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APPM 211 Week 4, Lesson4-Part 2 Slides

The document discusses relative motion of two particles using translating reference frames. It defines key terms like relative position, velocity and acceleration vectors and derives equations relating absolute and relative motion. It provides examples of applying the concepts to solve problems involving objects like cars moving in different paths.

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ruanhattingh037
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27 views

APPM 211 Week 4, Lesson4-Part 2 Slides

The document discusses relative motion of two particles using translating reference frames. It defines key terms like relative position, velocity and acceleration vectors and derives equations relating absolute and relative motion. It provides examples of applying the concepts to solve problems involving objects like cars moving in different paths.

Uploaded by

ruanhattingh037
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Relative-Motion of Two Particles Using

Translating Axes

APPM 211

North-West University
gabriel.magalakwe@nwu.ac.za
Dr Djomengi’s e-mail: 30599946@nwu.ac.za

Week3: 8-12 March 2021


Lesson Outcomes

I At the end of today’s lesson you should be able to

I Relate the positions, velocities, and accelerations of

particles undergoing dependent motion.


Position
Consider particles A and B, which move along the arbitrary paths

shown in Figure 12-42.

The position of each particle, rA and rB , is measured from

the common origin O of the fixed x, y , z reference frame.


Position

The origin of a second frame of reference x, y , z is attached to and

moves with particle A.

The axes of this frame are only permitted to translate relative to

the fixed frame.

The position of B measured relative to A is denoted by the

relative-position vector rB/A .

Using vector addition, the three vectors shown in Figure 12-42 can

be related by the equation

rB = rA + rB/A . (1)
Velocity

An equation that relates the velocities of the particles is

determined by taking the time derivative of equation (1); i.e.,

vB = vA + vB/A . (2)

Here vB = drB /dt and vA = drA /dt refer to absolute velocities,

since they are observed from the fixed frame; whereas the relative

velocity vB/A = drB/A /dt is observed from the translating frame.


Acceleration

The time derivative of equation (2) yields a similar vector relation

between the absolute and relative accelerations of particles

A and B.

aB = aA + aB/A . (3)

Here aB/A is the acceleration of B as seen by the observer located

at A.

Do all the sample problems


Problem 12-217 New/12-234 old
At the instant shown, the car at A is travelling at 10 m/s around

the curve while increasing its speed at 5 m/s 2 . The car at B is

travelling at 18.5 m/s along the straight-away and increasing its

speed at 2 m/s 2 . Determine the relative velocity and relative

acceleration of A with respect to B at this instant.


Solution for problem 12-217 new/12-234 old
Problem 12-230 New/12-219 Old
A man walks at 5 km/h in the direction of a 20 km/h wind.

If raindrops fall vertically at 7 km/h in still air, determine direction

in which the drops appear to fall with respect to the man.

Figure : 230
Solution for problem 12-230 new/12-219 old
Problem 12-231 new/12-224 old
At the instant shown, car A travels along the straight portion of

the road with a speed of 25 m/s. At this same instant car B

travels along the circular portion of the road with a speed of

15 m/s. Determine the velocity of car B relative to car A.

Figure : 231
Solution for problem 12-231 new/12-224 old
Dankie vir julle aandag

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