11

CONTENTS
This brochure covers multiple applications, which are referenced below. For products
not listed in this brochures, please visit our Directory of Marine Services at
www.castrol.com/marine or speak to your Castrol Account Manager.

CYLINDER OILS (1)

TWO STROKE CRANKCASE (4)

DIESEL ENGINES – HEAVY FUEL OIL (HFO) (5)

DIESEL ENGINES (6)

HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS (9)

GEARBOXES (13)

AIR COMPRESSORS (17)

GAS COMPRESSORS (21)

REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS (22)

TURBOCHARGES (27)

GREASE APPLICATIONS (30)

STERN TUBES AND THRUSTERS (35)

TURBINES (38)

All figures within Technical Data tables in this brochure are typical of those obtained with
normal production tolerance and do not constitute a specification.
 12

CYLINDER OILS 1

Is your cylinder lubricant matched to your vessel’s predominant operating conditions?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

Cyltech 80 AW Mineral HIGH PERFORMANCE

Cyltech 70 Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

Cyltech 50S Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

Cyltech 40SX Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

THE CASTROL CYLTECH DECISION MAP

FIND THE RIGHT CASTROL CYLTECH
SOLUTION FOR YOUR OPERATIONS
WHICH CYLINDER LOW BN

LUBRICANT? CYLTECH 40SX

40 BN

Frequent/Occasional/ Permanent ECA

Non ECA Operation OPERATION IN ECA Operation
1.0% SULPHUR FUEL

MID BN
Yes
SLOW STEAMING
No FUEL <2.5%

SULPHUR CYLTECH 50S

50 BN

FUEL <3.0%

SULPHUR >2.5%

>3.0%

HIGHEST BN HIGH BN
Yes OEM MINIMUM No
CYLTECH 80 AW CYLTECH 70
FEED RATES
80 BN 70 BN
 13

CYLTECH 70
CROSSHEAD ENGINE CYLINDER LUBRICANT

TRUSTED The cylinder lubricant for normal international trade

QUALITY on high sulphur fuels and ECA transit.
FEATURES BENEFITS
Provides high levels of engine protection required The ideal product for vessels on international
when vessels burn high sulphur fuels (3.5%) on trade that spend most of the time operating on
ocean transits but can also be used for frequent or HFO but switch to low sulphur fuels for
short term (10-14 days) in ECAs when lower sulphur relatively short periods when operating in
fuel as are used. ECAs. Such vessels do not need to switch to
lower BN products when operating in ECAs,
thus minimizing on board complexity.
The proven technology of Cyltech 70 provides Cyltech 70 technology aids protection against
resistance to oil film breakdown at elevated liner scuffing and maintains a high level of
temperatures and offers class-leading wear piston ring zone cleanliness, both of which are
protection. key to extending component life and unit
overhaul intervals.

OEM Approvals
 Approved by all major OEMs for use as specified in their oil recommendation service bulletins.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS CYLTECH 70
SAE Number - - 50
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 0 C ASTM D445 mm2/s 19.5
Base Number, BN ASTM D2896 mg KOH/g 70
Relative Density @ 150C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.94
0
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 C >190
0
Pour Point ASTM D97 C -9 or below
 14

CYLTECH 40SX
CROSSHEAD ENGINE CYLINDER LUBRICANT

TRUSTED The cylinder lubricant for predominant low sulphur (ECA) operation where
QUALITY fuels of 1.0%wt sulphur are specified.
FEATURES BENEFITS
Formulated with a combination of low ash and May reduce the risk of cost being incurred as
excellent detergency to prevent the formation of a result of damage caused by the formation of
piston crown deposits. hard piston crown deposits. These could
cause damage to cylinder liners through bore
polishing and scuffing.
Provides excellent engine cleanliness, wear control Helps to extend engine component life and
and maximizes engine life. time between overhauls.

OEM Approvals
 Cyltech 40SX meets the exact requirements of both Wartsila and MAN for
prolonged operation on low sulphur fuels under conditions specified in
recommended oil listings.

Trial and Lab Test Data

 Piston crown deposits formed during short term full size engine test running on
low sulphur fuel :
- Cyltech 40SX “ 1.25 mg of deposits
- Leading competitor product : 27.7 mg of deposits

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS CYLTECH 40SX
SAE Number - - 50
Relative Density @ 150C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.92
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 0 C ASTM D445 mm2/s 19.5
Total Base Number, TBN ASTM D2896 mg KOH/g 40.0
0
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 C >190
0
Pour Point ASTM D97 C -9 or below
 15

TWO STROKE CRANKCASES

Are you using an oil that provides long term bearing life and protection against corrosion in your
crankcases?
PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

CDX 30 Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

CDX 30
CROSSHEAD ENGINE SYSTEM LUBRICANT

TRUSTED A premium two stroke system oil formulated to protect bearing against
QUALITY corrosion and wear over the lifetime of the engine.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent demulsibility, water tolerance and Can help to protect engine against corrosion
corrosion protection should the system oil suffer should water ingress be a problem and allows
sea or fresh water ingress. water to be readily removed should water
ingress occur.
High load bearing capability and excellent Protection of main bearings and also booster
hydraulic oil properties and power take off units. Can be used on latest
“camless” or “intelligent” engine designs.
Excellent detergency and alkaline reserve and Assists cleanliness of crankcase and bearings.
provides excellent piston cooling gallery
cleanliness.

OEM Approvals
 Approved by all major OEMs.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS CDX 30
SAE Number - - 30
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 0 C ASTM D445 mm2/s 11.5
Base Number, BN ASTM D2896 mg KOH/g 5
Relative Density @ 150C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.89
0
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 C >190
0
Pour Point ASTM D97 C -12 or below
FZG Gear Test, A/8.3/90 DIN 51 354 FLS 12
 16

DIESEL ENGINES - HFO

Are you using a lubricant that gives you potential cost savings by helping to extend engine overhauls?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

TLX Extra Semi-Synthetic HIGH PERFORMANCE

TLX PLUS
DIESEL ENGINE LUBRICANT

HIGH Castrol TLX Plus is a range of high performance semi-synthetic engine oil to
PERFORMANCE withstand high oil stress conditions seen in the latest engine designs which
have reduced oil capacity and consumption. It is suitable for operating with a
wide range of fuel types HSFO, VLSFO, ULSFO and dual fuel LNG applications.

FEATURES BENEFITS
TLX Plus has been developed for use in medium Formulated with an enhanced detergency
speed engines for marine propulsion and power system (EDS) to maintain excellent
generation applications. cleanliness for reliable engine operation
TLX Plus is available with 20, 30, 40 and 50 or 55 BN, Reduced risk of piston deposit, exceeds API CF
and SAE 30 and 40 viscosity grades to suit engine engine cleanliness requirements * and
builders’ requirements and fuel variations. maintains cleanliness under high oil stress
conditions.
The product is also suitable for diesel engines fitted Increased performance delivered through
with latest emission reduction technology and after extended operation within OEM oil condition
treatment systems. limits, improved oil treatment and water
shedding performance, excellent liner
condition and low wear rates, 2020 ready and
capable of handling fuel variability.

*As tested in low BN variants

OEM Approvals
 Approvals or letter of no objection from MAN, MAK, Wartsila, Daihatsu, Yanmar and Hyundai HIMSEN
medium speed engine manufacturers.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL TLX Plus TLX Plus TLX Plus TLX Plus TLX Plus TLX Plus TLX Plus
METHOD UNITS
CHARACTERISTICS 203 204 303 304 404 504 554
ASTM
Density @15C, Relative g/ml 0.893 0.898 0.900 0.902 0.908 0.915 0.917
D4052
ASTM
Viscosity, Kinematic 100C mm2/s 11.4 14.1 11.5 13.5 13.9 13.9 13.9
D445
0
Flashpoint, PMCC ASTM D93 C 218 221 219 217 218 218 218
0
Pour Point ASTM D97 C -13 -12 -13 -14 -13 -16 -15
ASTM
Total Base Number, TBN MgKOH/g 20 20 30 30 40 50 55
D2896
ASTM
Viscosity Index None 102 101 105 103 105 107 108
D2270
 17
6

DIESEL ENGINES
Are you using engine lubricants that help to protect your engines against wear, keeping them clean
under the widest range of operating conditions?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

MHP Mineral, Monograde TRUSTED QUALITY

Vecton 15W-40 Mineral, Multigrade HIGH PERFORMANCE

 18

MHP
DIESEL ENGINE LUBRICANT

TRUSTED A high performance diesel lubricant specially developed for use in modern
QUALITY marine diesel engines operating on distillate fuels.

FEATURES BENEFITS
MHP has been formulated with enhanced Helps to keep critical engine components
detergency properties to provide excellent engine clean. With superior gear performance built-in,
cleanliness and excellent thermal stability. MHP can be used as a common oil for both
engine and transmission system, giving you
opportunity to minimize oil inventory.

OEM Approvals
 MHP exceeds the requirements of API CF and fully approved by all major.

Trial and Lab Test Data

 A fast ferry running on variable sulphur content fuel (as high as 0.8-1.0%), and using “old technology”
lubricants was forced to change oil after 1,600/1,800 hours, primarily due to OEM limits for BN
depletion and insoluble being exceeded
 After switching to Castrol MHP, the oil change interval increased to 2,000/2,200 hours. Overall lube
consumption and disposal costs were reduced by 25%.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS MHP 153 MHP 154
SAE Number - - 30 40
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 0 C ASTM D445 mm2/s 11.5 13.5
Total Base Number, TBN ASTM D2896 mg KOH/g 15 15
Relative Density @ 150C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.890 0.895
0
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 C >200 >200
0
Pour Point ASTM D97 C -12 or below -12 or below
FZG Gear Test, A8.3/90 DIN 51 354 FLS 12 12
 19

VECTON 15W-40
DIESEL ENGINE LUBRICANT

HIGH An advanced engine oil, formulated with unique System 5 Technology TM.
PERFORMANCE
FEATURES BENEFITS
Vecton 15W-40 is suitable for a wide range of Modern engines operate in constantly
European, US and Japanese diesel engine, in both changing conditions which impact engine
on-highway, off-highway and marine applications. performance. Castrol Vecton 15W-40’s unique
System 5 TechnologyTM adapts to these
changing conditions to help deliver
performance in 5 key areas.

OEM Approvals
 Performance specifications :
- Fuel consumption : fights oil thickening resulting in better fuel efficiency.
- Oil consumption : fights piston deposit, resulting in lower oil consumption.
- Oi change interval : fights contaminants, resulting in longer oil drain intervals.
- Component life : fights wear and corrosion, enhancing the life of critical engine components.
- Power : fights soot, improving engine power all the way through the oil drain.
Castrol Vecton 15W-40 with unique System 5 TechnologyTM adapts to changing engine conditions to
help maximise engine performance.

 Approved by all relevant global engine manufacturers to demanding specifications including :

- ACEA E7
- API CI-4
- DHD-1
- CAT ECF-2
- Cummins CES 20.076, 20.077, 20.078
- Mack EO-M Plus, EO-N
- MAN M3275-1
- MB Approval 228.3
- RVI RLD-2
- Volvo VDS 3

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS VECTON 15W-40
Relative Density @ 15 0 C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.885
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 0 C ASTM D445 mm2/s 14.4
Kinematic Viscosity @ 40 0 C ASTM D445 mm2/s 106.4
Ash, Sulphated ASTM D874 % wt 1.36
Total Base Number, TBN ASTM D2896 mg KOH/g 10.5
Pour Point ASTM D97 0
C -42
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 0
C >200
 110

HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Are you using the right fluid in all climatic conditions to help protect both your hydraulic systems and
the world’s oceans ?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

HIGH PERFORMANCE
Biobar Synthetic
ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE

Hyspin AWH-M Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

 111

BIOBAR
ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE HYDRAULIC FLUID

HIGH A range of high performance environmentally responsible hydraulic

PERFORMANCE fluids that last up 50% longer than conventional mineral oils, helping to
ENVIRONMENTALLY reduce lube consumption and potentially providing greater equipment
RESPONSIBLE in operations, thus avoiding unnecessary maintenance.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Fully tested to OSPAR requirements and approved Reduced environmental impact. Support
by the Norwegian regulators for use offshore : your company’s environmental agenda.
- Superior marine biodegradation. Enhance your reputation among customers
- Significantly reduced bioaccumulation and and stakeholders. Comply with current and
toxicity* to marine organism. future legislation.
Excellent oxidation stability. The potential to extend product life by up to
Good thermal stability. 50%*, minimizing product consumption and
Extremely resistant to hydrolysis. waste.
High shear stability.
Physical properties and system operating Existing equipment can be readily converted
characteristics are comparable with those of to Castrol BioBar with minimal risk and few, if
mineral oil-based hydraulic fluids. Similar any, system changes. Hydraulic systems will
elastomer (seal) compatibility to standard operate without noticeable changes in
hydraulic oils. BioBar is compatible with response times or operating characteristics.
conventional mineral oil-based products.
Low measured Friction Coefficient Resistance to “judder” under high load/slow
speed operating conditions on deck
equipment, helping to prevent hazardous
conditions in lifting operations.
High Viscosity Index and Low Pour Point Easier start-up in hydraulic systems
operating at low temperatures.
Provides a thicker lubricating film and
enhanced component protection in hydraulic
systems operating at high temperatures.
Exceeds the requirements of the Eaton-Vickers Assured hydraulic pump wear protection.
35VQ25 Pump Test.
 112

Trial and Lab Test Data

 Outstanding pump protection as demonstrated by very low wear in Vickers Eaton 35VQ25A Pump
Test : ring loss of 6mg (limit 75mg) and vane loss of <1mg (limit 15mg)
 Reduced environmental impact when compared to conventional hydraulic fluids demonstrable
benefits in the following key performance criteria :
- Castrol BioBar exceeds readily biodegradable standards in extended OECD 306 seawater
biodegradation product testing.
- The toxicity of Castrol BioBar was measured on 3 marine species and was found to exceeds
stringent OSPAR and US EPA requirements by at least 4 times. It also showed significantly reduced
potential for bioaccumulation in marine organisms*.

TECHNICAL DATA
BIOBAR BIOBAR BIOBAR BIOBAR BIOBAR
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS
22 32 46 68 100
Kinematic Viscosity @ 40 0 C ASTM D445 mm2/s 22 32 46 68 104
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 C 0
ASTM D445 mm2/s 4.87 6.44 8.14 11.0 15.6
Viscosity Index ASTM D2270 None 139 145 147 150 150
Pour Point ASTM D97 0
C -45 -45 -30 -30 -30
Steel Corrosion – Sea Water ASTM D665 None No Rust No Rust No Rust No Rust No Rust
From Sequence I,
ASTM D892 ml/ml 20/0 20/0 20/0 50/0 50/0
Tendency/Stability
Hydrolytic Stability,
ASTM D2619 mg/cm2 0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Copper Weight Loss
Hydrolytic Stability,
ASTM D2619 mgKOH/g 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Water Layer Acidity
Hydrolytic Stability,
ASTM D2619 mgKOPH/g -1.5 -1.4 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9
Change in Acidity
Oxidation Stability, RPVOT ASTM D2272 minute 300 300 300 300 300
 113

HYSPHIN AWH-M
HIGH VISCOSITY INDEX HYDRAULIC LUBRICANT

TRUSTED The Castrol Hysphin AWH-M hydraulic oil range of premium high Viscosity
QUALITY Index lubricants are blended using highly refined mineral oils enhanced with
The latest stabilized zinc additive system. Castrol Hysphin AWH-M contains
A shear-stable Viscosity Index Improver (VII) which helps maintain the
Viscosity characteristics of the product over a wide temperature range, even
after prolonged use. The VII also imparts a very low pour point which enables
the product to be used in very cold environments. Castrol Hysphin AWH-M
exhibits excellent corrosion and wear protection as well as outstanding
thermal and oxidative stability.
In addition, this product has excellent hydrolytic stability and separates water
rapidly.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Helps to promote longer oil life, minimize
Outstanding thermal and oxidative stability. sludge and deposit formation, assists reliable
operation of equipment.
Wide operating temperature range and
High Viscosity Index
easier start up at low temperatures.
Excellent anti-wear performance and superior
Maximum component protection
protection against corrosion.
Excellent water separation.
Maximum filter life and minimum
Outstanding filterability characteristics, both dry
maintenance.
and wet
 114
13

GEARBOXES
Have you considered the consequences of poor gear oil performance on the reliability of key
machinery like propellers, fuel separators. Cranes and winches? Are you willing to take a risk?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

Alphasyn HG Synthetic HIGH PERFORMANCE

Alphasyn PG Synthetic HIGH PERFORMANCE

Alpha SP Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

 115

ALPHASYN HG
SYNTHETIC GEAR LUBRICANT

HIGH The Castrol Alphasyn HG range of high performance polyalphaolefin-based

PERFORMANCE synthetic gear oil deliver outstanding anti-wear performance where
Machinery is operating at higher temperatures and under heavy loads.
Castrol Alphasyn HG helps to extend oil life when compared to conventional
Mineral oil based products, allowing you to achieve real maintenance cost
savings.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent anti-wear, load carrying and extreme Helps to provide protection of gears against
pressure properties. wear and shock-loading, leading to potential
savings in both maintenance time and cost.
Exceptional lubricity properties. May increase mechanical efficiency and
minimize energy losses.
Low pour point and high Viscosity Index Can be used in extreme climatic zones
without the need for significant heating.
More protection at start-up*. Consistent
lubricating film and wear protection on gears
operating at high temperatures/high load.
Improved thermal and oxidative stability Helps promote longer oil life*
Good viscosity characteristic, low pour point and Can help to reduce downtime through
excellent air and water separation capabilities. prolonged lubricant life and increased
equipment reliability.
Low temperature fluidity, as required in deck The potential to maximize power
machinery in very cold or Arctic temperatures. consumption efficiency.
 116

Trial and Lab Test Data

 The optimal coefficient of friction of Castrol Alphasyn HG achieves a Pass result in the Ortlinghaus
clutch test after 10,000 cycles, replicating many years of service.
 Castrol Alphasyn HG achieves Fail Load stage >12 in the double-speed FZG test (A.16.6/90)
demonstrating superior scuffing protection to gears, even during harsh operating conditions.

TECHNICAL DATA
ALPHASYN ALPHASYN ALPHASYN ALPHASYN
NAME METHOD UNITS
HG 100 HG 150 HG 220 HG 320
ISO Grade - - 100 150 220 320
Density @ 15 0 C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.84 0.84 0.85 0.86
Viscosity @ 40 0 C ASTM D445 cSt 100 150 220 320
Viscosity @ 100 0 C ASTM D445 cSt 14.3 19.8 26.7 34.6
Viscosity Index ASTM D2270 - 140 145 150 150
0
Flash Point, COC ASTM D92 C 270 270 270 286
0
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 C 230 230 230 230
Pour Point ASTM D97 0
C -51 -42 -42 -36
Oxidation (KV100inc) ASTM D2893 - <1% <1% <1% <1%
Steel Corrosion IP 135B - Pass Pass Pass Pass
FZG Gear Failure Load Stage,
DIN 51 354 - 10 10 10 10
A/16.6/140
FZG Gear Failure Load Stage,
DIN 51 354 - >12 >12 >12 >12
A/8.3/90
Copper Corrosion IP 154 - 1a 1a 1a 1a
 117

ALPHA SP
EXTREME PRESSURE GEAR LUBRICANT

TRUSTED The advanced extreme pressure additive system of the Castrol Alpha SP
QUALITY gear oil range not only provides high load-carrying capacity, but also high
Resistance to scuffing and micro-pitting, thereby extending gear life and
Meeting the evolving demands of smaller and higher output gearboxes.

FEATURES BENEFITS
“Clean gear” additive technology Low deposit formation and promotes longer
filter life.
Full Extreme Pressure (EP) performance Helps to protect gears against wear under
high and shock loads.
Good water separation and demulsification Helps to prolong oil life and maximize
characteristics. equipment reliability.
High protection against corrosion and wear. Can help to reduce maintenance.
 118
17

AIR COMPRESSORS
Compressed air is critical for engine starting and also for pneumatic actuators widely used in process
and equipment control. Are you using the right lubricant for your compressor?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

Aircol SN Synthetic HIGH PERFORMANCE

Aircol SR Synthetic HIGH PERFORMANCE

Aircol PD Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

 119

AIRCOL SN
SYNTHETIC AIR COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

HIGH The Castrol Aircol SN range has been developed to cope with the severe
PERFORMANCE operating conditions experienced in reciprocating air compressors
Operating at high compression ratios and high discharge temperatures.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Superior oxidation stability. Helps to promote long oil life and a cleaner
compressors crankcase. Minimizes carbon
and varnish formation which helps to protect
valves.
Good lubricity and film strength. In some compressors, can help lower oil
consumption due to a reduction in the feed
rate to the cylinder walls and piston rings
without increasing wear rates. Since less
lubricant is consumed the downstream air is
also of higher quality.
Excellent high temperature performance. The operating temperature range of Aircol
SN grades extends well beyond that of
conventional mineral oils over an extended
period or running time. The low deposit
tendency and high spontaneous ignition
temperature provides greater safety by
reducing the possibility of downstream fires
and explosions.

Trial and Lab Test Data

 Excellent oxidation resistance, thermal stability and solvency resulting in improved system
cleanliness, helps to increase service life of the lubricant and opportunities for extending machine
maintenance intervals.
 Enhanced ability to separate rapidly from water and protect surfaces from corrosion damage
 Wider operating temperature range compared to mineral oil based products affording excellent
protection under both high and low temperature conditions.
 Low carbon formation.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS METHOD UNITS AIRCOL SN 68 AIRCOL SN 100
ISO Viscosity Grade - - 68 100
Relative Density @ 15 0 C ISO 12185 ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.96 0.96
Kinematic Viscosity @ 40 0 C ISO 3104 ASTM D445 mm2/s 68 100
0
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 C ISO 3104 ASTM D445 mm2/s 7.6 10.3
Viscosity Index ISO 2909 ASTM D2270 - 67 89
0
Flash Point ,COC ISO 2592 ASTM D92 C >200 >200
0
Pour Point ISO 3016 ASTM D97 C -40 -40
 120

AIRCOL SR
SYNTHETIC ROTARY COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

HIGH Rotary screw compressors place high demands on lubricants and operate
PERFORMANCE under severe conditions. The Castrol Aircol SR range is suitable for use in
Oil-flooded rotary screw compressors and provides longer protection for
Specialized and demanding applications compared to conventional
Mineral oil based products.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Extended drain intervals Can help reduce operating costs.
Outstanding oxidation stability and good antiwear Helps promote long lubricant and equipment
performance life.

TECHNICAL DATA
AIRCOL AIRCOL SR AIRCOL SR
NAME METHOD UNITS
SR 32 46 68
Density @ 15 0 C ISO 12185, ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.83 0.84 0.839
Kinematic Viscosity @ 40 0 C ISO 3104, ASTM D445 mm2/s 32 46 68
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 0 C ISO 3104, ASTM D445 mm2/s 6.1 7.8 10.7
Viscosity Index ISO 2909, ASTM D2270 - 137 137 142
Foam Sequence I ISO 6247, ASTM D892 mls/mls 10/0 10/0 10/0
Pour Point ISO 3016, ASTM D97 0
C -54 -54 -54
0
Flash Point, COC ISO 2592, ASTM D92 C 264 264 235
Rust Test (24hrs, Synthetic Sea Water) ISO 7210, ASTM D665B - Pass Pass Pass
RPVOT ASTM D2272 Mins 4,500 3,000 3,000
FZG Gear Test (A/8.3/90) DIN 51354 FLS 8 9 9
 121

AIRCOL PD
AIR COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

TRUSTED The Castrol Aircol PD range of ashless oil is recommended for the
QUALITY lubrication of reciprocating compressors and are available in the required
Viscosity grades.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent water separation characteristics. This allows condensation to readily separate
from the oil, minimizing the risk of emulsion
formation which could block the oil separator
element.
Excellent corrosion prevention Helps protect equipment in humid
conditions.

TECHNICAL DATA
NAME METHOD UNITS AIRCOL PD 68 AIRCOL PD 100
ISO Grade - - 68 100
Density @ 15 0 C, Relative ISO 12185, ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.88 0.89
Viscosity Kinematic @ 40 0 C ISO 3104, ASTM D445 cSt 68 100
Viscosity, Kinematic @ 100 0 C ISO 3104, ASTM D445 cSt 8.57 11.4
Viscosity Index ISO 2909, ASTM D2270 100 98
0
Flash Point, PMCC ISO 2719, ASTM D93 C >200 >200
0
Pour Point ISO 3016, ASTM D97 C -21 -12
Foam Sequential ISO 6247, ASTM D892 mls/mls 30/0 30/0
Rust Test ISO 7210, ASTM D665B - No rust No rust
Conradson Carbon Residue after Ageing DIN 51352/2 % 0.7 <3.0
RPVOT ASTM D2272 mins - -
 122

21

GAS COMPRESSORS
Are you involved in the transportation or processing of hydrocarbon gases? You should use a
lubricant that ensures the safe and reliable operation of gas compressor installations.

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

Aircol PG 185 Synthetic HIGH PERFORMANCE

AIRCOL PG 185
HYDROCARBON COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

HIGH Castrol Aircol PG 185 is a high performance synthetic gas compressor oil
PERFORMANCE based on poly-alkylene glycol, for the lubricant of compressors handling
Hydrocarbon and chemical gases.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Versatile product for use in a variety of applicants Can be used with a wide range of LPG, LNG
hydrocarbon and chemical gases including
butadiene, methane, ethane and propane.
Low hydrocarbon solubility Help to resist dilution by process streams,
ensuring cylinder liner are protected against
scuffing and wear, and reducing feed rate and
lubricant consumption.
High thermal stability due to synthetic base fluid. Helps to prevent polymerization and the
formation of gums and resins.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS AIRCOL PG 185
Relative Density @ 150C ISO 12185/ASTM D4052 g/ml 1.053
Viscosity @ 400C ISO 3104/ASTM D445 cSt 185
Viscosity @ 1000C ISO 3104/ASTM D445 cSt 35
Viscosity Index ISO 2909/ASTM D2270 - 200
0
Flash Point, PMCC ISO 2592/ASTM D92 C >200
Pour Point ISO 3016/ASTM D97 0
C -30
Foam Test @ 240C - - 45/10
Foam Test @ 93.50C - - 140/20
 123

22

REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS
Do you realize how critical air conditioning is for the comfort of your crew and passengers, and for
the protection of foodstuffs and cargo?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

Aircol SW Synthetic TRUSTED QUALITY

Aircol 228 Synthetic TRUSTED QUALITY

Aircol 229 Synthetic TRUSTED QUALITY

Aircol 266 & 299 Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

 124

AIRCOL SW
SYNTHETIC REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

TRUSTED The Castrol Aircol SW range of compressor lubricants is designed for use with
QUALITY refrigeration systems using environmentally responsible HFC refrigerants,
In particular R134a.

FEATURES BENEFITS
The synthetic basestocks used in formulating these Helps promote good oil circulation through
products are fully miscible with HFC refrigerants, the evaporator ensuring efficient cooling and
including R134a, at low operating temperatures. return of the lubricant to the compressor to
provide smooth, trouble-free operation.
Enhanced hydrolytic stability. Helps to promote longer product life when
compared to conventional mineral oil based
products.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL METHOD UNITS AIRCOL AIRCOL AIRCOL AIRCOL AIRCOL AIRCOL
CHARACTERISTIC SW 32 SW 46 SW 68 SW 100 SW 170 SW 220
Density @ 200C ASTM D4052 kg/m3 977 980 980 969 968 975
Kinematic Viscosity @ 400C ASTM D445 mm2/s 32 46 68 100 170 220
Kinematic Viscosity @ 1000C ASTM D445 mm2/s 5.4 6.9 8.5 11.4 17 19
Pour Point ASTM D97 0
C -46 -42 -39 -30 -27 -27
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 0
C 233 235 245 235 235 250
 125

AIRCOL 228
SYNTHETIC REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

TRUSTED The Castrol Aircol 228 series are synthetic compressors oils suitable for use
QUALITY in refrigeration system with very low evaporator temperatures where Alkyl-
Benzene based lubricants are recommended by the manufacturer.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent miscibility and solubility characteristics Works efficiently in refrigeration systems using
with R22 HCFC refrigerants, such as R22
Very low floc points The Aircol 228 rage can be used in systems
where evaporator temperatures are extremely
low.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS AIRCOL 2283 AIRCOL 2284 AIRCOL 2285
Density @ 150C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.87 0.87 0.87
Kinematic Viscosity @ 400C ASTM D445 cSt 46 68 100
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 C
0
155 165 175
0
Pour Point ASTM D97 C -33 -33 -30
0
Floc Point, R22 DIN 51 351 C -55 -55 -50
 126

AIRCOL 229
SYNTHETIC REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

TRUSTED The Castrol Aircol 229 series are specifically designed for refrigeration
QUALITY systems using screw type compressors operating with very low evaporation
temperatures.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Low miscibility and solubility with R22 refrigerant. This characteristic gives significant
advantages in screw type compressors where
refrigerant absorption can adversely effect
volumetric efficiency and reduce lubricant
viscosity to unacceptable low levels
Very low pour point Can be used in systems where evaporator
temperatures are extremely low.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS AIRCOL 2294 AIRCOL 2295
Density @ 150C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.84 0.85
Viscosity @ 400C ASTM D445 mm2/s 68 220
Viscosity @ 1000C ASTM D445 mm2/s 10.8 25.2
Closed Flash Point ASTM D93 C
0
233 243
0
Pour Point ASTM D97 C -45 -40
 127

AIRCOL 266 & 299

MINERAL REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

TRUSTED Castrol Aircol 266 and the Aircol 299 refrigeration compressor lubricants are
QUALITY for use in refrigeration and air conditioning plants using HCFC refrigerants
such as R22. The exceptional low temperature characteristics of these oils
helps to prevent the formation of wax which may occur in high performance
systems using HCFC refrigerants such as R22.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Compatible with R22 refrigerant When operating in systems using R22
refrigerant, helps to promote good oil
circulation through the evaporator to provide
smooth, efficient operation.
Low pour point ensures low wax forming tendency Can be used in systems where evaporator
temperatures are extremely low.
 128
27

TURBOCHARGERS
Turbochargers operate under severe conditions and can place high demands on lubricants and
operate under severe conditions. Stability and cleanliness are essential to ensure reliable operation.

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

Aircol SR Synthetic HIGH PERFORMANCE

Aircol SN Synthetic HIGH PERFORMANCE

 129

AIRCOL SR
SYNTHETIC TURBOCHARGER LUBRICANT

HIGH The Castrol Aircol SR range are high performance synthetic turbocharger and
PERFORMANCE rotary compressor lubricants offering superior operational benefits. They
contain anti-wear additives to enhance lubrication, anti-oxidants to minimize
oxidation deposit formation and an ester-free formulation with corrosion
inhibitors to control the effects of moisture

FEATURES BENEFITS
Outstanding oxidation stability comared to Longer lubricant life compared to
conventional lubricants and good anti-wear conventional mineral oil based products.
performance.
Excellent water separation Allows condensation to readily separate from
the lubricant, minimizing the risk of forming
emulsions which could block the oil separator
element.

OEM Approvals
 Aircol SR 68 is approved by ABB Turbo Systems for up to 5,000 hours drain intervals and as a low
friction lubricant in their turbochargers. The use of synthetic PAO 68 oil such as Aircol SR 68 is highly
recommended in certain ABB VTR 4 series turbochargers.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS AIRCOL SR 46 AIRCOL SR 68
Density @ 150C ISO 12185, ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.84 0.839
Kinematic Viscosity @ 400C ISO 3104, ASTM D445 mm2/s 46 68
Kinematic Viscosity @ 400C ISO 3104, ASTM D445 mm2/s 7.8 10.7
Viscosity Index ISO 2909, ASTM D2270 - 137 142
Form Sequence I ISO 6247, ASTM D892 mls/mls 10/0 10/0
Pour Point ISO 3016, ASTM D97 0
C -54 -54
0
Flash Point, COC ISO 2592, ASTM D92 C 264 235
Rust Test (24hrs, Synthetic Sea Water) ISO 7210, ASTM D665B - Pass Pass
RPVOT ASTM D2272 Mins 3,000 3,000
FZG Gear Test (a/8/3/90) DIN 51354 FLS 9 9
 130

AIRCOL SN
SYNTHETIC TURBOCHARGER LUBRICANT

HIGH The Castrol Aircol SN range of synthetic ester based lubricants resist
PERFORMANCE oxidation and deposit formation to ensure long bearing life and reliable
Operation in service.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Superior oxidation stability when compared to a The potential to reduce maintenance, extend
conventional mineral oil. oil life and help you achieve cleaner operation.
Excellent high temperature performance. The operating temperature range of Aircol SN
grades extends well beyond that of
conventional mineral oils.

OEM Approvals
 Aircol SN 68 is approved by ABB Turbo Systems as a “List 3” Synthetic oil.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS AIRCOL SN 68 AIRCOL SN 100
ISO Viscosity Grade - - 68 100
Relative Density @ 150C ISO 12185, ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.96 0.96
Kinematic Viscosity @ 400C ISO 3104, ASTM D445 mm2/s 68 100
0
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 C ISO 3104, ASTM D445 mm2/s 7.6 10.3
Viscosity Index ISO 2909, ASTM D2270 - 67 89
Flash Point, COC ISO 2592, ASTM D92 0
C >200 >200
0
Pour Point ISO 3016, ASTM D97 C -40 -40
 131
30

GREASE APPLICATIONS
Are you using the correct grease for the diverse range of equipment and wide range of operating
conditions it will experience? Have you considered the environmental impact of your on-deck
grease?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

Spheerol SX 2 Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

High Temperature Greases Mineral HIGH PERFORMANCE

HIGH PERFORMANCE
BioTac EP2 Synthetic
ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE

Spheerol EPL series Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

Spheerol LMM Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

Spheerol AP3 Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

 132

SPHEEROL SX2
CALCIUM COMPLEX GREASE

TRUSTED Castrol Spheerol SX2 is multipurpose lubricating grease, specifically develop

QUALITY to provide lubrication and protection for bearings, wire ropes and open gears.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent multipurpose product. Can help to reduce inventory
High dropping point Can be used in higher temperature
applications than a conventional grease.
Excellent protection against corrosion. Can help to extend the life of on-deck
equipment.
High resistance to seawater wash off Maintains a protective coating for longer and
helps extend re-greasing intervals.

Trial and Lab Test Data

 The high Dropping Point indicates how stable Spheerol SX2 is at higher temperatures.
 The high Weld Point value (measured by the 4 Ball EP wear test) indicates efficient operation under
high loads.
 These properties are important for the lubrication of the bearings and open gears of deck hatches,
mooring and anchor winches and cranes working under very high loads, low speeds and frequent
stop-start operation.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS SPHEEROL SX2
NLGI Classification ASTM D217 - 2
Base - - Complex Calcium Sulphonate
Work Penetration 60 cycles ASTM D217 0.01 mm 265-295
Oil Viscosity @ 400C ASTM D445 mm2/S 180
Dropping Point ASTM D566 0
C >280
0
Operating Temp, Min/Max - C -20/150
Four Ball EP Weld Point ASTM D2596 kg 400
 133

HIGH TEMPERATURE GREASE

MULTIPURPOSE HIGH TEMPERATURE GREASE

HIGH Intended for use in a wide range of plain and rolling element bearings,
PERFORMANCE especially targeting those applications where upper operating temperatures
Are likely to exceed the limits of conventional, lithium-thickened greases.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent thermal and mechanical stability Helps to ensure prolonged product integrity
across a wider operating temperature range.
Good extreme pressure and anti-wear properties. Helps to promote long component life.

BIOTAC EP 2
ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE EP GREASE

HIGH Environmentally responsible wire rope grease providing excellent protection

PERFORMANCE even when equipment is exposed to water wash.
ENVIRONMENTALLY
RESPONSIBLE FEATURES BENEFITS
Enhanced renewability. Reduced environmental impact when
Superior biodegradation. compared to conventional mineral oils.
Significantly reduced bioaccumulation and toxicity. Support your company’s environmental
agenda.
Enhance your reputation among customers
and stakeholders.
Comply with current and future legislation.
Good pumpability at low temperatures. Facilitates the use of pressurized lubrication
equipment.
High resistance to water spray-off. Helps reduce frequency of application.
Good load-carrying and anti-corrosion properties. Contributes to extended component life and
reduced maintenance for wire ropes.
 134

SPHEEROL EPL SERIES

BEARING GREASE

TRUSTED Castrol Spheerol EPL series are a range of greases for selected marine
QUALITY applications where a lithium thickened grease is more suitable. The range
Extends from a general purpose bearing grease to a semi-fluid grease for
Centralized lubrication systems and grease filled gearboxes.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent EP and anti-wear performance. Protects equipment against high load ad
helps to reduce bearing and component wear.
This in turn assists in maximizing component
life and reducing maintenance.

SPHEEROL LLM
LITHIUM BASED GREASE WITH MOLY DISULPHIDE

TRUSTED Castrol Spheerol LMM is suitable for heavily loaded and shock loaded plain
QUALITY bearings and roller element bearings.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent EP and anti-wear performance compared Helps to protect equipment against extreme
to conventional greases. loading and helps to minimize bearing and
component wear, contributing to extended
component life and reduced maintenance.
 135

SPHEEROL AP3
LITHIUM BASED GREASE

TRUSTED Primarily intended for use in plain and roller bearings where a NLGI 3 lithium
QUALITY thickened grease with a lower viscosity base oil is required.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Corrosion inhibitor additive. Provides protection for metal surfaces, helping
to extend the life of equipment.
Oxidation inhibitors. Helps to extend the life of the grease, reducing
the need for frequent re-greasing.
 136

35

STERN TUBES AND THRUSTERS

What is the real cost to your vessel operations of water ingress into your stern tube and thruster
systems? What is the real damage from oil leakage into the sea?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

HIGH PERFORMANCE
BioStat Synthetic
ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE
 137

BIOSTAT
ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE STERN TUBE/GEAR OIL

HIGH The Castrol BioStat range has been developed to effectively lubricate marine
PERFORMANCE thrusters, stern tubes, spur, planetary and helical gears, rolling element and
ENVIRONMENTALLY plain bearings and to minimize the environmental impact of the lubricant
RESPONSIBLE should it migrate into the sea. It delivers effective lubrication with up to 20%
water contamination, significantly more than conventional mineral oils can
tolerate. This allowed to continued operations under faulty conditions,
helping you minimize downtime.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Fully tested to OSPAR requirements and approved Reduced environmentally impact support
by the Norwegian regulators for use offshore: your company’s environmental agenda.
Superior marine biodegradation* Enhance your reputation among customers
Significantly reduce bioaccumulation* and stakeholders.
and toxicity* to marine organism. Comply with current and future legislation.
Good thermal stability. Highly stable product with long service life,
Resistant to hydrolysis. minimize product consumption and waste.
Physical properties and hence system operating Existing equipment can be readily converted
characteristics are comparable with those of to Castrol BioStat with minimal risk.
mineral oil-based fluids. Equipment reliability and performance is not
Good compatibility with all common types of compromised by environmental benefits.
elastomeric seals, comparable with standard
lubricants.
BioStat is compatible with conventional mineral
oil-based products.
Passes Load Stage >13 in the FZG test. High levels of protection for thrusters, gears
BioStat passes FZG micropitting test with high and bearings, particularly when operating at
micropitting load carrying capacity. high loads or rapidly fluctuating loads.
High viscosity index allows start-up at low Particularly suited for operations in the Artic
temperatures and provides for a thicker or other environmentally sensitive areas.
lubricating film at high temperatures for additional
antiwear protection.

Trial and Lab Test Data

 Excellent bearing protection as demonstrated in the FE-8 test:BioStat 150 only recorded 1mg weight
loss (limit 30mg). when the load was increased from 80 to 100Kn, BioStat 100 only recorded a weight
loss of 4mg
 Very low levels of wear under slow speed conditions as demonstrated in the FZG DGMK test: wear
weight loss of 26mg at 1000C and 24 mg at 400C compared to typical values > 100mg for mineral
based products
 Maintains wear performance with up to 20% water contamination as demonstrated in FZG test*
 Readily exceeds the Biodegradability requirements of the OECD 306 seawater biodegradation test;
when tested at product level, BioStat biodegraded by 100% within 28 days.
 Exceeds the stringent OSPAR** and US EPA***toxicity requirements by at least 4 times.
 138

TECHNICAL DATA
BIOSTAT BIOSTAT BIOSTAT
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC METHOD UNITS BIOSTAT 68
100 150 220
Relative Density ASTM D4052 - 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93
Kinematic Viscosity @ 400C ASTM D445 cSt 70 103 144.6 207.8
Kinematic Viscosity @ 1000C ASTM D445 cSt 13.27 16.93 21.73 28.41
Viscosity Index ASTM D2270 - 178 178 177 178
Flash Point, COC ASTM D92 0
C >240 >240 >240 >240
0
Pour Point ASTM D97 C -39 -27 -24 -27
Steel Corrosion : Distilled Water ASTM D665 - No Rust No Rust No Rust No Rust
Sea Water ASTM D665 - No Rust No Rust No Rust No Rust
Copper Corrosion, 1000C/3hrs ASTM D130 - 1A 1A 1A 1A
ASTM D892 cm3/cm
Foaming tendency/stability 3
50/0 50/0 50/0 50/0

Flender Foam Test - - Pass Pass Pass Pass

Demulsification Time ASTM D1401 mins 0/23/57(30) 0/23/57(30) 0/23/57(30) 0/23/57(30)

PERFORMANCE TEST
FZG Gear Test, A/8.3/90 DIN 51 354-2 - >12 >12 >12 >12
FZG Micropitting Test FVA. No. 54 - >10 >10 >10 >10
** As specified in the OSPAR Harmonised Pre-screening Scheme

*** As specified in the NPDES permit GMG29000 for subsea production control fluids.
 139

38

TURBINES
Are you using a lubricant that has high levels of oxidation resistance, water tolerance and corrosion
protection?

PRODUCT OIL TYPE CATEGORY

Perfecto X Mineral TRUSTED QUALITY

 140

PERFECTO X
TURBINE LUBRICANT

TRUSTED For the lubricant of gas and steam turbines. The base oil used have been
QUALITY selected to give the requires water separation characteristics as well as
Providing resistance to foaming and air treatment, all essential properties for
this demanding application.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Excellent oxidation stability. Help you achieve trouble free operation for
extended periods of time in aggressive
environments where heat, air, moisture and
metals all contribute to oil degradation.
Good foam and air release properties. Ensures that the product meets the
requirements of most turbine manufacturers.
Excellent water separation and corrosion inhibiton. Helps to protect equipment, promote efficient
lubricant and prolong oil life.

TECHNICAL DATA
TYPICAL PERFECTO PERFECTO PERFECTO PERFECTO
METHOD UNITS
CHARACTERISTIC X32 X46 X68 X100
ISO Grade - - 32 46 68 100
Density @ 150C ASTM D4052 g/ml 0.87 0.88 0.88 0.88
Kinematic Viscosity @ 400C ASTM D445 mm2/s 32 46 68 100
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100 C0
ASTM D445 mm2/s 5.3 6.7 8.6 10.8
Viscosity Index ASTM D2270 - 102 102 102 97
0
Flash Point, PMCC ASTM D93 C >200 >200 >200 >200
Pour Point ASTM D97 0
C -12 -12 -12 -12
Neutralization Number - mgK OH/g <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2
 141

WORLD CLASS PRODUCTS,

SUPPORTED BY WORLDS
CLASS SERVICES
At Castrol Marine, we go the extra mile to provide you with a range of value-added services that
complement our extensive range of Marine products and help you achieve maximum efficiency in
every department.

DIRECTORY OF MARINE CASTROL MARINE ACADEMY CASTROL CAREMAXTM

SERVICES (DMS)
Castrol’s DMS is a powerful online tool A complete, easy-to-follow training CAREMAXTM Online is an oil analysis program
to support your global lubricant programme unique to Castrol that allows your technical department to
supply planning, around the clock, Marine;online, paper-based and face-to- manage lubricants more easily than ever
365 days a year. Castrol DMS gives face seminar training by lubrication before. With CAREMAXTM Online, you can
you instant access to product experts, created specifically to address compare results across your fleet and identify
availability including pack size and the recognized skill shortage in the potential problems before they result in
bulk availability, through your PC, marine industry. The result is more unnecessary breakdowns and unscheduled
mobile or tablet. It is also the place to efficient, reliable vessel operation downtime.
go to source all PDS and MSDS through better trained, more
information on our products. It’s full of knowledgeable and capable crews, with
valuable, frequently updated a good understanding of marine CASTROL NEW BUILD
information on ports and products, lubricant applications. We understand that the new build process
and you can access Google Maps to needs to run as smoothly as possible. That’s
find every Castrol Marine port around why we have developed the New Build Offer,
the world. providing you with a dedicated New Build
Specialist who will work in close co-
ordination with the shipyard to help ensure
seamless, “On Time in Full” deliveries and
help minimize any interruptions to your
process. That’s how we make sure it’s all
right from the start.