Fanuc 180i Operation Manual

Delta Punch Presses
Operation Manual and

Programming Course
FANUC 180i PA controller
CNC Screen Display Function
E-960422/03
Version date: 3 May 2001
LVD Company NV - Nijverheidslaan 2 - 8560 Guilegem - Belgium - ^5 +32 (56) 430 697 - as +32 (56) 432 523
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Table of contents:
1 Safety instructions 6
1.1 General 6
1.2 Fundamental safety instructions ___________________________________________ 6

1.2.1 Basic operation and designated use of the machine________________________________________ 6
1.2.2 Organizational measures___________ __________________________________________________7
1.2.3 Selection and qualification of personnel _________________________________________________ 8
1.2.4 Safety instructions for standard operation________________________________________________ 8
1.2.5 Safety instructions for maintenance, repairsand disposal of parts and consumables _______________9
1.2.6 Warning of special dangers_________________________________ ___ _____________________10
2 Machine Specifications______________________________________ _________________ 12
2.1 Datum Positions________________________________________________________ 12

2.1.1 Delta 1000 12
2.1.2 Delta 1250 13
2.1.3 Delta 1250EB____________________________________________ _________________________14

2.1.4 Delta 1500LB _____________________________________ _ ________________ 15
2.2 Coordinate system_______________________________ __________________________17
2.3 Turret layout_____________________________________________________________ 18

2.3.1 Delta 1000/1250/1500 - Thin Turret - 3 index___________________________________________ 18
2.3.2 Delta 1000/1250/1500 - Thin Turret - 4 index(optional)___________________________________ 19
2.3.3 Delta 1000/1250/1500 - Thick Turret - 3 index__________________________________________ 20
2.3.4 Delta 1000/1250/1500 - Thick Turret - 4 index (optional)__________________________________ 21
2.4 Clamp Muting Zones_______________________________ ______________________ 22
3 Control Operation________________________________________ ____________________ 23
3.1 Operator’s Panel__________________________________________________________ 23
3.2 Keyboard_______________________________________________________________ 24
3.3 Machine startup and shutdown procedure ____________________________________ 25

3.3.1 Start-up procedure________ _________________________________ _______________________ 25
3.3.2 Reference cycle___________________________________ _______________________________ 25
3.3.3 Light Guards ____________________________________________________________________ 26
3.3.4 Clamp Scan Cycle_______________________________________ _ _______________________ _ 26
3.3.5 Shutdown procedure_________________________________ ______________________________ 27
Programming Course FANUC 180i PA controller 2

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3.4 How to edit programs (the PROG-function)29
3.4.1 Requesting a program list 29
3.4.2 Writing a new program ____________________________________________________________ 29
3.4.3 Loading an existing program29
3.4.4 Scrolling a program________________________________________________________________ 30
3.4.5 Adding to an existing line30
3.4.6 Adding a new line ___________ _____________________________________________________ 30
3.4.7 Deleting a complete line or a part of it31
3.4.8 Replacing a part of a line____________________________________________________________31
3.4.9 Copying a program________________________________________________________________ 31
3.4.10 Renaming a program ________ ______________________________________________________ 32
3.4.11 Deleting a complete program 32
3.4.12 Deleting a number of consecutive programs32
3.4.13 Deleting all programs____________ __________________________________________________33
3.4.14 The BG-EDIT mode__________ ____________________________________________________ 33
3.4.15 Reading in a program34
3.4.16 Reading out a program _____________________________________________________________ 3 5
3.4.17 Reading out all programs_________________ __________________________________________3 5
3.4.18 Modify a command in a complete program36
3.5 The MDI-mode (PROG-function)_____________________________________________ 36
3.6 The MDI-mode: consulting the machine parameters36
3.7 The JOG mode (manual movement)___________ ________________________________ 37
4 Punching technology38
Die clearance38
Recommendations to punch and nibble scratch-poor39
Length of the punch stroke__________________________________________________ 39
Strip detection____________________________________________________________ 40
Special tools________ 41
4.5.1 Multi-tools_______________________________________________________________________ 41
4.5.2 Wheeling tool_____________________________________________________________________43
4.5.3 Tapping tool___________________ _____________________________________________
4.5.4 Stamping tool_____________________________________________________________ _______
5 Structure of an NC-program47
5.1 Basics ___________________________________________________________ _______ 47

5.1.1 NC-Program 47

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5.1.2 Program components 48
5.1.3 Program section configuration 50
5.1.4 Main program and subprogram 51
5.1.5 NC-files 53
6 G-codes and M-codes _________________________________________________________55
6.1 Table of the most important G-codes55
6.2 Table of the most important M-codes59
7 Programming______________ ________________________________________________ 61
7.1 Glossary of programming codes61
7.2 Bolt hole circle (G26)________________ ______________________________________ 61

7.2.1 Format 61
7.2.2 Explanation 61
7.2.3 Example 63
7.3 Circular punch command (G46 and G47 - cartesian) 64

7.3.1 Format__________________________ _______________________________________________ 64
7.3.2 Explanation64
7.4 Circular nibbling (G68)64

7.4.1 Format64
7.4.2 Explanation65
7.4.3 Example66
7.5 Linear nibbling (G69)______________ ________________________________________ 66

7.5.1 Format 66
7.5.3 Example 68
7.6 Base point command (G72)______________ ________________________________68

7.6.1 Format_________________ ______________ __________________________________________ 68
7.6.2 Explanation and example________________________ ______________________________ 69
7.7 Line at angle (G76) 70

7.7.1 Format 70
7.7.3 Example 71
7.8 Arc (G77) 71

7.8.1 Format 71

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7.8.3 Example_________________________________________________________________________ 72
7.9 Grid (G78, G79)__________________________________________________________ 73

7.9.1 Format__________________________________________________________________________73
7.9.2 Explanation______________________________________________________________________ 73
7.9.3 Example______________________________________________________________ __ ________ 75
7.10 Share proofs (G86)______________________________________________________ 75

7.10.1 Format__________________________________________________________________________75
7.10.2 Explanation______________________________________________________________________ 76
7.10.3 Examples_______________________________________________________________________ 76
7.11 Square destruction (G87)_________________________________________________77

7.11.1 Format____________________________________ _ _____ ______________________________ 77
7.11.2 Explanation_____________________________________________________________________ 77
7.11.3 Examples__________________________________ ____________________________________ _ 78
7.12 Radius nibbling (polar)(G88)_____________________________________________ 78

7.12.1 Format__________________________________ ______________________________________ _ 78
7.12.2 Explanation __________________________________________ ___________________________ 78
7.13 Cut at angle (G89) _____________________________________________________ 80

7.13.1 Format_______________________________________________________________________ ___80
7.13.2 Explanation ___________________________________________________________________ 80

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1 Safety instructions
1.1 General
Only instructed and qualified personnel is allowed to carry out maintenance and service work. Also the minimum age
limit for machine operators must absolutely be respected.
lt is strongly forbidden to stay inside the security zone, defined
A
by the light guard, during operation.
When handling the work pieces, protective gloves and shoes are
The instructions
1 to bestated in the maintenance
worn under allplan are to be strictly observed in order to guarantee a trouble-free operation
circumstances.
of the machine. If these instructions are ignored, the warranty will lapse.
In case of danger press the “EMERGENCY STOP” key to stop the machine immediately.
The machine is designed according to the latest security regulations. Nevertheless, its use may constitute a risk to life
and limb of the user or of third parties, or cause damage to the machine and to other material property.
The user of the machine has to take care of all security

regulations and the manufacturer will not take any responsibility
A
when modifications have been made at mechanical, electrical or
k hydraulic components and/or security equipment, so that the
machine becomes unsafe.
Before start-up of the machine, these operating instructions and especially the warnings of possible dangers must be
read and applied by any person in charge of carrying out work with and on the machine. Only when observing these
instructions, the safety of the operating personnel, output capacity and life of the machine can be ensured.
1.2 Fundamental safety instructions

1.2.1 Basic operation and designated use of the machine
• The machine must only be used in technically perfect condition in accordance with its designated use and the
instructions set out in the operation manuals (FANUC and LVD) must be read and applied. The machine must be
controlled only by safety-conscious persons who are fully aware of the risks involved in operating the machine.
Any functional disorders, especially those effecting the safety of the machine, should therefor be rectified
immediately.
• The machine is designed exclusively for punching sheet metal with thickness and tensile strength according to the
technical description. Using the machine for purposes other than those mentioned above is considered contrary to
its designated use. The manufacturer cannot be held liable for any damages resulting from such use. The risks of
such misuse lies entirely with the user. Operating the machine within the limits of its designated use also involves
observing the instructions set out in the operation manuals and complying with the inspection and maintenance
directives.

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1.2.2 Organizational measures
• The operation manuals must always be at hand at the place of use of the me chine.
• Observe and enforce all statutory or otherwise applicable accident prevention rules that may have to be fulfilled in
addition to the provisions contained herein.
• Such rules may concern the handling of hazardous substances or the use of personal protection equipment.
• The person in charge of safety must be in possession of a copy and be knowledgeable about the manuals and the
safety regulations.
• All safety and risk information must be kept as prescribed by law of the country.
• In addition to the operation manuals, observe and instruct the user in all other generally applicable legal and other
mandatory regulations relevant to accident prevention and environmental protection. These compulsory regulations
may also deal with the handling of hazardous substances, issuing and/or wearing of personal protective equipment.
• The operation manual must be supplemented by instructions covering the duties involved in supervising and notifying
special organizational features, such as job organization, working sequences or the personnel entrusted with the
work.
• Personnel entrusted with their work on the machine must have read the operation manual and in particular the chapter
on safety before beginning the work. Reading the instructions after work has begun is too late. This applies
especially to persons working occasionally on the machine, e.g. during setting up or maintenance.
• Check - at least from time to time - whether the personnel is carrying out the work in compliance with the operating
instructions and paying attention to risks and safety factors.
• For reasons of security, long hair must be tied back or otherwise secured, garments must be close-fitting and no
jewelry - such as rings - may be worn. Injury may result from being caught up in the machinery or from rings
catching on moving parts.
• Use protective equipment wherever required by the circumstances or by law.
• Observe all safety instructions and warnings attached to the machine. Keep warning labels in a perfect legible
condition at all times.
• See to it that safety instructions and warnings attached to the machine are always complete and perfectly legible.
• In the event of safety-relevant modifications or changes in the behavior of the machine during operation, stop the
machine immediately and report the malfunction to the competent authority/person.
• Never make any modifications, additions or conversions at the machine, which might affect safety without the
supplier’s approval. This also applies to the installation and adjustment of safety devices and valves as well as to
welding work on load-bearing elements.
• Spare parts must comply with the technical requirements specified by the manufacturer. Only spare parts from
original equipment manufacturers can be relied to do so.
• Never modify the software of programmable control systems.
• For the execution of maintenance work, tools and workshop equipment adapted to the task on hand are absolutely
indispensable.
• The personnel must be familiar with the location and operation of fire extinguishers.

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—z • Observe all fire-wamings and fire-fighting procedures.
• The employer takes the responsibility in cooperation with:
The safety responsible,

The industrial doctor,
The direct responsible of the machine,
The Committee of Prevention and Protection.
1.2.3 Selection and qualification of personnel
• Any work on and with the machine must be executed by reliable personnel only. Statutory minimum age limits must
be observed.
• Employ only trained or instructed staff and set out clearly the individual responsibilities of the personnel before
operation, set-up, maintenance and repair.
• Make sure that only authorized personnel works on or with the machine. Make sure that the machine cannot be ran
by unauthorized personnel.
• Define the machine operator’s responsibilities and giving the operator the authority to refuse instructions by third
parties that are contrary to safety.
• Only personnel who have undergone training, know and understand the safety features and safety instructions of the
machine and have read the manual, may operate the machine.
• Do not allow persons to be trained or instructed or persons taking part in a general training course to work on or with
the machine without being permanently supervised by an experienced person.
• Work on the electrical system and equipment of the machine must be carried out by a skilled electrician or by
instructed persons under the supervision and guidance of a skilled electrician and in accordance with electrical
engineering rules and regulations.
• Work on the hydraulic system must be carried out only by personnel with special knowledge and experience of
hydraulic equipment.
1.2.4 Safety instructions for standard operation
• Avoid any operational mode that might be prejudicial to safety.
• Take measures that the machine runs only in safe and functional condition. Operate the machine only if all protective
and safety-orientated devices are in place and fully functional.
• Check the machine at least once per working shift for obvious damage and defects. Report any changes (incl.
changes in the machine’s working behavior) to the competent organization/person immediately. If necessary, stop
the machine immediately and lock it.
• In the event of malfunctions, abnormal behavior or a defect, stop the machine immediately by pressing the emergency
stop and lock it. Have any defects rectified immediately.
• The user must supply supplementary warnings according to the circumstances and/or comply with safety provisions,
so that they are always clearly visible and are understandable for everyone who works in or approaches the vicinity
of the machine and/or to the safety services, in order to thereby guarantee maximum safety.

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• Before starting up or setting the machine in motion, make sure that nobody is at risk.
• Before starting the machine, make sure that no hazard can be caused for anyone.
1.2.5 Safety instructions for maintenance, repairs and disposal of parts and
consumables
• Never do maintenance or repairs on the machine when the machine is in production. All operations of maintenance
and repair must be carried out after shutdown of the machine, unless these operations require special functioning.
All interventions are exclusive competence of qualified personnel.
• Observe the adjusting, maintenance and inspection activities and intervals set out in the operation manual, including
information on the replacement of parts and equipment. These activities may only be executed by skilled and
authorized personnel.
• Brief operating personnel before beginning special operations and maintenance work, and appoint a person to
supervise the activities.
• Ensure that the maintenance area is adequately secured.
• If the machine is completely shut down for maintenance and repair work, it must be secured against inadvertent
starting by:
locking the principal control elements and removing the ignition key and
attaching a warning sign to the main switch.
• Do not service or adjust the machine alone.
• To avoid the risk of accidents, individual parts and large assemblies being moved for replacement purposes should be
carefully attached to lifting tackle and secured. Use only suitable and technically perfect lifting gear and
suspension systems with adequate lifting capacity. Never work or stand under suspended loads.
• The fastening of loads and the instructing of crane operators should be entrusted to experienced personnel only. The
supervisor giving instructions must be within sight and sound of the operator.
• For carrying out overhead assembly work always use especially designed or otherwise safety-oriented ladders and
working platforms. Never use machine parts as a climbing aid. Wear a safety harness when carrying out
maintenance work at greater heights. Keep the machine free from dirt.
• Clean the machine, especially connections and treaded unions, of any traces of oil, fuel or preservatives before
carrying out maintenance/repair. Never use aggressive detergents. Use lint-free cleaning rags.
• After cleaning, examine all lubricant and hydraulic fluid lines for leaks, loose connections, chafe marks and damage.
Any defects found must be rectified without delay.
• Always tight any screwed connections which have been loosened during maintenance and repair.
• Any safety devices removed for set-up, maintenance or repair purposes must be refitted and checked immediately
upon completion of the maintenance and repair work.
• Ensure that all consumables and replaced parts are disposed of safety and with minimum environmental impact.
Programming Course FANUC 18Oi PA controller 9

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1.2.6 Warning of special dangers
Electric energy
• Avoid all contact with water or anything that conducts electricity when approaching electrically charged parts of the
machine.
• The electrical accoutrements of the machine, including for example contacts, cables and the electrical cabinet must
therefor regularly be examined by authorized personnel and replaced if necessary.
• Report any abnormalities to the authorized person.
• The electrical cabinet may only be opened by authorized personnel, if the machine is not in operation and with the
appropriate key, and only for checking and repair.
• Use only original fuses with the specified current rating. Switch off the machine immediately if trouble occurs in the
electrical system.
• Work on the electrical system or equipment may only be carried out by a skilled electrician himself or by specially
instructed personnel under the control and supervision of such electrician and in accordance with the applicable
electrical engineering rules.
• If provided for in the regulations, the power supply to parts of machines and plants, on which inspection, maintenance
or repair work is to be carried out, must be cut off. Before starting any work, check the de-energized parts for the
presence of power and ground or short-circuits them in addition to insulation adjacent live parts and elements.
• The electrical equipment of machines is to be inspected and checked at regular intervals. Defects such as loose
connections or scorched cables must be rectified immediately.
• Necessary work on live parts and elements must be carried out in the presence of a second person who can cut off
the power supply in case of danger. Secure the working area with a red-and-white safety chain and a warning sign.
Use insulated tools only.
• Never point at a high voltage area with your hand or any electrically conductive object.
• Before starting work on high-voltage assemblies and after cutting off the power supply, the feeder cable must be
grounded and components, such as capacitors, short-circuited with a grounding rod.
Fire, smoke, dust
• Carry out welding, flame-cutting or grinding work on the machine only if this has been expressly authorized, as there
may be a risk of explosion and fire.
• Before carrying out welding, flame-cutting or grinding operations, clean the machine and its surroundings from dust
and other inflammable substances and make sure that the premises are adequately ventilated (risk of explosion).
• Observe any existing national regulations if work has to be carried out in narrow rooms.
• If hydraulic oil is on fire, extinguish smaller fires with a blanket, otherwise extinguish fire with dry powder (foam) fire
extinguishing gear.
• The machine may only be installed and/or producing if such a fire extinguisher is in the immediate vicinity.

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Hydraulic and pneumatic systems
• Work on hydraulic equipment may be carried out only by persons having special knowledge and experience in
hydraulic systems.
• Check all lines, hoses and screwed connections regularly for leaks and obvious damage. Repair damage
immediately. Splashed oil may cause injury and fire.
• Depressurize all system sections and pressure pipes (hydraulic system, compressed-air system) to be removed in
accordance with the specific instructions for the unit concerned before carrying out any repair work.
• Hydraulic and compressed-air lines must be laid and fitted properly. Ensure that no connections are interchanged.
The fittings, lengths and quality of the hoses must comply with the technical requirements.
Oil, grease and other chemical substances
• When handling oil, grease and other chemical substances, observe the product-related safety regulations.
• Change oil-soaked clothing immediately. Do not carry oily rags in the pockets of your clothing. Avoid inhaling oil-mist
or vapors.
• The proper disposal of lubricants, cooling fluids or cleaning agents is the responsibility of the machine user and has tc
be in accordance with the regulations concerning the disposal of waste.

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2 Machine Specifications
2.1 Datum Positions
2.1.1 Delta 1000
The position of the reference point, the ram and the clamp reposition cylinders for a
Delta 1000 machine can be found in next drawing.

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2.1.2 Delta 1250
Delta 1250 machine can be found in next drawing.

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’.1.3 Delta 1250EB
Delta 1250EB machine can be found in next drawing.

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2.1.4 Delta 1500LB
Delta 1500LB machine can be found in next drawing.
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------------------------------------

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2.2 Coordinate system
These are the coordinate systems which are applied to the LVD Delta Punch Presses.
Positive comers are clockwise.
Y axis negative.
<-----
X axis Degative X axis Positive
Cartesian (rertanguiarj
Coordinate System
Y-axis Positive

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2.3 Turret layout
2.3.1 Delta 1000/1250/1500 - Thin Turret - 3 index
Station Locations Range

1, 5 and 10 0° to 360°-0.01° incr Ud to 0 88.9 index
15 0° 0 31,7 up to 0 88,9
3, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17 and 18 0° Up to 0 31,7
2,6, 11 and 16 0°, 90° and 135° Up to 0 31,7
4, 9, 14 and 19 0°, 225° and 270° Up to 0 31.7

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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.3.2 Delta 1000/1250/1500 - Thin Turret - 4 index (optional)

1,6, 10 and 14 0° to 360° - 0.01° incr Ud to 0 88.9 index
3,4, 8, 12, 16 and 17 0° Up to 0 31,7
2, 7, 11 and 15 0°, 90° and 135° Up to 0 31,7
5,9, 13 and 18 0°, 225° and 270° Up to 0 31,7

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2.3.3 Delta 1000/1250/1500 - Thick Turret - 3 index

1, 6 and 10 0° tot 360°-0,01° incr. Up to 088,9 index
2 and 17 0°, 90° and 135° 012,7 up to 031,7
3, 18 and 19 0° 012,7 up to 031,7
4 and 20 0°, 225° and 270° 012,7 up to 031,7
5 and 16 0° 031,7 up to 050,9
15 0° 031,7 up to 088,9
7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13 and 14 0° Up to 012,7

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2.3.4 Delta 1000/1250/1500 - Thick Turret - 4 index (optional)

1,6, 10 and 14 0° to 360° - 0.01° incr Up to 0 88.9 index
5 and 15 0° 0 31,7 up to 0 50,8
3 and 17 0° 0 12,7 up to 0 31,7
7, 8, 9, 11, 12 and 13 0° Up to0 12,7
2 and 16 0°, 90° and 135° 0 12,7 up to 0 31,7
4 and 18 0°, 225° and 270° 0 12.7 up to 0 31.7

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2.4 Clamp Muting Zones

To avoid punching in the clamps, there are clamp muting zones defined according to the
station type and the turret type. The muting zones are defined as follows:
For a thin turret machine:

Machine type A-station B-station C-station D-station
X Y X Y X Y X Y
Delta 1000 80 50 110 80
Delta 1250 80 50 110 80
Delta 1500 80 50 110 80
For a thick turret machine:

Machine type A-station B-station C-station D-station
X Y X Y X Y X Y
Delta 1000 80 50 80 50 90 60 110 80
Delta 1250 80 50 80 50 90 60 110 80
Delta 1500 80 50 80 50 90 60 110 80

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3 Control Operation
3.1 Operator’s Panel

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3.2 Keyboard

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3.3 Machine startup and shutdown procedure
3.3.1 Start-up procedure
> Switch the main switch on the side of the electrical cabinet on I.
> Check if the red <Emergency Stop> mushroom button is not pressed in. If this is the
case, than release the button by turning it and pulling it out at the same moment.
> Press on the green <ON> button. The computer will now be started up. This can take
a couple of minutes.
> Press on <Custom>, <blank> and <Delete> at the same moment to get the Logon
dialogue box.
> The system will ask for a User Name and a Password. Fill in the fields correctly and
press <Input>.
The CNC screen is automatically started up. If this is not the case, double click on
the <cncscm> icon. Next screen will be shown on the screen.
> Now press the flickering <ESTOP> button. This action will erase all the fault
messages which were still active during the startup-procedure. The button now stays
lit.
> Press the green flickering <Motor On> button. The button now stays lit.
> Press <Manual>
3.3.2 Reference cycle

The machine is started up now, but has no idea of the correct actual positions of the
different axis. Therefore, the operator has to perform a reference cycle. The machine
will initialize the different zero point corresponding with the different axis.
Press <Ref>. Now, the operator has the opportunity to reference the machine
automatically or ‘axis by axis’. If the operator wants to reference the machine
automatically, than the <Autoref> button should be pressed. If the operator wants to
reference a certain axis, than the axis button should be pressed.

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3.3.3 Light Guards

The machine is equipped with a four-point light guard system. As soon as a person or
an object interrupts the (invisible) beam, the machine cycle will be paused. After the
operator has checked that the machine area is cleared, operation can be continued by
pushing two buttons. The first bleu button is located onto the turret cover, the second
bleu reset button is located onto the pedestal. Press these two buttons in this particular
order. This procedure has to be repeated, each time the light guards are activated
3.3.4 Clamp Scan Cycle

The last important action in the startup procedure is the Clamp Scan Cycle. When the
machine is not equipped with programmable (relocatable) clamps, the Clamp Scan
Cycle has to be performed each time the machine has been started up and each time
the clamps have been moved manually.
Using programmable clamps, the Clamp Scan Cycle is only needed if you want to
move the clamps without a program. The Clamp Scan Cycle is not needed anymore
before running every new NC-program. The best way is to start every NC program
with a clamp position line, than the Clamp Scan Cycle will be done automatically.
To perform a Clamp Scan Cycle:

> Set the mode to <MDI> (Manual Data Input) by selecting the <MDI> button.
> Insert the G-code G83A...B...C...1
> E.g. If you want to move the clamps to positions 100, 750 and 1200 then type:
G83A100B750C1200
> Push the green <Cycle Start> button.
' If..you only want to move clamps 1 and 3, then type G83A.. ,C... The system will also take care of which
clamp should be moved first to have no collision with the other clamp.

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3.3.5 Shutdown procedure
3.3.5.1 Comprehensive stutdown procedure

> Press on the red <Motor Off> button. The motor will stop.
> In the CNC Screen display, click on the right mouse button, a small drop-down
menu appears.
Data input/output...
Title bar
Function key
About,.
Minimize
Exit
> In that menu, choose <Exit>. The CNC Screen Display application will shut down.
Next message will appear.

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-----------------------------------
> Shut the computer down by clicking <Start> and <Shut Down.. .>. Proceed the
shutdown procedure by selecting <Shut down the computer?> and <Yes>.
> Wait until the screen shows “It is now safe to turn off your computer.”
> Put the main switch on the electrical cabinet on O.
3.3.5.2 Automatic shutdown procedure

> Press red mushroom Emergency Stop button.
> Press the red ‘Control off’ button on the GE Panel.
> Wait until the Fanuc screen is completely black, then put the main switch on the
electrical cabinet on O.

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3.4 How to edit programs (the PROG-function)
3.4.1 Requesting a program list
• Press the “EDIT” key.

• Press the “PROG” key one or several times, or use the “DIR” soft key in order to
obtain the “PROGRAM DIRECTORY” screen. This screen contains the program
list.
• You can now scroll the program list by means of the “PAGE UP” and “PAGE
DOWN” keys.
3.4.2 Writing a new program

• Press the “PROG” key one or several times or use the “PRGRM” soft key in order
to obtain the “PROGRAM” screen.
• Press the character key “O”.
• Enter the number of the new program by means of the numeric keys.
• Press the “INSERT” key.
• Press the “EOB” key (End Of Bloc). A (semi-colon) appears behind the entered
program number.
• Write the program by means of the numeric and character keys. End each line
with the “EOB” and “INSERT” keys.
• A M99 or M30 must figure in the last line.
3.4.3 Loading an existing program

• Enter the program number by means of the numeric keys.
• Press the “PAGE DOWN” key or use the “O SRH” (O search) soft key.
• In this program, you can now add lines, modify existing lines, delete certain lines,
etc...

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3.4.4 Scrolling a program
There are several ways of scrolling a program:
• One can scroll the program by means of the “CURSOR” keys and the “PAGE”
keys.
• If the program consists of numbered lines, you can jump to a specific line by
pressing the “N” key, followed by the number of the line of your choice + the
“PAGE DOWN” key.
• You can also jump to the next G-code in the program by means of the character
key “G” followed by the “PAGE DOWN” key. This feature can also be used for
M-codes, X-positions, P-values, etc...
• If you make a mistake while entering values, these values can be erased by
pressing the “RESET” or “CAN” keys (RESET = whole line deleted; “CAN” =
cancel = last character of entered line deleted). However, one condition in this
respect is that the value entered must not have been confirmed by the “ALT”,
“INSERT” or “DELETE” keys.
• When the “RESET” key is pressed, the cursor automatically returns to the start of
the program.
• After any changes, the “RESET” key must be pressed if you want to start the
program from the beginning in “AUTO” mode.
3.4.5 Adding to an existing line

• Texts (comments or commands) are added BEHIND the current position of the
cursor. Use the “CURSOR” keys to place the cursor on the position in the
program AFTER which you wish to enter the new text.
• Enter the data to be added by means of the numeric and character keys and press
the “INSERT” key. (Comments should be entered between brackets)
• If you want to add anything at the beginning of an existing line, place the cursor at
the end of the previous line (on the EOB sign).
3.4.6 Adding a new line
• Place the cursor by means of the “CURSOR” keys at the end of the PREVIOUS
line, after which the new line is to be added (the end of a line is shown by the
sign).

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• Enter the data to be added by means of the numeric and character keys and press
the “EOB” key.
3.4.7 Deleting a complete line or a part of it
• Place the cursor by means of the “CURSOR” keys on the part of the line you want
to delete.
• Press the “DELETE” key.
• Each time you press the “DELETE” key again, the part indicated by the cursor is
deleted.
• A full line is deleted by placing the cursor at the beginning of the line, pressing
EOB and pressing the “DELETE” key.
• When a sign (EOB) at the end of a line is deleted, the current and the next line
are combined.
3.4.8 Replacing a part of a line

• Place the cursor by means of the “CURSOR” keys on the part of the line you want
to replace.
• Enter the new part by means of the numeric and character keys.
• Press the “ALT” key.
3.4.9 Copying a program

• Enter the number of the program you want to copy by means of the numeric keys.
• Press the “PAGE DOWN” key.
• Press the “(OPRT)” soft key.
• Press the “+” soft key.
• Press the “EX-EDT” soft key.
• Press the “COPY” soft key.

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• Press the “ALL” soft key: “COPY ALL PRG=0000” appears at the bottom of the
screen.
• Enter the number of the new program by means of the numeric keys.
• Press the “INPUT” key: the number appears in the “COPY ALL PRG=” line.
• Press the “EXEC” soft key.
3.4.10 Renaming a program

• Press the character “O”.
• Enter the number of the program you wish to rename by means of the numeric
keys.
• Press the “PAGE DOWN” key.
• The cursor stands on the program number.
• Enter the new program number by means of the numeric keys.
• Press the “ALT” key.
3.4.11 Deleting a complete program

• Press the “PROG” key. The “PROGRAM” screen or the “PROGRAM
DIRECTORY” screen is activated. The deletion can be made using both screens.
• Enter the number of the program by means of the numeric keys.
• The next program appears on the “PROGRAM” screen.
3.4.12 Deleting a number of consecutive programs

DIRECTORY” screen is activated. The deletion can be made using both screens.

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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• Enter the number of the FIRST program you wish to delete by means of the
numeric keys.
• Enter a comma (first press the “SHIFT” key and than the “J” key)
• Enter the number of the LAST program you wish to delete by means of the
numeric keys.
• The next program appears on the “PROGRAM” screen.
3.4.13 Deleting all programs

DIRECTORY” screen is activated. The delation can be made from both screens.
• Press the following keys in sequence “9” “9” “9” “9”.
The programs with program numbers 8000 to 8999 can be protected against deletion
by setting a machine parameter, (machine parameter 3202, bit #0=1)
The programs with program numbers 9000 to 9999 can be protected against deletion
by setting a machine parameter, (machine parameter 3202, bit #4 = 1)
Note: Execution of a protected program is possible only if machine parameter 3202,

bit #6 is 1.
3.4.14 The BG-EDIT mode

Various edit functions can be carried out during the execution of a program. For
example, while executing a program, it is possible to read, consult and, where
necessary, modify the next program. This editing process takes place during the
execution of a program in background.
• Press the “AUTO” key and start the execution of the program.

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• Press the “PROG” key until the “PROGRAM” menu appears in the active window
of the screen.
• Press the “BG-EDT” soft key. The title of the active window changes into
“PROGRAM (BG-EDIT)”.
You can now carry out the various edit functions. This mode can be deactivated as
follows:
• Press the “EDIT” and “PROG” keys until the “PROGRAM (BG-EDIT)” menu
appears in the active window of the screen.
• Press the “BG-END” soft key. The title of the active window changes again into
“PROGRAM”.
3.4.15 Reading in a program

In practice, the work piece will always be drawn and nested using a software package
(e.g. CADMAN-P). The result is a NC-file. This NC-file can be copied into the
Fanuc control unit.
On the computer side, one has 1 file with sometimes various programs, which all start
with “Oxxxx” (xxxx = program number). Upon reception in the Fanuc control unit,
the NC-file is divided into 1 or several subprograms.
Preparing the Fanuc control unit for reception:

• Press the “EDIT” and “PROG” keys until the “PROGRAM” menu appears in the
active window of the screen.
• Push the Right Mouse Button, select “DATA I/O” and give the location of the file
you want to read in.
• Press soft key “+” followed by “CARD”.
• Press the “FREAD” soft key and key in the file position number (number indicated
next to the file you want to read in).
• Press the “FSET” key followed by “EXEC”.
• The “LSK-INPUT” message appears at the bottom of the active window.

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3.4. i 6 Reading out a program
It is possible to transmit a program from the memory of the Fanuc control unit to a
floppy or harddisk.
One or several programs are transmitted and gathered by the computer into one single
NC-file.
Transmitting the NC-file:

• Press the “EDIT” and “PROG” keys until the “PROGRAM” menu appears in the
active window of the screen.
• In case one single file is transmitted, press the character key “O” and enter the
number of the program you wish to read out by means of the numeric keys. Press
the “CURSOR DOWN” (PAGE DOWN) key.
• In case a group of files is transmitted, press the character key “O”, followed by the
number of the FIRST program. Enter a comma “,” (first press the “SHIFT” key
and than the “J” key). Press the character key “O” and enter the number of the
LAST program.
• Push the Right Mouse Button, select “DATA I/O” and give the location where you
want to transfer your files to.
• Press the “OPRT” soft key and “+”.
• Press the “PUNCH” soft key.
• Press the “EXEC” soft key.
3.4.17 Reading out all programs

Same procedure as above, but with the special program number -9999:
• Press the following keys in sequence “9“ “9“ “9“ “9“
Attention:
The system programs (08000 - 09999) are NOT punched if
these programs are protected against editing.

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3.4.18 Modify a command in a complete program
It is possible to replace a command or part of a command by another command, over a
complete program.
• Load the program.
• Press the soft key “OPRT”.
• Press the soft key
• Press the soft key “EX-EDIT”.
• Press the soft key “CHANGE”.
• Input the existing command (example: G04 XI) and press the soft key “BEFORE”.
• Input the new command (example: G04 X4) and press the soft key “AFTER”.
• Press the soft key “EXEC”.
3.5 The MDI-mode (PROG-functiori)

In “MDI-mode” one or more program lines can be entered and executed, WITHOUT
storage of these program lines in the program memory.
• Press the “MDI” key.
• Press the “PROG” key one or several times, or use the “MDI” soft key in order to
obtain the “PROGRAM (MDI)” screen.
• Enter the program line(s). Press the “EOB” key (End Of Bloc) and press the
“INSERT” key after each line.
For example: G83A100B550C950 EOB INSERT
• Start execution by means of the green “CYCLE START” key.
3.6 The MDI-mode: consulting the machine parameters

This is the procedure to consult the machine parameters. For example, you want to
consult machine parameter 3202: PROTECTED PROGRAMS
• Press the “MDI” key.
• Press the “SYSTEM” key one or several times or use the “PARAM” soft key until
the “PARAMETER(CRT/MDI/EDIT)” screen is displayed.
• Enter the number of the machine parameter: 3202
• Press the “NO.SRH” soft key (Number Search).

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• On the screen the cuirent value of the parameter is displayed:
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
In this case the parameter is split in 8 bits. The bits are numbered from #7 (left) to #0
(right).
♦ The bit #0 is called NE8 and protects the programs with program number from
8000 to 8999. The bit is normally set to 1.
♦ The bit #4 is called NE9 and protects the programs with program number from
9000 to 9999. The bit is normally set to 1.
♦ The bit #6 is called PSR and give permission to read and execute the protected
programs with program numbers 8000 to 9999. The bit is normally set to 1.
3.7 The JOG mode (manual movement)

• Press the “JOG” key.
• Select the axis you want to jog. Select “X”, “Y” or “T”. Pushing “+” results in a
movement in positive direction, pushing results in a movement in negative
direction.
• As long as you continue pressing the key, the axis will move. The axis will stop
only if you release the key or if the axis reaches its software limit.

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4 Punching technology
4.1 Die clearance
When punching sheet metal a clearance between the punch and the die is needed. It is
important to apply the correct clearances. It will extend tool life and avoid stripping
problems.
For different materials different clearances should be used. The table below shows these
clearances. The values are in percentage related to the thickness of the sheet and applied
on the overall size or diameter. For negative dies the maximum values should be
considered.
It is better to have the die clearance too large than too small. When the die clearance is
too small the risk of slug pulling and the tool wear will increase.
Clearance in % of the sheet thickness

Material Minimum Best Maximum
Copper 8 12 16
Messing 6 11 16
Mild steel 400N/mm2 10 15 20
Mild steel 500N/mm2 12 18 24
Aluminium 5 10 15
Stainless steel 12 18 24
Note: There is a minimum clearance:

For index stations: 0,2 mm
For fixed stations: 0,15 mm
A hydraulic punching machine has a limited punching force. The force needed to
punch a hole can be calculated knowing the hole size and the material.
Lts
T=
1000
T: tonnage required [Tons]

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L: total length of cutting edge [mm]
t: material thickness [mm]
s: shear strength of material [N/mm2]
To reduce the incidence of punch breakage we recommend that the punch diameter is
at least once the thickness of the material. For stainless steel it should be twice the
material thickness.
4.2 Recommendations to punch and nibble scratch-poor
Following precautions should be taken to avoid scratches on the sheet.

1. All die comers should be blended and polished.
2. Al dies should be levelled and - if necessary - shimmed.
3. All top-tools should have teflon discs on the stripper (Wilson Zip-mar
discs).
4. Use slughugger or slugfree dies where possible.
5. Use flat sheets to punch.
6. Keep turrets and tables clean.
7. The tools should be regularly regrinded to avoid burrs on the sheet.
Whenever the dies are regrinded, they should also be polished.
8. Make sure the dies have the correct clearance.
4.3 Length of the punch stroke

The upper death point (U.D.P.) of the hydraulic cylinder doesn’t have to be at the same
position all the time. When thicker sheets are punched or when a forming operation is
performed, then a high (maximum) stroke is strongly recommended. When thin
material (for example 1mm thickness) is punched on the other hand, there is a
possibility to decrease the length of the punch stroke. This also means saving time!
The stroke of the cylinder - or the clearance between ram and die - can be adjusted by
adding an M-code. This M-code has to be placed in the beginning of every NC-
program.

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In the tables below, you can find the M-codes together with the clearance between ram
and die.
Tool sizes Thick style tooling Thin style

TOOLING
A, B C D B, D
Punch length 207 209 210 139
Overall length 209 211 211 141
Description M-code Distance ram - die (mm)

Thick style tooling Thin style tooling
A, B C,D B,D
Bottom cilinder M70 205 136
BDP M68 206 137
BDP, 2mm depth reduction M69 208 139
UDP, full retract M48 236 168
Dist stripperplate-die: 3 mm M12 212 214 144
Dist stripperplate-die: 9 mm M18 218 150
Dist stripperplate-die: 10 mm M19 219 151
The length of the punch as well as the die has to be correct, otherwise the values for
the clearance between punch and die are no longer valid.
4.4 Strip detection

In normal condition, the punch hits the material only when the axis are completely at
standstill and in position. Only when the punch has left the material ( when the
hydraulic cylinder is in the UDP ), the axis are allowed to perform their next positioning
operation.

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If for one reason or another (e.g. too small die clearance) the punch doesn’t strip (this
means that the punch stays in the sheet) it’s still possible for the axis to move. The
consequence is a motor falling out or a broken tool.
Therefore, a security measure is built in the machine to detect if the punch has stripped
or not. This is called the ‘Strip Detection’ and can be enabled by placing the code M64
in the beginning of the NC-program.
This function also means a small delay in the processing time of the controller. This is
why the strip detection can be disabled by using the code M65.
4.5 Special tools
4.5.1 Multi-tools
On the Delta with Fanuc controller, the multi-tool function is used. A table inside the
controller is used to set the index rotation and X / Y axis offset for the multi-tool
selected. The T-code for the multi-tool change exists of 3 or 4 digits. The last 2 digits
are always the table number of the mini-tool. The first or first 2 digit(s) are the turret
station.
Example:
T503: turret station 5, mini-tool 3
T1202: turret station 12, mini-tool 2
To support more than one different multi-tool the last 2 digits (Fanuc table) do have
following consensus:
Number of mini-tool T-code
8 TxxOl -> Txx08
20 Txx09 -> Txx28
3 Txx29Txx31

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Example:
T503: turret station 5, multi-tool 8 stations, mini-tool 3
NC code example:
NC-code Comments
(---------- )
(T1-4SQ 5.0 B0.0)

(T13 RE 40.0X30.0 B0.0)
(T24-5 RD 3.0)
(T24-6 RD 5.0)
(T26 RD 10.0)
(---------- )
(TOOL CHANGE)
(MULTITOOL)
X328.2 Y283.3 T2405 T24 contains a 8 tool multi-tool, mini-tool 5 is selected.
G78 18.0 P6 J8.0 K4 Grid punch with mini-tool 5.
(---------- )
(TOOL CHANGE)
(MULTI-TOOL)
X334.0 Y239.0 T2406 Mini-tool 6 is selected.
T24 End of use for this multi-tool.
(---------- )
(TOOL CHANGE)
(MULTI-TOOL)
X344.5 Y178.5 T112 T1 contains a 20 tool multi-tool.
Mini-tool 4 is selected.
T1 End of use for this multi-tool.
(---------- )
(TOOL-CHANGE)
X185.2 Y161.3T26 Standard tool change.
X205.2 Y181.3
G78 115.0 P4 J15.0K3
G72 X345.2 Y281.3

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4.5.2 Wheeling tool
This is to drive following tools: rolling shear, rolling rib, rolling offset, rolling louvre,
rolling pincher. To protect the tool, a machine macro was written for the Fanuc
controller. The macro will set the correct start index angle, reduce feedrates, prevent
overspeeding along small arcs, lift and lower tool if start coordinate of the new span is
too far from the previous point.
G102 Ml Wheel cutting mode started
MO Wheel cutting mode ended
HO Wheel Tool mounted vertical in index
Hl Wheel Tool mounted horizontal in index
F New Feedrate if needed [%]
KI Cutting straight line
X X start coordinate
Y Y start coordinate
U X end coordinate
V Y end coordinate
K2 Cutting clockwise arc
U X end coordinate
V Y end coordinate
I X center coordinate
J Y center coordinate
K3 Cutting counter clockwise arc
U X end coordinate
V Y end coordinate
I X center coordinate
J Y center coordinate
Example: T01 (selects the turret station where the wheel resides)
G70 X300.0 Y300.0 F60000 (go to start coordinate)
G102 Ml Hl (set cutting mode on, tool is mounted horizontal)
G102 KI X300.0 Y300.0 U450.0 V500.0 (cut straight line, auto indexing)
G102 K2 X450.0 Y500.0 U450.0 V100.0 1716.66 J300.0 (cut arc in clockwise direction)
G102 KI X450.0 Y100.0 U300.0 V300.0 (cut last straight span for object)
G102 MO (end cutting mode, tool will lift up)

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4.5.3 Tapping tool
Wire threath tapping can be done with a special tool. Before tapping can be done, a
correct pre-punch must be performed. Supported threaths are: M2 - M2.5 - M3 - M4 -
M5-M6-M8.
The macro in the Fanuc controller will add all needed codes and do the complete cycle.
G101 Call macro for wire threath tapping

M Wire threath to tap
Example: X1000. Y1000. T7 (do the pre-punch)

XI100. Y1000.
T1 (do tapping operation, M78 disables the index offset)
G70 XI000. Y1000. (go to pre-punched hole)
G101 M4 (tap metric 4 hole)
G70 XI100. Y1000. (go to next pre-punch)
G101 M4 (tap metric 4 hole)
T1 (will raise the tool again)
G28
M30
4.5.4 Stamping tool

The stamping or lettering tool is used to quickly mark parts. We currently support 2
types out of the Wilson Series, named “Automark”, the 12 and the 40 character tool.
The user can type in a string of characters to stamp. After indicating a position and an
interval between characters the positions and angles are calculated using the table below.
The system should also allow the entry of a space.
Table of the 40 character D station stamping tool

# Char Y offset Angle Output
01 A 39.6 9
02 B 39.6 18
03 C 39.6 27
04 D 39.6 36
05 E 39.6 45
06 F 39.6 54
07 G 39.6 63
08 H 39.6 72
09 I 39.6 8)
10 J 39.6 90
11 K 39.6 99
12 L 39.6 108
13 M 39.6 117

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14 N 39.6 126
15 O 39.6 135
16 P 39.6 144
17 Q 39.6 153
18 R 39.6 162
19 S 39.6 171
20 T 39.6 180
21 U 39.6 189
22 V 39.6 198
23 w 39.6 207
24 X 39.6 216
25 Y 39.6 225
26 Z 39.6 234
27 1 39.6 243
28 2 39.6 252
29 3 39.6 261
30 4 39.6 270
31 5 39.6 279
32 6 39.6 288
33 7 39.6 297
34 8 39.6 306
35 9 39.6 315
36 0 39.6 324
37 - 39.6 333
38 39.6 342
39 / 39.6 351
40 # 39.6 360
The NC format is as follows:

T2 (selects a tool)
XI 00.0 Y89.2 Q261 (stamp the character 3)
o' T2 (raise the multi-tool)
Table of the 12 character B station stamping tool

# Char Y offset Angle Output
01 0 10.8 0
02 1 10.8 30
03 2 10.8 60
04 3 10.8 90
05 4 10.8 120
06 5 10.8 150
07 6 10.8 180
08 7 10.8 210
09 8 10.8 240
10 9 10.8 270
11 - 10.8 300
12 / 10.8 330

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The NC format is as follows:

T4 (selects a tool)
XI04.0 Y89.2 QI80 (stamp the character 6)
T4 (raise the multi-tool)

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5 Structure of an NC-program
5.1 Basics
5.1.1 NC-Program
The various commands given to the NC necessary to have the machine work, are
grouped in a so called NC-program.
There are two program types: main programs and subprograms.
Normally, the NC operates according to the main program. However, when a
command calling a subprogram is encountered in the main program, control is passed
to the subprogram. When a command specifying a return to the main program, control
is returned to the main program.
A program consists of the following components:
Components Description
Tape start Symbol indicating the start of a program file

Leader section Used for the title of a program file, etc.
Program start Symbol indicating the start of a program
Program section Commands for machining
Comment section Comments or directions for the operator
Tape end Symbol indicating the end of a program

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Leader
Tape start % TITLE;

Program
00001
Program (Comment) Comment
M30;
% Tane end
Fig. 7.1: Program configuration
A program section consists of several blocks. A program section starts with a program
number and ends with a program end code.
For example:
Program number 03594;

Block 1 N1 G83A100B600C850;
Block 2 N2 G90X100Y200;
Block n Nn ...
Program end M30;
A block contains information necessary for machining, such as a move command or

nibble command. Specifying a value following a slash (/) at the start of a block
disables the execution of that same block only if also the ‘Block Delete’ [8] button is
enabled.
So, a NC-program consists of several blocks and each block consist of one or more
(machining) commands.
5.1.2 Program components

The tape start indicates the start of a file that contains NC-programs. The mark is not
required when programs are entered using the online software. The mark is not

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displayed on the display screen. However, if the file is output, the mark is
automatically put at the start of the file.
Data entered before the programs in a file constitutes a leader section. When
machining is started, the label skip state is usually set by turning on the power or
resetting the system. In the label skip state, all information is ignored until the first
end-of-block code is read. When a file is read into the CNC unit from an I/O device,
leader sections are skipped by the label skip function.
A leader section generally contains information such as a file header. When a leader
section is skipped, even a TV parity check is not made. So a leader section can
contain any codes except the EOB-code.
The program start code is to be entered immediately after a leader section, that is,
immediately before a program section. This code indicates the start of a program, and
is always required to disable the label skip function.
Attention:
If one file contains multiple programs, the EOB-code for label skip
operation must not appear before a second or subsequent number.
However, a program start is required at the start of a program if the
previous program ends with %.
Any information between brackets is regarded as comment and skipped by the CNC.
The user can enter a header, comments, directions to the operator, etc in a comment
section using the EOB-code or any other code. There is no limit on the length of a
comment section.
Attention:
If a long comment section appears in the middle of a program section, a
move along an axis may be suspended for a long time because of such a
comment. So a comment section should be placed where movement
suspension may occur or no movement is involved.

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A tape end is to be placed at the end of a file containing NC programs. If programs
are entered using the offline software, the mark doesn t need to be entered. The mark
is not always displayed on the display screen. However, when a file is output, the
mark is automatically output at the end of the file.
5.1.3 Program section configuration

For a common program configuration, see next figure.
% TITLE;
00001 Program
_______
N1 Sequence
Program >< (Comment) < Comment
MoO; Program
%
Fig. 7.2: Common program configuration
A program number consisting of address O followed by a four-digit number is assigned

to each program at the beginning registered in memory to identify the program. When
no program number is specified at the start of a program, the sequence number (N...) at
the start of a program is regarded as its program number. If a five-digit sequence
number is used, the lower four digits are registered as a program number. If the lower
four digits are all 0, the program number registered immediately before added to 1
registered as a program number. Note, however, that NO cannot be used for a program
number.
If there is no program number or sequence number at the start of a program, a program
number must be specified using the MDI panel when the program is stored in memory.
Note: Program numbers 8000 to 9999 are used by LVD Company NV and the user is
not able to use these numbers.
A program consists of several commands. One command unit is called a block. One
block is separated from another with an EOB or ‘End-Of-Block’-code.
At the head of a block, a sequence number consisting of an address N followed by a
number not longer than five digits (1 to 99999). Sequence numbers can be specified in

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a random order, and any numbers can be skipped. Sequence numbers may be specified
for all blocks or only for desired blocks of the program. In general, however, it is
convenient to assign sequence numbers in ascending order in phase with the machining
steps.
Attention:
NO must be used for the reason of file compatibility with other CNC
systems. Program number 0 cannot be used. So 0 must not be used for
a sequence number regarded as a program number.
A block consists of one or more words. A word consists of an address followed by a

number some digits long. (The plus sign (+) or the minus sign (-) may be prefixed to a
number).
Word = Address + Number (Example: Y-200)
For an address, one of the letters (A to Z) is used; an address defines the meaning of a
number that follows the address. The same address may have different meanings,
depending on the preparatory function specification.
The end of a program is indicated by writing a M30-code at the end of the program.
If the program end-code is executed in program execution, the CNC terminates the
execution of the program, and the reset state is set. When the subprogram end-code is
executed, control returns to the program that called the subprogram.
5.1.4 Main program and subprogram
Frequently used groups of program blocks can be programmed in a separate NC

program. In this case, the NC program is called a subprogram. The subprogram can
be called one or several times by the main program. A subprogram can also be called
by another subprogram.
Configuration of a subprogram:

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o; Subprogram
M99; Program
Subprogram call
M98 0000
t A
subprogram number
number of times
Fig. 7.3: Subprogram (call)
The subprogram can be called repeatedly.
When the main program calls a subprogram, it is regarded as a one-level subprogram

call. Thus, subprogram calls can be nested up to four levels as shown below.
Main program Subprogram Subprogram Subprogram Subprogram
00001; 01000; 02000; 03000; 04000;
M98P1000; M98P2000; M98P3000; M98P4000;
M30; M99; M99; M99; M99;
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4
Fig. 7.4: Number of subprogram levels
If M99 is executed in a main program, control returns to the start of the main program.
Note: The subprogram call function uses a command in P_L_ format. This program
is also used to call a program from an external input/output unit (M98).
Example: M98P15;

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This is a subprogram number call. It is not a set of a
repetition count and a subprogram number.
M98P15L5;
P: subprogram number
L: repetition count
5.1.5 NC-files
With the exception of some very simple cases, a punching pattern is never directly
programmed on the Fanuc control unit. In most cases, an off-line software package,
CADMAN-P for example, is used to prepare the program.
By means of the CADMAN-P package, a number of work piece drawings are made
(CAD function). These drawings are then gathered into a basic plate and completed
with the punching function (CAM function). The result of this gathering in one plate
is called a nesting. The post-processor of the CADMAN-P package creates a NC-
program, based upon this nesting.
This created NC-program has a particular structure. A logical one is a structure in
which for each work piece one subroutine is created. Apart from this, a main program
is created. This main program will call the various subroutines.
The post-processor stores the main program and the various subprograms on PC in a
single file, called the NC-file. This NC-file is then transmitted from the PC to the
Fanuc control unit. Once arrived in the control unit, the NC-file is automatically split
into a number of programs, called the NC-programs (main program and one or more
subprograms).
Characteristics:
The first line and the last line only contain a percentage (%) sign.
Within the NC-file, the different programs are recognized by means of their number by
a colon (:) sign or the character O.
In a NC-file, the program lines or program blocks do NOT end with an EOB sign.

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—> The NC-file is sent from the PC to the Fanuc control unit. Upon arrival, the NC-file is
automatically split into a number of programs: the NC-p/ograms (main program and
one or more subprograms).
The NC-file is given a certain name. This name is lost when the NC-file is sent to the
control unit.

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6 G-codes and M-codes

6.1 Table of the most important G-codes
G-code Format Comment

GOO GOO IP_; The GOO command moves a tool to the position in the work piece
IP_: For an absolute command, system specified with an absolute or an incremental command at
the coordinates of an end position, a rapid traverse rate.
and for an incremental command, In the absolute command, coordinate value of the end point is
the distance the tool moves. programmed.
In the incremental command, the distance the tool moves is
programmed.
G01 G01 IP F; Linear interpolation

IPj For an absolute command, A tool moves along a line to the specified position at the feedrate
the coordinates of an end position, specified in F.
and for an incremental command, The feedrate specified in F is effective until a new value is
the distance the tool moves. specified. It doesn’t have to be specified for each new block.
F_ - Speed of tool feed (feedrate) The feedrate commanded in the F-code is measured along the
tool path. If the F-code is not commanded, the feedrate is
regarded as zero.
G02 G02 Xp Yp I J F; or Circular interpolation

(G03) G02 Xp_Yp_R_F_; The command will move a tool along a circular arc
Command values of X-axis G02: clockwise
or its parallel axis G03: counter clockwise
yp_.- Command values of Y-axis or
its parallel axis
I_: Xp axis distance from the start
point to the center of an arc with
sign
J_: Yp axis distance from the start
point to the center of an arc with
sign
R_: Arc radius with sign fixed to
radius designation.
F_: Feedrate along the arc

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G04 G04 X_; or Dwell mode
G04 P_; By specifying a dwell, the execution of the next block is delayed
Specify a time (decimal point by the specified time. When neither P nor X are specified, exact
permitted) stop is performed.
P_: Specify a time (decimal point
not permitted)
GIO GIO LI Pp X_ Y_; Will change the actual work piece coordinate system to one of
1: Fixed variable, the 5 available work piece coordinate systems.
p: Number of the new coordinate
system (2 to 6),
X_: X-axis offset value,
Y_: Y-axis offset value.
G20 G20; (Inch input) Inch input or mm input
G21 G21; (mm input) Either inch input or metric input can be selected by a G-code.
Warnings:
- G20 and G21 must not be switched during a program.
- When switching inch input (G20) to metric input (G21)
and vice versa, the tool compensation must be reset.
However, if bit 0 (OIM) of parameter 5006 is 1, tool
compensation is automatically converted.
- Reference position return is performed at a low speed for
the first G28 command after the inch input is switched to
the metric input or vice versa.
G28 G28; Automatic reference position return
When the G28-code is entered at the end of a program, the
machine automatically returns to its reference position.
G52 G52 IP_; Setting the local coordinate system

By specifying G52 IP;, a local coordinate system can be set in
all the work piece coordinate system (G54 to G59). The origin of
each local coordinate system is set at the position specified by
IP_ in the work piece coordinate system.
The local coordinate system can be cancelled by command
G52 IPO;
G53 G53 IP_; Machine coordinate system

G55 G55 IP_; Set work piece coordinate system 2

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G58 G58 IP_; Set work piece coordiiu ;e system 5
G65 G65 PpL| <argument-specification>; Custom Macro Call
p: Number of the program to call, When G65 is specified, the custom macro specified at address P
1: Repetition count (1 by default), is called. Data (argument) can be passed to the custom macro
argument: data passed to the program.
macro.
G70 G70 IP_; No punch
Positioning and no punch cycle. Using a G70-code, it is possible
to move the axis in rapid traverse to a certain position, although
not followed by a punch cycle.
G73 G73 Ww Qq; Multi part machine command
w: Macro number to call that Will start to machine the multi part in X direction by calling the
holds the punch commands, commands stored in the macro function(s).
q: Punching start: Must have a multi part base point definition line before this
QI: Punching starts in lower left comer command (see G98).
Q2: Punching starts in lower right comer
Q3: Punching starts in upper left comer
Q4: Punching starts in upper right comer
G74 G74 Ww Qq; Multi part machine command
w: Macro number to call that Will start to machine the multi part in Y direction by calling the
holds the punch commands, commands stored in the macro function(s).
q: Punching start: Must have a multi part base point definition line before this
QI: Punching starts in lower left comer command (see G98).
Q2: Punching starts in lower right comer
Q3: Punching starts in upper left comer
Q4: Punching starts in upper right comer
G75 G75; Sheet repositioning
G83 G83AaBbCc; Clamp repositioning

If the machine is equipped with programmable clamps, this code
will relocate the clamps. Clamp 1 moves to position a, clamp 2
moves to position b and clamp 3 moves to position c.
G90 G90; Absolute programming
G91 G91; Incremental programming
G92 G92 IP_; Set work piece coordinate system

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G98 G98 Xx Yy Ii Jj Pp Kk; Defines a multi part in a sheet
x: X-axis base point of multi part Each tool operation mu: t be included within the macro (Uxx,
y: Y-axis base point of multi part
Vxx) boundaries.
i: Part length (slitting and gap to include)
See G73 and G74 for repeating details.
j: Part width (slitting and gap to include)
p: number of horizontal products (part 1 This function also allows “trial machining”, to test the first
excluded) component before producing the sheet with components.
k: number of vertical products (part 1
Therefor, set parameter 16206 in MDI mode to:
excluded)
0: Multi part function not used.
1: Trial punching (first component).
2: Machining on the rest of the material.
3: Machining on the full sheet.

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6.2 Table of the most important M-codes
M-code Comment
MOO Program Stop (Press the “Cycle Start” to resume the program)
MOI Optional Program Stop (activate and deactivate pressing the “OPT STOP” button)
M30 End of the program
M36 Disable slug suction
M37 Enable slug suction
M40 Enable sheet lubrication
M41 Disable sheet lubrication
M42 Enable punch lubrication
M43 Disable punch lubrication
M48 Full retract
M49 Part retract
M60 Thin material select
M61 Thick material select
M62 Sheet marking active
M63 Cancel sheet marking
M64 Enable strip detection
M65 Disable strip detection
M66 Soft cut enable

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M67 Soft cut disable
M68 Ram at bottom position (normal)
M69 Ram at bottom position (less 2 mm)
M70 Ram down enable
M71 Ram down disable
M72 Forming mode active
M73 Cancel forming mode
M98P..? Go from the main program (or a subprogram) to an(other) subprogram.

P: subprogram number
M992 3 An M99 at the end of a subprogram (program) causes a return to the previous subprogram or to the
main program.
An M99 at the beginning of the main program causes a return to the beginning of the main
program; the main program is executed again.
2 In a more general form: M98 P... L..one can program the number of times L that the subprogram must be
executed.
3 In a more general form: M99 P.one can program the line number P where the calling program (main
program or subroutine) must continue execution.

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7 Programming
7.1 Glossary of programming codes
G26 Bolt hole circle

G46 Circular punch command (cartesian)
G47 Circular punch command (cartesian)
G68 Circular nibbling
G69 Linear nibbling
G72 Base point command
G76 Line at angle
G77 Arc
G78 Grid
G79 Grid
G86 Share proofs
G87 Square destruction
G88 Radius nibbling (polar)
G89 Cut at angle
7.2 Bolt hole circle (G26)
7.2.1 Format
G26 I r J 0 K n ;
7.2.2 Explanation
This G26 punches n pieces of equally divided points on the circumference, starting
with the point which forms angle 0 with the reference to X-axis on the circumference
having radius r with the present tool position or the position commanded by G72 being
set as the circle center.

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r: Radius of circle
The unit is input unit.
It is commanded by a positive number.
0: Angle between the first punch point and positive X-axis.
This unit is input unit (deg), and the counterclockwise direction is commanded
as positive.
n: Number of punch points (±1 to ±9999).
Counter clockwise punching is made by a positive number, while clockwise
punching is made by a negative number.

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7.2.3 Example
Program example: Comment

01226; Program number
G90 F75000 T3; Initialize absolute programming, feed and tool
M60; Initialize thin material
M12; Initialize length of z-stroke
G70X100 Y80; Go to position X = 100 and Y = 80 without punching
G26 130 J90 K-6; Punch bolt hole circle
M6; Return to home position
M30; End of program

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7.3 Circular punch command (G46 and G47 - cartesian)
7.3.1 Format
G46 Xx Yy Rr P d Q b ;
G47 Xx Yy Rr P d Q £ ;
7.3.2 Explanation
These commands specify the punch operation from the current position or the position
specified by the G72 command to an end point at coordinates (x,y) with an interval of
q using a tool of diameter d along an arc of radius r.
G46: clockwise punch movement along an arc (CW)

G47: counterclockwise punch movement along an arc (CCW)
x: X coordinate of the end point
y: Y coordinate of the end point
r: radius of the arc
r = 0: Alarm 169 is issued.
r < 0: An arc with a center angle of 180 degrees or more.
r < 0: An arc with a center angle of less than 180 degrees.
d: direction in which a tool is shifted relative to the direction in which the punch
moves (can be omitted).
d = 0: The punch moves along the specified arc.
d < 0: The punch moves along the inside of the arc.
d > 0: The punch moves along the outside of the arc.
q: Interval
7.4 Circular nibbling (G68)
7.4.1 Format
G68 I r J 0 K A0 P d Q b ;

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7.4.2 Explanation
Nibbling is made at pitch p, using a tool having diameter d, starting with the point
which forms angle 0 with reference to the X-axis on the circumference having radius r,
with the present tool position or the position specified by G72 being set as the circle
The unit is input unit by a positive number.

0: Angle formed between the first punch point and the positive X-axis. The unit
is input (deg), and the counterclockwise direction is commanded by a positive
number.
A0: Incremental angle from the first punch point to the least punch point.
The unit is input unit (deg). Counterclockwise nibbling is made when this
angle is commanded by a positive number.
d: Tool diameter value. The unit is input unit. Nibbling is made outside the arc
when this value is positive, inside the arc when this value is negative and on the
circumference when the value is 0.
p: Pitch.
The unit is 0,01 mm in mm input and 0,01 inch in inch input. This pitch is
specified as an arc length.

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7.4.3 Example

G70 X50 Y10; Go to position X = 50 and Y = 10 without punching
G68 1100 J135 K-90 P-15 Q6; Punch the circular nibbling
M30; End of program
7.5 Linear nibbling (G69)
7.5.1 Format
G69 11J 0 P d Q p ;

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7.5.2 Explanation
By the above command, nibbling is made at pitch p using a tool having diameter d
along a straight line of length 1 which forms angle 0 with reference to the X-axis,
starting with the present tool position or the position specified by G72 as the start
point.
1: Length of the straight line.

The unit is input unit. If a negative number is commanded, the angle between
the straight line and the positive X-axis becomes 0+180 deg.
0: Angle formed between straight line and the positive X-axis.
The input is input unit (deg), and the counterclockwise direction is commanded
by a positive number.
d: Tool diameter value.
The unit is input unit. Nibbling is made leftwards by d/2 when this value is
positive or rightwards by d/2 when the value is negative as viewed from the
start point to the end point of the straight line. Nibbling is made along the
straight line when this value is zero.
p: Pitch.
The unit is input unit. This is commanded by the length in the straight line
direction.

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7.5 3 Example
G70X100 Y50; Go to position X = 100 and Y = 50 without punching
G69 1100 J150 P-10 Q3; Punch the linear nibbling
M30; End of program
7.6 Base point command (G72)
7.6.1 Format
G72 X x Y y ;

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7.6.2 Explanation and example
The present position of the tool when the pattern function was commanded, i.e. the
tool position in the block just before the pattern function command, is the base point of
pattern. If it is desired to set another position as the pattern base point, the base point
of pattern is assignable by this command.
The (x,y) point in the work coordinate system is the pattern base point in absolute
(G90) programming, while the point distant from the present position by (x,y) is the
reference point in the incremental (G91) programming.
G72 specifies the pattern base point, and the tool does not move.
Note: None of T-code, M-code and F-code is commandable in G72 block.

G72 is a one-shot G-code.
Movement of tool in
program 1
Movement of tool in
program 2
Program 2
G90X50.Y50.;
G70X150. Y150.; G72X150. Y150.;
(50, 50)
G26I60. J0K4; G26I60. J0K4;

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7.7 Line at angle (G76)
7.7.1 Format
G76 I d J 0 K n ;
7.7.2 Explanation
By the above command, punching is made at n pieces of points which lie every
intervals of d along the straight line which forms angle 0 with reference to the X-axis,
starting with the present tool position or the position specified by G72 as the start
point.
Start point
d: Punch point interval.

If this value is commanded with negative, punching is made in the 0 + 180 deg
direction.
0: Angle which is formed between the positive X-axis and the line connecting the
start point and punch points.
The unit is input unit (deg), and the counterclockwise direction is commanded
by a positive number.
n: Number of punch points (1 to 9999).

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7.7.3 Example
G70 X50Y10; Go to position X= 50 and Y = 10 without punching
G76 130 J30 K4; Punch the line at an angle of 30°
M30; End of program
7.8 Arc (G77)
7.8.1 Format
G77 I r J0PA0Kn ;
7.8.2 Explanation
By the above command, punching is made at n pieces of points every incremental A0

angle, starting with the point which forms 0 angle with reference to the X-axis on the
circumference of radius r, with the present tool position or the position specified by
G72 being set as the circle center.

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r: Radius of arc.
This unit is input unit, and this radius is commanded by a positive number.
0: Angle formed between the first punch po’"t and the positive X-axis. Its unit is
input unit (deg), and counterclockwise punching is commanded by a positive
number.
A0: Angle formed between adjacent punch points.
The unit is input unit (deg).
Counterclockwise punching is commanded by a positive number,
n: Number of punch points (1 to 9999)
7.8.3 Example
G70 X50Y100; Go to position X = 50 and Y = 100 without punching
G77 I30J180 P-30 K7; Punch the arc with center (50,100)
M30; End of program

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7.9 Grid (G78, G79)
7.9.1 Format
G78 I dx P nx J dy k ny ; or
G79 I dx P nx J dy k ny ;
7.9.2 Explanation
By the above command, punching is made at matrix points consisting of nx pieces at

intervals of dx in the X-axis direction and ny pieces at intervals of dy in the Y-axis
direction, i.e., (nx +1) x (ny + 1) - 1 = nxny + nx + + ny pieces in total, starting with
the present tool position or the position specified by G72 being set as the start point.
G78 commands punching in the X-axis direction, while G79 commands punching in
the Y-axis direction.

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dx: Punch point intervals in the X-axis direction.

This is commanded by a positive number when the first punch point in the X-
axis direction is located in the “+X” direction as viewed from the start point.
dy: Punch point intervals in the Y-axis direction.
This is commanded by a positive number when the first punch point in the Y-
axis direction is located in the “+Y” direction as viewed from the start point.
nx: Number of punch points in the X-axis direction (1 to 9999).
The start point is excluded from the number of punch points.
ny: Number of punch points in the Y-axis direction (1 to 9999).
The start point is excluded from the number of punch points.

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7.9.3 Example
X500 Y100; Go to position X = 500 and Y = 100 and punch
G78 1-30 P3 J20 K3; Punch the grid
M30; End of program
7.10 Share proofs (G86)
7.10.1 Format
G86 11 J 0 P wi Q w2;

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7.10.2 Explanation
With the current position or the coordinates designated by G72 as a start point, this
function allows to punch length 1 in the direction of angle 0 for the X-axis, using a
rectangular tool with wi as the width and w2 as the length.
1: The unit of this length is the input unit.
In the case of negative, perform punching operation in a symmetrical direction
at the starting point as its center.
0: The angle for the X-axis is fixed in integers in increments of 0.01 degrees.
The counterclockwise direction corresponds to positive.
wb w2:Tool profile size. The unit conforms to the input unit. For positive and
negative, punch the left and right sides in the forward direction, respectively.
Both W] and w2 must be designated when either positive or negative. For a
square tool, with wi = w2, w2 may be omitted.
7.10.3 Examples

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G72G90X5.0Y10.0; 10
G86I80.0J0P-10.0 ;
T1O1 10
4- 4-
5------ > <---------- 5°---------->
Wt Xn-1 Xn’
- I- 4- 4-
___ f-W,
___ €
7.11 Square destruction (G87)
7.11.1 Format
G871 lx J ly P wi Q Wj ;
7.11.2 Explanation
With the current position or the coordinates designated by G72 as a starting point, it
allows to punch a rectangle with length lx in the x-axis direction and length ly in the
Y-axis direction, using a tool with wi as the width and w2 as the length.
lx,ly: Side length of rectangle.
The unit is the input unit. For positive and negative, the length shall be in the
+X, +Y and -X, -Y directions, respectively.
wi,w2: Tool profile size.
The unit is the input unit. This size is designated as a positive number. For a
square tool with W] = w2, w2 may be omitted.

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7.11.3 Examples
G72 G90X10.0 Y5.0;
G87 1100.0 J-50.0 P10.0 Q7.0;
10
<—>
A 7“ 4- ---------> 1
5
A
10 ----- > 50
Punching
V director
<---------
100
7.12 Radius nibbling (polar) (G88)
7.12.1 Format
G88 I r J 0 K A0_P d Q jj ;
7.12.2 Explanation
The punching operation is performed at pitch P between a point having angle 0 for the
X-axis on the circumference (diameter r) and a point having angle 0 + A0 for the X-
axis with he current tool position or position designated by G72 as a center according
to the above, using a tool with diameter d.

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r: Radius of circle.
The radius is designated in positive at input unit.
0: Angle of the first punch point for the X-axis.
The counterclockwise direction is designated in positive form increments of
input unit (deg).
A0: Incremental angle from the first punch point to the last punch point. Punching
operation is performed counterclockwise when positive in increments of input
unit (deg).
d: Tool diameter.
The incremental unit is input unit.
It allows to punch the circle outside, the circle inside, and the circumference,
when positive, negative, and 0, respectively.
p: Pitch
Designate the circular length in input unit, respectively.
Radius nibbling (G88) is the same as with circular nibbling (G68) except that there is
no pitch limit value by parameter setting, and it stops at each punch point for a single
block.

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7.13 Cut at angle (G89)
7.13.1 Format
G89 11J 0 P d Q e ;
7.13.2 Explanation
This function allows to punch a straight line with length 1 having angle 0 to the X-axis
with the current tool position or the position designated by G72 as a starting point, at
1: Straight line length.

The unit is input unit. When a negative number is designated, the angle 0 is a
straight line and the positive X-axis is 0 + 180 degrees.
0: Angle of straight line to the positive X-axis.
Designate the counterclockwise direction at positive in increments of input unit
(deg).
d: Tool diameter.

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The tool is offset by d/2 to the left when positive and to the right when negative
from the straight line start point to the end point for nibbling. Perform
punching operation on the straight line at 0.
p: Pitch.
The unit is input unit. Designate the pitch with the length in the straight line
direction.
Cut at angle (G89) can be compared with straight line nibbling (G69).

c

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Delta Punch Presses

Operation Manual and

CNC Screen Display Function

1.2 Fundamental safety instructions ___________________________________________ 6

2 Machine Specifications______________________________________ _________________ 12

2.1 Datum Positions________________________________________________________ 12

2.1.2 Delta 1250 13

2.1.3 Delta 1250EB____________________________________________ _________________________14

2.2 Coordinate system_______________________________ __________________________17

2.3 Turret layout_____________________________________________________________ 18

2.4 Clamp Muting Zones_______________________________ ______________________ 22

3 Control Operation________________________________________ ____________________ 23

3.1 Operator’s Panel__________________________________________________________ 23

3.3 Machine startup and shutdown procedure ____________________________________ 25

Programming Course FANUC 180i PA controller 2

3.5 The MDI-mode (PROG-function)_____________________________________________ 36

3.6 The MDI-mode: consulting the machine parameters36

3.7 The JOG mode (manual movement)___________ ________________________________ 37

Recommendations to punch and nibble scratch-poor39

Length of the punch stroke__________________________________________________ 39

5.1 Basics ___________________________________________________________ _______ 47

Programming Course FANUC 180i PA controller 3

6 G-codes and M-codes _________________________________________________________55

6.1 Table of the most important G-codes55

6.2 Table of the most important M-codes59

7.1 Glossary of programming codes61

7.2 Bolt hole circle (G26)________________ ______________________________________ 61

7.3 Circular punch command (G46 and G47 - cartesian) 64

7.4 Circular nibbling (G68)64

7.5 Linear nibbling (G69)______________ ________________________________________ 66

7.6 Base point command (G72)______________ ________________________________68

7.7 Line at angle (G76) 70

7.8 Arc (G77) 71

Programming Course FANUC 180i PA controller 4

7.9 Grid (G78, G79)__________________________________________________________ 73

7.10 Share proofs (G86)______________________________________________________ 75

7.11 Square destruction (G87)_________________________________________________77

7.12 Radius nibbling (polar)(G88)_____________________________________________ 78

7.13 Cut at angle (G89) _____________________________________________________ 80

Programming Course FANUC 180i PA controller 5

lt is strongly forbidden to stay inside the security zone, defined

The user of the machine has to take care of all security

1.2 Fundamental safety instructions

Programming Course FANUC 180i PA controller 6

• Use protective equipment wherever required by the circumstances or by law.

• Never modify the software of programmable control systems.

Programming Course FANUC 180i PA controller 7

• The employer takes the responsibility in cooperation with:

The safety responsible,

1.2.3 Selection and qualification of personnel

1.2.4 Safety instructions for standard operation

• Avoid any operational mode that might be prejudicial to safety.

Programming Course FANUC 180i PA controller 8

• Ensure that the maintenance area is adequately secured.

• Do not service or adjust the machine alone.

Programming Course FANUC 18Oi PA controller 9

• Report any abnormalities to the authorized person.

Fire, smoke, dust

2 Machine Specifications______________________ _ 12

2.1.3 Delta 1250EB____________________ _14

2.2 Coordinate system_____ 17

2.4 Clamp Muting Zones_________ 22

3 Control Operation____________________ 23

3.7 The JOG mode (manual movement)_ ______________________ 37

5.1 Basics _____________________________________________________ _ 47

7.2 Bolt hole circle (G26) ______________________ 61

7.5 Linear nibbling (G69) __________________________ 66

7.6 Base point command (G72) __________________68