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BASIC – 101: Basic Computer Terms and Definition.
COMPUTER – A computer is a computing device that is similar to an automated abacus that

can execute a program, that is, a sequence of automatic instructions.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMPUTERS
 ANALOG COMPUTERS – It uses continuous variables for mathematical operations

and utilizes mechanical or electrical energy.
 DIGITAL COMPUTERS – They use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two
states, namely bits 0 and 1. They are analogous to states ON and OFF. Data on these
computers is represented as a series of Os and 1s. Digital computers are suitable for
complex computation and have higher processing speeds. They are programmable Digital
computers are either general purpose computers or special purpose ones. Special purpose
computers, as their name suggests, are designed for specific types of data processing
while general purpose computers are meant for general use.
 Hybrid Computers - These computers are a combination of both digital and analog
computers, In this type of computers, the digital segments perform process control by
conversion of analog signals to digital ones.
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS
 Mainframe Computers - Large organizations use mainframes for highly critical

applications such as bulk data processing and ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). Most
of the mainframe computers. Have the capacities to host multiple operating systems and
operate as a number of virtual machines and can substitute for several small servers.
 Minicomputers: In terms of size and processing capacity, minicomputers lie in between
mainframes and microcomputers. Minicomputers are also called mid-range systems or
workstations. The term began to be popularly used in the 1960s to refer to relatively
smaller third generation computers.
 SERVERS: They are computers designed to provide services to client machines in a
computer network. They have larger storage capacities and powerful processors. Running
on them are programs that serve client requests and allocate resources like memory and
time to client machines. Usually they are very large in size, as they have large processors
and many hard drives. They are designed to be fail-safe and resistant to crash.
 SUPERCOMPUTERS: The highly calculation-intensive tasks can be effectively
performed by means of supercomputers. Quantum physics, mechanics, weather
forecasting, molecular theory are best studied by means of supercomputers. Their ability
of parallel processing and their well-designed memory hierarchy give the
supercomputers, large transaction processing powers.
 MICROCOMPUTERS: A computer with a microprocessor and its central processing
unit it is known as a microcomputer. They do not occupy space as much as mainframes
do. When supplemented with a keyboard and a mouse, microcomputers can be called
personal computers. A monitor, a keyboard and other similar input output devices,
computer memory in the form of RAM and a power supply unit come packaged in a
microcomputer. These computers can fit on desks or tables and prove to be the best
choice for single-user tasks
 Desktops: A desktop is intended to be used on a single location. The spare parts of a

desktop computer are readily available at relatively lower costs. Power consumption is
not as critical as that in laptops. Desktops are widely popular for daily use in the
workplace and households.
 Laptops: Similar in operation to desktops, laptop computers are miniaturized and

optimized for mobile use. Laptops run on a single battery or an external adapter that
charges the computer batteries.
Types of Personal Computer
 NET BOOKS: They fall in the category of laptops, but are inexpensive and relatively
smaller in size. They had a smaller teature set and lesser capacities in comparison to
regular laptops, at the time they came into the market.
 PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANTS (PDAS): It is a handheld computer and
popularly known as a palmtop It has a touch screen and a memory card for storage of
data. PDAs can also be used as portable audio players, web browsers and smart phones.
Most of them can access the Internet by means of Bluetooth or Wi-Fi communication.
 TABLET COMPUTERS: Tablets are mobile computers that are very handy to use.
They use the touch
 SCREEN TECHNOLOGY. Tablets come with an onscreen keyboard or use a stylus or a
digital pen. Apple’s iPod redefined the class of tablet computers.
 WEARABLE COMPUTERS: A record-setting step in the evolution of computers was
the creation of wearable computers. These computers can be worn on the body and are
often used in the study of behavior modeling and human health. Military and health
professionals have incorporated wearable computers into their daily routine, as a part of
such studies. When the users’ hands and sensory organs are engaged in other activities,
wearable computers are of great help in tracking human actions. Wearable computers do
not have to be turned on and off and remain in operation without user intervention.

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BASIC – 101: Basic Computer Terms and Definition.

COMPUTER – A computer is a computing device that is similar to an automated abacus that

DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMPUTERS

 ANALOG COMPUTERS – It uses continuous variables for mathematical operations

 Mainframe Computers - Large organizations use mainframes for highly critical

 Desktops: A desktop is intended to be used on a single location. The spare parts of a

 Laptops: Similar in operation to desktops, laptop computers are miniaturized and

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