VINAYAKA MISSION’S RESEARCH FOUNDATION

AARUPADAI VEEDU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT : ECE & BME

NAME OF THE SUBJECT : Analog Circuits Lab (17ECCC83)

REGULATION : 2017

HOD/ ECE
 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

A) TESTING IN THE HARDWARE LABORATORY:

.
1. TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER.
2. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR USING TRANSISTORS.
3. CLASS A POWER AMPLIFIER.(SERIES FED)
4. CLASS B COMPLEMENTARY SYMMETRY AMPLIFIER.
5. CURRENT SHUNT FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER.

6. SINGLE TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER.

7.HARTELY OSCILLATOR

8.VOLTAGE SERIES FEED BACK AMPLIIER

9.CLASS –A TRANSORMER COUPLED POWER AMPIFIER

10.CLASS-B PUSHPULL POWER AMPLIFER

B) DESIGN AND SIMULATION USING PSPICE SOTWARE:

1. TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER.

2. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR USING TRANSISTORS.

3. CLASS B COMPLEMENTARY SYMMETRY AMPLIFIER

4.WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR

5. CLASS A POWER AMPLIFIER.(SERIES FED)

6. SINGLE TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER.

7. CLASS –A TRANSORMER COUPLED POWER AMPIFIER

8.VOLTAGE SERIES FEED BACK AMPLIIER

9. CURRENT SHUNT FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER.

10.CLASS-B PUSHPULL POWER AMPLIFER

 1. TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER
AIM: To obtain the Voltage gain for two stage RC coupled Amplifier and also to observe
the frequencyResponse.
.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
1. cathode ray oscilloscope 1No
2. Regulated power supply 1No
3. function generator 1No
4. bread board 1No
5. connecting wires
COMPONENTS REQUIRED:
1. Resistors:
15k-2no
10k-2no
1k-2no
3.3k-2no
220Ω-2no
2.Transistor :BC107-2no
3.Capacitors-10µf -5no

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
THEORY: Whenever large amplification with very good impedance matching is
required using an active device such as a transistor or a field effect transistor a single
active device and its associated circuitry will not be able to cater to the needs. In such a
case single stage amplifier is not sufficient and one requires more stages of amplification
i.e., output of one stage is connected to the input of second stage of amplification circuit
and the chain continues until the required characteristics of amplifier is achieved such an
amplifier is called as multistage amplifier.In multistage amplifier, the output signal
preceding stage is to be coupled to the input circuit of succeeding stage. For this interstage
coupling different types of coupling can be employed. They are

1. RC coupling

2. Transformer coupling

3. Direct coupling

RC coupling is most popularly used type of coupling because it is cheap and

provides excellent fidelity over a wide range of frequency .it is usually employed
for voltage.
PROCEDURE:
1) Connect the circuit as shown in the figure.

2) Apply 1Khz frequencyand 20mv Vp-p Sine wave from function

generator..

3) Observe input and output Waveforms simultaneously on C.R.O

4) Change the frequency of input signal from 10HZ to 1MHZ in

steps and note amplitudes of input and output Waveforms(input
signal should be maintained constant).

5) Calculate Voltage gain (A) for each (in db) verses frequency.
Observations:

Frequenc Input Output Gain=(V0/Vi Gain in db=

S.No
y ( Hz) Voltage Voltage ) 20  log10 (V0/Vi)
PRECAUTIONS:
1. Check connections before switching ON power supply.

2. Don’t apply over voltage

3. When you are not using the equipment switch them Off
CALCULATIONS:
Maximum gain of the amp:
Upper cutoff frequency F2:
Lower cutoff frequency F1:
Band width=F2-F1:
EXPECTED GRAPH:

Input wave form

Output waveform

Frequeny response:
RESULT: -
1. Frequency response of Two stage RC coupled amplifier is plotted.
2. Gain = dB (maximum).
3. Bandwidth= fH--fL = Hz. At stage 2
 2. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILATOR USING TRANSISTORS
AIM: To calculate the frequency of the RC phase shift oscillator & to measure the phase
angles at different RC sections.

APPARATUS:

1. Transistor BC107

2. Resistors: 10KΩ -3Nos

8KΩ or 10KΩ
22KΩ
1.2KΩ
100KΩ
3. Capacitors: 0.001µf – 3 Nos
10µF – 2Nos
1µf
4. Regulated power Supply
5. CRO

THEORY:
RC-Phase shift Oscillator has a CE amplifier followed by three sections of RC phase
shift feedback Networks the output of the last stage is return to the input of the amplifier. The
values of R and C are chosen such that the phase shift of each RC section is 60º.Thus The RC
ladder network produces a total phase shift of 180º between its input and output voltage for the
given frequencies. Since CE Amplifier produces 180 º phases shift the total phase shift from
the base of the transistor around the circuit and back to the base will be exactly 360º or 0º. This
satisfies the Barkhausen condition for sustaining oscillations and total loop gain of this circuit
is greater than or equal to 1, this condition used to generate the sinusoidal oscillations.

The frequency of oscillations of RC-Phase Shift Oscillator is,

f=

2RC* √6
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:

1. Make the connection as per the circuit diagram as shown above.

2. Observe the output signal and note down the output amplitude and time period (Td).
3. Calculate the frequency of oscillations theoretically and verify it practically (f=1/Td).
4. Calculate the phase shift at each RC section by measuring the time shifts (Tp) between
the final waveform and the waveform at that section by using the below formula.
OBSERVATIONS:

THEORITICAL CALCULATIONS: R = 10KΩ, C = 0.001 μf

1
f= =
2RC* √6

PRACTICAL CALCULATIONS:

Td =
1
f = -----
Td
Tp1
(1). θ 1= --------*3600 =
Td
 Tp2
(2). θ 2 = -------- * 3600 =
Td

Tp3
(3). θ 3= ----------- *3600 =
Td
MODEL WAVE FORMS:
OUT PUT WAVE FORM :

OUT PUT WAVE FORM : θ = 600

OUT PUT WAVE FORM : θ = 1200

OUT PUT WAVE FORM : θ = 180

RESULT: The frequency of RC phase shift oscillator is calculated and the phase shift at
different RC sections is noted.

FT = FP =
 3.CLASS A POWER AMPLIFIER(SERIES FED)
AIM: To design and test the class A power amplifier

APPARATUS:
1. Class A power amplifier trainer kit
2. Function Generator
3. CRO
4. BNC Probes and connecting wires

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
The amplifier is said to be class A power amplifier if the q point and the input
signal are selected such that the output signal is obtained for a full input cycle. For this
class the position of q point is approximately y at the midpoint of the load line. For all
the values of input signal the transistor remains in the active region and never entire
into the cutoff or saturation region. The collector current flows for 3600 (life cycle) of
the input signal in other words the angle of the collector current flow is 3600 the class
a amplifiers or furthers classified as directly coupled and transformer coupled and
transformer coupled amplifiers in directly coupled type .The load is directly connected
in the collector circuit while in the transformer coupled type, the load is coupled to the
collector using the transformer.

Advantages:

1. Distortion analysis is very important

2. It amplifies audio frequency signals faithfully hence they are called as audio
amplifiers
Disadvantages:

1. H parameter analysis is not applicable

2. Due to large power handling the transistor is used power transistor which is
large in size and having large power rating.

PROCEDURE:
1. Switch ON Class –A power amplifier trainer

2. Set Vs (say 250 to 300 mV), at 10 KHz using signal generator.

3. Connect milli ammeter to the ammeter terminals

4. By keeping the input voltage constant, vary the frequency from 0 to 1MHz

in regular steps .

5. Note down the corresponding output voltage from CRO

6. Calculate the DC input power using the formula Pdc= VccIc

7. Calculate the AC output power using the formula Pac = VO2/8R L

8. Calculate the efficiency η = Pac /Pdc

9. Plot the graph between Gain (db) and frequency.

10. Calculate bandwidth from the graph.

PRECAUTIONS:
1. Check connections before switching ON power supply

2. Don’t apply over voltage

3. When you are not using the equipment switch them OFF.

4. Handle all equipment carefully.

CALCULATIONS:
Input power: Pdc= VccIc =

Outpower: Pac = VPP2/8RL =

η = Efficiency=output power/input power*100 = Pac /Pdc*100 =

EXPECTED GRAPH:

I/P:

O/P:

RESULT: Gain and frequency as observed of Class A power amplifier.

η = Efficiency=output power/input power*100 = Pac /Pdc*100 =
 4. CURRENT SHUNT FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER
AIM: To observe the performance of a current shunt feedback amplifier and obtain its
bandwidth.

EQUIPMENT RQUIRED:
Power supply 0-30V- 1 No.
CRO 20MHz - 1 No.
Digital multimeter - 1 No.
Signal generator 1Hz - 1MHz - 1 No.
COMPONENTS:
Resistors : 47K - 2 Nos.
2.2K - 2 Nos.
1K - 2 No
10K - 1No.
Capacitors 22µF - 3Nos.
0.1µF - 1No.
Transistors BC 107-2No.
THEORY:

Current shunt feedback circuit shows two transistor in cascade with feedback from the second
emitter to the first base through the resistor RF. we verify that this connection produces
negative feedback. The voltage Vi2 is much larger than Vi1 because of the voltage gain of Q1.
Also Vi2 is 1800 out of phase with Vi1. Because of emitter follower action Ve2 is only slightly
smaller than Vi2, and these voltages are in phase. Hence Ve2 is larger in magnitude than Vi1
and is 1800 out of phase with Vi1. If the input signal increases so that IS increases, If also
increases, and Ii = IS - If is smaller than it would be their were no feedback. This action is
characteristics of negative feedback.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure

2. The operating points VCEQ , IEQ and VBE are measured.
3. Connect the signal generator with a sine wave of 1KHz frequency to the input and
increase the input to such a level that the output waveform of the signal as observed on
CRO is not distorted.
4. Measure the input and output voltages and calculate the gain of the amplifier. Av =
(VO/P / VI/P).
5. To measure the input impedance, find the voltage drop across the known resistance RS.
The input current therefore is measured as the voltage across Rs / Rs value. Input
impedance Zi = Vi / Ii
6. To measure the input impedance, measure the output signal voltage VO/P without any
load. Connect a resistive load and then adjust the load until the new output signal VO/P
equal to the one half of the original signal. Remove the ROUT from the circuit and
measure its value. The measured value is the output impedance of the circuit.
7. To measure the current gain AI, note down the output signal voltage when Ro is
connected and divide it by Ro to get the output current. Now current gain = output
current / input current. The power gain is the product of voltage gain and current gain.
8. Vary the frequency of the input signal from 50Hz to 1MHz in suitable steps and
calculate gain at each step. Plot the graph between voltage gain Vs frequency. Note
down the half power points and find the bandwidth of the amplifier.
9. Repeat the above steps by connecting (disconnecting) the emitter bypass capacitor CE.
The readings with CE give the response of the amplifier without out feedback. The
readings without the CE give the performance of the amplifier in current series feedback
mode.

MODEL GRAPHS: AV max.

-3 dB point.
Gain in dB

fL fH
Bandwidth = fH - fL Frequency
Tabulation:
Without feedback:
Frequency Output Voltage
S.No Input Voltage Gain(V0/Vi) 20  log10 (V0/Vi)
( Hz) (V)
With feedback:
Frequency Output Voltage
S.No Input Voltage Gain(V0/Vi) 20  log10 (V0/Vi)
( Hz) (V)
RESULTS:

Without feedback
Input voltage (Vi) =
Input frequency =
Output voltage (V0) =
Voltage gain =
Gain in dB = (20log10(V0/Vi) =

With feedback
Input voltage (Vi) =
Output voltage (V0) =
Voltage Gain =
Gain in dB = (20log10(V0/Vi) =

CONCLUSIONS:
Conclusions can be drawn on comparing the voltage gain of the amplifier with and
without feedback, bandwidth obtained from the frequency response plot.
 1. SINGLE TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER
AIM: To study single tuned voltage Amplifier and to calculate
1. Resonant Frequency.
2. Q factor.
3. Bandwidth and
4. Impedance

APPARATUS:
1. Tuned RF Amplifier trainer Kit.
2. Function Generator.
3. CRO.
4. BNC probes and connecting wires

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
It is usually required to use a number of tuned amplifier stages in cascade in order to
obtain large overall gain. These cascade tuned amplifiers may be put into the following three
categories:
1. Single tuned amplifiers.
2. Double tuned amplifiers.
3. Stagger-tuned amplifiers.
Single tuned amplifiers use one parallel tuned circuit as the load impedance in each stage and
all these tuned circuits in different stages are tuned to the same frequency.Double tuned
amplifier uses two inductively coupled tuned circuits per stage, both the tuned circuits being
tuned to the same frequency.Staggered tuned amplifier uses a number of single tuned stages in
cascade, the successive tuned circuits being tuned to slightly different frequencies.
Single tuned amplifiers may again be put into following two categories:
a) Capacitance coupled single tuned amplifiers and
 b) Transformer coupled or inductively coupled single tuned amplifiers
RESONANT FREQUENCY:
Depending upon the frequency of the source voltage Vs, the circuits may behave either as
inductive or capacitive. However, at a particular frequency when the inductive reactance Xl
equals the capacitive reactance Xc, then the circuit behaves as a purely resistive circuit. This
phenomenon is called resonance: and the corresponding frequency is called resonant
frequency. The resonant frequency (fr) can be found by equating the two reactance values.

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect ions should be made as per the circuit diagram.
2. Connect the AC signal source from function generator (above AF range) to input of the
trainer kit.
3. Keep the input voltage constant , vary the frequency in regular steps and down the
corresponding output voltage
4. Calculate the resonant frequency.
5. Plot the graph: gain (db) Vs frequency
6. Find the input and output impedance
7. Calculate the bandwidth and Q factor
PRECAUTIONS:
1. Check connections before switching ON power supply
2. Don’t apply over voltage
3. When you are not using the equipment switch them OFF.
4. Handle all equipment carefully
EXPECTED GRAPH:

Observations:
Input Voltage= (Constant)
S.NO Input Frequency OutputVoltage(Vo) Gain A = Vo- Gain in dB
(Hz) /Vi 20log(Vo/Vi)
RESULT: Gain and frequency as observed of single tuned voltage amplifier.
FT = FP=
 7.CLASS B COMPLEMENTARY SYMMETRY AMPLIFIER

AIM: To observe the input and output waveforms and to calculate the efficiency of Class B
Complimentary symmetry power amplifier.

APPARATUS:
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
Power supply 0-30V- 1 No.
CRO 20MHz - 1 No.
Digital multimeter - 1 No.
Signal generator 1Hz - 1MHz - 1 No.
COMPONENTS:
Resistors : 2.2K - 2 Nos.
100 - 2 Nos.
1K - 1 No
Transistors CL100- 1No , CK100 -1NO

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
An amplifying system consists of several stages in cascade. The input and the
intermediate stages amplify small signal excitations to a value large enough to drive the final
device .The out put stage feeds the final device .The output stage feeds a transducer such as a
CRO,loudspeaker or servomotor. Thus the final stage must be capable of delivering a large
voltage or current or appreciable amount of power. This requires an amplifier which is referred as
a power amplifier
In class B complimentary symmetry class _B amplifier one n-p-n and p-n-p is used. Hence the
circuit is called class-B complimentary symmetry amplifier. This circuit ifis transformer less
circuit .But with common emitter configuration it becomes power transfer without output
impedance for maximum power transfer without an output transformers. Hence the matched pair
of complementary transistors are used in common collector configuration This is because in
common collector configuration has lowest output impedance and hence the impedance matching
is possible.

PROCEDURE:
1. conncet the circuit s per the circuit diagram
2. apply 4v p-p with 1KHZ frequency using function generator
3.observe the output in CRO .
4.note the cross over distortion in output.(outputVp-p)
5.remove the collector connection and put ammeter.
6. note the Idc value in the ammeter.
7. using Pdc and Pac formulas find the efficiency.

OBSERVATION:

Pac=Vm2/2RL =

Pdc=Vcc*Idc =

VO =

VCC =

RL =

EFFICIENCY: η =Pac/Pdc*100=

MODEL GRAPHS: I/P WAVEFORM

O/P WAVEFORM
 7. HARTLEY OSCILLATOR
AIM: To study and calculate frequency of oscillations of Hartley oscillator. Compare the
frequency of oscillations, theoretically and practically.

APPARATUS:

Hartley Trainer kit

Connecting wires

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:

Hartley oscillator is very popular and is commonly used as a local oscillator in radio
receivers. It has two main advantages viz... Adaptability to wide range of frequencies and easy
to tune. The tank circuit is made up of L1, L2, and C1. The coil L1 is inductively coupled to
coil L2, the combination functions as auto transformer. The resistances R2 and R3 provide the
necessary biasing. The capacitance C2 blocks the d.c component. The frequency of oscillations
is determined by the values of L1, L2 and C1 and is given by,
 F=1/(2(C1(√L1+L2)))

The energy supplied to the tank circuit is of correct phase. The auto transformer provides 180˚
out of phase. Also another 180˚ is produced By the transistor. In this way, energy feedback to
the tank circuit is in phase with the generated oscillations.

PROCEDURE:

1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.

2. Connect CRO at output terminals and observe wave form.

3. Calculate practically the frequency of oscillations by using the Expression.

F=1/T, Where T= Time period of the waveform

4. Repeat the above steps 2, 3 for different values of L1 and note Down practical values of
oscillations of colpitts oscillator.

5. Compare the values of frequency of oscillations both theoretically And Practically.

OBSERVATIONS:

CAPACITANCE(μF), Theoritical frequency (KHZ) Practical frequency (KHZ)

INDUCTANCE(mH)

MODEL GRAPH:
RESULT: Frequency of oscillations is calculated and compared with theoretical values.

F(theoretical) = 1/2 ГLC=

F(practicl) =
 8. CLASS -A POWER AMPLIFIER(TRANSFORMER COUPLED)
AIM: To observe the input and output waveforms and to calculate the efficiency.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
Power supply 0-30V- 1 No.
CRO 20MHz - 1 No.
Digital multimeter - 1 No.
Signal generator 1Hz - 1MHz - 1 No.
COMPONNTS REQUIRED:
Resistors 33KΩ - 1N0
5.6KΩ -2NO
470Ω -1NO
Capacitors 47uf -1NO
2.2uf - 1NO
TRANSFORMER -1NO
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
The amplifier is said to be class A power amplifier if the q point and the input
signal are selected such that the output signal is obtained for a full input cycle . For this
class the position of q point is approximately y at the mid point of the load line. For
all the values of input signal the transistor remains in the active region and never
entire into the cutoff or saturation region. The collector current flows for 3600 (life cycle)
of the input signal in other words the angle of the collector current flow is 3600 the
claa a amplifiers or furthers classified as directly coupled and transformer coupled and
transformer coupled amplifiers in directly coupled type .The load is directly connected
in the collector circuit while in the transformer coupled type, the load is coupled to
the collector using the transformer.
Advantages:
1. Distortion analysis is very important
2. It amplifies audio frequency signals faithfully hence they are called as audio amplifiers

Disadvantages:
1. H parameter analysis is not applicable
2. Due to large power handling the transistor is used power transistor which is large in
size and having large power rating

PROCEDURE:

1. CONNCECT the circuit as per the ciecuit diadram

2. Set Vs (say 250 to 300 mV), at 10 KHz using signal generator.

3. Connect milli ammeter to the ammeter terminals

4. By keeping the input voltage constant, vary the frequency from 0 to 1MHz

in regular steps .

5. Note down the corresponding output voltage from CRO

6. Calculate the DC input power using the formula Pdc= VccIc

7. Calculate the AC output power using the formula Pac = VO2/8R L

8. Calculate the efficiency n = Pac /Pdc

9. Plot the graph between Gain (db) and frequency.

10. Calculate bandwidth from the graph.

OBSERVATIONS:
VO = , VI =

VCC =

RL =

CALCULATIONS:
Efficiency (Pac/ Pdc) = _

P ac = Vcc Ic

PDC = Vm/2RL = V2pp/8RL

%n = Pac/ PDC X 100

GRAPH: I/P

O/P

RESULT: Gain and frequency as observed of Class A power amplifier.

%n = Pac/ PDC X 100 =
 9.VOLTAGE-SERIES FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER
AIM: To study the effect of voltage series feedback on Gain of the Amplifier.
APPARATUS:
Transistor BC 107 -1no
Breadboard
Regulated Power Supply(0-30V,1A)
Function Generator
CRO (30 Mhz,dualtrace)
Resistors 33kΩ,3.3k Ω,1.5kΩ,1kΩ-2no
Capacitors 10µF - 3Nos

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
When any increase in the output signal results into the input in such a way as to cause
the decrease in the output signal, the amplifier is said to have negative feedback. The
advantages of providing negative feedback are that the transfer gain of the amplifier with
feedback can be stablised against varations in the hybrid parameteresof the transistor or the
parameters of the other active devices used in the circuit. The most advantage of the negative
feedback is that by propere use of this , there is significant improvement in the frequency
respponse and in the linearity of the operation of the amplifier.This disadvantage of the negative
feedback is that the voltage gain is decreased.
 In Voltage-Series feedback , the input impedance of the amplifier is decreased and the
output impedance is increased.Noise and distortionsare reduced cosiderably.
PROCEDURE:
1. Connections are made as per circuit diagram.
2. Keep the input voltage constant at 20mV peak-peak and 1kHz frequency.For different
values of load resistance, note down the output voltage and calculate the gain by using
the expression
Av = 20log(V0 / Vi ) dB
3. Add the emitter bypass capacitor and repeat STEP 2.And observe the effect of Feedback
on the gain of the amplifier
4. For plotting the frquency the input voltage is kept constant at 20mV peak-peak and the
frequency is varied from 100Hz to 1MHz.
5. Note down the value of output voltage for each frequency. All the readings are tabulated
and the voltage gain in dB is calculated by using expression Av = 20log(V0 / Vi ) dB
6. A graph is drawn by takung frquency on X-axis and gain on Y-axis on semi log graph
sheet
7. The Bandwidth of the amplifier is calculated from the graph using the expression
Bandwidth B.W = f2 – f1.
Where f1 is lower cutt off frequency of CE amplifier
f 2 is upper cutt off frequency of CE amplifier
The gain-bandwidth product of the amplifier is calculated by using the expression
Gain-Bandwidth Product = 3-dB midband gain X Bandwidth.
OBSERVATIONS:
Frequency Response with feedback: Vi = 20mV
S.NO Frequency (Hz) OutputVoltage(Vo) Gain A = Gain in dB
Vo/Vi 20log(Vo/Vi)
MODEL WAVEFORMS:
Result:
Bandwidth(with feed back)=f2-f1
 10.CLASS B PUSH PULL POWER AMPLIFIER

AIM: To observe the input and output waveforms and to calculate the efficiency of Class B
Complimentary symmetry power amplifier.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
Power supply 0-30V- 1 No.
CRO 20MHz - 1 No.
Digital multimeter - 1 No.
Signal generator 1Hz - 1MHz - 1 No.
COMPONNTS REQUIRED:
Resistors 10KΩ - 1N0
1KΩ - 1NO
220Ω -1NO
Capacitors 0.47uf -1NO
22uf - 2NO
TRANSFORMER -2NO

CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
An amplifying system consists of several stages in cascade. The input and the intermediate stages
amplify small signal excitations to a value large enough to drive the final device .The out put
stage feeds the final device .The output stage feeds a transducer such as a CRO,loudspeaker or
servomotor. Thus the final stage must be capable of delivering a large voltage or current or
appreciable amount of power. This requires an amplifier which is referred as a power amplifier
In class B complimentary symmetry class _B amplifier one n-p-n and p-n-p is used. Hence the
circuit is called class-B complimentary symmetry amplifier. This circuit ifis transformer less
circuit .But with common emitter configuration it becomes power transfer without output
impedance for maximum power transfer without an output transformers. Hence the matched pair
of complementary transistors are used in common collector configuration This is because in
common collector configuration has lowest output impedance and hence the impedance matching
is possible.

PROCEDURE:
1. conncet the circuit s per the circuit diagram
2. apply 4v p-p with 1KHZ frequency using function generator
3.observe the output in CRO .
4.note the cross over distortion in output.(outputVp-p)
5.remove the collector connection and put ammeter.
6. note the Idc value in the ammeter.
7. using Pdc and Pac formulas find the efficiency.

OBSERVATION:
VO =

VCC =

RL =

EFFICIENCY: Pac/PDC = Vmx II /4 X VCC =

Vm = V pp/2

MODEL GRAPHS: I/P

O/P
RESULT: The efficiency of class B complimentary symmetry power amplifier is obtained.

EFFICIENCY: Pac/PDC = Vmx II /4 X VCC =