Indian Standard: Recommended Guidelines For Concrete Mix Design
Indian Standard: Recommended Guidelines For Concrete Mix Design
( Rea5rmed 1989 )
UDC 666.972.1.031.1
Gr 6 Fehcary 1983
IS:10262- 1982
(Reaffirmed 1989)
Indian Standard
RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES FOR
CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
CJtairman Rafmsmting
DR H. C. VXEIVESVABAYA Cement Research Institute of India, New Delhi
Members
ADDITIONAL DI~~OTOB,SFANDARD~ Research, Designs & Standards Organization
(B&S) ( Ministry of Railways ), Lucknow
DEPUTY DIBXOTOB,STANDARDI
( Conlinucdon Poga 2 )
0 wiht 1983
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
Thia publication ir protected under the Indiaa Cofryrilif Act ( XIV of 4957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part hy any mean8 except with written permission of the
puhlieher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the raid Act.
18 I 10262 - 1982
pugs1 )
( Confinucdjrom
Memhers Rqmscnling
DR S. S. RzHSt ( &rfnotc )
SHRI K. K. NAMBIAR In personal capacity ( ‘Romnnolnya’ II First Cresreat
Park Road, Gandhinagar, Adyar, Madras )
SERI H. S. PABRICEA Hindustan Prefab Ltd, New Delhi
SRRI C. S. MISHRA ( Alfnnatc)
SERI ?I’. R. PHoLL Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi
SERI Y. R. PHULL Central Road Research Institute ( CSIR ), New
Delhi
SIIRI M. R. CEATTERJZE ( Altnaarc I )
SERI K. L. SETEI ( Alternuts II )
DR M. RAMAIAH Structural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR),
Madras _
SHRI A. V. RA~ANA Dalmia Cement ( Bharat ) Ltd, New Delhi
SERI G. RAUDAS Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,
New Delhi
DR A. V. R. RAO National Buildings Organization, New DCIhi
SHRI J. SEN GUPTA ( Alternate )
SARI R. V. CHALAPAT~Z RAO Geoloeical Survev of India. Calcutta
SERI S. ROY ( Alternate )
SHRI T. N. S. RAO Gammon India Ltd, Bombay
SERI ARJUN R~JHSIN~~ANI Cement Corporation of India Ltd, New Delhi
SHEI K. VITHAL RAO ( Alternate )
SECRETARY Central Board of Irrigation and Power, NW
Delhi
DEPUTY SZORETARY (I) ( Alfcrnate )
SERI N. thVAQUP.U Roads Wing, Ministry of Shipping and Transport,
New Delhi
SHRI R. L. KAPOOR ( A~ferna~c)
PHRI K1 A. SUBRAMANIAM The India Cements Ltd, Madras
SHRI P. S. RAMACEANDRAN ( Alfcrnate )
S u P E n I N T E N D I N o ENGINEER Public Works Department, Government 01
( DIXU~NS ) Tamil Nadu, Madras
EXECUTIVE RNOINEER ( SM & R
DIVISION ) ( Alrarnaf~)
SHRI L. SWAROOP Orissa Cement Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI (3. RAYAN, Director General, IS1 ( Ex-o$icio Mcrnber )
Director ( Civ Engg )
Secretory
SARI M. N. NE~LAKANDHAN
Assistant Director ( Civ Engg ), IS1
( Confinasd on page 21 )
2
IS 8 10262- 1912
Indian Standard
RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES FOR
CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution
on 30 July 1982, after the draft finalized by the Cement and Concrete
Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division
Council.
0.2 Considerable need has been felt for formulating standard recommend-
ations for guidelines on proportioning of concrete mixes. The need has
been further emphasized by the importance given to design mix concrete
according to IS : 456-1978*. Having recognized this need, Cement and
Concrete Sectional Committee decided to evolve a standard recommended
guidelines for concrete mix design.
0.4 Concrete has to be of satisfactory quality in both the fresh and hardened
states. The task of proportioning concrete mixes is accomplished by the
use of certain established relationships which afford reasonably accurate
guidance for selecting the best combination of ingredients so as to achieve
the desirable properties of the fresh and hardened concrete. Out of all the
physical characteristics of concrete, compressive strength is often taken as
an index of its quality in terms of durability, impermeability and water-
tightness and is easily measurable. Therefore, the mix design is generally
carried out for a particular compressive strength of concrete, coupled with
adequate workability, so that the fresh concrete can be properly placed
and compacted. In addition, the mix proportions are also checked against
the requirements of adequate durability for the type of exposure condition
anticipated in service.
3
IS : 10262 - 1982
0.5 The basic assumption made in mix design is that the comprrssive
strength of workable concrete is, by and large, governed by the water-
cement ratio. Another most convenient relationship applicable to normal
concretes is that for a given type, shape, size and grading of aggregates,
the amount of water determines its workability. However, there are
various other factors which affect the properties of concrete, for example,
the quality and quantity of cement, water and aggregates; batching; trans-
portation; placing; compaction; curing; etc. Therefore, the specific relation-
ships that are used in proportioning concrete mixes should be considered
only as a basis for trial,, subject to modifications in the light of experience
as well as for the particular materials used at the site in each case.
0.6 This standard does not debar the adoption of any other accepted
methods of mix design.
0.7 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this
standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expres-
sing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance
with IS : 2-1960. The number of significant places retained in the rounded
off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard lays down the recommended procedure for desi.gning
concrete mixes for general types of construction using the concreting
materials normally available. The design is carried out for a desired
compressive strength and workability of concrete, using continuously graded
aggregates. This standard does not include the design of concrete mixes
for flexural strength or when gap-graded aggregates or various admixtures
and pozzolana are to be used.
1.2 All requirements of IS : 456-1978t and IS : 1343-1980:, in so far as
they apply, shall be deemed to form part of this standard except where
otherwise laid down in this standard.
2. DATA FOR MIX DESIGN
2.1 The following basic data are required to be specified for design of a
concrete mix:
a) Characteristic compressive strength ( that is, below which only a
specified proportion of test results are allowed to fall ) of concrete
at 28 days (fck ),
b) Degree of workability desired,
*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( raGed).
*Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete ( third r&ion ).
#Code of practice for prestressed concrete (jr~t reoision ).
4
c) Limitations on the water-cement ratio and the minimum cemcn~
c&tent to eusure adequate durabiJity (GM Appeadii A OS
IS : 456.1978+ ),
d) Type and maximum size of aggregate to be used, and
e) Standard deviation ( s ) of compressive strength of concrete.
NOTE - Standard deviation of concrete of each grade shall be ‘determined separ-
ately accor&ing ta IS : 4561978e. When, results of sufficiaat number of teats (at
least 30) are not available, then, depending upon the degree of quality control
expected to be exercised at .the site, the value of standard deviation given in Table 1
may be adopted for guidance,
GRADE OB
CONCRsra?
8.2 Target Strength for IHis Deei - In order that not more than the
specified proportion of test results are likely to fall below the charactz&tic
strength, the concrete mix has to be designed for a sornewkat higher target
average compressive strength (fok ). The margin over the characterirtic
strength depends upon the quality control (expressed by the stlodrad
5
IS I lo262 - 1982
%k -fcr + t x J
where
f\k = target average compressive strength at 28 days,
f ek= characteristic compressive strength at 28 days,
s - standard deviation, and
t = a statistic, depending upon the accepted proportion of low
results and the number of tests; for large number of tests,
the value of c is given in Table 2.
NOTE -According to IS : 456-1978* and IS : 134%1980t, the characteristic
strength isdefined as that value below which not more than 5 percent ( 1 in 20 )
results are expected to fall. In such case, the above equation will reduce to:
r- -fos + 1.65 8
TABLE 2 VALUES OF I
( cIou.se 2.2 )
ACOE~TED PROPORTION f
OF Low REWJLTS
1 in 5 0.84
1 in 10 1.28
1 in 15 1’50
1 in 20 1’65
1 in40 1.86
1 in 100 2’33
6
0.30 0.35 040 045 0.50 0.60 0
WATER-CEMENT RATIO
7
I
WATER-CEMENT RATIO
3.3.1 For the desired workability, the quantity of mixing water per unit
volume of concrete and the ratio of fine aggregate to total aggregate by
absolute volume are to be estimated from Tables 4 or 3 as applicable,
depending upon the nominal maximum size and type of aggregates.
10 208 40
20 186 35
40 I65 30
20 180 25
YSpecification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete ( second
revision ) .
+Methods of test for aggregates for concrete : Part III Specific gravity, density, voids,
absorption and bulking.
lS:10262- 1982
*Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete ( second
ii?vision ).
3.5.1 With the quantities of water and cement per unit volume of con-
crete and the ratio of fine to total aggregate already determined, the total
aggregate content per unit volume of concrete may be calculated from the
following equations:
where
V = absolute volume of fresh concrete, which is equal to gross
volume ( ms ) minus the volume of entrapped’ air, -
w= mass of water ( kg ) per ms of concrete,
C= mass of cement ( kg ) per ma of concrete,
so- specific gravity of cement,
P = ratio of fine aggregate to total aggregate by absolute
volume,
f 89 Ca a total masses of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate ( kg )
per ms of concrete respectively, and
Siarsea
- specific gravities of saturated surface dry fine aggregate and
coarse aggregate respectively.
11
IS : 10262 - 1982
4. TRIAL MIXES
Workability of the Trial Mix No. 1 shall be measured. The mix shall
be carefully observed for freedom from segregation and bleeding and its
finishing properties. If the measured workability of Trial Mix No. 1 is
different from the stipulated value, the water content shall be adjusted
according to Table 6 corresponding to the required change in compacting
factor. With this adjusted water content, the mix proportions shall be
recalculated keeping the free water-cement ratio at the pre-selected value
which will comprise Trial Mix No. 2. In addition, two more Trial Mixes
No. 3 and 4 shall be made with the water content same as Trial Mix No. 2
and varying the free water cement ratio by f 10 percent of the pre-selected
value. For these two additional Trial Mixes No. 3 and 4, the mix propor-
tions are to be recalculated for the altered condition of free water-cement
ratio with suitable adjustments in accordance with Table 6.
*Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete
( iwond revision ).
tMethods of sampling and analyak of concrete.
12
fS t 10262 -1982
the water content same as that determined in Trial Mix No. 2. If the
size and special requirement of the work so warrant, the trial may be
extended to cover larger ranges of mix proportions as well as othrr vari-
ables, such as alternative sources of aggregates, maximum sizes and grading
of aggregates, and different types and brands of cements.
APPENDIX A
( Note Below Table 1 )
Very good Fresh cement from single source and regular tests, weigh-
batching of all materials, aggregates supplied in single
sizes, control of aggregate grading and moisture content,
control of water added, frequent supervision, regular
workabil,ity and strength tests, and field laboratory
facilities.
APPENDIX B
( Clawe 3.1.1 )
B-l. Use of Fig. 2 will necessitate testing of the cement for its 28 day com-
pressive strength according to IS : 4031-1968* and another 28 days are
needed to obtain the compressive strength of concrete according to the
trial mixes. As an alternative, a rapid method of concrete mix design
which will take only 3 days for trials is described in B-2. The procedure
is based on the use of accelerated curing ( boiling water ) method for deter-
mination of compressive strength of concrete according to IS : 9013-19787.
B-2. PROCEDURE
B-2.1 Determine the accelerated strength ( boiling water method ) of a
‘reference ’ concrete mix having water-cement ratio c 0.35 and work-
ability ( compacting factor ) c 0.80 with the cement proposed to be used,
on 150 mm cube specimens, The nominal maximum size of aggregate of
the c reference ’ concrete shall be 10 mm and fine aggregate used shail coti-
form to Zone II of Table 4 of IS : 383-1970f.
B-2.2 Corresponding to this accelerated strength, determine the water-
cement ratio for the required target strength of the concrete mix from
Fig. 3.
B-2.3 Work out the remaining mix proportions according to 3.2 to 3.7 and
check the workability of the trial mix.
B-2.4 Determine the accelerated compressive strength of the trial mix
( boiling water method ) and estimate the 28 day compressive strength
with the help of correlations between .accelerated and 28 day strengths of
concrete, of the type of Fig. 2 of IS : 9013-1978t.
--
*Methods of physical tests for hydraulic cement.
TMethods of making, curing and determining compressive strength of accelerated-
axed concrete test specimens.
SSpecificatioo for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete
( sscond rmisim ) .
14
18-: 10262- 1982
15
KS : 16262 - l!MJ2
APPENDIX C
( Clause 3.8 )
#Specjfication for ordinary and low heat Portland cement ( third reoision )4
16
IS t 10262- 1982
17
IS I 10262- 1982
18
IS : 10262 - 1982
19
ISr10262.1982
APPENDIX D
( Clause 4.1 )
DETAILS OF TRIAL MIX
*Water-cement ratio.
20
IS:10262-1982
Costiwedfroti page 2 )
Members Repesentin,o
kRI c. R. ALIMCHANDANI Stup Consultants Lrd, Bomtay
SHRI M. C. TANUON (Alternate )
D E P u T Y DIIUXT~I~, STANDARDS Research, Designs and Standards Organization
(B&S) ( Ministry of Railways ), Lucknow
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR,
STAN~AI~DS ( M/C ) ( Alternate )
DIRECTOR Engineering Research Laboratories, Hyderabad
DIRECTOR (C & MDD) Central Water Commission, New Delhi
DEPUTY DIRECTOR ( C & MDD )
( Alternate )
SHRI T. A. E. D’SA The Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SHIU N. C. DUQQAL ( Alternate )
SHRI M. P. GAJAPATHY RAO Public Works and Housing Department, Bombay
Ssxz V. K. GHANEEA~ Structural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR),
Roorkee
SHRI V. Ii. GUPTA Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army Headquarters,
New Delhi
SHRI D. K. DINKAR ( Alternafe )
SARI J. S.. HINQO~ANI Associated Consulting Services, Bombay
SEIRI A. P. REX~EDIOS(Alternate)
SHRI P. J. JAGUS The Associated Cement Companies Ltd, Bombay
SHIU M. I<. VJNAYA~A (Altcrnatc 1
SHRI K. c. KAnAMoilANnANr Engineers India Ltd, New Delhi
SRRI N. K. G~PTA ( Alternate )
SllRI K. K. KIIANNA National Buildings Organization, Ntw Deihi
SHRI K. S. SXINIVASAN (Alkmat~ )
SHRI G. K. MAJUMDAR Hindustan Prefab Ltd, New Delhi
SIIRI hi. KUNDU ( AlterflUte)
SURI P. V. NAIK The Hindustan Construction Co Ltd, Bombay
SHRI V. M. MAD~E ( Alternate )
SHRI K. K. NAMBIAR In personal capacity ( ‘Ramonolq~a II First Crescent
Park Roan, Gandhinogar, Adyar, Madras )
SURI Y. R. PnnLL Central Road Research Institute (CSIK), New
Delhi
SHRI M. R. CHATTERJEE ( Aifernote )
SARI A. S. PRASADA RAO StrugayJaingineering Research Centre (CSIR),
21
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