609 Digital Magazine

FACULTAD DE CONTADURIA Y
ADMINISTRACION
ALAN FERNANDEZ MENDOZA

ESTRADA GUTIERREZ FRANCISCO JESUS
ANGEL ALEXIS LUIS JUAN HEREDIA
DANNA SAOLA WONG CARRION
ANDRES HERNANDEZ GONZALEZ
ANDRIK ERIK YAÑEZ LEOS
CLAUDIA PINEDA
HERNANDEZ
ENGLISH I
1ST SEMESTER
INDEX
Introduction_____________________________3
Simple Present__________________________4
Subject Pronouns_______________________6
There is, There are______________________8
Preposition IN, ON , AT_________________9
This, These, That, Those ______________ 11
Conversation 1__________________________13
Conversation 2__________________________14
Conversation 3__________________________15
Conclusion_______________________________16
INTRODUCTION
THE GRAMMAR OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS A
STRUCTURED SYSTEM OF RULES AND PRINCIPLES THAT
GOVERN HOW WORDS ARE CONSTRUCTED AND COMBINED
TO FORM MEANINGFUL SENTENCES. UNDERSTANDING
GRAMMAR IS ESSENTIAL FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION IN
ENGLISH, AS IT PROVIDES THE NECESSARY GUIDELINES FOR
CREATING COHERENT AND UNDERSTANDABLE PHRASES.
ENGLISH GRAMMAR CONSISTS OF SEVERAL PARTS,
INCLUDING SYNTAX (THE ARRANGEMENT OF WORDS IN A
SENTENCE), MORPHOLOGY (THE STRUCTURE AND FORM OF
WORDS), AND SEMANTICS (THE MEANING OF WORDS AND
SENTENCES). KEY ELEMENTS OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR INCLUDE
NOUNS, ADJECTIVES, VERBS, ADVERBS, PREPOSITIONS,
PRONOUNS, AND CONJUNCTIONS.
IN ADDITION, ENGLISH GRAMMAR ENCOMPASSES
DIFFERENT VERB TENSES, VERB MOODS, PASSIVE VOICE,
GENDER AND NUMBER AGREEMENT, AS WELL AS RULES FOR
FORMING QUESTIONS AND NEGATIONS. IT ALSO INCLUDES
PUNCTUATION AND THE CORRECT USE OF SYMBOLS SUCH
AS COMMAS, PERIODS, SEMICOLONS, AND QUOTATION
MARKS, WHICH ARE ESSENTIAL FOR CLARITY AND
COHERENCE IN WRITING.
MASTERING ENGLISH GRAMMAR REQUIRES CONSTANT
PRACTICE AND FAMILIARITY WITH ITS RULES AND
EXCEPTIONS. HOWEVER, UNDERSTANDING THESE
GRAMMATICAL FUNDAMENTALS PROVIDES A SOLID
FOUNDATION FOR EXPRESSING ONESELF CLEARLY AND
ACCURATELY IN ENGLISH, BOTH IN WRITING AND SPEECH.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
The simple present tense is used to
describe habits, unchanging
situations, general truths, and fixed
arrangements.
RULES
S + V(s/es) + O
S + don/t/doesn/t + V (base form) + O
Do/does + S + V (base form) + O ?

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
ACTIVITY
Complete the following sentences.
1.- My friend _____ me. (help)
2.- I _____ late on Saturday. (sleep)
3.- He ______ to beach every weekend. (go)
4.- They ______ go to college daily. (go)
5.- Kids do not ______ the medicines. (like)
6.- Do you ______ some help? (need)
7.- Does he ______ to take admission in college? (want)
8.- Do you ______ to play chess? (like)
9.- She _______ how to speak spanish. (know)
10.- Does David ______ game properly? (play)

Subject Pronouns
RULE
The form/case of the pronoun must reflect how it
functions in the sentence. If the pronoun acts as the
subject it takes the nominative form/case. If the
pronoun acts as the object, it takes the objective
form/case. If the pronoun reflects ownership, it takes
the possessive form /case.
Example
I go to school every day. (The pronoun ‘I’ is doing the action of going to
school every day and is the subject in the sentence)
We are travelling to Paris next week. (The pronoun ‘we’ refers to the subject
who is currently doing the action of travelling to Paris)
He will be meeting Nina tomorrow. (The pronoun ‘he’ is the subject who
will be performing the action of meeting Nina the next day)
She is writing a letter to her cousin. (The pronoun ‘she’ is the subject in the
sentence that is currently performing the action of writing a letter to her
cousin)
Did you get the book you were looking for? (The pronoun ‘you’ is the
subject pronoun in the sentence)
They will be playing the final match in Australia. (The pronoun ‘they’ is the
subject who will be playing the final match in Australia)
Exercise
There is - There are
When are “there is” and
“there are” used? We use “there RULES
is” and “there are” to express
the existence of something, as
is done in Spanish with the
verb “to have” in situations like
this: There is someone at the
door
EXAMPLES
ACTIVITY
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES CHOOSING THE CORRECT OPTION USING

THERE IS - THERE ARE
1. BOOK ON THE CHAIR.

2. ANY MILK IN THE FRIDGE
3. SOME TEA IN THE POT.
4. TWENTY CHILDREN IN THE CLASS.
5. TWO BEDS IN YOUR BEDROOM
6. INTERNET CAFÉ IN THE TOWN?
7, THREE DOGS IN THE GARDEN.
PREPOSITION IN, ON , AT
In: Used for longer periods of time, such as

months, years, seasons, decades,
centuries RULES
On: Used with days of the week, specific
dates, and holidays
1. A preposition should have an
At: Used with precise times of day
object.
2. The term "pre-position" implies
placing before.
3. A pronoun used after a
preposition must be in the object
form.
4. Verb cannot be an object of the
preposition
5. Do not mix up the prepositions
ACTIVITY
THIS,
THESE,
THAT,
THOSE
This, that, these and those are
demonstratives. We use this, that, these
and those to point to people and things.
This and that are singular. These and
those are plural. We use them as
determiners and pronouns.
Rules
We use this (singular) and
This is my bag. these (plural) to talk about
That is her things close to us, and that
(singular) and those (plural) to
computer. talk about things at some
These are her distance away from us
pens.
Those are his
books.
Conversation 1
James: Good morning, Professor Austin, how are you
doing?
Professor Austin: Good morning, James. I am doing well.

And you?
James: I´m Great, thank you, This is my friend Emma.

She is thinking about applying to this college. She has a
few questions. Would you mind telleing us about the
process, please?
Professor Austin: Hello, Emma! It´s a pleasure to meet

you. I´m more than happy to speak with you. Please
stop by my office next week
Emma: It´s a pleasure to meet you, professor. Thank you

so much for helping us.
Professor Austin: Don´t mention it. Hopefully, I will be

able to answer you questions!
Conversation 2
LUKE: Hello? Hi, Stephanie, how are things at the office?
STEPHANIE: Hi, Luke! How are you? Can you please stop
and pick up extra paper for the computer printer?
LUKE: What did you say? Can you repeat that, please?
Did you say to pick up ink for for the printer? Sorry, the
phone is cutting out.
STEPHANIE: Can you hear me now? No, I need more

computer paper. Listen, I’ll text you exactly what I need.
Thanks, Luke. Talk to you later.
LUKE: Thanks, Stephanie. Sorry, my phone has really

bad reception here.
Conversation 3
MEG: Well, hello there, Julia! Long time no see!
JULIA: Meg! Hi! What a coincidence! I haven’t seen you in

ages! What are you doing here?
MEG: I just got a new job in the city, so I’m shopping for
some clothes. Hey, what do you think of this shirt?
JULIA: Hmmm... well, you know how much I love blue.

See? I’ve got the same shirt!
MEG: You always did have good taste! What a small

world.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding English grammar is essential for

effective communication in the English language. Grammar
serves as the backbone of language, providing the rules and
principles necessary for constructing coherent and meaningful
sentences. From the arrangement of words in a sentence
(syntax) to the structure and form of words (morphology), and
even to the nuances of meaning (semantics), grammar
encompasses various aspects that contribute to clear
communication.
Mastering English grammar requires continuous practice and
familiarity with its rules, exceptions, and nuances. It involves
learning different verb tenses, understanding verb moods,
mastering the use of punctuation, and grasping the intricacies
of sentence structure. While it may seem daunting at first,
acquiring proficiency in grammar provides individuals with the
tools needed to express themselves accurately and effectively in
both written and spoken English.
Moreover, a solid understanding of grammar not only
enhances one's ability to communicate but also fosters
confidence and clarity in expression. Whether writing an essay,
delivering a presentation, or engaging in everyday conversation,
a strong command of English grammar enables individuals to
convey their thoughts and ideas with precision and coherence.
In essence, while mastering English grammar may require
dedication and effort, the rewards are significant. It empowers
individuals to communicate fluently and confidently, facilitating
meaningful interactions and connections in both personal and
professional settings.

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FACULTAD DE CONTADURIA Y

ALAN FERNANDEZ MENDOZA

S + don/t/doesn/t + V (base form) + O

Do/does + S + V (base form) + O ?

1.- My friend _____ me. (help)

2.- I _____ late on Saturday. (sleep)

3.- He ______ to beach every weekend. (go)

4.- They ______ go to college daily. (go)

5.- Kids do not ______ the medicines. (like)

6.- Do you ______ some help? (need)

7.- Does he ______ to take admission in college? (want)

8.- Do you ______ to play chess? (like)

9.- She _______ how to speak spanish. (know)

10.- Does David ______ game properly? (play)

COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES CHOOSING THE CORRECT OPTION USING

1. BOOK ON THE CHAIR.

In: Used for longer periods of time, such as

Professor Austin: Good morning, James. I am doing well.

James: I´m Great, thank you, This is my friend Emma.

Professor Austin: Hello, Emma! It´s a pleasure to meet

Emma: It´s a pleasure to meet you, professor. Thank you

Professor Austin: Don´t mention it. Hopefully, I will be

STEPHANIE: Can you hear me now? No, I need more

LUKE: Thanks, Stephanie. Sorry, my phone has really

JULIA: Meg! Hi! What a coincidence! I haven’t seen you in

JULIA: Hmmm... well, you know how much I love blue.

MEG: You always did have good taste! What a small

In conclusion, understanding English grammar is essential for

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