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Socket Programming in Java

The document describes how to create a basic client-server application in Java using sockets for communication. It explains how to establish a socket connection on the client and server sides, send and receive data through input/output streams, and close the connection.

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budbakchacha
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© © All Rights Reserved
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24 views

Socket Programming in Java

The document describes how to create a basic client-server application in Java using sockets for communication. It explains how to establish a socket connection on the client and server sides, send and receive data through input/output streams, and close the connection.

Uploaded by

budbakchacha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Socket Programming in Java



This article describes a very basic one-way Client and Server setup where a Client
connects, sends messages to the server and the server shows them using a socket
connection. There’s a lot of low-level stuff that needs to happen for these things to
work but the Java API networking package (java.net) takes care of all of that,
making network programming very easy for programmers.
Client-Side Programming
Establish a Socket Connection
To connect to another machine we need a socket connection. A socket connection
means the two machines have information about each other’s network location (IP
Address) and TCP port. The java.net.Socket class represents a Socket. To open a
socket:
Socket socket = new Socket(“127.0.0.1”, 5000)
 The first argument – IP address of Server. ( 127.0.0.1 is the IP address of
localhost, where code will run on the single stand-alone machine).
 The second argument – TCP Port. (Just a number representing which
application to run on a server. For example, HTTP runs on port 80. Port
number can be from 0 to 65535)
Communication
To communicate over a socket connection, streams are used to both input and
output the data.
Closing the connection
The socket connection is closed explicitly once the message to the server is sent.
In the program, the Client keeps reading input from a user and sends it to the
server until “Over” is typed.
Java Implementation
 Java

// A Java program for a Client


import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {


// initialize socket and input output streams
private Socket socket = null;
private DataInputStream input = null;
private DataOutputStream out = null;

// constructor to put ip address and port


public Client(String address, int port)
{
// establish a connection
try {
socket = new Socket(address, port);
System.out.println("Connected");

// takes input from terminal


input = new DataInputStream(System.in);

// sends output to the socket


out = new DataOutputStream(
socket.getOutputStream());
}
catch (UnknownHostException u) {
System.out.println(u);
return;
}
catch (IOException i) {
System.out.println(i);
return;
}

// string to read message from input


String line = "";

// keep reading until "Over" is input


while (!line.equals("Over")) {
try {
line = input.readLine();
out.writeUTF(line);
}
catch (IOException i) {
System.out.println(i);
}
}

// close the connection


try {
input.close();
out.close();
socket.close();
}
catch (IOException i) {
System.out.println(i);
}
}

public static void main(String args[])


{
Client client = new Client("127.0.0.1", 5000);
}
}

Server Programming
Establish a Socket Connection
To write a server application two sockets are needed.
 A ServerSocket which waits for the client requests (when a client makes a new
Socket())
 A plain old Socket to use for communication with the client.
Communication
getOutputStream() method is used to send the output through the socket.
Close the Connection
After finishing, it is important to close the connection by closing the socket as
well as input/output streams.
 Java

// A Java program for a Server


import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Server


{
//initialize socket and input stream
private Socket socket = null;
private ServerSocket server = null;
private DataInputStream in = null;

// constructor with port


public Server(int port)
{
// starts server and waits for a connection
try
{
server = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println("Server started");

System.out.println("Waiting for a client ...");

socket = server.accept();
System.out.println("Client accepted");

// takes input from the client socket


in = new DataInputStream(
new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream()));

String line = "";

// reads message from client until "Over" is sent


while (!line.equals("Over"))
{
try
{
line = in.readUTF();
System.out.println(line);

}
catch(IOException i)
{
System.out.println(i);
}
}
System.out.println("Closing connection");

// close connection
socket.close();
in.close();
}
catch(IOException i)
{
System.out.println(i);
}
}

public static void main(String args[])


{
Server server = new Server(5000);
}
}

Important Points
 Server application makes a ServerSocket on a specific port which is 5000. This
starts our Server listening for client requests coming in for port 5000.
 Then Server makes a new Socket to communicate with the client.
socket = server.accept()
 The accept() method blocks(just sits there) until a client connects to the server.
 Then we take input from the socket using getInputStream() method. Our Server
keeps receiving messages until the Client sends “Over”.
 After we’re done we close the connection by closing the socket and the input
stream.
 To run the Client and Server application on your machine, compile both of
them. Then first run the server application and then run the Client application.
To run on Terminal or Command Prompt
Open two windows one for Server and another for Client
1. First run the Server application as,
$ java Server
Server started
Waiting for a client …
2. Then run the Client application on another terminal as,
$ java Client
It will show – Connected and the server accepts the client and shows,
Client accepted
3. Then you can start typing messages in the Client window. Here is a sample input
to the Client
Hello
I made my first socket connection
Over
Which the Server simultaneously receives and shows,
Hello
I made my first socket connection
Over
Closing connection
Notice that sending “Over” closes the connection between the Client and the
Server just like said before.
If you’re using Eclipse or likes of such-
1. Compile both of them on two different terminals or tabs
2. Run the Server program first
3. Then run the Client program
4. Type messages in the Client Window which will be received and shown by the
Server Window simultaneously.
5. Type Over to end.

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