Assignment 2 - FOC

Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Sub: FOC (6EC4-03) Assignment-2 (Set-01) Semester: VI Sem ECE
Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC001 to 21ESKEC005)
S.No. Question CO BL
1 Calculate the total power that should be transmitted over 32channels of
a WDM system that are spaced 8nm apart at 1.55 μm for a repeaterless
CO3 L3
distance of 80km. Take Leff=20km, Δλc=125nm, gR=6x10-14m/W,
Aeff=55 μm2.
2 For a 2X2 fiber coupler, input power is 200 μW, throughout power is
90 μW, coupled power is 85 μW and cross talk power is 6.3μW. CO3 L3
Compute the performance parameter of the fiber coupler.
3 A step-index fiber with a pure silica core has a core refractive index of
1.5000, a cladding refractive index of 1.4967, and is used to transmit
light at 1.55 μm. The core radius is 5 μm.
a) How many modes can propagate in the fiber?
CO4 L3
b) Which are the two main causes of dispersion in this fiber?
c) Determine the dispersion due to these two mechanisms.
For waveguide dispersion, make the (realistic) assumption that the
material dispersion can be neglected (dn/dω=0).
4 If an optical fiber has output power of 100mw, when the length is 500
CO4 L3
m and power input was 200mw, what is attenuation in the fiber?
5 A type-I intensity-modulated analog fiber-optic link employs a laser
transmitter which couples a mean optical power of 0dBm into a
multimode optical fiber cable. The cable exhibits an attenuation of 3.0
dB/km with splice losses estimated at 0.5 dB/km. A connector at
receiver end shows a loss of another 1.5dB. The p-i-n photodiode
receiver has a sensitivity of -25 dBm for a CNR of -50dB with a
CO5 L3
modulation index of 0.5. A safety margin of 7dB is required. The rise
time of the ILD & p-i-n diode are 1ns & 5ns respectively and the
intermodal & intramodal rise times of the fiber cable are 9ns/km &
2ns/km respectively. Calculate the maximum possible link length
without repeaters & maximum permitted 3-dB bandwidth of the
system.
6 For a multimode fiber link following parameters are recorded:
(i) LED with drive circuit has risen time of 15s.
(ii) LED spectral width = 40 nm
(iii) Material dispersion related rise time degradation = 21 ns over 6 CO5 L3
km link.
(iv) Modal dispersion rise time = 3.9 nsec.
Calculate System rise time.
S.N Question CO BL
o.
CO3 L3
Aeff=55 μm2.
2 A SOA has uncoated facet reflectivity of 30% and a single pass gain
of 5 dB. The device has an active region of length 320μm ,a mode
spacing of 1 nm, and a peak gain wavelength of 1.55 μm. Calculate the CO3 L3
reference index of the active region and the spectral bandwidth of the
amplifier.
CO4 L3
4 A low loss fiber has average loss of 3 dB/km at 900 nm. Compute the
length over which – CO4 L3
a) Power decreases by 50 % b) Power decreases by 75 %.
CO5 L3
system.
6 Design an optical link for transmitting 15 Mb/sec of data for a distance
CO5 L3
of 4 km with BER of 10-9
1 Calculate the total power that should be transmitted over
32channels of a WDM system that are spaced 8nm apart at 1.55
CO3 L3
μm for a repeaterless distance of 80km. Take Leff=20km,
Δλc=125nm, gR=6x10-14m/W, Aeff=55 μm2.
2 Calculate the SBS threshold power for the worst and best possible
cases if the line width of the source is 100MHz, gB=4x10-11 m/W, CO3 L3
Aeff=55x10-12 m2, Leff=20km, λp=1.55μm.
3 A step-index fiber with a pure silica core has a core refractive
index of 1.5000, a cladding refractive index of 1.4967, and is used
to transmit light at 1.55 μm. The core radius is 5 μm.
CO4 L3
4 The attenuation in optical fiber is 3.6dB/Km. What fraction of its
CO4 L3
initial intensity remain after 1.5Km
5 A type-I intensity-modulated analog fiber-optic link employs a
laser transmitter which couples a mean optical power of 0dBm
into a multimode optical fiber cable. The cable exhibits an
attenuation of 3.0 dB/km with splice losses estimated at 0.5
dB/km. A connector at receiver end shows a loss of another 1.5dB.
The p-i-n photodiode receiver has a sensitivity of -25 dBm for a
CO5 L3
CNR of -50dB with a modulation index of 0.5. A safety margin of
7dB is required. The rise time of the ILD & p-i-n diode are 1ns &
5ns respectively and the intermodal & intramodal rise times of the
fiber cable are 9ns/km & 2ns/km respectively. Calculate the
maximum possible link length without repeaters & maximum
permitted 3-dB bandwidth of the system.
6 A continuous 12 km long optical fiber link has a loss of 1.5
dB/km.
i) What is the minimum optical power level that must be launched
CO5 L3
into the fiber to maintain as optical power level of 0.3 µW at the
receiving end? ii) What is the required input power if the fiber has
a loss of 2.5 dB/km?
1 Calculate the total power that should be transmitted over 32channels
of a WDM system that are spaced 8nm apart at 1.55 μm for a
CO3 L3
repeaterless distance of 80km. Take Leff=20km, Δλc=125nm,
gR=6x10-14m/W, Aeff=55 μm2.
2 An EDFA amplifer produce Ps out = 27 dBm for an in out level of 2
dBm at 1542 nm. i) Find the amplifier gain. ii) What is the minimum CO3 L3
pump power required?
3 A step-index fiber with a pure silica core has a core refractive index
of 1.5000, a cladding refractive index of 1.4967, and is used to
transmit light at 1.55 μm. The core radius is 5 μm.
CO4 L3
4 Optical power launched into fiber at transmitter end is 150 µW. The
power at the end of 10 km length of the link working in first window
is – 38.2 dBm. Another system of same length working in second
CO4 L3
window is 47.5 µW. Same length system working in third window
has 50 % of launched power. Calculate fiber attenuation for each case
and mention wavelength of operation.
multimode optical fiber cable. The cable exhibits an attenuation of
3.0 dB/km with splice losses estimated at 0.5 dB/km. A connector at
CO5 L3
system.
6 A transmitter has an output power of 0.1 mW. It is used with a fiber
having NA= 0.25, attenuation of 6 dB/km and length 0.5 km. The
link contains two connectors of 2 dB average loss. The receiver has a CO5 L3
minimum acceptable power (sensitivity) of – 35 dBm. The designer
has allowed a 4 dB margin. Calculate the link power budget.
CO3 L3
2 A 2 x 2 biconical tapered fiber coupler has an input optical power
level of P0 = 200 microwatts. The output powers at the other three
ports are P1 = 90 microwatts, P2 = 85 microwatts and P3 = 6.3 CO3 L3
nanowatts, Find i) Coupling ratio ii) Excess loss iii) Insertion loss
and iv) Cross talk.
CO4 L3
4 For a 30 km long fiber attenuation 0.8 dB/km at 1300nm. If a 200
CO4 L3
µwatt power is launched into the fiber, find the output power.
CO5 L3
modulation index of 0.5. A safety margin of 7dB is required. The
rise time of the ILD & p-i-n diode are 1ns & 5ns respectively and
the intermodal & intramodal rise times of the fiber cable are 9ns/km
& 2ns/km respectively. Calculate the maximum possible link length
system.
6 Design an optical link with a transmitter having an output power of
1 mW, a receiver with a sensitivity of -30 dBm, and a fiber link with
CO5 L3
a loss of 3 dB/km over 10 km. Determine if the link budget is
adequate.
CO3 L3
2 Consider an EDFA being pumped at 980 nm with a 30 mW pump
CO3 L3
power. If gain at 1550 nm is 20 dB, then what is the input power?
CO4 L3
4 When mean optical power launched into an 8 km length of fiber is
12 µW, the mean optical power at the fiber output is 3 µW.
Determine Overall signal attenuation in dB and the overall signal CO4 L3
attenuation for a 10 km optical link using the same fiber with
splices at 1 km intervals, each giving an attenuation of 1 dB.
CO5 L3
6 The rise times for various components of intensity modulated fiber
optic link are listed below. Determine if these specifications
support a 5 km repeater less fiber optic link with 6 MHz optical
CO5 L3
bandwidth. Rise time of LED transmitter electronics = 10 ns Inter-
modal dispersion induced= 8ns/km Intra-modal dispersion induced
= 2ns/km Rise time of Detector and receiver electronics = 3ns
CO3 L3
Aeff=55 μm2.
2 Consider an optical transmission path containing N Cascade optical
amplifiers each having a 30 dB gain. If the fiber has a loss of 0.2
dB/km, then the span between optical amplifiers is 150 km if there are CO3 L3
no other system impairments. As an example, for 900 km link we
would need five amplifiers, find noise penalty.
CO4 L3
4 A continuous 12 km long optical fiber link has a loss of 1.5 dB/km. i)
What is the minimum optical power level that must be launched into
the fiber to maintain as optical power level of 0.3 µW at the receiving CO4 L3
end? ii) What is the required input power if the fiber has a loss of 2.5
dB/km?
CO5 L3
system.
6 Calculate the optical power budget for an optical communication
system with a transmitter power of 3 dBm, a fiber loss of 2 dB/km over CO5 L3
20 km, and a receiver sensitivity of -25 dBm.
CO3 L3
2 ln 2 x 2 MZIs, the input wavelengths are separated by 10 GHz. The
silicon waveguide has ηeff = 1.5. Compute the waveguide length CO3 L3
difference.
CO4 L3
4 The input power to an optical fiber is 2 mW while the power
measured at the output end is 2 µW. If the fiber attenuation is 0.5 CO4 L3
dB/km, calculate the length of the fiber.
CO5 L3
system.
6 Calculate the optical power budget for a link with a transmitter
power of 1 mW, a fiber loss of 0.2 dB/km over 50 km, and CO5 L3
additional losses of 2 dB due to connectors and 1 dB due to splices.
CO3 L3
2 An EDFA amplifier produces = 27 dBm for an in out level of 2
dBm at 1542 nm. i. Find the amplifier gain. ii. What is the CO3 L3
minimum pump power required ?
CO4 L3
4 An LED operating at 850 nm has a spectral width of 45 nm. What
CO4 L3
is the pulse spreading in ns/km due to material dispersion?
CO5 L3
6 Determine the optical power margin for a system with a
transmitter power of 2 dBm, a receiver sensitivity of -25 dBm, and CO5 L3
a total fiber loss of 30 dB.
CO3 L3
2 A directional coupler uses two identical single-mode
fibers.Determine interaction length so that the input power Po is CO3 L3
divided equally at the two output ports.
CO4 L3
4 What is the pulse spreading when a laser diode having a 2 nm
spectral width is used? Find the the material-dispersion-induced
CO4 L3
pulse spreading at 1550 nm for an LED with a 75 nm spectral
width
CO5 L3
6 Determine the total power budget for an optical system with a
transmitter power of 2 dBm, a fiber loss of 0.3 dB/km over 60 km, CO5 L3
and receiver sensitivity of -28 dBm.
CO3 L3
2 In a DWDM system, if 32 channels are spaced 0.8 nm apart in the
CO3 L3
C-band, calculate the total bandwidth occupied by the channels.
CO4 L3
4 For a single mode fiber n2 = 1.48 and Δ = 0.2 % operating at A =
1320 nm, compute the waveguide dispersion if V.[d2(Vb)/dV2] = CO4 L3
0.26
CO5 L3
system.
6 In an optical communication system, the transmitter emits light with
a power of 2 mW. The optical fiber has an attenuation of 0.5 dB/km.
CO5 L3
If the receiver sensitivity is -35 dBm, and the distance between the
transmitter and receiver is 60 km, determine the link budget.
Calculate the total power that should be transmitted over 32channels
1 of a WDM system that are spaced 8nm apart at 1.55 μm for a
CO3 L3
An optical amplifier has an input signal power of 1mW and provides
CO3 L3
2 an output power of 10mW. Calculate the gain in dB.
A step-index fiber with a pure silica core has a core refractive index
3 a) How many modes can propagate in the fiber?
CO4 L3
A step-index single-mode fiber exhibits material dispersion of 6ps
4 nm-1 at an operating wavelength of 1.55 μm.Assume that n1=1.45,
CO4 L3
Δ=0.5%.Calculate diameter of core needed to make the total
dispersion of the fiber zero at this wavelength.
A type-I intensity-modulated analog fiber-optic link employs a laser
5 receiver has a sensitivity of -25 dBm for a CNR of -50dB with a
CO5 L3
system.
A fiber optic link consists of a transmitter with an output power of 0
6 dBm, a receiver with a sensitivity of -25 dBm, and a fiber attenuation
CO5 L3
of 0.3 dB/km over 50 km. Determine the available optical power
budget for the link.

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Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC001 to 21ESKEC005)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC007 to 21ESKEC014)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC015 to 21ESKEC020)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC021 to 21ESKEC026)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC027 to 21ESKEC034)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC035 to 21ESKEC041)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC042 to 21ESKEC049)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC050 to 21ESKEC056)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC057 to 21ESKEC061)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC062 to 21ESKEC066)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC068 to 21ESKEC072)

Maximum Marks: 10 (Roll Number: 21ESKEC073 to 21ESKEC200)

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