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    The document discusses the key concepts of communication including the nature, elements, process, models, verbal and non-verbal aspects, functions, intercultural communication skills and its purpose. Communication is defined as a process of sharing messages between people using various channels. The elements of communication include the speaker, message, encoding, channel, decoding and receiver. Models of communication include Aristotle's one-way model, Shannon-Weaver one-way model, transaction and Schramm two-way models.

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    The document discusses the key concepts of communication including the nature, elements, process, models, verbal and non-verbal aspects, functions, intercultural communication skills and its purpose. Communication is defined as a process of sharing messages between people using various channels. The elements of communication include the speaker, message, encoding, channel, decoding and receiver. Models of communication include Aristotle's one-way model, Shannon-Weaver one-way model, transaction and Schramm two-way models.

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    The document discusses the key concepts of communication including the nature, elements, process, models, verbal and non-verbal aspects, functions, intercultural communication skills and its purpose. Communication is defined as a process of sharing messages between people using various channels. The elements of communication include the speaker, message, encoding, channel, decoding and receiver. Models of communication include Aristotle's one-way model, Shannon-Weaver one-way model, transaction and Schramm two-way models.

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    12 views4 pages

    OralCom Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    inayeon797
    The document discusses the key concepts of communication including the nature, elements, process, models, verbal and non-verbal aspects, functions, intercultural communication skills and its purpose. Communication is defined as a process of sharing messages between people using various channels. The elements of communication include the speaker, message, encoding, channel, decoding and receiver. Models of communication include Aristotle's one-way model, Shannon-Weaver one-way model, transaction and Schramm two-way models.

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    of 4

    Communication - is a process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to

    another within and another channel, concept, media, and cultures. (Mc Cornack, 2014).

    Natures of Communication

    1) Communication is a process
    2) Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver)
    3) Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions (non-verbal, or both
    spoken words and non-verbal actions at the same time.

    Elements of Communication

    1. Speaker – source of the information or message.


    2. Message - The information, ideas, or thoughts, conveyed by the speaker.
    3. Encoding - process of converting the message.
    4. Channel - The medium or the means.
    5. Decoding - process of interpreting the encoded message.
    6. Receiver - The recipient of the message.
    7. Feedback - The reactions, responses or information.
    8. Context - The environment where communication takes place.
    9. Barrier - affect the flow of communication.

    Process of Communication

    i. The speaker generates an idea


    ii. The speaker encodes an idea or converts the idea into words or action
    iii. The speaker transmits or sends or out a message
    iv. The receiver gets the message
    v. The receiver decodes or interprets the message based on the context
    vi. The receiver sends or provides feedback

    Models of Communication

    1. Aristotle’s Model of Communication (one-way)

    (Message) → (Listener)

    Speaker → Speech → Audience


     Most important is the setting!!!

    2. Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication (one-way)


    Information Source → Transmitter → Channel → Receiver → Destination

    (Message) (Signal) ↑ (Received Signal) (Message)

    (Noise Source)

     Most Important is the Noise!!!

    3. Transaction Model of Communication (two-way)

    Sends Noise Noise Sends

    Responds Feedback Feedback Responds

    And ------------- ←→ Message ←→ ------------ And

    Decodes Channel Channel Decodes

    Receive Noise Noise Receive

     The receiver can also be the sender and the sender can also be the receiver!!!

    4. Schramm Model of Communication (two-way)

    Field of experience Field of experience - Father of Mass Communication!!!

    Sender Encoder → Signal → Decoder Receiver - Communication won’t last!!!

    ↑ ↑ ↓

    ← (Noise Feedback) ←

    5. Eugene White Model of Communication (two-way)


     Thinking Transmitting Feedback
     Symbolizing Receiving Monitoring
     Expressing Decoding

    7 C’s of effective communication Barriers to communication


     Completeness 1. Emotional barrier
     Conciseness 2. Use of jargons
     Consideration 3. Lack of confidence
     Concreteness 4. Noisy environment
     Courtesy
     Clearness
     Correctness

    Verbal and Non-verbal Communication

    Verbal communication - Refers to an interaction in which words are used to relay a message.

    1) Appropriateness – The language you use should be appropriate to the environment.


    2) Brevity – Use simple yet precise and powerful words to be more credible.
    3) Clarity - Clearly state the message and express your ideas and feelings.
    4) Ethics - Words should be carefully chosen in consideration of the gender, roles,
    ethnicity, preference, and status of the person or people you are talking to.
    5) Vividness - Charm your audience through the use of vivid words.

    Non-verbal communication - Refers to an interaction where behavior is used to convey and represent
    meanings.

    Functions of Communication - Refers to how people use language in different purposes.

    Five functions of communication

    1. Control - To control the behavior.


    2. Social interaction - Allows the individual to interact with others.
    3. Motivation – Motivates or encourages to live better.
    4. Emotional expression - Facilitates with people’s expression or their feelings
    5. Information dissemination - To convey information.

    Definition of Intercultural Communication - Refers to the effective communication between people,


    worker, client of different cultural background it also includes non-verbal communication.

    4 Types of Intercultural Skills

    1. Personal character like communication ability is not limited to the recipient, situation, and
    time.
    2. Communication skills suitable to situation independent of the receiver or receivers.
    3. Communication based on the audience single or many receivers.
    4. Communication with a receiver about a specific topic while being constrained by time.

    Purpose of Intercultural Communication


    1. Sharing information or thoughts, ideas is necessary.
    2. We make others aware of our presence and participate in any society.
    3. Thus, avoiding separations from society fulfilling he/she achieve or aim.

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