fluid properties remain constant.
(i) When the tube diameter and the fluid properties remain constant

That is, two-fold increase in the flow velocity results into 74.1 % increase in heat transfer.

(ii) When the flow velocity and the fluid properties remain unchanged

That is, with two-fold increase in tube diameter, the heat transfer decreases by 13 %.

9. For air at tf = 325 K and p = 1 atm, the thermo-physical properties of air are:

These properties may be assumed to be independent of pressure to an excellent approximation.

This is well in excess of the critical Reynolds number for flow in tubes (2500); the flow is turbulent and
the given correlation applies,
Convective film coefficient,

Heat flow rate,


10. For the rectangular duct, characteristic length is

Obviously, the flow is turbulent and accordingly

Area of duct per meter length

ME 366 SOLUTIONS MANUAL Professor F.K. Forson May, 2021


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