• Confidentiality - Data confidentiality means that only the intended and authorized recipients can

access and read data.

• Integrity - Data integrity assures users that the information has not been altered in transmission,
from origin to destination.
• Availability - Data availability assures users of timely and reliable access to data services for
authorized users.

A college is building a new dormitory on its campus. Workers are digging in the ground to install a new
water pipe for the dormitory. A worker accidentally damages a fiber optic cable that connects two of the
existing dormitories to the campus data center. Although the cable has been cut, students in the
dormitories only experience a very short interruption of network services. What characteristic of the
network is shown here? FAULT TOLERANCE
A device receives a data link frame with data and processes and removes the Ethernet information. What
information would be the next to be processed by the receiving device? IP AT THE INTERNET LAYER

A large corporation has modified its network to allow users to access network resources from their
personal laptops and smart phones. Which networking trend does this describe? BRING YOUR OWN
DEVICE
A network administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues on a server. Using a tester, the
administrator notices that the signals generated by the server NIC are distorted and not usable. In which
layer of the OSI model is the error categorized?PHYSICAL LAYER
A network administrator is designing a new network infrastructure that includes both wired and wireless
connectivity. Under which situation would a wireless connection be recommended?THE END USER
DEVICE NEEDS MOBILITY WHEN CONNECTING TO THE NETWORK

A router with a valid operating system contains a configuration file stored in NVRAM. The configuration
file has an enable secret password but no console password. When the router boots up, which mode will
display? USER EXEC MODE
A web client is sending a request for a webpage to a web server. From the perspective of the client, what
is the correct order of the protocol stack that is used to prepare the request for transmission? HTTP, TCP,
IP, ETHERNET
A wireless LAN is being deployed inside the new one room office that is occupied by the park ranger. The
office is located at the highest part of the national park. After network testing is complete, the
technicians report that the wireless LAN signal is occasionally affected by some type of interference.
What is a possible cause of the signal distortion?THE MICROWAVE OVEN
An administrator has just changed the IP address of an interface on an IOS device. What else must be
done in order to apply those changes to the device? NOTHING MUST BE DONE. CHANGES TO THE
CONFIGURATION ON AN IOS DEVICE TAKE EFFECT AS SOON AS THE COMMAND IS TYPED CORRECTLY
AND THE ENTER KEY HAS BEEN PRESSED
An employee wants to access the network of the organization remotely, in the safest possible way. What
network feature would allow an employee to gain secure remote access to a company network? VPN
BGP and OSPF are examples of which type of protocol? ROUTING

Confidentiality, integrity, and availability are requirements of which of the four basic characteristics of
network architecture? SECURITY
During a routine inspection, a technician discovered that software that was installed on a computer was
secretly collecting data about websites that were visited by users of the computer. Which type of threat
is affecting this computer? SPYWARE
Given the binary address of 11101100 00010001 00001100 00001010, which address does this
represent in dotted decimal format?236.17.12.10
Having multiple paths to a destination is known as redundancy. This is an example of which characteristic
of network architecture? FAULT TOLERANCE
How does BYOD change the way in which businesses implement networks? BYOD PROVIDE FLEXIBILITY
IN WHERE AND HOW THE USERS CAN ACCESS NETWORK RESOURCES
How is an IPv4 address represented? FOUR DECIMAL NUMBERS BETWEEN 0 AND 255 SEPARATED BY
PERIOD
How is the privileged EXEC mode access secured on a switch? enable secret class
How many binary bits exist within an IPv6 address?128

In computer communication, what is the purpose of message encoding? TO CONVERT INFORMATON TO

THE APPROPRIATE FORM FOR TRANSMISSION
In which scenario would the use of a WISP be recommended? AA FARM IN A RURAL AREA WITHOUT
WIRED BROADBAND ACCESS
The physical layer of the receiving device passes bits up to which higher level layer? DATA LINK

This protocol is responsible for guaranteeing the reliable delivery of information.? TCP
This standards organization is responsible for IP address allocation and domain name management.?
INTERNET ASSIGNED NUMBERS AUTHORITY(IANA)
This standards organization is concerned with the Request for Comments (RFC) documents that specify
new protocols and update existing ones? INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE(IETF)
True or false? Frames exchanged between devices in different IP networks must be forwarded to a
default gateway.? TRUE
True or False? Data Link addresses are physical so they never change in the data link frame from source
to destination? FALSE
True or false? The right-most part of an IP address is used to identify the network that a device belongs
to? FALSE
True or false. Standards organizations are usually vendor-neutral? TRUE
True or false? The physical layer is only concerned with wired network connections.? FALSE

True or false? When a frame is encoded by the physical layer, all bits are sent over the media at the same
time.? FALSE
True or false. Wireless is not well suited for enterprise networks.?FALSE
True or false. Wireless LANs operate in full-duplex allowing all devices to send or receive data at the
same time so the number of users does not impact performance.?FALSE

To what subnet does the IP address 10.1.100.50 belong if a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 is used? 10.1.0.0
UDP and TCP belong to which layer of the TCP/IP protocol? TRANSPORT
What are two benefits of using a layered network model? IT ASSISTS IN PROTOCOL DESIGN, IT PREVENT
TECHNOLOGY IN ONE LAYER FROM AFFECTING OTHER LAYERS.
What are two characteristics of a scalable network? GROWS IN SIZE WITHOUTIMPACTING EXISTING
USERS, SUITABLES FOR MODULAR DEVICES THAT ALLOW FOR EXPANSION.
What are two functions of end devices on a network? THEY ORIGINATE THE DATA THE FLOWS THROUGH
THE NETWORK , THEY ARE THE INTERFACE BETWEEN HUMANS AND THE CONNECTION NETWROK.

What is a characteristic of UTP cabling?CANCELLATION

What characteristic of a network enables it to quickly grow to support new users and applications
without impacting the performance of the service being delivered to existing users? SCALABILITY
What is an ISP? IT IS AN ORGANIZATION THAT ENABLES INDIVIDUALS AND BUSSINESSTO CONNECT TO
THE INTERNET
What is done to an IP packet before it is transmitted over the physical medium? IT IS ENCAPSULATED IN
A LAYER 2 FRAME
What is indicated by the term throughput?THE MEASURE OF THE BITS TRANFERRED ACROSS THE MEDIA
OVER A GIVEN PERIOD OF TIME
What is one advantage of using fiber optic cabling rather than copper cabling?IT IS ABLE TO CARRY
SIGNALS MUCH FARHER THAN COPPER CABLING
What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 232?11101000
What is the binary representation for the decimal number 173?10101101
What is the command to assign the name “Sw-Floor-2” to a switch? hostname Sw-Floor-2
What is the definition of bandwidth?THE AMOUNT OF THE DATA THAT CAN FLOW FROM ONE PLACE TO
ANOTHER IN A GIVEN AMOUNT OF TIME
What is the default SVI on a Cisco switch? VLAN1
What is the function of the shell in an OS? IT INTERFACE BETWEEN THE USER AND THE KERNEL
What is the general term that is used to describe a piece of data at any layer of a networking model?
PROTOCOL DATA UNIT
What is the Internet? IT PROVIDES CONNECTION THROUGH INTERCONNECTED GLOBAL NETWORKS
What is the name of the process of adding protocol information to data as it moves down the protocol
stack? ENCAPSULATION
What is the order of the two addresses in the data link frame? DESTINATION MAC , SOURCE MAC
What is the purpose of the sequencing function in network communication? TO UNIQUELY LEVEL
TRANSMITTED SEGMENTS OF DATA FOR PROPER REASSEMBLY BY THE RECEIVER
What is the process of converting information into the proper form for transmission? ENCODING
What is the process of dividing a large data stream into smaller pieces prior to transmission?
SEGMENTATION
What is the structure of an IPv4 address called? DOTTED-DECIMAL FORMAT
What is the PDU associated with the transport layer? SEGMENT
What is the purpose of protocols in data communications? PROVIDING THE RULES REQUIRED FOR A
SPECIFIC TYPE OF COMMUNICATION TO OCCUR
What is the purpose of the OSI physical layer?TRANSMITTING BITS ACROSS THE LOCAL MEDIA
What is used to determine the network portion of an IPv4 address? SUBNET MASK
What PDU is received by the physical layer for encoding and transmission? FRAME
What process is used to place one message inside another message for transfer from the source to the
destination? ENCAPSULATION
What process is used to receive transmitted data and convert it into a readable message? DECODING
What type of cable is used to connect a workstation serial port to a Cisco router console port?ROLLOVER
What type of communication will send a message to all devices on a local area network? BROADCAST
What type of interface has no physical port associated with it? SWIRCH VIRTUAL INTERFACE
What type of network must a home user access in order to do online shopping? AN INTERNET
What types of standards are developed by the Electronics Industries Alliance (EIA)? ELECTRIC WIRING
AND CONNECTORS

When a hostname is configured through the Cisco CLI, which three naming conventions are part of the
guidelines? THE HOSTNAME SHOULD BE FEWER THAN 64 CHARACTER IN LENGTH, THE HOSTNAME
SHOULD BEGIN EITH THE LETTER, THE HOSTNAME SHOULD CONTAIN NO SPACE
When designers follow accepted standards and protocols, which of the four basic characteristics of
network architecture is achieved? SCALABILITY
When data is encoded as pulses of light, which media is being used to transmit the data? fiber optic
cable
Which attack slows down or crashes equipment and programs? DENIAL OF SERVICE DOS
Which access method would be the most appropriate if you call your manager to tell him you cannot
access your router in another city over the internet and he provides you with the information to access
the router through a telephone connection? AUX
Which access method would be most appropriate if you were in the equipment room with a new switch
that needs to be configured? CONSOLE
Which access method would be most appropriate if your manager gave you a special cable and told you
to use it to configure the switch? CONSOLE
Which access method would be the most appropriate in-band access to the IOS over a network
connection? TELNET/ SSH
Which characteristic describes crosstalk?THE DESTORTION OF THE TRANSMITTED MESSAGES FROM
SIGNALS CARRIED IN ADJACENT WIRES
Which command encrypts all plaintext passwords access on a switch? SERVICE PASSWORD-ENCRYPTION
Which command enables password authentication for user EXEC mode access on a switch? LOGIN
Which connections are specialized ports on a networking device that connect to individual networks?
INTERFACE
Which connection physically connects the end device to the network? NIC
Which device performs the function of determining the path that messages should take through
internetworks? A ROUTER
Which delivery method is used to transmit information to one or more end devices, but not all devices
on the network? MULTICAST

Which IOS mode are you in if the Switch> prompt is displayed? USER EXEC MODE
Which IOS mode are you in if the Switch(config)# prompt is displayed? GLOBAL CONFIGURATION MODE
Which IOS mode allows access to all commands and features? PREVILIGED EXEC MODE
Which is the command to configure a banner to be displayed when connecting to a switch? banner motd
$ Keep out $
Which is the decimal equivalent of A9?169
Which is the hexadecimal equivalent of 202?CA
Which is the hexadecimal equivalent of 254?FE
Which feature is a good conferencing tool to use with others who are located elsewhere in your city, or
even in another country? VIDEO COMMUNICATION
Which feature describes using personal tools to access information and communicate across a business
or campus network? BYOD
Which feature contains options such as Public, Private, Custom and Hybrid? CLOUD COMPUTING
Which feature is being used when connecting a device to the network using an electrical outlet?
POWERLINE
Which feature uses the same cellular technology as a smartphone? WIRELESS BROADBAND
Which functionality is provided by DHCP? AUTOMATIC ASSIGNMENT OF AN IP ADDRESS TO EACH HOST
Which layer of the OSI model defines services to segment and reassemble data for individual
communications between end devices? TRANSPORT
Which logical address is used for delivery of data to a remote network? DISTENATION IP ADDRESS
Which message delivery option is used when all devices need to receive the same message
simultaneously? BROADCAST
Which media uses patterns of microwaves to represent bits?wireless
Which media uses patterns of light to represent bits?fiber optic
Which media uses electrical pulses to represent bits?copper
Which of the following attaches antennas to wireless devices? It can also be bundled with fiber-optic
cabling for two-way data transmission.?coaxial
Which of the following counters EMI and RFI by using shielding techniques and special connectors?STP
Which of the following is the most common network media?UTP
Which of the following is the decimal equivalent of 7D?125
Which of the following terminates with BNC, N type and F type connectors?COAXIAL
Which of the following fiber-optic cable types can help data travel approximately 500 meters?
MULTIMODE
Which of the following fiber-optic cable types use light emitting diodes (LEDs) as a data light source
transmitter?MULTIMODE
Which of the following fiber-optic cable types use lasers in a single stream as a data light source
transmitter?SINGLE MODE
Which of the following fiber-optic cable types is used to connect long-distance telephony and cable TV
applications?SINGLE MODE
Which of the following fiber-optic cable types can travel approximately 100 km?SINGLE MODE
Which of the following fiber-optic cable types is used within a campus network?MULTIMODE
Which of the following wireless standards is best suited for industrial and IoT environments?ZIGBEE
Which of the following wireless standards is used for Personal Area Networks (PANs) and allows devices
to communicate over distances of 1 to 100 meters?BLUETOOTH
Which of these is the name for the capacity of a medium to carry data?bandwidth
Which of these is a measure of the transfer of bits across the media?throughput
Which option creates a secure connection for remote workers? VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK VPN
Which option blocks unauthorized access to your network? FIREWALL
Which option describes malicious code running on user devices? VIRUS, WORM OR TROJAN HORSE
Which option describes a network attack that occurs on the first day that a vulnerability becomes
known? ZERO DAY OR ZERO HOURS
Which of the following is the name for all computers connected to a network that participate directly in
network communication? HOSTS
Which of the following statements are true regarding network layer and data link layer addresses?
NETWORK LAYER ADDRESS ARE LOGICAL AND DATA LINK ADDRESSES ARE EXPRESSED AS 12
HEXADECIMAL DIGITS, DATA LINK LAYER ADDRESSESARE PHYSICAL AND NETWORKLAYER ADDRESSES ARE
LOGICAL, NETWROK LAYER ADDRESSES ARE EITHER 32 OR 128 BITS IN LENGHT

Which of the following are protocols that provide feedback from the destination host to the source host
regarding errors in packet delivery? ICMPv4, ICMPv4
Which protocol stack layer encapsulates data into frames? DATA LINK

Which services are provided by the internet layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite? MESSAGING, ROUTING
PROTOCOL, INTERNET PROTOCOL
Which statement is true about the running configuration file in a Cisco IOS device? IT AFFECTS THE
OPERATIONOF THE DEVICE IMMEDIATELY WHEN MODIFIED
Which standards organization oversees development of wireless LAN standards?IEEE
Which statement correctly describes frame encoding?IT CONVERT BITS INTO A PREDEFINED CODE IN
ORDER TO PROVIDE A PREDICTABLE PATTERN TO HELP DISTUNGUISH DATA BITS FROM CONTROL BITS
Which three acronyms/initialisms represent standards organizations? IANA-IEEE-IETF
Which three are components of message timing? FLOW CONTROL, ACCESS METHOD, RESPONSE
TIMEOUT

Which term refers to a network that provides secure access to the corporate offices by suppliers,
customers and collaborators? EXTRANET

Which type of access is secured on a Cisco router or switch with the enable secret command?
PRIVELEGED EXEC
Which type of communication will send a message to a group of host destinations simultaneously?
MULTICAST
Which type of network topology lets you see which end devices are connected to which intermediary
devices and what media is being used? LOGICAL TOPOLOGY
Which type of network topology lets you see the actual location of intermediary devices and cable
installation? PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY
Which type of UTP cable is used to connect a PC to a switch port?STRAIGHT THROUGH
Which two commands would return you to the privileged EXEC prompt regardless of the configuration
mode you are in? CTRL-Z, END
Which two functions are provided to users by the context-sensitive help feature of the Cisco IOS CLI?
DISPLAYING A LIST OF ALL AVAILABLE COMMANDS WITHIN A CURRENT MODE, DETERMINING WHICH
OPTION, KEYWORD OR ARGUMENT IS AVAILABLE FOR THE ENTERED COMMAND

Which two Internet connection options do not require that physical cables be run to the building?
SATTELITE, CELLULAR
Which two statements are true regarding the user EXEC mode? ONLY SOME ASPECTS OF THE ROUTER
CONFIGURATONCAN BE VIEWED, THE DEVICE PROMPT FOR THIS MODE ENDS WITH THE < SYMBOL
Which two devices are intermediary devices? ROUTER, SWITCHES
Which two protocols function at the internet layer? IP, ICMP
Which two protocols are service discovery protocols? DNS, DHCP
Which two protocols belong in the TCP/IP model application layer? DNS, DHCP
Which memory location on a Cisco router or switch will lose all content when the device is restarted?
RAM
Which memory location on a Cisco router or switch stores the startup configuration file? NVRAM
Which network infrastructure might an organization use to provide secure and safe access to individuals
who work for a different organization but require access to the organization’s data? EXTRANET
Which network infrastructure provides access to users and end devices in a small geographical area,
which is typically a network in a department in an enterprise, a home, or small business? LAN
Which network infrastructure provides access to other networks over a large geographical area, which is
often owned and managed by a telecommunications service provider? WAN
Which protocol operates at the network access layer of the TCP/IP model? ETHERNET
Which procedure is used to reduce the effect of crosstalk in copper cables?TWISTING OPPOSING CIRCUIT
WIRE PAIRS TOGETHER
Which step of the communication process is concerned with properly identifying the address of the
sender and receiver? FORMATTING
With which type of policy, a router can manage the flow of data and voice traffic, giving priority to voice
communications if the network experiences congestion? QOS
Why are two strands of fiber used for a single fiber optic connection?THEY ARE ALLOW FOR FULL DUPLEX
CONNECTIVETY

Why would a technician enter the command copy startup-config running-config? TO COPY AN EXISTING
CONFIGURATION INTO RAM

You have successfully identified the best answers.

The network address for 10.5.4.100 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 is 10.5.4.0.
The network address for 172.16.4.100 with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 is 172.16.0.0.
Host A is on network 10.5.4.0. Therefore, devices with the IPv4 addresses 10.5.4.1 and 10.5.4.99 are on
the same network.
Host A is on network 172.16.0.0. Therefore, devices with the IPv4 addresses 172.16.4.99 and 172.16.0.1
are on the same network.
Host A is on network 192.168.1.0. Therefore, devices with the IPv4 addresses 192.168.1.1 and
192.168.1.100 are on the same network.