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SQL Self Notes

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vidhi
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9 views

SQL Self Notes

Uploaded by

vidhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DDL DDL DDL DDL DDL DDL DDL DDL DDL DDL DDL

(1) CREATE:

SQL> create table employee

2 (

3 emp_name varchar2(10),

4 gender char(10),

5 sal number(10),

6 DOB date

7 );

Table created.

SQL> desc employee

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

EMP_NAME VARCHAR2(10)

GENDER CHAR(10)

SAL NUMBER(10)

DOB DATE
(2) ALter
(i) Add - to add a colum-ALter table <name> add <new column name> <data type>

SQL> alter table employee add emp_id number(10);

Table altered.

SQL> desc employee;

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

EMP_NAME VARCHAR2(10)

GENDER CHAR(10)

SAL NUMBER(10)

DOB DATE

EMP_ID NUMBER(10)

(ii)
Modify - to change something of the existing data column
SQL> alter table employee modify emp_id varchar2(20);

Table altered.

SQL> desc employee;

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

EMP_NAME VARCHAR2(10)

GENDER CHAR(10)

SAL NUMBER(10)

DOB DATE
EMP_ID VARCHAR2(20)

(iii) rename - to rename a particular thing in the table - alter table <name> rename <what to
rename> <name before> to <name after>

SQL> alter table employee rename column emp_id to employee_id;

Table altered.

SQL> desc employee;

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

EMP_NAME VARCHAR2(10)

GENDER CHAR(10)

SAL NUMBER(10)

DOB DATE

EMPLOYEE_ID VARCHAR2(20)

(iv)
remove - to remove a partcular item - alter table <name> drop <what to drop><name>

SQL> alter table employee drop column employee_id;

Table altered.

SQL> desc employee;

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

EMP_NAME VARCHAR2(10)

GENDER CHAR(10)
SAL NUMBER(10)

DOB DATE

(3) Rename - to rename a table


SQL> alter table employee rename to emp; or rename employee to emp;

Table altered.

SQL> desc emp;

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

EMP_NAME VARCHAR2(10)

GENDER CHAR(10)

SAL NUMBER(10)

DOB DATE

(4) Drop - to drop a table


SQL> drop table emp;

Table dropped.

SQL> desc emp;

ERROR:

ORA-04043: object emp does not exist


(5) truncate - remove all the data i.e all the rows of the table
truncate table <name>

DML DML DML DML DML DML DML DML DML DML
(1) Insert - insert into<table name> values ( line se values, no. without '',date ke prefix mei date likh
the YY-MM-DD)

SQL> insert into employee values('suraj',50000,date'1989-02-20','manager',date'2015-08-15');

1 row created.

to display the table:-

SQL> select * from employee;

EMP_NAME SAL DOB JOB_ROLE HIREDATE

-------------------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------

suraj 50000 20-FEB-89 manager 15-AUG-15

(2) delete – to delete a row based on some ‘where’ condition.


If no condition entire row will be deleted.

SQL> delete from employee where sal > 50000;

0 rows deleted.

SQL> select * from employee;

EMP_NAME SAL DOB JOB_ROLE HIREDATE


-------------------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------

suraj 50000 20-FEB-89 manager 15-AUG-15

(3) update -

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