The Fine Art Module 2

The Fine Art (17th-19th Century) and
Modernism in the 19th Century
Overview
Fine art or the fine arts, from the 17th century on, denote art forms developed primarily for
aesthetics and/or concept, distinguishing them from applied arts that also serve some practical function.
This period made some artists gained freedom by at the courts or monarchs and nobility, while others
made art to sell directly to individual working collectors. As a result, art academies became increasingly
important as a way to enter into the profession without conforming to guild regulations.
• Baroque Period (1600-1750A)- Baroque Art is a highly ornate and

extravagant style of art.
The term Baroque was derived from a Portuguese word meaning “a pearl
of irregular shape”. They make use of light and shadow to produce dramatic
effects. The paintings show figures in diagonal, twists, and zigzags. Baroque
sculpture depicted the beauty of art and
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa (1647-52)
stressed on the expression of emotion. By Bernini. Cornaro Chapel,
Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria.
A masterpiece of 17th Century
• Rococo (1700 – 1750 AD) Rococo art is
a graceful style in art.
• Oath of the Horatii
Rococo also referred to as “Late Baroque”, is an artistic movement that
developed in the early part of the 18th century in Paris. Rococo painting placed emphasis
voluptuousness and picturesque and intimate presentation of farm and country. The Rococo art
technique made use of soft pastel colors. Rendering the landscape smoking and hazy with the
subject always in the center of the canvas. Oath of the horatii
• Neo-Classicism (1750- 1830 AD) – It was considered the “highest
rank given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts,
literature, theatre, music, and architecture. It is a revival of the styles
and spirit of classic antiquity inspired directly from the classical period
in 18th and 19th centuries. Neo-classicism is characterized by order,
symmetry, and simplicity of style.
• Oath of the Horatii, is a large painting by the
Artist: Jacques-Louis David
French artist Jacques-Louis David painted in 1784 and now on display Dimensions: 3.26 m x 4.2 m
• in the Louvre in Paris. The painting immediately Location: Louvre, Paris
Genre: History painting
became a huge success with critics and the public, and remains one of Created: 1784
the best known paintings in the Neoclassical style. Medium: Oil paint
• Romanticism – began as a literary and philosophical movement.
The term comes from “romance”, a prose or poetic narrative favoring heroism that originated in
medieval times. In contrast to Neo-classicism, Romanticism favored wildness and expression,
individuality and unbridled creativity. It was full of raw emotions, ranging from longing and awe to
fear and horror, and an uprising against rationalism.
➢ Modernism in the 19th Century - the term Modernism applied retrospectively to the wide range of
experimental and avant-garde trends in the arts that emerged from the middle of the 19th century, as
artists rebelled against traditional Historicism, and later through 20 th century as the necessity of an
individual rejecting previous tradition, and by creating individual, original techniques.
• Impressionism – the movement away from art as imitation, or
representation, probably started in France with the work of the impressionists
in the 19th century. The artist is not just painting a representation, because
the artwork is giving a personal impression of what is see. The artist is not
trying to be a photographic realist.
Sunrise is a painting by Claude Monet first shown at what would become known as the "Exhibition of the
Impressionists" in Paris in April, 1874. The painting is credited with inspiring the name of the Impressionist
movement. Impression, Sunrise depicts the port of Le Havre, Monet's hometown.
• Post-Impressionism – it denotes the phase of modern art

wherein artists sought to progress beyond the narrow imitative style of
Impressionism. This title wasn’t a movement, but a group (Cezanne,
Van Gogh, Seurat, and Gauguin, primarily) who moved past
Impressionism and on to other, separate endeavors (Esaak). The Post-
impressionists often exhibited together, but, unlike the Impressionists,
they wanted to work alone.
Artist: Vincent van Gogh The Starry Night is an oil on canvas painting by Dutch Post-
Location: The Museum of Modern Art Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh. Painted in June 1889, it
Created: June 1889
Medium: Oil paint depicts the view from the east-facing window of his asylum room at
Genre: Landscape painting
Periods: Post-Impressionism, Modern art Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, just before sunrise, with the addition of an
idyllic village.
• Pointilism/ Neo-Impressionism – describes a technique of painting in which hundreds of

small dots or dashes of pure color are applied to the canvas or other ground in order to
create maximum luminosity. The term was first used to describe the paintings of Georges
Seurat and Paul Signac who developed the technique in 1896.
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

painted from 1884 to 1886, is Georges Seurat's most
famous work. It is a leading example of pointillist
technique, executed on a large canvas. Seurat's
composition includes a number of Parisians at a park on
the banks of the River Seine.
Artist: Georges Seurat
Dimensions: 2.08 m x 3.08 m
Subject: People relaxing at la Grande Jatte, Paris
Created: 1884–1886
Locations: The Art Institute of Chicago (1926–1958), The Art Institute of Chicago
Periods: Pointillism, Neo-Impressionism

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The Fine Art (17th-19th Century) and

Modernism in the 19th Century

• Baroque Period (1600-1750A)- Baroque Art is a highly ornate and

• Post-Impressionism – it denotes the phase of modern art

• Pointilism/ Neo-Impressionism – describes a technique of painting in which hundreds of

A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

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