JH EcampusUpload SubjectNote Science Adaptation in Animals Notes 2023 2024

SCIENCE Std.
4
CHAPTER 4: ADAPTATIONS IN ANIMALS 2023-2024
NOTES
I. Explain the terms.
1. Aestivation: Some animals become inactive or go for a long sleep during the hot
summer months to prevent loss of water from their bodies. This is called
aestivation.
2. Hibernation: The inactivity or a sleep like state shown by some animals during
winter months is called hibernation.
II. Fill in the blanks.

1. Animals that live on land are called terrestrial animals and their habitat is called a
terrestrial habitat.
2. Animals that eat plants or plant products are called herbivores or herbivorous
animals.
3. Animals that can eat both plant products and other small animals are called
omnivores or omnivorous animals.
4. Animals that eat flesh of other animals are called carnivores or carnivorous
animals.
5. Amphibians breathe in the water with their moist skin and have lungs to breathe
on land.
6. Porcupines have sharp spines to protect themselves from predators.
7. Parasites suck the blood of other animals.
III. State how the following adaptations help these animals.

1. Shells of turtles: This helps them to protect their inner body parts from their
predators.
2. Strong legs of the gazelle: This helps them to run very fast to escape from their
predators.
3. Claws and sharp teeth of terrestrial animals: These help the animals to catch their
prey and eat.
4. Blubber in penguins and seals: This layer of fat keeps the bodies of the penguins
and seals warm.
1
IV. Answer the following.
Q1. Why do animals need to adapt themselves to their surroundings?

The natural surroundings on the earth are changing continuously with time. So,
animals must adapt themselves to the prevailing and changing conditions of the
different habitats. Therefore, they develop special features that help them survive in
their habitats. These special features are called adaptations.
Q2. Why should we care for animals?

Animals are important to us. They give us many useful things. There are
several animals who show love and are also living beings who can feel pain.
We should respect and take proper care of them.
Q3. What are aerial animals? List any two adaptations found in them.
Animals that can fly and spend most of their time in the air are called aerial animals.
Two adaptations that help the aerial animals fly in the air are:
a) Birds have hollow bones that make their bodies light.
b) The forelimbs are modified into wings which are covered with feathers.
Q4. Write three adaptations of aquatic animals that help them to live in water.
Animals that live in water are called aquatic animals.
1. Most aquatic animals have fins or paddle-like flippers that help them to swim in
water.
2. Most aquatic animals have streamlined bodies that help them to wade through
water easily and quickly.
3. Fish and crabs have special organs called gills which help them to breathe in air
(oxygen) dissolved in water.
Q5. Write two ways in which the animals in the Polar Regions keep themselves
warm.
Animals such as penguins and seals have a thick layer of fat, called blubber, under
their skin while some like polar bears and yaks have thick fur on their body. These
features help to keep their body warm.
Q6. What are amphibians? Write three adaptations shown by amphibians.

Animals that can live both on land and in water are called amphibians.
1. Amphibians such as frogs have webbed feet which help them to swim in water.
2. Most amphibians have moist skin which helps them to breathe in water.
3. They have lungs to breathe on land.
2
Q7. How have the camels in the desert adapted to the scarcity of food and water?
To survive without food or water for days, camels get energy from the fat which is
stored in their humps.
Q8. Explain the adaptation of the given type of animals according to their food
habits.
a. Herbivores
b. Carnivores
c. Omnivores
a. Herbivores have sharp cutting teeth or incisors in front that help them to graze.
They have flat grinding teeth or molars at the back to chew and grind the food. These
animals lack canines. Herbivorous animals like the giraffe have long necks to eat
leaves from tall trees and the elephants have long trunks to take showers and pull out
leaves and grass.
b. Carnivores have 4 long sharp pointed teeth(canines) to tear the flesh of their prey.
These animals also have strong grinding teeth to chew the flesh and bones.
Carnivorous birds such as eagles sharp, pointed and hooked beak and claws to catch
their prey and tear flesh. Some carnivores like tigers kill their prey and then eat while
some like vultures eat the flesh of dead animals.
c. Omnivores have a combination of pointed flat and front teeth for feeding both on
plants and animal products. Omnivorous birds such as robins and crows have sharp
beaks.
Q9. Why do birds migrate?

Some birds do not get enough food during the cold winter and so they move in large
numbers to warmer places with proper food and warmth.
Please note:
➢ Read the textbook thoroughly along with the uploaded notes.
➢ Revise the notes from the notebook and the Science workbook.
******

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SCIENCE Std.

II. Fill in the blanks.

III. State how the following adaptations help these animals.

Q1. Why do animals need to adapt themselves to their surroundings?

Q2. Why should we care for animals?

Q6. What are amphibians? Write three adaptations shown by amphibians.

Q9. Why do birds migrate?

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