Noraya O.

Cañedo
Applied Mathematics
CALCULUS
1. Use the following curves and find the
slope at any point by the use of
derivative.
Sol’n. :

2. Find the derivation of (4x+2) 6. Differentiate the function y=3 x 2+ 16 x3

Solution: with respect to x.
To find the derivation
of (4x+2) We are going to Y=3x²+16x³
Use the chain rule.
dy/dx= 3(2)x²-¹+16(3)x³-¹

f'(x) = g` (h (x)) • h' (x) = 6x+48x²

f'(x) = 3 (4x+2)². 4
f'(x) = 12 (4x+2)² dy/dx=6x+48x²

3. . Differentiate the function

y= 3x²+16x3 with respect to x.
7. Find the derivative of (3x+5)5
y= 3x²+16x^3
d/dx[(3x+5)⁵]

dy/dx = 3(2)x^(2-1)+ 16 (3)x^3

=5(3x+5)⁴•d/dx[3^x +5]
=6x^1+48^2
dy/dx=6x+48x^2 =5(3x+5)⁴(3•d/dx(x) + d/dx (5))

4. If y = 2x3-6x, Find dy/dx =5(3x+5)⁴(3x+0)

=15(3x+5)⁴

Solution:
dy/dx= 2(3) x^(3-1)-6(1)x^(1-1)
=6x^2-6x^0
dy/dx=6x^2-6
0

5. Integrate ∫ sec( x )tan ( x ) dx

π
4
 3. Solve sec 2 x tan y dx+ sec 2 y tan x dy=0

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

dy
1. Solve cos 2 x + y=tan x
dx

dy x− y 2 dx
4. Solve =e + x
dx

Dy/dx=e^x-y +x²e^-y

=e^-ye^x+e^-3x²

=e(e^x+x²)

2. Solve ydx−xdy −3 x2 y ¿ =0

5. Solve for dy/dx-y-x=2x²

 dy 1
6. Solve dx = 2
3y

ENGINEERING DATA ANALYSIS

1. Find the sample size if the population
size is 500 at 90% accuracy
n=500, e=5%

N
n= 2
1+ N e

500
=
1+ 500¿ ¿

=222.22

2. If the probability that a missile will hit

7. Solve 3(3x²+y²)dx-2xydy=0 the target is 3/5, find the probability of
exactly 4 hits out of 6 tries,

N=6, r=4, p=3/5

Q= 1-p= 1 –(3=5)=2/5

P=nCr•p^r•q^n-r

P=6(4•3/5)⁴•(2/5)^6-4

P=972/3125=0.3114
3. P(x) is the probability density, with x T={1,2 3,4,5,6}=6
being a discrete random variable. Find
the standard deviation of x. S={5,6}=2

Pgreater than 4=S/T

=2/6=1/3

7. In a drawer, there are white socks,

and some black socks. Tim takes out
one sock and the a second. Draw atree
diagram to show the possible
outcomes

4. Find the sample size if the population

size is 1,300 at 78% accuracy?
NUMERICAL METHODS
n=N/1+Ne²
1. Use Newton's Method to determine X 2
=1300/1+1300(0.02)² for f(x) = x3-7x2+ 8x-3 if Xo = 5
=855.26

5. Use a tree diagram to show all the F’(x)=3x²-14x+8

possible outcomes when the two
unbiased coins are tossed. 1st Iteration

X¡=Xo-f(Xo)/f’(Xo)

=5-f(5)/f’(5)

=5- -13/13

Xi=6

6. When a die is rolled, the probability for

getting a number greater than 4 is?
2. If A=2i+3j-8k, B=i+8j-4k and C=5i- 6. Use the Taylor series Expansion with
6j+3k. Determine the resultant of n=0 to 2 to approximate f(x)=cost at
Vector A, B, and C. x¡+1=pi/3 on the basis of the value of
f(x) and its derivative at x¡=pi/4

3. A= [ 13 24 ] , B¿ [108 97]

7. Find the root of f(x) = x2-5 between

(0,4), 2 iterations.

4. Determine the component and

magnitude of Vector A= 2i + 3j+5k.

5. Define a vector whose coordinate of

head is (2,5,-6) and tail (-2,-4,8)

PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS

1. A bullet leaves a rifle with muzzle

velocity of 521 m/s. While accelerating
 through the barrel of the rifle, the
bullet moves a distance of 0.840m.
Determine the acceleration of the 4. A tractor pulls a loaded wagon with a
bullet (assume a uniform acceleration). constant force of 440 N. IF the total
mass of the wagon and its contents is
275 kg, what is the wagon's
acceleration? (Ignore any frictional
forces)

A rope is used to pull a 2.89-kg bucket of

water out of a deep well 5. A car traveling at 22.4 m/s skids to a

2. What is the acceleration of the bucket

when the tension in the rope is 30-2N?
3. If starting from rest, what speed will
the bucket have after experiencing this
Force for 2.16 seconds.

Given: m= 2.89 kg, T=30.2 N, Vo = 0m/ s, t

= 2.16

Required: 2. a=? , 3.v=?

6. stop in 2.55 s. Determine the skidding

distance of the car ( assume uniform
acceleration)

7. A man walks 7km in 2 hours and 2 km

in 1 hour in the same direction. What
 is the man average speed for the 3=(1.12)^n
whole journey?
ln3= ln(1.12)

n=ln(1.12)/ln3

n= 9.69 years
8. What is the moment of inertia of a 2-
kg long uniform rod with length of 2m?
The axis of rotation located at one end
of the rod. 3. $1,700.00 is borrowed for 29 days at
29% per annum simple interest. How
Given: m=2 kg, L=2 m much will be due at the end of 29
days?
I=1/3(2kg)(2m)²
n=d/360=29/360=0.081
I=8/3 kg•m²
F=P (1+i)

= 1700(1+(29%)(0.081)

=1739.933

4. What is the annual rate of interest if

P265 is earned in Four months on an
investment of P15,000?

N=4/12=1/3 year
ENGINEERING ECONOMY
I=I/Pn
1. Find the annual payments to
=265/(15000)(1/3)×100%
extinguish a dept of $10,000 payable
in 5 tears at 12% compounded =5.3%
annually?

A=P[I/m-m+i)^-n
5. $ 5, 681.00 is borrowed for 90 days at
=1000[12%/1-(1+12%^-⁵] 56.21% per annum simple interest.
How much will be due at the end. of
A = 2774.10
90 days?

2. How long will it take inventory to triple

itself if invested of 12% per unit?

F=P (1+i)^n

P= 3P (1.12)^n

3P/P=(1.12)^n
 =40s

6. Determine the exact simple interest on Error= 100 tan(40)

P5,000 for the period from January 15
to November 28, 1992 if the rate of Error= 0.019 m
interest is 22%.
2. Radial Traverse PQ, PR, PS, PT has
observed angle a, β∧θ as shown.

7. $2,900 is borrowed for 29 days a 29%

per annum simple interest. How much
will be due at 29 days?

n=d/360=29/360

F=P (1+i)

=$ 2900 [(1+29%)(29/360)]

=$ 2900 (1.023361111)

=$ 2967.747

3. A line PQ, is measured and recorded

as a slope distance of 254.56 ft with a
SURVEYING slope of 4°00'00. If the actual slope of
the line is 3°00'00". What is the error
1. An observer fails to check the bubbles, introduced as a result of the incorrect
and it is of two divisions on a 100m slope?
sight. What error results for a 20,
bubble? HDtrue=SDcosB

Angular error=2(20) = (257.56ft)cos3°00’00=257.21 ft

 HD incorrect = (257.56 ft)cos error of the instrument and the
4°00’00”=256.93 ft corrected reading to from point 2.

Hderror= Htrue-Hincorrect E=0.923-0.894-1.100+1.083/2 =

= 257.21-256.93 0.006 m
=0.28ft
Corrected reading at B= 1.100-0.006=
4. A 100 ft steel tape is suspended in the 1.094m
air between a theodolite and a vertical
rod, which is placed exactly at the 100 7. What error results on a 50 m sight
ft mark. The slope of the measured with level if the rod reading is 1.505 m
line is 1° 40'. The tension on the tape but the top of 3m rod is 0.3 m out of
is 18 lbf, and the wt. of the tape per plumb?
unit length is 0.02 lbf. The horizontal
distance bet. the theodolite and rod is.

MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION

5. A surveyor measures a distance as
39.56 ft using break chaining. The 1. A metal rod of 12mm diameter
tape is not accurately levelled and at fractures under 440 kgf load. Final
the plum bob end is 2 ft lower than its diameter becomes 7.4mm. Calculate
should be. Determine the correct the true strength.
horizontal distance?

2. From problem 1, What is the

engineering strength?

6. The rod readings are 0.894m and

0.923 to A and B respectively, From
point 1 and 1.083m and 1.100m to A
and B respectively, From point 2. The
distance between the point in the best
was 50 m. What is the collimation
 3. From problem 1, calculate the 6. From Problem 4, calculate the modulus
reduction in cross sectional area? of resilience.

% RA=Ao-Af/Ao×100

=113.1-43/113.1×100 7. The initial cross-sectional area of a

tensile specimen is 0.2 cm? If there is
RA= 61.98% volume change, determine the crocs-
sectional area when the engineering
4. A steel rod (8x20mm in cross- strain is 30%.
sectional and 250cm long) carries
60KN load without yielding and
Fractures at 72 KN- Calculate the yield
strength.E=210000 MPa

QUANTITY SURVEYING

1. Determine the quantity of cement,

sand and gravel of a concrete slab of
4" thk a general dimension of 20m x
30m.
5.
Area=20m x 30m=600sqm
From Problem 4, calculate the length after 60
KN load application.
Volume= 0.100 x 600= 60 cum

Using Class A:

Cement=60cum x 9=540 bags

Sand= 60cum x 0.5=30 cum

Gravel= 60 cum x 1= 60 cum

2. Find the number of 6" x 8" 16"
concrete hollow blocks for the
construction of fire wall 8m high and
30m long.

6 in=0.15m , 8 in=0.20m ,
16in=0.40m

Area=0.20×0.40=0.08sqmhi40sqm/
0.08sqm = 3000 pieces

3. In Figure shown Figure below, Find the

cement and sand necessary to plaster
a two sides of 3m x 4m wall with a
plaster thickness of 16mm.

5. Determine the number of 12mm

diameter steel bars if there are 30 pcs
of 1.15m x 1.15m independent sq.
footing

Net length =1.00×0.20=1.20m

4. From the figure below, list down the
cement and sand necessary to plaster N=6(2) both sides
2 Faces of the fence at an average
thickness of 20mm using class C = 12 pcs per footing
mixture and using 6" CHB.
Total Length

360×1.20=432m

432/6=72 pcs of 12 mm×6.0m steel

bars

6. Let it be required to find the no. of 6"

hollow blocks needed for the work.
 Blocks are supported by 8" x 8" the current TRIR is 0.06, what should
concrete post. Area 12m x 3m be the target TRIR for the next year.

Area=12 m× 3m=36sqm Target TRIR=Current TRIR-(current TRIR

×Target reduction %)
Area for occupied by the post
= 0.06-(0.06×0.10)
0.20×3=0.60m × 3.0m
= 0.054
A=1.80sqm
3. A construction site has experienced is
=36sqm-1.80sqm near misses in the post 6 months, If
the site operates 5 days a week, how
=34.20sqm many near misses occur on average
per week?
=33.20/0.08
Average no. Of near misses per week
=428 pcs
= total near misses/ no. Of week in 6
7. In 60m x 2.60m .find the quantity of months
hollow blocks cement for mortar .
Using 4”CHB. = 15/6(4)=0.625

Area wall= Perimeter × height

= 60 m × 1.60 m= 156sqm 4. The safety team conducted a safety

training session that lasted for 6 hrs. If
there were 40 workers in attendance,
what was the total no. of worker-
hours Spent on training session?

CONSTRUCTION OCCUPATIONAL Total Working hrs=No. Of workers ×

SAFETY AND HEALTH duration the training session

1. A construction project has 80 workers. =40×6

The projects manager wants to ensure
that each worker has access to at least =240hours
one first aid kit. If each first aid costs
$50, how much money does the 5. A construction worker has 250
project manager need to budget for workers. The company wants to
first aid kit? ensure that each worker has at least 2
safety training sessions per year. If
Total Budget= Total Workers × cost of each training session lasts for 4 hours,
each first aid kit how many total hours of safety
training are needed annually?
= 80 ×$50
Total hours=Total Workers ×No of
=$1400 training session per worker × duration
of each training session
2. A construction company wants to
reduce its Total Recordable Incident =250×2×4
rate (TRIR) by 10% in next year. If
=2000 hours
 6. A construction company wants to 2. A train travels from City A to City B, a
calculate its total Recordable incident distance of 300 kilometers. If it travels at
Rate (TRIR) for the past year. During an average speed of 100 kilometers per
the year, there were 4 lost-time hour, how long does the journey take?
injuries, 8 restricted work injuries, and
20 medical treatment cases. If the Time=Distance/Speed
total no. of hours worked by all
employees during the year was =200 km/100km/hrs
500,000, calculate the TRIR.
=3 hours
TRIR=[(Total lost- Time injuries +total
restricted work injuries + Total 3. A delivery truck travels a total distance of
medical treatment case/ total hours 500 miles, making steps every 50 miles.
worked × 200000 How many stops does it make during the
trip ?
=4+8+20/500000×200000
No. Of stops=Total Distance/Distance
=0.064 bet. Stops

= 500 miles/50miles/stop

= 10 stops

4. An airplane travels an average speed of

500 miles per hour. If it flies for 4 hours,
7. The safety officer on a construction how far does it travel?
site conducts safety inspection every
month. If each inspection takes 2 hrs Distance=Speed × Time
to complete, how many total hrs does
safety officer spend on inspections in a =500 miles/hrs ×4hrs
year?
=2000 miles
Total hrs= No. Of inspection/yr × duration
of each inspection 5. A shipping company charges $3 per mile
for deliveries a distance of 150 miles, how
= 12×2 much does the delivery cost?
=24hours

TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
6. The ruling minimum radius of horizontal
1. A vehicle travels at a constant speed of 60 curve of national highway in a plain
miles per hour. How par does it travel in terrain for a ruling design speed of 100
2.5 hours? km/hour with e=0.01 and f= 0.15 is close
to ______.
Distance=Speed × Time
V=100km/h=27.77m/s
=60 miles/hrs (2.5hr)
E+f=v²/rg
=150 miles
V=v²/g(e+f)=(27.78)²/9.81(0.07 to 1.5)
 =357.58 =10000bricks/500
bricks/hrs
7. Design rate of super elevation for
horizontal highway curve of radius 450m =20 hours
for a mixed traffic condition, having a
speed of 126 km/hrs. 4. A construction company has a profit
margin of 20% on project that cost
$500,000 How much profit does the
company make on the project?

Profit=Profit margin × Project Cost

=0.20× $500000

=$100000

5. A construction project is scheduled to

CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT start on Jan. 1st and finish on April
PRINCIPLES AND METHODS 30th. If the project duration is 120
days what is the average no. of
1. A construction project has a budget of working days per month required to
$500,000. If 40% of the budget is complete the projects?
allocated for labor costs, 30% for
materials, and the remaining for Average working days per month
equipment and overhead expenses,
how much money is allocated for =project duration/no. Of months
materials?
=120days/4montgs
Materials budget=30% of $500000
=30days per month
=0.30×$500000=$150000
6. A construction projects has a total
2. A construction company estimates that budget of $1,000,000. If 60% of the
a projects will require 2000 hours of budget is allocated for labor, 20% for
labor, If the company employs 10 materials, and the rest for other
workers for the projects, How many expenses, how much money is
hours will each worker need to work allocated for other expenses?
on average?
Other expenses budget= Total budget-
Average=Total hours/No. Of workers (Labor+Material budget)
=2000 hrs/10 workers
=$1000000-(0.60×$1000000)-0.20x
=200 hours per worker $100000)

=$200000

3. A construction crew can lay 500 bricks per 7. A construction project requires 100
hour. If a wall requires 10, 000 bricks, tons of gravel for the foundation. If
how many hours will it take the crew to gravel is sold in bags containing 50
complete the wall? pounds each, how many bags of
gravel need to be purchased?
Hours required= No. Of bricks =bricks laid
per hour
Hydraulics and Geotechnical surface. Find the total pressure acting
Engineering on one side of the gate at its location
from the bottom.
FLUID MECHANICS

1. A reservoir of molasses has a mass of

1200 kg and a volume of 0.85 m³.
Find it’s a). Weight,W , b)Unit weight,
c) mass density and d) specific gravity

5. Convert 8m of oil (S=0.85) to

molasses (5m=1.5)

Hm=Ho(So/Sm)

=8(0.85/1.5)
2. Water in a hydraulic press initially at
137 kPa absolute. Using EB = 2.5 GPa, =4.53 m
determine the percentage decrease in
the volume of water.

6. Find the mass density of helium gas at

a temperature of 4° C and a pressure
of 184 kPa gage if atmosphere
pressure is 101. 92 kPa. (R = 2079
J/kg.° k)

3. A pressure gage 6m above the bottom

of the tank containing a liquid reads 90
kla. Determine the specific weight, γ of
a liquid.

7. What is the value of the surface

tension of a small drop of water

4. A vertical rectangular gate 1.5m wide

and 3m high is submerged in water
with its top edge 2m below the water
 0.3mm in diameter which is in contact 3. A cube of wood (s.g=0.60) has 9-in
with air if the pressure within the sides. Compute the magnitude and
droplet is 561 Pa direction of the force required to hold
the wood completely submerged in
water.

BUOYANCY AND FLOTATION

1. An iceberg having sp. gr. of 0.92 is

floating in salt water of sp. gr. of 1.03.
If the volume of the iceberg above the
water surface is cu. m, what is the
total volume of the ice?

4. A block of wood 0-20m thick is floating

in sea water. The sp. gr. of wood is
0.65 while that of seawater is 1.03.
Find the minimum area of a block
which will support a man weighing 80
kg.

2. A stone weighs 460 N in air. When

submerged in water, it weighs 300N. 5. A block dimension w of wood 0.60 x
Find the volume and specific weight of 0.6 x h meters in thrown in to the
the stone. water and floats with 0.18m projecting
above the water surface. The same
block was thrown into a container of a
liquid having a sp. gr. of 0.90 and it
 floats with 0.14 projecting above the
surface. Determine the value of h.

RELATIVE EQUILIBRIUM OF LIQUIDS

1. An open cylindrical tank 1.6m in

diameter and 2m high is pull of water.
When rotated about would its vertical
axis at 30 rpm, what would be the
6. Determine the sp.gr. of the block from slope of the water surface at a rim of
problem 5. the tank?

2. A vessel containing oil is accelerated

7. A plastic cube of side 1000 mm and on a plane inclined 15° with the
sp. gr. of 0.82 is placed vertically in horizontal at 1.2 m/s2. Determine the
water. Is the cube stable? inclination of the oil surface when the
motion is upwards.
3. Determine when the inclination of oil 7. An open cylindrical tank, 2m in
surface when motion is downward diameter and 4m high contains water
from Problem 2. to a depth of 3m. It is rotated about
its own vertical axis with a constant
angular speed ω . If ω=3rad/s, is there
any liquid spilled?

4. A cylindrical water tank used in lifting

water to the top of a tower is 15m
high. IF the pressure at the bottom of
the tank is must not exceed 16 kPa,
what maximum vertical acceleration
can be imposed in the cylindrical when
it is filled with water.

HYDRODYNAMICS

1. A hose and nozzle discharges a

horizontal water jet against a nearby
5. A vessel 3m in diameter containing vertical plate. The flow rate of water is
2.4m of water is being raised. Find the 0.03 m3/s, and the diameter of the
pressure at the bottom of the vessel in nozzle tip is 30mm. Find the horizontal
kPa when velocity is constant. force necessary to hold the plate in
place.

6. From problem 5. Find the pressure at

the bottom of the vessel when it is 2. A jet of water flowing at the rate of
accelerating 0.6 m/s2 upwards. 0.12 m3/s hits a vertical building wall
 horizontally at close range with a force components of the force exerted by
of at dose range with a 1000 N. the jet on the vane.
Determine the diameter of the jet in
mm.

F=pQv

=pQ × Q/A

7000=1000(0.12)²×1/pi/4D²

D=0.051 m=51 mm

3. A jet of water was issued horizontally

in a 50nm-diameter orifice, with C = 6. The vane turning 120° in the figure
0.60 and Cv = 0.90, under a head of shown is mounted on a water tank. It
5m. What is the force available in the is struct by a 75-mm-diameter, 12 m/s
jet? water jet, which turns and falls into
the water tank without spilling, what is
the force F required to hold the water
tank.

4. A small ingot and platform rest on a

steady water jet as shown. If the total
weight supported is 950 N, what is the Fx=pQ(V1x-V2x)
jet velocity in m/s?
Q=A1V1

=Pi/4(0.075)²(12)

=0.053 m³/s

Fx=1000(0.053)(12-0)

=636 N

F=Fx=636N

7. A horizontal jet of water flowing freely

5. A jet having a of diameter of 50mm in the atmosphere is deflected.
and a velocity of 12m/s is deflected through an angle of 90° by a fixed
and through an angle of 180° by a curved vane. If the water has a
fixed curved van. Neglecting friction, diameter of 40 mm and a velocity of 8
determine the horizontal and vertical
 m/s, what is the force required to hold
the vane in place?
3. From problem 2 find the void ratio of
the specimen.

4. A soil sample has a mass of 500g and

occupies a volume of 300 cm3.
Calculate the unit weight of the soil.
SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATION

1. A borrow material has a volume of

191,000m3 and void ratio of 1.2 After
compaction its new void ratio is 0.7,
find the corresponding volume?

5. A soil sample has a total volume of

400 cm3 and a solid volume of 320cm3.
Calculate the porosity of the soil.

N=Vt-Vs/Vt

=400cm³-320cm³/400cm³

=0.2

2. The total volume of soil specimen is

80,000 mm3 and it weighs 150 grams. 6. A soil layer has a total stress of 20
The dry weight of the specimen is kPa. Calculate the effective stress if a
130g and the density of the soil solids pore water pressure is 20 kPa.
is 2680 kg/m3 .Find the water content.

%W=Mmoist-Mdry/Mdry×100

=150-130/130×100

=15.38 %
 7. A sample of moist soil was found t 3. A soil sample has a porosity of 0.4
have the ff. characteristics. Volume= and a bulk density of 1.5 g/m 3,
0.01456 (as sampled) Mass: 25.74 kg calculate the soil's particle density.
(as sampled) = 22.10 kg (after oven
dry) Find the moist and dry density.

4. A soil sample has a field capacity of

30% and a writing point of 10%. If
the soil moisture content is
currently at 20%, calculate the
available water content per meter
of soil depth.

Available water=30%-10%=20%

Available water content per meter

of soil depth

=0.20×1
WATER SUPPLY SOIL PROPERTIES
=0.20 m
1. A cylindrical well has a diameter of
3m and a depth of 12 m. If the
water level in the well rises by 1
meter after heavy rainfall, calculate 5. A water pipe with a diameter of
the increase in the volume of 10cm supplies water to a
water. community at a flow rate 0.5 m3
per minute. Calculate the velocity
of water flowing through the pipe.

2. A soil sample has a particle density

of 2.5 g/cm3 and moisture content
of 20%. Calculate the bulk density
of the soil.
6. A water tank measures 8m in
diameter and 6m in height. If it is
filled to 80% of its capacity,
calculate the volume of water it
currently holds.
 7. A rectangular plot of land
measures. 50m by 30m. If the soil
moisture content is 15%, calculate
the volume of water present in the
soil.

Area=L × W

=30m×50m

=1500m²

V= A× soil depth (moisture content )

=1500m²(1m)(0.15)

=225 m³