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    Lassign's Test

    Uploaded by

    Dhruv.bhardwaj
    The document describes Lassaigne's test, a process to detect elements in organic compounds. Sodium is fused with the organic compound to form an extract. This extract is then tested for nitrogen, sulfur, halogens and other elements through reactions that produce characteristic colors or precipitates, indicating the presence of those elements in the original compound.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lassign's Test

    Uploaded by

    Dhruv.bhardwaj
    21 views7 pages
    The document describes Lassaigne's test, a process to detect elements in organic compounds. Sodium is fused with the organic compound to form an extract. This extract is then tested for nitrogen, sulfur, halogens and other elements through reactions that produce characteristic colors or precipitates, indicating the presence of those elements in the original compound.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document describes Lassaigne's test, a process to detect elements in organic compounds. Sodium is fused with the organic compound to form an extract. This extract is then tested for nitrogen, sulfur, halogens and other elements through reactions that produce characteristic colors or precipitates, indicating the presence of those elements in the original compound.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views7 pages

    Lassign's Test

    Uploaded by

    Dhruv.bhardwaj
    The document describes Lassaigne's test, a process to detect elements in organic compounds. Sodium is fused with the organic compound to form an extract. This extract is then tested for nitrogen, sulfur, halogens and other elements through reactions that produce characteristic colors or precipitates, indicating the presence of those elements in the original compound.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    (http://www.cdac.

    in/)

    (http://www.amrita.edu/create)

    you are here-> home (https://www.olabs.edu.in/)-> chemistry (?sub=73)-> class 11 (?sub=73&brch=7)-> detection of elements:
    lassaigne's test ()

    Detection of Elements: Lassaigne's Test


    Preparation of Sodium Fusion Extract (Lassaigne’s Extract)
    Materials Required

    Real Lab Procedure


    Take a small piece of dry sodium in a fusion tube.
    Heat the tube slightly on a Bunsen burner so that the sodium melts to a shining
    globule.
    Add a pinch of the organic compound.
    Heat it slowly to start with so that the compound reacts with sodium metal.
    Now heat the tube strongly till it becomes red hot.
    Plunge the red hot tube into a china dish containing distilled water.
    Crush the contents with a glass rod and heat to boiling point.
    Stop heating and remove the insoluble matter by filtration.
    The filtrate is called Lassaigne's Extract.

    Detection of Nitrogen
    Materials Required

    Real Lab Procedure


    Experiment Observation Inference
    To a small portion of the
    Lassaigne’s extract, add 2
    ml of freshly prepared Appearance Presence of
    ferrous sulphate solution of a prussian Nitrogen in
    and heat. Now add 2-3 blue the
    drops of ferric chloride coloration compound.
    solution and acidify with
    conc. hydrochloric acid .

    Detection of Sulphur
    Materials Required
    Real Lab Procedure
    Test Experiment Observation Inference
    To a small
    portion of
    Lassaigne's Presence of
    Sodium Appearance
    extract, add a sulphur in
    nitroprusside of a purple
    few drops of the
    Test colouration.
    sodium compound.
    nitroprusside
    solution.
    Acidify a small
    portion of
    Lassaigne's
    extract with a Presence of
    A black
    Lead acetate few drops of sulphur in
    precipitate
    Test acetic acid and the
    forms.
    add a few compound.
    drops of lead
    acetate
    solution.

    Detection of Halogens
    Materials Required
    Real Lab Procedure
    Test Experiment Observation Inference
    A white
    precipitate Presence of
    soluble in chlorine in
    ammonium the
    hydroxide compound.
    To a small
    forms.
    portion of
    Lassaigne's Pale yellow
    extract add 1 ml precipitate
    Silver of conc. nitric sparingly Presence of
    nitrate acid and boil for soluble in bromine in
    Test some time. Cool ammonium compound.
    the contents hydroxide
    and to it add forms.
    silver nitrate
    Yellow
    solution.
    precipitate
    Presence of
    insoluble in
    iodine in
    ammonium
    compound.
    hydroxide
    forms.

    Acidify a small Appearance


    portion of of orange
    Lassaigne's Presence of
    colour in the
    extracts with dil. bromine in
    carbon
    HCl and add a compound.
    disulphide
    Carbon few drops of layer.
    disulphide carbon
    Test disulphide. Now Appearance
    add freshly of violet
    Presence of
    prepared colour in the
    iodine in
    chlorine water carbon
    compound.
    and shake disulphide
    vigorously. layer.

    Simulator Procedure (as performed through the Online Labs


    (http://www.olabs.co.in/))
    Detection of Nitrogen
    You can select the unknown element from the ‘Select the unknown element’ drop
    down list.
    Select the identification test from the ‘Select the identification test’ drop down list.
    To pour ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) solution into the Lassaigne’s extract, drag the test
    tube towards it.
    Click on the knob of the burner to turn it on.
    Drag the test tube over the Bunsen burner to heat it.
    Drag the test tube to place it back.
    To pour conc. HCl into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s extract, drag the dropper
    towards the test tube.
    To pour ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s
    extract, drag the dropper towards the test tube.
    To see the inference, click on the inference icon.
    You can choose the correct answer from ‘Select the element’ drop down list.
    Click on the ‘Reset’ button to redo the experiment.

    Detection of Sulphur
    You can select the unknown element from the ‘Select the unknown element’ drop
    down list.
    You can select the identification test from the ‘Select the identification test’ drop down
    list.
    You can select the identification method from the ‘Select the method’ drop down list.

    a) Sodium nitroprusside test:


    Lassaigne’s extract is taken in a test tube.
    Drag the dropper towards the test tube to pour the sodium nitroprusside solution into
    it.
    To see the inference, click on the inference icon.
    You can choose the correct answer from ‘Select the element’ drop down list.
    Click on the ‘Reset’ button to redo the experiment.

    b) Lead acetate test:


    To pour acetic acid into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s extract, drag the test tube
    containing acetic acid towards it.
    To pour lead acetate solution into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s extract, drag
    the dropper towards the test tube.
    To see the inference, click on the inference icon.
    You can choose the correct answer from ‘Select the element’ drop down list.
    You can redo the experiment by clicking on the ‘Reset’ button.

    Detection of Chlorine
    Silver nitrate test
    You can select the unknown element from the ‘Select the unknown element’ drop
    down list.
    You can select the identification test from the ‘Select the identification test’ drop down
    list.
    To pour conc. HNO3 into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s extract, drag the test
    tube towards it.
    Click on the knob of the burner to turn it on.
    Drag the test tube over the Bunsen burner to heat it.
    Once done, drag the test tube to place it back.
    To pour silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s
    extract, drag the dropper towards the test tube.
    To pour ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) solution into the test tube containing
    Lassaigne’s extract, drag the dropper towards the test tube.
    To see the inference, click on the inference icon.
    You can choose the correct answer from ‘Select the element’ drop down list.
    You can click on the ‘Reset’ button to redo the experiment.
    Detection of Bromine and Iodine
    You can select the unknown element from ‘Select the unknown element’ drop down
    list.
    You can select the identification test from ‘Select the identification test’ drop down list.
    You can select the identification method from ‘Select the method’ drop down list.

    a) Silver nitrate test:


    To pour conc. HNO3 into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s extract, drag the test
    tube towards it.
    Click on the knob of the burner to turn it on.
    Drag the test tube over the Bunsen burner to heat it.
    Drag the test tube to place it back.
    To pour silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s
    extract, drag the dropper towards the test tube.
    To pour ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) solution into the test tube containing
    Lassaigne’s extract, drag the dropper towards the test tube.
    To see the inference, click on the inference icon.
    You can choose the correct answer from ‘Select the element’ drop down list.
    You can click on the ‘Reset’ button to redo the experiment.

    b) Carbon disulphide test:


    To pour dil. HCl into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s extract , drag the dropper
    towards the test tube.
    To pour Carbon disulphide into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s extract , drag the
    dropper towards the test tube.
    To pour chlorine water into the test tube containing Lassaigne’s extract, drag the test
    tube towards it.
    Drag the test tube to take it from the test tube stand and to shake it well.
    To see the inference, click on the inference icon.
    You can choose the correct answer from ‘Select the element’ drop down list.
    You can click on the ‘Reset’ button to redo the experiment.

    Note: Click on the ‘HELP’ button to see the instructions.

    Precautions:
    Sodium metal is highly reactive. When exposed to air, it reacts even with the moisture
    present in the atmosphere. It also reacts with the sweat of hands. Hence do not hold it
    with hands. Always use forceps while handling sodium.
    Before using sodium, press it within the folds of the filter paper to remove kerosene
    oil.
    Use dry ignition tubes for sodium fusion. Sodium reacts with water violently.
    Put the unused sodium piece back in the bottle containing kerosene oil. Do not throw
    it into the sink.
    Repeat the process of sodium fusion with three ignition tubes. This is to ensure that
    the fusion has taken place.
    After immersing the red hot ignition tube in water, break it with a glass rod gently. Boil
    the contents for 2-3 minutes so as to extract the soluble sodium salts in water.
    Developed by Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (https://www.amrita.edu/create) & CDAC Mumbai.
    (http://www.cdac.in/) Funded by MeitY (Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology)

    English हिंदी മലയാളം मराठी

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