CRANK AND SLIDER MECHANISM

Objective
To obtain the maximum displacement, velocity and acceleration of a crank slider
mechanism.

Apparatus
Crank and Connecting rod apparatus.

Connecting Rod

Piston

Crank

Figure 1: Crank and Connecting rod apparatus.

Theory
There are three types of planar rigid body motion :

Translation.
Translation occurs if every line segment on the body remains parallel to its original
direction during the motion. When all points move along straight lines, the motion is
called rectilinear translation. When the paths of motion are curved lines, the motion
is called curvilinear translation.
Rotation about a fixed axis.
In this case, all the particles of the body, except those on the axis of rotation, move
along circular paths in planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
General plane motion.
In this case, the body undergoes both translation and rotation. Translation occurs
within a plane and rotation occurs about an axis perpendicular to this plane.

From theory,

The piston displacement is given by;

X = r ( 1 - cos θ ) + I ( sin² θ ) / ( 2N² )
Where r is the crank radius
I is the length of the link
N is the ratio of the link to the crank radius
The piston velocity is given by;
V = ω r [ (sin θ + (sin 2θ) / 2N) ]
The piston acceleration is as follows;
F = ω² r [ (cos θ + (cos 2θ) / 2N) ]
Procedure
1. We Decide the crank radius and the connecting rod length.

2. We Rotate the crank to check the working of the assembly.

3. Before we are taking the reading, we turned the crank slowly and watch the
movement of the piston. After that, the piston was slide in one direction, then
reverse.

4. We Located the position where the piston started to reverse.

5. We use this position as the started point.

6. We decided to use one end of the piston as the marker to measure the piston
movement.

7. For accurate result, we took small increment of the piston readings.

8. We rotated the crank and recorded the corresponding piston movement.

9. We took reading for every 5 degrees of the crank rotation.

10. Lastly, we recorded the readings in table provided.

Result
Crank Rdg
Piston Movement Crank Rdg θ Piston Movement
θ
(mm) (mm)
0 103 185 53
5 103 190 53
10 103 195 53
15 102.5 200 53.5
20 101.5 205 54.5
25 101 210 55
30 99.5 215 56
35 99 220 57.5
40 97.5 225 59
45 96 230 60
50 94.5 235 62
55 92 240 63.5
60 90 245 65
65 88 250 67
70 86 255 69
75 84 260 71
80 82 265 73
85 79.5 270 75
90 77 275 77
95 75 280 79.5
100 73 285 81.5
105 71 290 84
110 68.5 295 86
115 67 300 88
120 65 305 90
125 62.5 310 92
130 61.5 315 94
135 60 320 95.5
140 58.5 325 97
145 57.5 330 98.5
150 56.5 335 99.5
155 55.5 340 100.5
160 54.5 345 101.5
165 53.5 350 102
170 53.5 355 102.5
175 53 360 103
180 53

Table 1: Experimental Data

Crank radius = 25 mm
Length of connecting rod = 160 mm
 VELOCITY vs Time (25mm)
0
0.000 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000
-0.5
-1
VELOCITY

-1.5
-2
-2.5
-3
TIME

V vs T THEORY Linear (V vs T THEORY)

V vs T EXPERIMENT Linear (V vs T EXPERIMENT)

DISPLACEMENT VS TIME (25mm)

0.000
0.000 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000
-10.000
DISPLACEMENT

-20.000

-30.000

-40.000

-50.000

-60.000
TIME

D VS T THEORY Polynomial (D VS T THEORY)

D VS T EXPERIMENT Polynomial (D VS T EXPERIMENT)

ACCELERATION vs TIME (25 mm)

0.000
0.000 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000
-0.050
ACCELERATION

-0.100

-0.150

-0.200

-0.250

-0.300
TIME

A vs T THEORY Linear (A vs T THEORY)

A vs T EXPERIMENT Linear (A vs T EXPERIMENT)
 Crank Rdg θ Piston Movement Crank Rdg θ Piston Movement
(mm) (mm)
0 115.00 185 42.00
5 116.00 190 42.00
10 115.50 195 42.00
15 115.50 200 42.50
20 114.00 205 43.00
25 113.00 210 44.50
30 111.00 215 46.00
35 109.50 220 47.00
40 107.50 225 49.00
45 104.50 230 51.00
50 101.50 235 53.00
55 99.90 240 55.00
60 96.00 245 58.00
65 93.00 250 61.00
70 89.00 255 64.00
75 86.00 260 67.00
80 83.00 265 70.00
85 79.00 270 72.50
90 76.00 275 76.00
95 72.50 280 79.50
100 69.00 285 83.00
105 65.50 290 86.00
110 63.00 295 89.00
115 60.50 300 93.00
120 58.00 305 96.00
125 55.00 310 99.00
130 53.00 315 102.00
135 51.00 320 105.00
140 49.00 325 107.00
145 47.50 330 109.00
150 46.00 335 111.50
155 45.00 340 112.00
160 43.50 345 114.00
165 43.00 350 115.00
170 42.00 355 115.00
175 42.00 360 115.50
180 42.00

Table 2: Experimental Data

Crank radius = 37.5 mm
Length of connecting rod = 160 mm
 VELOCITY vs TIME (37.5 mm)
1
0
0.0000 10.0000 20.0000 30.0000 40.0000 50.0000 60.0000 70.0000

VELOCITY
-1
-2
-3
-4
TIME

V vs T THEORY
Linear (V vs T THEORY)
V vs T EXPERIMENT
Linear (V vs T EXPERIMENT)

DISPLACEMENT VS TIME (37.5 mm)

10.0000
0.0000
0.0000 10.0000 20.0000 30.0000 40.0000 50.0000 60.0000 70.0000
-10.0000
DISPLACEMENT

-20.0000
-30.0000
-40.0000
-50.0000
-60.0000
-70.0000
-80.0000

D VS T THEORY
Polynomial
TIME (D VS T THEORY)
D VS T EXPERIMENT

ACCELERATION vs TIME (37.5 mm)

0
0.0000 10.0000 20.0000 30.0000 40.0000 50.0000 60.0000 70.0000
-0.05
-0.1
ACCELERATION

-0.15
-0.2
-0.25
-0.3
-0.35
-0.4
TIME

A vs T THEORY Linear (A vs T THEORY)

A vs T EXPERIMENT Linear (A vs T EXPERIMENT)
Crank Rdg
Piston Movement Crank Rdg θ Piston Movement
θ
 (mm) (mm)
0 128.0 185 28.5
5 129.0 190 28.0
10 128.0 195 29.0
15 128.0 200 30.0
20 127.0 205 30.0
25 125.0 210 32.0
30 122.0 215 33.0
35 119.0 220 33.5
40 116.0 225 37.0
45 113.0 230 39.5
50 109.0 235 42.0
55 105.0 240 45.0
60 101.0 245 48.0
65 97.0 250 51.5
70 92.0 255 55.0
75 88.0 260 59.0
80 83.0 265 63.0
85 78.0 270 67.0
90 74.0 275 72.0
95 69.0 280 76.0
100 65.0 285 80.5
105 61.0 290 85.0
110 57.0 295 90.0
115 54.0 300 94.0
120 50.5 305 98.5
125 47.0 310 103.0
130 44.0 315 107.0
135 40.5 320 111.0
140 38.0 325 114.0
145 36.5 330 117.0
150 35.0 335 120.0
155 33.0 340 122.0
160 32.0 345 125.0
165 30.0 350 126.0
170 29.5 355 127.0
175 29.0 360 128.0
180 29.0

Table 2: Experimental Data

Crank radius = 50 mm
Length of connecting rod = 160 mm
 VELOCITY VS TIME (50 mm)
1

0
0.0000 10.0000 20.0000 30.0000 40.0000 50.0000 60.0000 70.0000

-1
VELOCITY

-2

-3

-4

-5
V vs T Theory TIME Linear (V vs T Theory)
V vs T Experiment Linear (V vs T Experiment)

DISPLACEMENT VS TIME (50mm)

0.0000
0.0000 10.0000 20.0000 30.0000 40.0000 50.0000 60.0000 70.0000
-20.0000
DISPLACEMENT

-40.0000

-60.0000

-80.0000

-100.0000

-120.0000
TIME

D VS T THEORY
Polynomial (D VS T THEORY)
D VS T EXPERIMENT
Polynomial (D VS T EXPERIMENT)

ACCELERATION vs TIME (50 mm)

0.000
0.0000 10.0000 20.0000 30.0000 40.0000 50.0000 60.0000 70.0000
ACCELERATION

-0.100
-0.200
-0.300
-0.400
-0.500
TIME

A vs T THEORY
Linear (A vs T THEORY)
A vs T EXPERIMENT
Logarithmic (A vs T EXPERIMENT)
Linear (A vs T EXPERIMENT)
References

1. https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=ms&sl=en&u=https://
www.britannica.com/technology/slider-crank-
mechanism&prev=search&pto=aue

2. https://www.studocu.com/row/document/university-of-engineering-and-
technology-lahore/basic-mechanics/crank-and-slider-this-is-lab-report/
3549489

3. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.7227/IJMEE.31.4.3

4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVqjQySt9os

5. https://youtu.be/ToY2bMSxMUM