HEALTH OPTIMIZING PHYSICAL

EDUCATION 2
(UNDERSTANDING TOURNAMENTS AND
LEAGUES)

HANDOUT

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 LESSON 1: TYPE OF TOURNAMENT USED
IN SPORTS COMPETITION
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
a) Identify the different types of elimination used in sports competition;
b) Understand how to apply ramification in the different teams of competition;
c) Recognize the importance of learning what type of elimination to be use in a competition.

COMPETITION IN SPORTS
Competition is often described as a contest, or a process of contesting, between two or more parties
(organisms, individuals, or groups) for a scarce resource or good. The scarcity can result from nature or
history, such as competition for limited food, or it can be created artificially, such as the good of winning a
game. As the term is most often used, competition is the opposite of cooperation. Since competition is a
central dynamic in most if not all sports, competition is of keen interest to sport scientists. In this entry, various
forms of competition are described, the social science research on competition is reviewed, and theory
and research on competitiveness is summarized.
What Is Competition?
Competition comes in many forms and is relevant to many fields of study. Economic, political, biological,
evolutionary, and sport competition, for example, each have unique characteristics, along with some
commonalities. Competition occurs between and among nonhuman organisms, individuals, teams,
organizations, cultures, and nations, to name only some of the most obvious. Competition can be direct or
indirect, subtle or intense, formal or informal. It can be zero sum, resulting in winners and losers, or allow
for many variations of outcome distributions.
What Is Competitiveness?
When people compete, they strive to obtain a limited goal and to compare favorably to others similarly striving.
In sports, the contest-specific goal, of course, is to win. The amount of preparation, focus,
determination, and energy that a person puts into striving to win is often referred to as their competitiveness.
Competitive people have a strong desire to achieve and succeed, thereby demonstrating their competency to
themselves and others. There are two main instruments that have been developed to measure
competitiveness in sport.
Robin Vealey used achievement-goal theory to help her define and operationalize competitiveness.
Correspondingly, competitiveness can take two different forms, depending on what goal the athlete is
trying to achieve. Athletes can be outcome oriented (winning) or performance oriented (performing
masterfully) or both. When Vealey developed the Competitive Orientation Inventory (COI), she placed the
two orientations in opposition. The format of the instrument consists of a 16-cell matrix in which four
levels of performance (very good, above average, below average, and very poor) are intersected with four
outcomes (an easy win, a close win, a close loss, and a big loss). For each of the resultant 16 cells, the athlete
indicates their level of satisfaction. Those athletes who indicate high satisfaction when they win, irrespective
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of how well they played, score high on outcome oriented competitiveness; in contrast, those who are most
satisfied with playing well score high on performance-oriented competitiveness.

TYPES OF TOURNAMENT
Seed
It is a competitor or team in a sport or other tournament who is given a preliminary ranking for the purposes of
the draw. Players/teams are "planted" into the bracket in a manner that is typically intended so that the best do
not meet until later in the competition. The term was first used in tennis, and is based on the idea of laying out a
tournament ladder by arranging slips of paper with the names of players on them the way seeds or seedlings are
arranged in a garden: smaller plants up front, larger ones behind.
When Byes are Needed
Any time a single elimination or double elimination tournament is not a "Power of 2", or for those that are not
mathematicians, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, or 256 players/teams, byes must be awarded. A bye simply means that a
team does not have to participate in the first round of the tournament, but instead gets a free pass to the second
round.
Bye Rounds
Byes are always awarded in just the first round of the tournament. To figure out the number of byes in each
tournament you simply subtract the number of teams in the tournament from one of the numbers above. You
will use the next number in the list that is higher than the number of teams.
Examples:
•3 Teams = 4 minus 3(1 bye)
•5 Teams = 8 minus 5(3 byes)
•9 Teams = 16 minus 9(7 byes)
•20 Teams = 32 minus 20(12 byes)

Single Elimination
The greatest appeal of the single-elimination tournament is its simplicity. Losers are eliminated, and winners
advance to the next round until only one contestant remains—the tournament champion. The single-elimination
tourney is valuable when the number of entries is large, time is short, and the number of locations is limited. Of
all the tournaments, this one requires the fewest games (or matches); however, half the participants are
eliminated after one game, and only a quarter of the participants remain after the second round. When more
extensive participation is important and more locations and time are available, a single-elimination tournament
is probably not your best choice. Yes, a single-elimination format is the simplest, but the other tournaments
described in this manual are also easy to organize, so the simplicity of single elimination is not a significant
factor in its favor.
A type of elimination determines the winner by eliminating the loser in every match until there is one team left.
The easiest and fastest way to declare a winner.
Best Use:
• When the number of entries is large.

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 • When the time is short.
• When the number of playing venue is limited.

Formula: where: G --number of games N --number of entries G= N-1

Formula for BYE: Where: P --least power of 2 higher than N number of entries (2, 4, 8, 16, 32)

Example 1:
N (4) = number of entry teams
G (3) = number of games

Example 2:
N(5) = number of entry teams
G(4) = number of games
BYE = 8-5
BYE = 3 (number of byes)

Double-Elimination Tournament

A type of elimination tournament competition in which a participant ceases to be eligible to win the
tournament’s championship upon having lost two games or matches. It stands in contrast to a single-elimination
tournament, in which only one defeat results in elimination.

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One method of arranging a double- elimination tournament is to break the competitors into two sets of brackets,
the Winners Bracket and Losers Bracket or construct a single elimination tournament with appropriate # of
slots.
Purpose: All contestants remain in championship contention until they lose two games Advantages:
•A player or team must be beaten twice to be eliminated
•It selects a more adequate winner
•It maintains player motivation right up until the end Disadvantages
•It takes longer to run
•It emphasizes elimination

Formula: where: G --number of games N --number of entries G= N-2

Formula: Min # of games: (N-1) 2
Max # of games: 2(N-1) + 1

Example for Double Elimination 1:

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Example for Double Elimination 2:

Round Robin Tournament

Round robin tournament brackets are draw formats in which each competitor plays against everyone within
their division category in a separate heads-up matches. Round robin tournament brackets list matches played by
round. This by round display is generally used for tournaments, and the round robin schedule is used for leagues
and seasons.

Normally teams are seeded in a way where the better skilled competitors match up against the weaker ones in
early rounds, and the top teams meet up in the finals. Some events use a points system to determine the winner
of round robin tournament brackets. Winning a game, match, or scoring a point can have a point value assigned
to it and the highest point earns are awarded the highest places in the division.

In a round robin tournament bracket, normally when there is a 2-way tie, the winner of the game where the 2
tied competitors played against each other is awarded the higher final standing. When 3 or more are tied within
the division, it goes to games won minus games lost. In sports where several games are in a match, winning in a
smaller amount of games as opposed to having to go to a tiebreaker awards the player winning quicker the
higher standing. When it is still tied, it usually goes by total points scored minus total points scored against.

Round Robin scheduling: Odd number of teams.

Let N = number of teams in the tournament. There will be N rounds (since each team will play every other team
once, and will be idle for exactly one round).
Let us work out the schedule for 7 teams, numbering the teams from 1 to 7
FORMULA:
G=N(N-1) N= number of teams
2 G= number of games
=7(7-1)
2
= 21 (GAMES)

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Example 1:

Round Robin scheduling: Even number of teams.

Let N = number of teams in the tournament. There will be N -1 rounds (each team will play N-1 games). Since
each team will play every other team once, no team will be idle during any of the rounds.
FORMULA:
G=N(N-1) N= number of teams
2 G= number of games
=12(12-1)
2
= 21 (GAMES)

Example 2:

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 ACTIVITY 1: THE TRUTH PREVAILS WHEN UNDERSTANDING APPLIES.
I. TRUE OR FALSE: Understand the statement carefully. Write capital letter T if the statement is correct and capital
letter F if it is stated in improper manner.
___1. Seed is a competitor or team in a sport or other tournament who is given a preliminary ranking.
___2. Double elimination tournament brackets are draw formats in which each competitor plays against everyone.
___3. In a round robin, when it is still tied, it usually goes by total points scored minus total points scored against.
___4. Best method of arranging a double- elimination tournament is to break the competitors into 3 sets of brackets.
___5. A player or team in a double elimination tournament must be beaten twice to be eliminated in the tournament.
___6. In a round robin tournament with 32 entry teams, the expected number of games is 497.
___7. In the tournament using round robin with 17 entry teams, the bye team in game 9 is the entry team number 14.
___8. Robin Hood used achievement-goal theory to help her define and operationalize competitiveness.
___9. The single-elimination tourney is valuable when the number of entries is large and the allotted time is short.
___10. The term tourney was first used in tennis, and is based on the idea of laying out a tournament ladder.

II.

1. If you were a sports manager, when will you use the round robin type of tournament? Explain why?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________.

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 2. What are the advantages of using round robin tournament compared with double elimination in a
competition? Enumerate at least five.
a.__________________________________________________________________________________________
b._________________________________________________________________________________________
c._________________________________________________________________________________________
d._________________________________________________________________________________________
e._________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the formula used to determine the number of games for a round robin type of tournament with
11 entry teams. Show your solution

Note: To be submitted in the fifth week of the first quarter scheduled tentatively April 19-22,2021

LESSON 2: SPORTS OFFICIATING

Sports Officiating
Sports officiating is a system of managing a sports, specifically on implementing the game rules and keeping
order in the duration of the game.
The supervision of sports competitions in accordance with established rules. The quality of sports officiating
depends on the official’s knowledge of the rules of the sport, on his ability to apply the rules while observing
the requirements of sportsmanship, including unbiased judgment and accuracy, and on his experience as an
official. Sports officiating should have educational value for athletes and spectators alike. Sports officiating is
not a profession.
Officiating is an activity that serves to manage interactions (opposition, or even conflict) between adversaries
and this activity mobilizes evaluation, decision-making and communication processes between participants with
diverging plans and interests. The consistency of divergence of the social representations of the various
participants of the sporting event in relation to officiating is one of the factors determining the smooth running
of a sporting event.

Qualities of an Officiating Official

The role of an official is very crucial in a sporting endeavor. He defines the success or failure of a certain
physical activity. It is therefore necessary for an aspiring officiating official to possess a number of qualities for
him to meet the goal of having a satisfying, complain-free, impartial, and successful game. The following are
some of the qualities to be considered:

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 • Physical Qualities
• Emotional Qualities
• Mental Qualities
• Social Qualities

1.PHYSICAL QUALITIES
These qualities refer to the physical attributes of an officiating official. Since an officiating official needs to
catch up with every detail of what the athletes or players do on court, he needs to have a high level of fitness to
be able to perform his job. To determine his level of fitness he or she has to consider the following:
Physical Fitness
As has been defined in preceding modules in Physical Education, physical fitness is the capacity of an
individual to perform his or her daily tasks without undue fatigue and still has extra energy for recreation and
emergencies. Physical fitness is not achieved overnight. One must work on with elevating his own level of
fitness if he or she has to perform better in his chosen field of endeavor.
2.EMOTIONAL QUALITIES
These qualities refer to the emotional readiness of an officiating official to perform his or her role in a game. He
or she might have mastered all the rules and possesses a high level of fitness but if the emotional attributes don’t
warrant him or her to perform the duties and responsibilities of an officiating official, failure is expected.
Emotional attributes that an officiating official should possess include confidence. It is having belief in oneself.
Confidence can be situation-specific, but practicing it through actual game immersions and observations of
game officiating activities can help improve it.
3.MENTAL QUALITIES
Just as physical and emotional qualities are essential, mental characteristics are also equally necessary. Mental
toughness is the term used to refer to all of the qualities pertaining to one’s mental preparations in officiating a
game. To be mentally tough requires one to stay focused, regulate one’s performance, ability to handle pressure,
awareness and control of thoughts and feelings and one’s command and control of the environment. This can be
achieved by having a thorough knowledge on the rules of the game, alertness, vigilance which result to timely,
decisive, honest and impartial judgment. Decisiveness results to integrity of the result of the game leading to a
satisfying result and acceptance of success and failure for both competition teams and players.
4.SOCIAL QUALITIES
Social qualities refer to the ability to deal with others at any given situation. Complaints are inevitable in a
game. It is the ability of an officiating official to settle disputes without sacrificing the integrity of a game and
the officiating team. To develop such qualities requires practice just as the emotional qualities do. Surrounding
oneself with people who make wise decisions especially in officiating endeavors might help one improve his or
her decision-making skills.
A.Ethics and Guidelines
When we register as officials, and volunteer to work at events, we agree to uphold these values, and follow the
related guidelines listed in each section.
B.Be a Benefit and Cause No Harm
A primary value of officiating is to provide a benefit to those with whom one interacts in the competition area
(athletes, coaches, spectators, volunteers, and other officials). A related value is to do no harm.

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C.Be Accurate and Responsible
These values mean that officials should strive for accuracy and consistency in their officiating actions, as well
being dependable and trustworthy in their work as officials. The latter implies that officials should accept the
responsibility for their errors that may affect competitions, and work to increase or sustain others’ (athletes,
coaches, spectators, other officials) trust.
D. Be supportive of other participants and loyal to your Sport Organizations.
Officials should exhibit loyalty and politeness towards BC Athletics, Athletics Canada, and other organizations
to which the official belongs or is representing in the context of a competition. They should extend such loyalty
and politeness to individuals involved in athletics at all levels.
E. Act with Integrity
Integrity refers to firm adherence to an ethical code as well as to the absence of impairment or disability. This
implies that officials will (a) not allow their judgment to be adversely influenced by personal loyalties or
personal gain, (b) will adhere whenever possible to the specifics of this ethical code, and (c) will avoid
officiating when their mental or physical competence may be impaired (e.g., through physical illness, emotional
distress, or some other personal limitation).

F. Act with Fairness

Fairness refers to performing one’s duties in an unbiased manner. This implies that officials will act in a
manner that does not create advantage or disadvantage to any athlete or club.
5. INTEGRITY
A great sports official is the last guardian of honesty in athletics. He must maintain a complete absence of bias.
We can read almost daily of coaches, players and boosters engaging in illegal activities. Referees and umpires
are rarely accused of any kind of dishonest or deceitful conduct. An official holds a position in the world of
sports not unlike a judge in a court of law. If you aspire to be a great official, you must never put yourself in a
position where your integrity could be questioned.

6. HUSTLE
Since officiating is a game of angles and positioning, officiating hustle describes movement and court position.
There is no connection to speed and meaningless motion. Every great official moves efficiently to be in the
right place at the right time. Hustle is the only way to see the entire play and make the correct call.

7. JUDGMENT
Great judgement is a by - product of effort and experience. It goes beyond the rule book and includes an almost
instinctive ability to apply the critical principal of the advantage or disadvantage. When you see a play, in
virtual and early circumstance, if there is no advantage gained and if no player has been put at a advantage there
should be no call. Simply put no harm, no foul.
8. COMMUNICATION
Basically, communication means, "Can you deal with people?" Can you deal with coaches and players during
the game? Communication can be accomplished in many ways and in most cases the situation will dictate your
appropriate response. Sometimes a simple response to the question, a one word answer or a look can
communicate what is needed at a particular time. Saying the right thing to the right person at the right time can
help one avoid potential problems in a game. Communication is also the knowledge of when it’s best not to say
anything.

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9. CONSISTENCY
Young officials have more difficulty with consistency than any other quality, mainly because they lack the
experience to realize when their decisions are inconsistent. Everyone has some difficulty in this regard, but the
great officials are unrelenting in their judgment. They see and call a game better than their colleagues. The key
is to make the same call on the same kind of play whether it’s the first minute of the game or the score is tied
with one minute left to play. If they believe an official is consistent, coaches and players will adjust
accordingly. Inconsistent decisions on similar plays trigger negative behavior and poor sportsmanship among
players, and invite criticism from coaches.

10. COURAGE
Regardless of the situation, personalities involved, pressures from the crowd or possible repercussions, great
officials place fairness above all other concerns. They act courageously and according to the dictates of that
value

11. COMMON SENSE

It saved the best for last. Of the qualities discussed, common sense is the most important. That which is fair and
right must take precedence throughout each game. Common sense ensures that fairness, understanding, and the
best interests of the game are foremost in the mind of a great official. If you truly understand the spirit and
intent of the rules, common sense will guide you well.

ACTIVITY 2: DESCRIBE ME
I.IDENTIFICATION. Understand each statement and provide the necessary details in order for you to
complete the idea.
______________1.It refer to the ability of an officiating official to deal with others at any given situation.
______________2. Is the term used to refer the qualities of an officiating official pertaining to one’s mental
preparations in officiating a game.
______________3. The capacity of an individual to perform his or her daily tasks without undue fatigue and
still has extra energy for recreation and emergencies.
______________4. A system of managing a sports, specifically on implementing the game rules and keeping
order in the duration of the game.
______________5. ___________ implies that officials will act in a manner that does not create advantage or
disadvantage to any athlete or club
______________6. Is an activity that serves to manage interactions (opposition, or even conflict) between
adversaries and this activity mobilizes evaluation, decision-making.
______________7. ___________ is the only way to see the entire play and make the correct call.
______________8. A quality of an officiating official that ensures that fairness, understanding, and the best
interests of the game are foremost in the mind of a great official.
_____________9. It is a silent skill also the knowledge of when it’s best not to say anything.
_____________10. Referees and umpires must maintain a complete absence of bias to maintain good quality.

II.ELABORATION. Given the different qualities of an officiating official, kindly cite an example or situation
on each qualities and identify what type of sport it is for you to have a bright idea how important officiating
official is.
Ex. Physical Qualities:Basketball – As an officiating official we need to be physically fit in order to perform
better during the game to have a quality and good result.

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 1. Physical Qualities
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________.
2. Emotional Qualities
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________.
3. Mental Qualities
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________.
4. Social Qualities
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________.
Note: To be submitted in the fifth week of the first quarter scheduled tentatively April 19-22,2021

LESSON 3: CHALLENGES IN SPORTS OFFICIATING

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:
a. Understand the different challenges in sports officiating
b. Identify skills in sports officiating
c. Apply the code of ethics in officiating sports activities

What Skills do Officiating Officials need?

Communication skills
Good communication and people skills are an advantage in sports officiating. With the self - confidence it helps
an official to be firm in dealing with anyone in the playing venue. An affinity with or love for the sport is a
distinct advantage, and the ability to take on large amounts of information, to build up a thorough understanding
of the rules of the game can contribute to excellent communication skills.
Decision-making skills
Decision-making skills plays an important role during the officiating proper. This skill requires enough
knowledge on the rules and regulations of the sport. It is a great advantage of an officiating official when he/she
has been coaching or an athlete in the past. Poor decision-making skills destroys the success of the competition.
Decision making skills in officiating can be improved when team officiating and game post conferences are
observed regularly.

Challenges in Sports Officiating

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Sports Officiating help makes the game challenging and exciting as it challenges the physical, cognitive and
social development.

Physical Development
1. Demonstrate the ability to make appropriate calls and judgments.
2. Execute calls in a timely manner.
3. Demonstrate the personal aspects of officiating. Examples: overall game management and human
relationship skills such as interactive management with players, coaches, administrators, and spectators
5. Discuss requirements needed to become an official as well as what makes a quality official.
6. Apply the practices gained from observing a registered official. Examples: techniques of game management,
teamwork with other officials, positioning.
7. Apply the practices gained from assisting, working, or participating in an event or activity.
Social Development
1. Apply knowledge to become a more informed spectator of sporting events.
2. Display self-confidence and professionalism when officiating before, during, and after the contest.
3. Demonstrate the ability to work in partnership with fellow officials in sporting contests. Example: officiate
primary area of responsibilities while being prepared to support fellow officials in conflict situations, recognize
security issues, alternate travel responsibilities in order to balance overall travel expenses.

Cognitive Development
1. Identify the primary responsibilities of each official.
2. Identify and describe signals used to indicate calls by officials.
3. Exhibit an understanding of rules, interpretations, and mechanical techniques of officiating.

Officiating Officials Code of Ethics

Every member of the officiating profession carries a responsibility to act in a manner of becoming a
professional person. The conduct of any official influences the attitude of the public toward the profession in
general as well as toward the official in particular. The purpose of the Code is to establish guidelines for ethical
standards of conduct for all officiating officials:
1. An official must devote time, thought and study to the rules of the game and the mechanics necessary to carry
out these rules so that one may render effective and creditable service in a fair and unbiased manner.
2. An official must work with fellow officials and in a spirit of harmony and cooperation in spite of differences
of opinion that may arise during debate of points or rules at issue.
3. An official must resist every temptation and outside pressure to use one's position as an official to benefit
oneself. Under all circumstances, officials must avoid promoting the special interest of any person or group of
persons other than the athletes we serve.
4. An official must constantly uphold the honor and dignity of the avocation in all personal conduct and
relations with the student athletes, coaches, athletic directors, school administrators, colleagues and the public to
be a worthy example to the athletes under one's jurisdiction.
5. An official will be prepared both physically and mentally dress according to expectations and maintain a
proper appearance that is befitting the importance of the contest.
6. An official must wear standard attire when officiating officials. This is for identity and to earn the respect of
the athletes and the spectators. Uniform should meet the standard of the sport and does not match to the color of
the uniform of any of the teams to officiate.

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7. An official must remember and recognize the importance of honoring contracts regardless of possible
inconvenience or financial loss.

Competition Environment and Conflict Management

Competition Environment Management
Thus a system of sports competitions consists of the rules which decide who plays against whom, in what
sequence and where, as well as the criteria that decide the teams places in the final ranking list. Sorting sports
teams differs from standard sorting problems, due to the fact that the result of comparing two teams is
sometimes incorrect. It does happen that a team with a greater ability to win gets defeated by a team whose
winning potential is undoubtedly lower.
When lack of man power, officiating officials need to prepare the facilities and ensure the preparedness of the
competition. Lighting, ventilations, sounds and other materials should have been ready early. This is to target
the success of the competition and minimize problems that might arise during the game proper.

Conflict Management
Conflict involves a minimum of two individuals or teams to disagreements or friction involving verbal or
nonverbal actions and emotions. This can occur between members of opposing groups or members within a
group.
In light of the pervasiveness of groups across diverse life contexts, it is perhaps unsurprising that individuals are
constantly placed in situations where collaboration and competition, either within or between groups, is
necessary; and where interactions are inevitable, so too, is conflict. Sport represents one prominent social
context in which conflict is particularly evident. Such intragroup conflict can develop from interaction between
team mates as well as those that occur between the coach and the athletes.
The officiating officials should have to prepare solutions to handle possible conflicts. If conflicts are not
handled well, the overall rating of a tournament will be affected. To help organizers and sports officiating
officials on the problems of conflict, they must include on their tournament guidelines so participants are
informed and follow.

Strategies for Preventing and Resolving Conflict

The prevention and resolution of these debilitative intragroup dynamics becomes increasingly important for
optimal group functioning. However, because conflict can arise for many different reasons and in many
different situations, there is no one best established method to alleviate such conflict.
Nevertheless, when conflict does arise and is allowed to go unresolved, it has the potential to intensify and
cause problems for the team at important times during the season. Identification and intervention at an early
stage are important for two reasons.
First, emotions are not as intense at an early stage and resolution is easier than if the conflict is allowed to
fester. Second, and based benefits relating to conflict resolved early, there is potential for the added advantage
of different viewpoints and strategies to be voiced that could eventually result in improved group functioning.

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To summarize, conflict is inevitable in sport. Based on the extant literature, conflict can be resolved and the
negative outcomes can be minimized if handled properly. In addition, the resolution of task conflict in certain
instances can lead
to positive outcomes such as increased teammate understanding and cooperation and, subsequently, group
functioning. In order for this to occur, conflict should be handled at an early stage and ideally in a collaborative
manner

ACTIVITY 3. FILL ME UP

I.ESSAY.Explain the given context in order to expand your understanding with the topic on the code of ethics
1. Why do you practice principles of officiating in managing games? 5 pts.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Give one reason on how code of ethics works in sports officiating? 5 pts.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________.
3.How can you practice the principles and code of ethics in officiating in order to maintain a positive self-image
in the group contest? 5 pts
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________.
II. ENUMERATION. In a real life situation of sports competition here in Benguet province, list at least ten
code of ethics should an officiating official must possess and explain why you choose that ethics.
Ex. Value time: the officiating officials must always be early on the venue to properly manage the event in

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 order avoid delay and game adjustments.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

LESSON 4: ORGANIZING FITNESS EVENT

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
a. Organize fitness program in order to maintain healthy life style;
b. Analyze the different guidelines in coming up with fitness program
c. Appreciate the importance of fitness program in daily life.

Guidelines in Planning Fitness Program

Set goals and objectives of the fitness program
Setting goals and establishing measurable objectives is a key first step in achieving diversity outcomes. In
general, a goal should be a broad, narrative, and visionary expression of the athletics program’s diversity
commitment while objectives are specific, measurable and may include a timeframe for achievement.
The fitness program should be SMARTER in order to maximize the purpose of the program.
S – SPECIFIC : In organizing fitness event it should have a direct objective and answer the What, Why, Who,
When, Where and How questions for you to have specific directions and outcome.
M – MEASURABLE: The goal should be measurable in a given time and date of implementation.
A – ATTAINABLE: Implementing fitness event should not to be hard and too easy
R – REALISTIC: The program should be achievable given all the resources, date and time duration.
T - TIME : Goals must be timely, helpful, and attainable in a period.
E – EXCITING : The program should be motivational and encouraging in order to move changes
R – RECORDED : Evaluate the workout you have done, its regularity, moderation, time is given, and the

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 progress made with the type of training.

Identifying the audience or target participants.

Within the community or school where you want to conduct your activity. It is necessary that you identify who
will be joining your event or program, especially when it comes to physical activity. This may help you in
designing the list of the activities you may conduct, as well as its specific intensity level. Important reminders:
For teens and adults, at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity is recommended, while children from
6-8 years old, only a moderate physical activity should be performed.
Select Appropriate Venue and Reasonable Date and Time
When researching or looking for a good venue, it is also good that you consider your number of participants, the
activities to be conducted, and the intensity of the activity.
While it’s important to understand the essential elements of a successful event, it’s imperative that some details
are still addressed- specifically event date, time, and location. And that comes from a simple reason. Some
periods of the year are more crowded than others. If you are considering organizing your event during spring
time, make sure you check the availability with your event manager before you send the invitations. When it
comes to choosing a date and time, most organizations make decisions based on venue availability, travel time,
length of the presentation, and holidays. Many industries experience seasonal trends in business.
Secure for Budget Allocation
In order to execute the fitness program the organizer should enumerate also the materials and equipment needed
whether for borrowing, repair, or there is a need to purchase new materials for the event.
Balancing a budget is a detailed, time-intensive task. Whether the responsibility falls to a director, financial
planner, accountant or even a coach, overseeing the budget is foremost among sports administrators’
responsibilities.
Apply for Permits and Approval
Permits and approvals for the venue and other permits are needed as well. If you have participants who are
minor of age, parents permit, or approval form is needed. Moreover, if the fitness activity or event will require
vigorous activities, it is also advisable that the participants who will be joining have medical clearance.
Contingency Planning for Fitness Program
This plan is also called as the second option or plan B. If the first plan will not be successful or if there may be
circumstances that may happen. This contingency plan will be the next best plan which will be used as an
intervention in order to pursue the fitness program which has been plotted.
Enumerate the possible risks.
A list of possible injuries that may occur during the event should be included. The medical team should also
secure the completeness of their medical kits.
Event Promotion
Nowadays, the use of social media is one of the fastest and cheapest ways to promote events. Promotions should
be creative and encouraging to the audience.
The social media tools have impacted the sports from many different ways, such as communications and sports
marketing. Obviously, social media is one of the most important tools for sports, the fans and the athletes. First

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of all, as we know, the population of social media users has increased dramatically over the past years. People
can engage in the sports, follow their favorite athletes and teams, and get the most updated sports contents
instantaneously.
Evaluating your Fitness Program
This SWOT analysis may help you to understand the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of your
event. This may be used in evaluating your event plan.
Sports are full of stories of successes and failures; that is how athletes progress. Their failures lead them to
future successes, and this is where feedback comes into play. Feedback is essential in all aspects of life.
Everyone who has been involved with sports understands the important lessons that come along with trainings,
practices and games.
Finalizing the fitness event plan.
Create a table which may help you plot the final plan for your fitness program. Be specific and direct to the
point when creating it. Have a separate sheet for financial allocation and materials needed.

ACTIVITY 4: DRAW ME IN
I.Fill in the blank column in order to complete the details following the different guidelines in implementing
sports program.
TITLE OF THE PROGRAM:
OBJECTIVES: A.
B.
C.
PARTICIPANTS:
DATE AND TIME:
BUDGET
ALLOCATION
PERMITS AND
APPROVAL:
EVENT PROMOTION:
EVALUATION:
FINALIZATION:

II. ESSAY. Explain the given statement in order to have a better concept of the topic.

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 1. How important to have your contingency plan in developing your sports program?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.
2. Is there a possibility as a manager or organizer of a sport program in asking for volunteer? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.
3. Why do we need to ask for permits and approval before we proceed with the implementation?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.

ACTIVITY TO BE DONE
For Week 1 : Finish Activity 1 and Activity 2
For Week 2: Finish Activity 3
For Week 3: Finish Activity 4

Put your activity in a 1 whole pad paper with correct label.

EVERY ACTIVITY SHWOULD BE SUBMITTED DURING YOUR PHYSICAL EDUCATION SUBJECT

LATE OUTPUT WILL NOT BE RECORDED.

SECTION B: SUBMIT YOUR OUTPUT TO MS. DULAY

SECTION C: SUBMIT YOUR OUTPUT TO MS. PALAYAO
SECTION D: SUBMIT IT TO MS ECKMAN
SECTION F: SUBMIT IT TO MS BAHOD
SECTION I: SUBMIT TO MS. LUIS

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SECTION J: SUBMIT IT TO MS BALANG
SECTION K: SUBMIT TO MS. DULAGAN

If your graduation song is ready, you can use your PE class to practice it already including the National Anthem
and TSHI hymn if it is included in your graduation proper. Thank you so much

Prepared by:
JOHNERGIE M JUAN

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