Steam Turbine Operation and Maintenance Manual-1

Khulna 225 MW Combined-cycle
Power Plant
Steam Turbine
Operation and Maintenance Manual
Issued on 2016-00-00 Implemented on 2016-00-00

Foreword
The Manual is prepared according to instructions of equipment manufacturer and related
technical data with a view to unifying normalization, routinization and standardization of operation.
The Manual is formulated to standardize operation and adapt to requirements of power production
in the power plant.
Drafted by:
Approved by:
Table of Contents
1. Scope of application .................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 The Specification has specified parameters, methods, normal operation and maintenance
standards and handling method of abnormal operation to be followed by operation of steam
turbine equipment..................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 The Specification is applicable to equipment to be maintained by the operation post in the
charge of steam turbine operator. .............................................................................................. 1
1.3 The following personnel shall thoroughly understand the Manual: ...................................... 1
1.4 Personnel in other posts of steam turbine operation shall be familiar with related part of the
Specification. ........................................................................................................................... 1
2. Overview of steam turbine ........................................................................................................ 1
3. Introduction to all systems of steam turbine ............................................................................... 2
3.2 Lubricating oil system ........................................................................................................ 4
3.3 Function of EH oil system .................................................................................................. 6
3.4 Condensate water system .................................................................................................... 7
3.4 Shaft seal cooler ................................................................................................................. 8
3.5 Rubber ball cleaning system ............................................................................................... 9
3.6 Vacuum device ................................................................................................................. 11
3.7 Condensor ........................................................................................................................ 11
4.1 Specification for steam turbine of steam turbine ............................................................... 14
4.2 Specification of generator ................................................................................................. 15
4.3 Specification of shaft seal cooler ...................................................................................... 15
Equipment parameters of iron filter ........................................................................................ 16
4.4 Specification of bypass system ......................................................................................... 16
4.6 Specification of condensor ................................................................................................ 19
4.7 Specification of oil system equipment: ............................................................................. 19
4.8 Specification of EH system ............................................................................................... 22
4.9 Specification of drain water flash tank of equipment proper.............................................. 22
4.10 Pressure reducer and attemperator for LP gland sealing steam supply ............................. 23
4.11 Specification of rubber ball device .................................................................................. 23
Pump specification ................................................................................................................. 24
4.12 Vacuum pump specifications ................................................................42
4.13 Condensate water pump specifications ............................................................................ 24
4.14 Specifications for circulating water pump ....................................................................... 26
4.15 Air compressor specifications ......................................................................................... 27
4.16 Water spraying system for low-pressure cylinder ............................................................ 28
4.17 HP air vent valve ............................................................................................................ 28
4.18 Temperature settings of turbine steam seal system .......................................................... 28
5 Tests for steam turbine and auxiliary equipment ......................................................................... 29
5.1 Axial displacement protection test .................................................................................... 29
5.2 Low lube oil pressure protection test on steam turbine ...................................................... 29
5.3 EH oil pump linkage test .................................................................................................. 30
5.4 Test for HP, IP, LP main steam valve, governing valve and air vent valve of HP exhuast ... 30
5.5 Protective action of and test for LP cylinder water spraying device ................................... 31
5.6 Low vacuum protection test .............................................................................................. 33
5.7 Pressure ratio protection test for HP cylinder .................................................................... 34
5.8 Tightness test for vacuum system...................................................................................... 34
5.9 Overspeed test .................................................................................................................. 35
5.10 Tightness test for HP, IP main steam valve and governing steam valve ............................ 36
5.11 Load rejection test .......................................................................................................... 37
5.12 Tests for pumps .............................................................................................................. 38
6 Requirements for steam turbine start-up, operation and precautions............................................ 41
6.1 Basic requirements ........................................................................................................... 41
6.2 The performance of speed regulating system of steam turbine shall meet the following
requirements........................................................................................................................... 41
6.3 The steam turbine shall not be started in the following cases............................................. 42
6.4 Instructions to steam turbine operators during the normal operation of unit....................... 42
6.5 Security items and action value of steam turbine ............................................................... 43
6.6 Regulations on major and important operation .................................................................. 43
6.7 Requirements for switchover and operation of equipment system ..................................... 44
6.8 Matters need attention for steam turbine ........................................................................... 44
7. Start-up, normal maintenance and shutdown of steam turbine.................................................... 45
7.1 Division of start-up states .............................................................................................. 45
7.2 Check and preparation work before start-up of unit........................................................... 45
7.3 Cold start-up requirements for unit............................................................................ 49
7.4 Sliding start-up requirements of unit ................................................................................. 50
7.5 Shutdown operation .................................................................................................. 55
7.6 Matters need attentions for shutdown ........................................................................ 56
7.7 Processing principles for protective actions ............................................................... 57
8. Auxiliary equipment of steam turbine ..................................................................................... 57
8.1 Operation and maintenance of rotating equipment..................................................... 57
8.2 Condensate water pump ............................................................................................ 60
8.3 Circulating water pump............................................................................................. 62
8.4 Water-ring vacuum pump .......................................................................................... 63
8.5 Condensor ........................................................................................................................ 65
8.6 Requirements of lube oil system ....................................................................................... 67
8.7 Startup and stop of oil purifier................................................................................... 68
8.8 Jacking oil pump and turning device ......................................................................... 71
8.9 EH oil system ................................................................................................................... 73
8.10 Rubber ball cleaning device ............................................................................................ 81
8.11 Secondary filter screen.................................................................................................... 83
8.12 Pressure test for main steam system ................................................................................ 84
8.13 Hydralic test for main steam system ............................................................................... 85
9 Accident handling ...................................................................................................................... 86
9.1 Principles for accident handling ........................................................................................ 86
9.2 Emergency shutdown with fault ........................................................................................ 87
9.3 Handling for the loss of vacuum of condensor .................................................................. 89
9.4 Water impact of steam turbine .......................................................................................... 91
9.5 Increase of axial displacement .......................................................................................... 92
9.6 Abnormal vibration and sound .......................................................................................... 92
9.7 Load shedding to zero....................................................................................................... 93
9.8 Complete shutdown of plant power................................................................................... 95
9.9 Oil leakage of oil system .................................................................................................. 96
9.10 Fire ................................................................................................................................. 97
9.11 Regulations for emergency handling of important auxiliary motor .................................. 97
10 DCS system operation specification ......................................................................................... 98
11 Operating specification of air compressor ................................................................................. 98
12 Maintenance after shutdown ..................................................................................................... 99
13 Attached tables ....................................................................................................................... 101
Attached Table I: Table of Water Steam Saturation Pressure-Temperature Relation............... 101
Attached Table 2: Water Quality Standard of Steam Turbine ................................................. 101
Attached Table 3: Requirement for Auxiliary Steam for Gland Sealing Steam Supply .......... 181
Attached Table 4: Quality Standard of #32 Turbine oil of Steam Turbine .............................. 102
Attached Table 5: Quality Standard of H Phosphate Fire Resistant Oil.................................. 102
Attachment: Steam and water system flow diagram of steam turbine…………………………185
1. Scope of application
1.1 The Specification has specified parameters, methods, normal operation and maintenance
standards and handling method of abnormal operation to be followed by operation of steam turbine
equipment.
1.2 The Specification is applicable to equipment to be maintained by the operation post in the
charge of steam turbine operator.
1.3 The following personnel shall thoroughly understand the Specification:
A) General manager, deputy general manager in charge of production, chief (Deputy Chief)
engineer.
B) Shift leader and deputy shift leader.
C) Director of safe production department and professionals.
D) Manager, deputy manager of power generation department and professional engineer of
steam turbine.
E) Unit foreman, steam turbine main operator, operator and inspector of steam turbine
operation.
1.4 Personnel in other posts of steam turbine operation shall be familiar with related part of
Specification.
2. Overview of steam turbine
The steam turbine is a combined-cycle unit provided with France Alstom gas turbine for
multi-shaft one-to-one unit. The steam turbine is of triple pressure, reheat, single-cylinder,
downward exhaust and condensed steam type (LZN80-7.89/3.46/0.51). The dimension of body of
steam turbine is 8620X11000X4082, with total weight of 224T. The unit is subject to
double-cylinder symmetrical arrangement with high and intermediate pressure cylinders and
low-pressure cylinder. The flow passage of steam turbine is composed of three parts, high, medium
and low parts characterized with adoption of downward exhaust and large exhaust area. The
cylinder is composed of front part and low-pressure cylinder. The cylinder is equipped with
diaphragm sleeve, diaphragm, gland sealing and other stator subcomponents which constitute the
flow passage of steam turbine along with rotor. The front part of cylinder is of ZG15Cr1Mo1 steel
with allowable working temperature of casting no more than 566℃. The low-pressure cylinder is of
welding structure. Vertical flange is adopted to connect the front part of cylinder and low-pressure
cylinder. At the time of installation in the power plant, the connection part on the surface of vertical
flange shall be coated with cylinder sealing coating to improve airtightness. Afterwards, it shall be
linked into a whole with bolt. After being tightened with bolt, the connection part of vertical flange
shall be provided with seal weld. Two parts, front part of cylinder and low-pressure cylinder are
divided to upper and lower parts to be connected with horizontal split flange. To enhance startup
flexibility and adapt to rapid start and stop, peak-shaving and other characteristics of unit, the
cylinder is a tapered cylinder with single-layer structure. The front part of cylinder is of high-low
flange and provided with bolt heating structure.
As the temperature of all components changes drastically at the time of startup, stop and
normal operation of steam turbine, heat displacement in different directions is caused. To guide
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displacement direction and ensure safe operation of unit, reasonable sliding key system is designed.
The cylinder keeps at a fixed dead point relative to the basis through vertical and horizontal keys,
called absolute dead point. Its position is in the point of intersection between unit centerline and
horizontal key centerline of base frame at the side of low-pressure cylinder. When the steam turbine
is starting, the cylinder expands towards the head of steam turbine with the point as dead point. At
the same time, the bearing box is promoted by the horizontal key under the lug in the front part of
cylinder to expand towards the head of steam turbine. Relative to the fixed point of stator (relative
to dead point), the rotor is in the rotor thrust disc in the front bearing box. When the unit is starting,
the rotor expands toward the generator from this. Horizontal expansion of steam turbine is guided
by vertical key under front bearing box and vertical expansion is guided by two vertical keys of
front bearing box and front part of cylinder as well as vertical key of rear cylinder and rear base
frame. Horizontal expansion is guided by the horizontal key under the lug in the front part of
cylinder and that on the base frame at the side of rear cylinder, which guarantees that the steam
turbine can freely swell as per specified direction during startup, stop and operation and the unit
center position is unchanged. To reduce frictional resistance at the time of sliding of front bearing
box and make the cylinder swell smoothly, self-lubricating block is installed at the bottom of front
bearing box to eliminate the friction between the bottom of box and surface of base frame. The base
frame bears the weight of unit cylinder, rotor and bearing box. The base frame is supported by iron
plate and fastened on the base by foundation bolt. After adjusting position and elevation, it shall be
fastened at the time of secondary grouting. The support rigidity of base frame has great impact on
bearing vibration. Once installation defect is formed, it will be difficult to be remedied. Hence,
quality must be guaranteed at the time of installation. The rotor of steam turbine is of monobloc
forging structure and overall length of rotor is 6819.5mm. The material of integral rotor is
25Cr2NiMo1V. External end face of first-stage and final-stage impeller of rotor is provided with
dovetail groove for balance weight and T-shaped groove for balance weight is made in the coupling
of steam turbine rotor.
During operation of steam turbine, owing to different operation conditions of cylinder and
rotor and mass-area ratio (namely the ratio between rotor or cylinder quality and heated surface
area), the expansion difference (hereinafter referred to as expansion difference) is caused, thus
changing axial clearance between rotor and stator. When axial dynamic and static clearances are too
large to cause friction between dynamic and static parts, it may cause major accident. Hence, during
start and stop of unit, expansion difference is one of main control indexes. To monitor expansion,
the base frame of front bearing box is provided with two measuring devices for absolute thermal
expansion of cylinder and the rear bearing box of steam turbine is furnished with relative expansion
measuring devices.
Main steam valve and reheat steam valve are composed of isolating valves arranged in front of
main steam and reheat steam pipes of steam turbine. These valves are of protection functions and
the protection device promotes the valve to cut off steam when necessary. Hence, the valve is
designed to close the valve in the shortest time under the premise of greatest safety and reliability.
In addition, the governing steam valve satisfies load requirements through regulating steam flow.
To facilitate overhaul and uniform cooling of rotor cylinder after shutdown, the unit is
provided with turing gear.
3. Introduction to all systems of steam turbine
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3.1 Main steam and bypass system
(1) System setup
The steam system includes high-pressure main steam system, reheat steam system and low-pressure
main steam system. The main steam is of unit system.
As for high-pressure main steam, the outlet of high-pressure reheater of heat recovery boiler lead
combined steam valve of steam turbine through pipeline (￠325×22). (Main steam valve and steam
regulating valve) are connected to steam turbine via air duct. At the time of unit operation at low
load and emergency shutdown, high-pressure main steam can also be taken as steam supply source
for shaft seal of steam turbine.
As for low-pressure main steam, the outlet of low-pressure reheater of heat recovery boiler
introduces LP make-up steam regulating valve of steam turbine through pipeline (￠377×10) and is
connected to steam turbine via air duct.
As for reheat steam, the steam exhaust port of steam turbine connects with heat recovery boiler
reheater through pipeline (￠377×13) and is connected outward through reheater outlet after being
heated in the reheater. Two intermediate pressure main steam valves of steam turbine are introduced
through pipeline (￠377×13) and intermediate pressure cylinder of steam turbine is connected via
air duct.
To improve unit startup conditions, adapt to rapidly rising and reducing load, and enhance unit
flexibility, high, low and intermediate pressure steam bypasses with 100% capacity are set up in the
system mainly to promptly discharge superfluous steam to the condensor at the time of unit startup
and ensure smooth startup of heat recovery boiler and steam turbine. High-pressure bypass steam is
introduced out from high-pressure pipeline and connected to low-temperature reheat steam pipeline
through high-pressure bypass valve; low-pressure bypass steam is introduced out from low-pressure
steam main pipeline and connected to condensor through low-pressure bypass valve; intermediate
pressure steam and bypass steam are introduced out from high-temperature reheat steam pipeline
and connected to condensor through reheat steam bypass valve. The throat part of condensor is
provided with Class-III intermediate pressure bypass decompression and attemperating device. The
attemperating water of low-pressure reheating bypass valve and Class-III decompression and
attemperating of condensor comes from condensation water at the outlet of condensate water pump.
The attemperating water of high-pressure bypass valve comes from water supply of feed water
pump.
(2) Main pipeline materials of system

Materials of main pipe and branch pipe of high-pressure main steam and high-pressure main steam
bypass pipeline are of: 12Cr1MoVG
Materials for main pipe and branch pipe of high-temperature reheat steam are of: 12Cr1MoVG
Materials of steam pipe after intermediate pressure bypass valve are of: Q235-B
低温再热蒸汽管道材料选用：12Cr1MoVG
Materials of low-temperature reheat steam pipeline are of: 12Cr1MoVG
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Materials of low-pressure main steam pipeline are of: 20
Materials of rear steam pipe of low-pressure bypass valve are of: Q235-B
3.2 Lubricating oil system
3.2.1 Design features of oil tank module:
As for large container oil tank module, main equipment is collectively installed on the top
plate of oil tank to save space and facilitate operation; the oil tank shall be designed to consider
sufficient circulating ratio and ensure that temperature of oil tank during operation does not exceed
80℃; the oil tank is provided with return oil filter screen inside to help remove large-particle
impurities in the system; the bottom of oil tank is provided with main oil discharge outlet and
emergency oil discharge outlet to satisfy emptying oil smoothly under normal and emergency
condition.
3.2.2. Design features of oil cooler component:
The system is provided with two oil coolers with one for operation and one for standby during
normal operation. Small combined-type oil cooler components are installed on the bottom plate to
facilitate on-site installation after oil cooler and reversing valve are assembled; the oil cooler is of
plate type and has advantages of high efficiency, strong reliability, compact structure, small cooling
water quantity and high economy;
The reversing valve is of ball valve type to be characterized with simple operation, smooth
switching and impossibility to be fuel cut-off in lubricating oil system owing to malfunction;
3.2.3. Design features of lubricating oil pump
The lubricating oil pump set is composed of two main oil pumps and one emergency oil pump.
During normal operation, in two main oil pumps, one is for operation and the other is for standby.
When AC power supply fault and main oil pump fails to operate normally, the emergency oil pump
supplies oil to the system;
Oil pumps are of reliable vertical submersible centrifugal oil pumps, with concise and compact
structure to be arranged on the top plate of oil tank; the oil pumps meets the requirements for
automatic starting, remote control and manual startup and stop. In addition, it is provided with
independent pressure switch, stop-automatic-operation control switches and possibility to operate
self-startup test valve of oil pump with solenoid valve; the emergency oil pump directly supplies oil
to the system not via oil cooler and oil filter in the system to ensure that oil in the lubricating oil
system will not be cut off at the time of equipment failure.
3.2.4. Design features of lubricating oil filter:
The system is provided with two Y-shaped filters. During normal operation, one is for
operation and the other is for spare.
Y-shaped filter is characterized with simple operation and stable switching.
Electronic-type differential pressure pinger is equipped. When the differential pressure reaches
certain value, the alarm will be given to prompt switching filter.
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3.2.5. Design features of jacking oil pump set and accessories:
The system is provided with two jacking oil pumps. During normal operation, one is for
operation and the other is for spare; jacking oil pump is of blade type pump and arranged on the top
plate of oil tank. Oil is taken from oil tank through oil suction pipe stretching under the liquid level;
the outlet of jacking oil pump is equipped with pressure control component, including pressure
control valve, flow control valve, high-pressure plate-type ball valve, etc. to ensure stable pressure
of jacking oil system. Jacking system lifts the rotor at the time of shutdown and turning to make
bearing pad sufficiently form oil film and prevent bearing abrasion. At the same time, owing to
lifted oil film of rotor during startup, resistance owing to impulsion will be reduced. The system is
equipped with duplex filter to ensure cleanliness of jacking oil system. The filter is furnished with
differential pressure switch to give alarm for filter element replacement at the time of blocked filter
element.
3.2.6 Characteristics of turning gear
Turning gear of unit is installed on the cover of rear bearing box of low-pressure rear exhaust
cylinder. Electro-hydraulic control and balance wheel-tangential engaging-in low-speed automatic
turning gear, cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer with compact structure and good performance
are adopted. The driving motor is of three-phase voltage AC415V, with rated power of 22kW and
motor speed of 730r/min. The two-stage gear drive ratio of reducer is 17:1 and rotation speed of
turning gear is 4.29r/min. The turning gear is of dynamic input mode. Namely, the turning motor is
firstly started. Then the balance wheel turns to meshed position under the effect of engaging and
drives the rotor to rotate. When the rotation speed of steam turbine exceeds that of turning gear, the
gear of turning gear is thrown off automatically. The turning gear is equipped with electro-hydraulic
control system to make remote operation or programmable control operation possible or manual
on-site operation. Continuous turning and intermittent turning is acceptable.
Lubricating oil and jacking oil system of turning gear of machine are correlated. Therefore,
jacking oil system begins to be put into operation when the turning gear starts. As for
commissioning and stop of turning gear, the oil inlet of jacking oil is controlled through solenoid
valve.
The rotation speed of turning gear is adjusted through adjusting flow rate of throttle valve.
Automatic turning speed of steam turbine is about 3.4r/min.
3.2.7.Oil fume purification and discharge device
Oil fume purification and discharge device is composed of a demister and two AC
motor-driven fans and installed on the top of oil tank. During normal operation, one is for operation
and another is for spare;
The fan is centrifugal and characterized with low noise, low vibration and long life. Under
limit flow status, the motor will not be overloaded to ensure safe operation; the demister is installed
at the suction inside of fan and crosses a series of filter screens installed in the demister by virtue of
gas, thus discharging liquid mixed with gas and sending it back to the oil tank. The inlet of demister
and each fan is installed with a “damper-type” butterfly valve which is manually controlled to
regulate the air flow of fan, and also regulate the vacuum degree of oil tank and shaft pedestal of
steam turbine; each fan equips with check valve to prevent system from reversing air flow.
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3.2.8 Design features of liquid level indicator:
The liquid level indicator adopts magnetic plate type level gauge what is installed on the upper
part of oil tank. It is characterized with corrosion resistance, simple structure and convenient
installation without the need of power supply.
Lubricating oil system of unit mainly supplies lubricating oil for steam turbine bearing,
generator bearing, thrust bearing and turning gear. The system is equipped with reliable main oil
supply equipment and auxiliary oil supply equipment to meet all oil requirement of steam turbine
generator set under turning gear, startup, shutdown, normal operation and emergency operation
condition. The lubricating oil system is a closed system and oil is stored in the oil tank. Main and
auxiliary oil pumps driven by AC motor or emergency oil pumps driven by DC motor supply
lubricating oil to all consumption points. When the main oil pump operates stably, and lubricating
oil pressure, temperature and flow can satisfy normal operation of steam turbine, the steam turbine
set can start. During the operation, the lubricating oil module can unconditionally continuously
satisfy oil supply for unit. When the steam turbine stops operation thoroughly and the turning stops,
the lubricating oil module can stop supplying oil. During normal operation of steam turbine set, to
satisfy normal operation of unit, the lubricating oil module will continuously operate.
Oil system of unit is divided to lubricating oil system of turbine oil and control oil system of
high-pressure fire-resistance oil (EH oil system). The two systems are mutually independent.
3.2.9. Oil purification equipment
The equipment can filter moisture, particle impurity and other pollutant in the lubricating oil of
steam turbine, destroy emulsion phase, ensure regeneration of lubricating oil, improve oil quality
under various operation conditions of unit and operate automatically and continuously. The device
is equiped with oil level indicator, oil level protection device, pressure gauge, differential pressure
switch, overpressure protection device and related devices.
The system control and operation meet full-automation requirements and can operate
continuously once it is commissioned. In addition, it has the capacity of automatic moisture
separating.
Oil purification device is setted with necessary sampling point to facilitate sampling inspection.
The oil purification device is provided with oil level detection and control device to prevent oil
leakage. After purification, there is no free water, no more than 50ppm. Treated oil quality does not
change the nature of lubricating oil or remove any addition or inhibitor from oil or increase oil
acidity. The proper of oil purification device is equipped with exhaust fume fan and demister to
discharge oil fume and water vapor in the equipment. To facilitate purification, electric heater is
installed to heat oil what temperature is lower than temperature of steam turbine room 5℃ to
required temperature under rated capacity of purification device. The heater shall be designed to
reduce carbon-bearing solid as much as possible. During normal operation, the noise of oil
purification device of steam turbine 1m away from equipment shell shall be no more than 85dB (A).
3.3 Function of EH oil system
DEH is a digital electro-hydraulic governing system of steam turbine and the heart and brain of
steam turbine set. Its function is to control startup, raising speed, on-load, load regulation of steam
turbine to ensure safe operation of steam turbine. Compared with old oil regulation system of steam
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turbine, it mainly realizes micro-computer-based and electronization purpose. Hence, it is a
revolutionary reform for control mode of steam turbine and current steam turbines almost all adopt
DEH control system.
3.4 Condensate water system
3.4.1 The condensate water system is equipped with two 100% condensate water pumps (each
pump is respectively provided with an inlet filter screen), a shaft-sealed cooler, a set of condensate
water polishing, condensate water recirculation, other user of condensate water, etc.
Economic operation condition of pump shall be in the peak efficiency area of characteristic
curve of pump. In the operation condition point, flow, head and efficiency are not allowed to have
negative deviation; cavitation allowance is not allowed to have positive deviation. Appropriate
allowance shall be made for the capacity of condensate water pump. The positive deviation scope of
flow and head is +3%. The allowance is generated under consideration of flow and head reduction
caused by abrasion. Under emergency condition, the pump and connected motor shall bear
instantaneous reversion.
Axial thrust of condensate water pump shall be borne by the thrust bearing of pump; the motor
and pump shall be of flexible connection.
The main thrust bearing is arranged on the upper part of pump and flexible coupling is adopted
to reduce requirements for coupling precision of motor and pump, simplify installation and
maintenance of pump set, more importantly, avoid transverse vibration of vertical pump owing to
precision of constant value of coupling with rigid coupling to the greatest extent. The axial thrust of
pump is borne by inclinable pad-type thrust bearing for oil bath lubrication configured by itself. The
radial bearing of condensate water pump is of self-lubricating water guide bearing, characterized
with long service life, abrasive resistance and good containment to allow instantaneous dry rotation
at the time of pump cavitation under emergency condition, allow small impurity particle in
condensate water occasionally. So it is not prone to be blocked. Minimum flow of condensate water
pump shall be no more than 25% of rated flow.
During parallel operation of pump, the spare pump can start within 10-15 seconds and reach
designed value. Annual operation hours of pump shall be no less than 8000h/year as operation
reliability index of equipment.
The condensate water pump shall be suitable for operation parameter requirements of various
different operation conditions of unit and the body of condensate water pump shall bear the impact
of instantaneous thermal shock. The first-stage impeller shall be of material with good
anti-cavitation performance and inducer shall be added in structure to prevent the occurrence form
of cavitation. Under any operation condition, the necessary cavitation allowance of height device
between flange centerline at the suction inlet of condensate water pump and the first-stage impeller
shall be guaranteed. The material of first-stage impeller shall be of good anti-cavitation
performance and casting performance. Welding-type impeller is not allowed to be used. The
diameter of impeller for model selection shall not exceed 95% of maximum allowable diameter and
shall be at least 10mm less than maximum allowable diameter. The shaft shall be of alloy steel
35CrMo material.
The inlet and outlet of condensate water pump is provided with air vent and the bottom of
cylinder is provided with pump case drain hole. Port for pressure measuring is provided in the inlet
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and outlet pipeline.
The shaft seal of condensate water pump is recommended to be of mechanical seal series
product with good sealing property, convenient installation, dismantling and maintenance without
visually leakage; continuous stable operation time shall be ensured to be no less than 8000h.
The calculation value for the first critical speed of rotation of condensate water pump is no less
than 125% of rated rotation speed.
The filter screen at the inlet of condensate water pump is respectively provided with coarse and
fine filter screens. The coarse filter screen is used during initial operation period of unit and the fine
filter screen is used during normal operation of unit to reduce resistance of system medium. The
filter screen is furnished with differential pressure alarm device at the front and back.
Besides maintaining normal water level of condensor and supplying water to boiler, the
condensate water pump supplies spraying water of low-pressure cylinder of steam turbine,
attemperating water of intermedium and low-pressure bypass, auxiliaries bearing of heat recovery
boiler, shaft seal attemperator, main steam supply shaft-seal attemperator, spraying water of water
curtain of condensor, attemperating water of temperature and pressure reduction device of
condensor; at the same time, it provides makeup water for vacuum pump, injects water to water seal
of cooler and provides seal water for vacuum breaking valve and condensate water pump bearing.
(Specific action of spraying water in cylinder is described in the specification).
3.4.2 Make-up water and drainage system
Demi water in the plant provides makeup water for the condensor as supplementary water
source and adds water to the heat recovery boiler at the time of startup. The makeup pipeline of
condensor is provided with two-way parallel arrangement, with one larger caliber and one smaller
caliber. At the time of startup operation condition, the makeup water quantity is enormous and
enters the condensor via motor-driven valve (￠57×3); during normal operation condition, the
makeup water quantity is small. When the hot well of condensor is at low water level, makeup
water is regulated through bypass regulating valve ￠38×2 .5 before entering the condensor. When
the hot well of condensor is at high water level (under the premise of high water level of deaerator),
the regulating valve of drain pipe (￠108×4) is opened to discharge water to zero pressure water
discharging pipe.
3.4.3 Recirculation system
To maintain the vacuum of steam-seal cooler, sufficient condensate water flow is required to
pass through the steam-seal cooler to condensate air leakage. Therefore, minimum flow
recirculation pipe of system is introduced out from the pipeline behind the steam-seal cooler and
returns to the condensor. Minimum flow shall be designed in the circulation pipeline according to
bigger flow in minimum allowable flows of condensate water pump and steam-seal cooler to ensure
safe operation of condensate water pump under startup, low-load operation condition and normal
operation of steam turbine steam seal system. As for minimum flow, regulating valve is provided on
the recirculation pipeline to control recirculation flow under different operation conditions.
3.4 Shaft-sealed cooler
(Shaft seal steam supply system and shaft seal steam supply requirements are described in the
specification)
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When the steam turbine adopts internal-leakage shaft seal system, shaft seal heater or (shaft
seal cooler) is generally provided to heat condensate water, recycle shaft seal steam leakage, reduce
shaft seal steam leakage and heat quantity loss and improve the environment condition in the
workshop. Air entering along with shaft seal steam leakage will be exhausted through
micro-negative pressure imposed by shaft and accumulate and condensate in the shaft to ensure
micro vacuum status of shaft seal heater. Therefore, the first chamber of all shaft seals also keeps at
micro vacuum status and shaft seal steam is not leaked.
Function: used to extract steam-gas mixture of steam seal system of steam turbine and prevent
steam from leaking into steam turbine room and oil system from end steal seal and pollute
environment and destroy oil quality. These steam-gas mixtures are cooled into water in the shaft
seal cooler, heat condensate water and residual condensated gas is exhausted to the atmosphere by
the exhaust fan. The drain water of shaft seal cooler flows into condensor what is vacuum
automatically to prevent condensor from air leakage, therefore, water sealing is equipped.
3.5 Rubber ball cleaning system
The rubber ball cleaning equipment puts rubber with slightly larger inner diameter than heat
exchange pipe of condensor to the water side of condensor and the rubber ball eliminates sewage in
the inner wall of heat exchange pipe through heat exchange pipe of condensor to ensure continuous
cleanliness of heat exchange pipe of condensor, guarantee heat exchange efficiency of condensor
and thus ensure the overall efficiency of steam turbine generator set. The system is equipped with
ball collector, rubber ball pump, ball collecting screen and distributor.
The rubber ball cleaning device of condensor ensures safety and reliability and can operate
automatically and manually according to the commissioning procedure. It is capable of operating
normally under various operation conditions of steam turbine. When the rubber ball cleaning device
of condensor is commissioned, all rubber balls distributed uniformly in the condensor water room
shall enter the condensor pipe bundle and effectively clean inner wall of pipe to maintain cleaning
coefficient of cooling water pipe of condensor over 0.95. The rubber ball cleaning system ensures
that the ball collection rate is over 95%. The unit can keep the cooling pipe of condensor clean
when the rubber ball cleaning device is commissioned. The rubber ball cleaning system is subject to
automatic control operation mode of operation for 2 hours every day and ball collection for half an
hour to continuously maintain pipe bundle of condensor clean. At the same time, electric and
manual control modes are provided for spare use. When the rubber ball is put into operation, the
water resistance is no more than 3.0kPa with normal operation of ball collecting screen. Rubber ball
pump: rubber ball delivery pump is motor-driven, horizontal type, single-stage, terminal suction
type. The rubber ball pump is characterized with wide flow, low rotation speed, small volume and
suitability for long-time continuous operation. Ball collecting screen: Ball collecting screen shall be
designed to prevent ball blocking and leakage. The ball collecting screen is of reversed V-shaped
arrangement and provided with guide plate to effectively improve flow field, eliminate dead zone
and make ball ejecting smoother. Each piece of screen plate is manually assembled by coarse screen
and fine screen and the space ring is furnished in the middle. The whole mesh plate is free from
welding, 0.04MPa. The connection part between screen plate and cylinder body is smooth and the
maximum clearance under ball collection status is no more than 4mm. According to rubber ball size
and water flow condition, optimal pitch of screen plate is selected to be 7mm to prevent ball
blocking and leakage. The ball collecting screen is horizontally installed on the outlet pipe for
cooling water of condensor and two ball collecting screens are arranged symmetrically. The ball
Page 9 of 1
collecting screen shall be designed to have good hydraulic characteristics to prevent the screen plate
from vibration under water flow shock; at the same time, pre-tightening measures are taken to
prevent the screen plate from vibration under water flow shock.
The ball collecting screen and its body have sufficient rigidity and they will not deform under
effect of pipeline, which will not influence normal operation of ball collecting screen.
The ball collecting screen is of electric actuator. The actuator has sufficient transfer torque and
thrust and can still operate normally when differential pressure at the front and back of screen plate
reaches the highest and supply voltage is at the lower limit of permitted scope. All rotation
components shall be ensured to rotate flexibly and not be blocked. The electric actuator is provided
with hand wheel and stop block. The electric actuator of ball collecting screen and main shaft of
ball collecting screen are connected through thrust gear and the connection mode ensures that
manual operation is permitted and single common person is only required to open or close the
screen plate when the differential pressure of ball collection screen plate reaches the highest value;
principle followed by design of mechanical part of manual operation and electric actuator is: No
danger will be caused to operators or equipment at the time of hand wheel operation or action of
actuator. The driving mechanism shall be provided with torque protection switch, adjustable stroke
control switch to prevent on-off operation from exceeding allowable position.
The ball collecting screen and circulating water pipeline are of flanged connection. The ball
collecting screen is provided with hinged manhole door. Connection pipes for measurement of
differential pressure are provided at the water inlet and outlet of ball collecting screen.
Ball collector: the volume of ball collector is 3 times bigger than the volume of normal rubber
ball in-running quantity and the rubber ball channel is smooth. The ball collector is equipped with
motor-drivend changeover valve and connector available for exhaust and drainage and the water
inlet is equipped with check valve to prevent water flow and backflow of rubber ball. In rubber
cleaning system, the ball collector changeover valve is electrically controlled and it can realize
function of ball collection and operation. The electric actuating mechanism with reliable
performance will be adopted and the actuator is flexible and convenient with no valve blocking
balls. The layout location of rubber ball collector as well as inlet and outlet connecting pipe can
ensure uniform ball addition and no ball blocking. The inlet and outlet connecting pipe of ball
collector is connected by flange and it is equipped with ball valve.
Rubber ball: the rubber ball will be put into operation according to 7% to 10% of number of
unilateral pipes with single path specified in power industry standard. There are 600 to 800 balls in
each machine. The rubber ball has a certain rigidity and high resilience and the pores on rubber ball
are uniform and the connection and water absorption between pores are strong. The specific gravity
of wet ball is close to that of water. After the rubber balls enter water chamber, they will be
uniformly suspended from bottom to top of water chamber, thus ensuring every cooling water pipe
from bottom to top is cleaned. No plastic ball is allowed to be used. The rubber ball is uniform in
density and it has good recovery performance. When it operates in 5 to 45℃ water temperature, the
diameter of wet rubber ball shall not exceed 0.5mm of diameter of dry rubber ball. In operation, the
diameter of rubber ball is 0.5 to 1mm bigger than inner diameter of condensor pipe. The rubber ball
shall remain stable in operation so as to prevent rubber ball from blocking cooling water pipe. In
24-hour continuous operation, the service life of rubber ball is more than 6 weeks. Ball valve with
flange will be used in rubber ball cleaning system. The service life of equipment shall be ensured to
Page 10 of 1
be 30 years and the annual operating hours shall be no less than 8000 hours. Provided rubber ball
cleaning equipment can be in 24-hour continuous operation and the maximum continuous operating
time can be up to 4 to 6 weeks.
3.6 Vacuum condensation device
The unit adopts water-ring vacuum pump and this vacuum pump is good for operation
especially that it can solve the problem that low vacuum degree can not ensure full-load operation
in summer. The pumping rate of water-ring vacuum pump is extremely high and the pumping
volume is very large. In normal operation in summer, the vacuum degree can be up to more than
0.09Mpa, which can far meet requirements of operation in summer.
The unit steam consumption of unit’s electricity generation can be reduced, thus greatly
improving efficiency of power generation. Loss of vacuum will happen to the steam turbine in its
operation especially in summer and the vacuum of condensor has great influence of economical
efficiency of steam turbine operation. In case other conditions remain unchanged, once the vacuum
degree changes 1%, the steam rate of steam turbine will change 1% to 5% on the average, the coal
consumption will change about 1% to 1.5% and the generated output will change about 1%. Several
millions of benefits will be brought annually.
The safe operation has good performance. In design, effective measures are taken for vacuum
pump to prevent the atmosphere entering condensor and thus damage the vacuum in equipment
shutdown or fault. For example, pneumatic or electric butterfly valve will be adopted for vacuum
pump inlet and the sealing will be carried out on the check valve so as to prevent vacuum pump
from causing vacuum flowing backward in process of switchover. It has good sensitivity and
leakproofness. In case of any fault, the check valve installed at the inlet will rapidly disconnect the
vacuum pump with the system first of all; and then the butterfly valve is closed to ensure sealing of
system. Moreover, the vacuum pump has characteristics such as extremely low maintenance amount
and extremely low fault rate. Besides, another advantage is that high vacuum can reduce steam
consumption, thus reducing axial thrust of steam turbine and avoiding threat on the safety of unit.
The staff’s working environment is improved for the reason that the water ring vacuum pump has
low noise.
One motor-driven vacuum breaking valve is equipped at the side of condensor shell to break
the vacuum in emergency shutdown of unit caused by accident, thus increasing back-pressure of
condensor and shortening idling time of steam turbine.
3.7 Condensor
The function of condensor is to condensate exhaust steam of steam turbine into water to
eliminate unsaturated gas and then establish and maintain a certain vacuum degree at steam exhaust
port of steam turbine. Besides, it can collect and condensate the steam in bypass operation.
The exhaust steam shall be condensated into water to maintain system circulation. The
condensor will condensate steam under the minimum possible pressure in nearly absolute vacuum,
thus increasing the available thermal gradient of steam turbine.
The tube bundle at exhaust condensation surface of steam turbine consists of thin walled tube
with relatively high heat transfer coefficient. Enough channel between tube bundle is setted to
ensure smooth circulation of steam. To prevent the condensate water of upper tube bundle being
Page 11 of 1
directly flushed onto the lower tube bundle and thus damage the cooling tube. Drainage plate will
be installed at the lower part of every tube bundle to make the condensate water of upper tube
bundle flow down along drainage plate at the side.
The condensate water drainage control system can be used to maintain water level of
condensor at a given value.
The air cooling zone shall be set at post-median of every tube bundle so as to exhaust leaked
air and a small amount of non-condensed steam. Except the inlet, the air cooling zone will be
separated from the main condensing zone through cladding of air cooling zone. When steam passes
the air cooling zone, the steam condensation will reduce temperature of mixed steam. The air partial
pressure will increase and the volume will be reduced and then the air will be extracted. The air
cooling zone is connected with the vacuum-pumping system through steam extract tube. The
non-condensed gas remaining in steam will be extacted by vacuum pump, condensed into
atmospheric pressure and then eliminated from water or steam circulation.
·1·5 Boiler blowdown system
The water in continuous blowdown flash tank of heat recovery boiler and the start-up boiler will be
discharged into Phase-I acid-base neutralization pond after being cooled by circulating cooling
water in auxiliary machinery.
3·8 Iron filter of condensate water
3·8·1 System overview
The main component of impurities in condensate water includes two kinds among which one is
dissolving salt which consists of residual salt in effluent of make-up water treatment system, salt
carried in steam and the salt leaked in condensor; the other is the corrosion product of metal in
thermodynamic system such as iron oxide, copper and so on.
Iron filter is mainly used to eliminate all kinds of suspended solids (mainly iron oxide) in
condensate water as prefilter of subsequent polishing processing equipment. Folded-type filter
element is adopted in iron filter.
Khulna 225MW combined cycle power station in Bangladesh is equipped with one 1×100%
de-ironing separator which includes setting of 100% bypass system as well as corresponding control
equipment, monitoring instrument and gauge valves (primary and secondary valve). The system
provide high-quality water supply for the unit and its operation is safe and reliable.
··3·8·2 System function
·3·8·2·1 In normal operation of unit, the dissolved matter in thermodynamic system will be
continuously removed so as to prevent heating surface of bypass from scaled and prevent steam
turbine from being accumulated in through-flow part of steam turbine.
·3·8·2·2 The corrosion products and suspended solids will be removed in start-up stage of unit so as
to shorten start-up time of unit.
·3·8·2·3 When there is trace amounts of leakage in condensor, the unit can be ensured in safe and
continuous operation. At the same time, operating personnel has enough time to take leakage
inspection and leakage blockage measures so as to ensure unit shutdown according to scheduled
Page 12 of 1
process.
·3·8·3 iron filter connection method of condensate water polishing treatment
Condensate water pump→ iron filter → shaft seal heater
·3·8·4 Basic parameters of de-ironing separator system of condensate water
·3·8·4·1 Amount of condensate water at inlet of de-ironing separator rated flow rate: 276m3/h
maximum flow rate: 289m3/h
··3·8·4·2 Condensate water pressure at iron filter inlet of condensate water polishing treatment
·3·8·4·2·1 Rated pressure: 3.5MPa maximum pressure: 4.0MPa
·3·8·4·3 Condensate water temperature at iron filter inlet of condensate water polishing treatment
·3·8·4·3·1 Rated temperature: 60℃ maximum temperature: 60℃
·3·8·5 Output water quality of iron filter of condensate water
In the following input water quality conditions, it is required to ensure to reach corresponding
output water quality
No. Item Unit Filter inlet Filter outlet
Suspended solids in
1 Ug/L 50 20
normal operation
Suspended solids in
2 Ug/L 200 20
temporary start-up
Suspended solids after
3 Ug/L 2000 50
overhaul
3·9 Cooling water system
The secondary circulating water system is adopted for cooling of condensor and raw water (from
pretreatment water) will be used as circulating water. The circulating water will enter condensor
through two DN1200 water supply pipes and then it will be discharged into circulating water return
pipe through rubber ball collecting screen. 2 sets of rubber ball washing equipment are set on water
inlet of condensor to clean it regularly and secondary filter screen is not setted. Besides, circulating
water can be also used as cooling water for air cooler of generator as well as blowdown pipeline of
periodical blowdown flash tank.
As for pump bearing and lubricating oil station, condensate water and demi water will be used
in cooling water system for cooling and condensate water will be used to cool recirculating pump
bearing of LP economizer as well as bearing of motor-driven feed water pump; demi water will be
used to cool lubricating oil station of motor-driven feed water pump as well as bearing of
condensate water pump; after cooling, water will return to condensor hot well.
As for other auxiliary machinery, fresh well water or river water (the river water will be used
when its quality meet the requiement and fresh well water will be used when the quality of river
water can not meet requirements) in irrigation works will be used in recirculation cooling water
system. Fresh well water or river water will be used for cooling of following equipment:
· Cooler of water ring vacuum pump
· Oil cooler of steam turbine
Page 13 of 1
· Cooler of EH fire resistant oil
· Motor cooler of motor-driven feed water pump
· Blowdown pipeline to startup boiler periodical blowdown flash tank
Cooling water for chemical sampling
·Cooling water for chemical sampling of start-up boiler
3·10 Compressed air system

Compressed air system will provide medical compressed air and station-service compressed air.
Instrument compressed air is mainly used to supply air source for each type pneumatic valve and
instrument in main house, heat recovery boiler start-up boiler area. Maintenance compressed air is
mainly used to maintenance puring for equipment in main power house, heat recovery boiler and
metal workshop. The compressed air system consists of two screw-type air compressors, two
micro-heating regeneration adsorbing driers, one 10m3 instrument compressed air storage tank and
one 4m3 station-service compressed air storage tank.
4.1 Specification for steam turbine
Type — LZN80-7.89/3.46/0.51
Steam turbine with triple pressure, reheating,
Model —
single-cylinder and condensed steam turbine
Manufacturer — Shanghai Turbine Company Ltd.
Rated power MW 82.18
Rated speed r/min 3000
Pressure MPa 7.89
Main steam
Temperature ℃ 515
Flow t/h 198.18
Pressure Mpa 3.48
HP exhaust Temperature ℃ 410.3
Flow kg/s 180.745
Pressure Mpa 3.45
Reheat steam hot section Temperature ℃ 500
Flow t/h 210.49
Pressure Mpa 0.45
LP inlet pressure Temperature ℃ 251
Flow T/H 7.416
Pressure kpa 8.8
Exhaust of LP cylinder Flow t/h
Pressure Kpa(a)
Flow t/h 17142.6
Cooling water Temperature ℃
Flow t/h
Steam
kg/KWh 2.973 3.537
consumption rate
Heat consumption
kj/KWh
rate
High-intermediate
r/min 1518 (Phase I)
rotation
Critical
pressure rotor
speed
LP rotor r/min 1766 (Phase I)

Generator rotor r/min 1200 (Phase I)/3900 (Phase II)
Page 14 of 1
Effective volume of main
m3 28
lube oil tank
Effective volume of EH oil
L 900
tank
Rotation speed of turning
r/min 3.4
gear
EH oil pressure MPa 14.0
Lubrication pressure MPa 0.096--0.124
4.2 Specification of generator
Technical specification of air-cooled generator:
Item Value Unit
Model 50WX18Z—080LLT
Rated capacity MVA
Rated power 81.876 MW
Rated voltage 10.5 KV
Rated current 6598.3 A
Power factor 0.8
Rated rotating speed 3000 r/min
See from steam turbine
Rotation direction Clockwise
side
Phase number 3 Phase
Connection method * Y
Frequency 50 Hz
No-load exciting current of generator A
No-load exciting voltage of generator V
Full-load exciting current of generator 1500 A
Full-load exciting voltage of generator 312 V
Primary critical rotation speed of generator r/min
Secondary critical rotation speed of generator r/min
First class at both ends of rotor fan
Pressure head of fan Pa
Blast capacity 31 M3/S
Inlet air temperature of generator ≤38 ℃
Water volume of air cooler 70 m3/h
Intake pressure of cooling water 0.4 M pa
Maximum intake pressure of cooling water M pa
Maximum intake water temperature ℃
Air temperature at generator outlet ℃
4.3 Specification of shaft seal condensor
Model JQ—50—1
Area m2 50
Maximum operating
Mpa 3.9/0.05
pressure: shell pass/tube pass
Design pressure: shell /tube Mpa 3.9/0.05
Tube material Stainless steel TP304S
Specification φmm×mm Φ19×0.9
Shell-side design
temperature: shell side/tube ℃ 100/100
side
Flow(shell side/tube side) t/h 1.72/373.89
Maximum operating
temperature: shell pass/tube ℃ 232/43.64
pass
Model of motor of fan YX3—13252—2
Fan flow m3/h 1200
Total pressure of fan kPa 9320
Maximum allowable ℃ 85
Page 15 of 1
temperature of fan
Rotation speed r/min 2900
Power of motor kW 7.5
Voltage of motor V 415
Equipment parameters of iron filter
No. Name of equipment parameters Unit Equipment parameters
1 Quantity Set 1
2 Nominal diameter mm DN1000/20
3 Shape Horizontal cylinder
4 Design pressure MPa 4﹒0
5 Design temperature ℃ 60
6 Design output m 3/h 276 (Maximum: 589)
Initial differential pressure at inlet
7 kpa No more than 7
and outlet
Maximum allowable differential

8 Mpa 0﹒15
pressure at inlet and outlet
60um (adopted in normal

operation of unit)
9 Filter fineness um 20um (adopted in initial start-up
of unit)
Tolerable temperature of filter

10 ℃ 80
element
Specification (diameter/length) of
11 6/60
filter element
36 pieces in total which there are
24 pieces of operating filter
12 Quantity of filter element Piece elements (12 for use and 12 for
spare) and there are 12 pieces of
start-up filter elements
13 Material of filter element PP
14 Material of internal device SS30408
15 Tank material 16MnR
Operating filter element:
PALL/GRAVER
16 Manufacturer
Start-up filter element: Yancheng
Hongli
4.4 Specification of bypass system

4.4.1 Specification of HP bypass system:
HP steam bypass device
Item Steam change-over Spray water Spray water isolating
valve regulating valve valve
Model SC\V400 MSD MSD
Installation site Top Top Top
Drive method Pneumatic

Design pressure (Mpa) 9.16\4.56 6.76\6.76 6.76\6.76
Design temperature ( ℃) 523\436 163.7\163.7 163.7\163.7
Test pressure ( Mpa) 30.68\7.69
Page 16 of 1
Material of valve body SA182F22CL3 SA216 WCB SA216 WCB
Nozzle material SA182F22CL3 SA216 WCB SA216 WCB
Setting pressure of air supply 0.4--0.7MPa 0.4--0.7MPa 0.4--0.7MPa
Pressure Mpa 8.7 5.185 5.2
Inlet
Temperature ℃ 518 158.7 158.7
Pressure Mpa 4.05 4.76 5.185
Outlet
Temperature ℃ 413.6 158.7 158.7
Rated flow t/h 210.02 15.54 15.54
Flow characteristics of valve Linear Linear Linear
Pressure drop 4.65 0.43 0.02
Rated 301.08 7.88 43.2
Kv value
Maximum 373 9.5 43.2
Rated stroke of valve (mm) 72.65
Effective travel of valve 90＋5% 40 40
Diameter of valve seat mm 200 39 40
Leakage rate 1.88
Connection method Welding Welding Welding
Material 12Cr1MoVG SA216 WCB SA216 WCB
Connector
Inlet (mm) 209 39 39
Outlet (mm) 351 39 39
Weight Kg 178
4.4.2 Specification of intermediate pressure bypass system

Intermediate pressure steam bypass device
Item Steam change-over Spray water Spray water
valve regulating valve isolating valve
Model SC\V400 MSD MSD
Drive mode Pneumatic Pneumatic Pneumatic
Design pressure (Mpa) 3.93\0.6 3.45\3.45 3.45\3.45
Design temperature (℃) 512.5\151 55 55
Test pressure (Mpa) 9.86
Material of valve body 12Cr1WoV WCB WCB
Nozzle material 12Cr1WoV WCB WCB
供气设定压力
0.4--0.7MPa 0.4--0.7MPa 0.4--0.7MPa
Setting pressure of air supply
Inlet
Temperature ℃ 507.5 50 50
Outlet
Flow t/h 222.95 63.8 63.8
Valve flow characteristics Linear Linear Linear
Pressure drop (maximum design) 3.37 1.53 O.05
Rated 740.4 16.38 95
Kv value
Maximum 1236.87 20.74 95
Rated stroke of valve (mm) 89.79 -- --
Effective stroke of valve 150 40 40
Leakage rate ml/min 0
Texture 12Cr1WoV WCB WCB
Connector
Inlet (mm) 351 100 100
Outlet (mm) 704 100 100
Weight Kg 292
Page 17 of 1
4.4.3 Specification of LP bypass system:
LP steam bypass device
Item Steam changeover Spray water control Spray water
valve valve isolating valve
Model SC\V MSD MSD
Drive mode Pneumatic Pneumatic Pneumatic

Design pressure 0.7\0.36 3.45\3.45 3.45\3.45
Design temperature 239\138.5 55\55 55\55
Test pressure 1.53
Material of valve body 20 WCB WCB
Nozzle material 20 WCB WCB
Setting pressure of air supply 0.4--0.7MPa 0.4--0.7MPa 0.4--0.7MPa
Inlet
Temperature ℃ 254 50 50
Outlet
Flow t/h 3.72 3.72
Valve flow characteristics Linear Linear Linear
Pressure drop (maximum design amount) 0.26 1.9 0.05

Rated 712.8 0.86 6.05
Kv value
Maximum 954.88 1.04 6.05
Rated storke of valve (mm) 59.72
Maximum stroke of valve 80 20 20
Material 20 20 20
Connector
Inlet (mm) 309 21 21
Outlet (mm) 367 21 21
Weight Kg 135 80 80
4.4.4 Specification of EH oil
Recommended Allowable
No. Item name Unit Remarks
oil substituted oil
1 Oil name Quaker HLP /DIN51524
2 Nameplate 888
Specific gravity in
3 kg/l
20℃
4 Viscosity in 40℃ mm2/s
5 Viscosity index 46
6 Flash point ℃ 455
7 Ignition point ℃ 655
Automatic
8 inflammation ℃ 450
temperature
9 Freezing point ℃
Page 18 of 1
4.5 Specification of temperature and pressure reducer for shaft seal and steam supply of main
steam
Temperature and pressure reducer
Item Unit for shaft seal and steam supply of
main steam
Quantity: 1
Operating pressure of primary steam MPa(a) 1.75～3.35
Design pressure of primary steam MPa(a) 3.85
Operating temperature of primary steam ℃ 330～380
Design temperature of primary steam ℃ 391.5
Flow of primary steam t/h 0.795～0.76
Operating pressure of secondary steam MPa(a) 0.9
Design pressure of secondary steam MPa(a) 1.2
Operating temperature of secondary steam ℃ 300
Design temperature of secondary steam ℃ 320
Flow of secondary steam t/h 0.8
Operating pressure of attemperating water MPa(a) 3.4
Design pressure of attemperating water MPa(a) 4.1
Operating temperature of attemperating water ℃ 33
Maximum temperature of attemperating water ℃ 60
Normal flow of attemperating water t/h 0.03
Maximum flow of attemperating water t/h 0.04
Dimension of steam connector at inlet mm Φ38X3
Dimension of steam connector at outlet mm Φ76X3.5
Dimension of attemperating water connector mm Φ25X2
4.6 Specification of condensor
Name Unit Value

1. Model N-9000
Single shell, surface type, double flow,
2. Type double inlets and double outlets of cooling
water
3. Cooling area m2 9000
2
4. Total effective area of condensor tube m 9000
5. Temperature of cooling water ℃ 32.2
6. Quantity of circulating water t/h 17142.6
7. Design pressure of water chamber Mpa 0.3
8. Back pressure of condensor Kpa 8.8
9. Total number of cooling tube Piece 9908
10 Material of cooling tube Titanium tube
11. Specification of cooling tube φmm×mm Φ25×0.5
12. Net weight of condensor Kg 163.000
13. Weight at steam side full of water Kg 650.000
14. Temperature rise of circulating water ℃ ≤9
4.7 Specification of oil system equipment:
4.7.1 Specification of steam turbine oil cooler:
Lubricating oil Cooling water
Nameplate VG46/40℃ Nameplate
Viscosity Cst 46 Viscosity
Flow Vsl L/h 114 Flow Vt1 M3/h 180
Density Pl Kg/ m3 850 Density P2 Kg/ m3 990
Page 19 of 1
Inlet Inlet
T1 ℃ 70 T1 ℃ 36
temperature temperature
Outlet Outlet
T2 ℃ 50 T2 ℃ 42
temperature temperature
Heat exchange area F M2 75
4.7.2 Specification of lubrication oil pump
Parameters of oil pump Parameters of motor
Rotation
Flow m3/h 120 r/min 2960
speed
Outlet pressure MPa 0.9 Power kw 30
Operating
ISO VG32 Voltage V 415
medium
Operating
45℃～55℃ Current A 62.5
temperature
4.7.3 Specification of DC emergency lube oil pump:
Rotation
Flow m3/h 120 r/min 2950
speed
Outlet pressure MPa 0.35 Power kw 22
Operating
ISO VG32 Voltage V 220
medium
Operating
20℃～75℃ Current A 114
temperature
4.7.4 Specification of jacking oil pump:
Rotation
Flow L/min 25 r/min 1500
speed
Outlet pressure MPa 16 Power kw 15
Operating medium ISO VG32 Voltage V 415
Operating
20℃～75℃ Current A 26.5
temperature
4.7.5 Specification of filter:
Item name Unit Lubricating oil filter
Type 2×100 duplex Y filter
Filter shell structure Carbon steel welding
Fineness of nominal filter μm 15
Material of filter element Stainless steel wire mesh
Fluid medium Turbine oil ISO VG32
Rated volume flow m3/h 120
Maximum operating pressure bar ≤10
Differential pressure caused by
bar ＞10
damage of filter element
Cleaning bar 0.3
Alarm bar 0.8
Blocking bar 1.2
Washer material Nitrile rubber buna
4.7.6 Specification of oil purifier
Lubricating oil purification device of

No. Item Unit
steam turbine
1 Type Coalescent separation type
2 Model QYJB—7.5
Page 20 of 1
3 Net oil flow L/h 7500
4 Applicable oil ISO VG No. 32 turbine oil
5 Operating pressure MPa <0.5
O
6 Operating temperature C 40～70
Moisture content in oil: the water content
7 mg/kg ≤50
should be less than
8 Handling capacity of solid particles Class NAS5
9 Inlet specification mm DN40
10 Outlet specification mm DN40
11 Boundary dimension of equipment body mm 2000×1200×1700
12 Weight of equipment body kg 1500
13 Weight of equipment after oil charge kg
14 Maximum power (in start-up) kW 27
15 Start-up time min 1
16 Total operation power KW 27
17 Volume of oil-water separation tank m3
18 Shape of oil-water separation tank Horizontal type
Operating pressure of oil-water separation
19 MPa ≥0.5
tank:
20 Structural type of oil-water separation tank Coalescent separation type
21 Fine filter
22 Mesh aperture of fine filter um 3
24 Filter fineness NAS standard Class 5
25 Oil discharging pump
26 Model of oil discharging pump
35 Power of heating rod KW/h 10
36 Temperature control range: ℃ 40 to 60 (adjustable)
37 Electric power: kW 30
38 Voltage V 220
39 Quantity Piece 3
40 Model of oil level gauge
41 Measuring range of oil level gauge T
42 Model of protective device of oil level L2LS
43 Low level alarm value % 10
44 High level alarm value % 90
45 In case of high level, acoustic-optical signal is sent out and the oil pump will stop automatically
46 In case of low level, acoustic-visual signal is sent out and the oil pump will be started automatically
47 Model of pressure protective device SOR
48 Overpressure value: MPa
4.7.7 Specification of oil storage tank
No. Item Unit Lubricating oil storage tank
1. Equipment type Square
2. Equipment quantity Set 1/the whole plant
3. Installation location Outdoor
4. Effective volume m3 25+25
5. Wall thickness mm No less than 10
6. Medium property Lubricating oil
7. Design pressure Mpa(g) Normal pressure
8. Operating temperature ℃ 50
9. Operating pressure Mpa(g) Normal pressure
10. Design temperature ℃ 80
5000 (length) x4000 (width) x 3000
11. Boundary dimension mm
(height)
12. Main material of shell Q235-B
Page 21 of 1
4.8 Specification of EH system
4·8·1 EH oil specification:
Main oil pump
Model YB2—200L---4B35
Quantity Set 2
Power KW 22
Voltage VAC 415
Rotation speed Rpm 1470
Operating pressure MPa 14.5—13.5
Circulating pump
Model PGF3-3X/040RE07VE4
Quantity Set 1
Power KW
Voltage VAC
Rotation speed Rpm
Operating pressure MPa
Regenerative device
Form On-line filter element
Oil tank
Volume 900L
Gasbag energy accumulator SB330-50A1/114A9-330A
Nominal capacity Liter 50
Effective volume Liter 4.1
Inflation pressure of energy
MPa 20℃ nitrogen 9.3
accumulator
Maximum operating pressure MPa 33
HP filter Model DFBH/HC240QE10Y1.X/-V
Filter fineness um 10
Differential pressure alarm MPa 0.69
Maximum operating pressure MPa 31.5
Cooling and circulating filter Model RFBN/HC0950DO03Y1.X/V
Maximum operating pressure MPa 2.5
Phosphate regenerative filter Model LFNBN/HC063IC10Y1.X/V
Maximum operating pressure MPa 10
Temperature control (start-up) ℃ 10
Initial cooling temperature ℃ 45
Maximum operating temperature ℃ 55
Setting of liquid level switch Height from liquid level to the top of oil tank
High/low level alarm 750/450 (setting value of liquid level switch)
Low/low level alarm 260 (setting value of liquid level switch)
Equipment weight About 4 tones (not including oil)
4.9 Specification of drain water flash tank of proper
Item Unit External drain water flash tank
Type Vertical type
Model SK-5-8
Quantity Set 1
Design pressure MPa 0.35
Design temperature ℃ 565
Effective volume m3 5
Maximum weight at the time of being t 5
Page 22 of 1
filled with medium
Spraying water quantity t/h 20
4.10 LP gland sealing steam supply pressure and temperature reducing equipment
Pressure reducer and attemperator for LP
Equipment name
gland sealing steam supply
Model TP0.8-3.35/380-0.9/300-3.4/33
Flow at steam outlet 0.8T/H
Temperature pressure
300
Inlet steam (℃)
Pressure (MPa (a) ) 1.75～3.35
Temperature pressure
120～180
Outlet steam (℃)
Pressure (MPa (a) ) 0.9
Structure length (mm) 3000
Weight (kg) 200
Inlet specification of main tube DN32
Outlet specification of main tube DN100
Connector specification of attemperating water DN25
Quantity (set) 1
Model of electric actuator SKB60
Power of electric actuator 18VA
4.11 Specification of rubber ball device

4.11.1 Specification of ball collector:
No. Item Unit Data
1 Model CB350—11
2 Type Vertical funnel type (with block device)
3 Manufacturer Lian Yungang Liyuan
4 Volume of ball collector Liter 30
5 Cylinder material Q235B
6 Material of mesh core 316L
7 Boundary dimension 1260×480
8 Model of electric actuator SDQ(B)-13-18
9 Weight 290
4.7.2 Specification of ball collecting screen
No. Item Unit Data
1 Model R212
New type rotary oscillating self locking
2 Type
with multiple shafting
Beijing CEP Green Wave SCI-TEC Co.,
3 Manufacturer
Ltd.
4 Nominal diameter (DN) mm 1200
5 Length of ball collecting screen mm 1
Design bearing pressure of ball
6 MPa(g) 0.6MPa
collecting screen
Water resistance (operation/ball
7 mH2O
collecting)
8 Guaranteed rate of ball collecting % ≥95
9 Output torque of electric actuator kN.m
Shell material of ball collecting
10 Q235B
screen
11 Grate material of ball collecting 316L
Page 23 of 1
No. Item Unit Data
screen
Rotary shaft material of ball
12 304
collecting screen
Rotary shaft sleeve material of
13 316L
ball collecting screen
4.11.3 Specification of rubber ball:
No. Item Unit Data
High-quality peeling gelatin sponge rubber
1 Model/manufacturer of rubber ball
ball/Lianyungang Liyuan
2 Diameter of rubber ball in dry state mm Φ30.5
3 Density distribution of rubber ball 0.95~1.05
4 Service life of rubber ball H 500
5 Quantity of rubber ball 600-800
Pump specification
4.13.1 Specification of rubber ball delivery pump:
No. Item Unit Data
1 Model BCP80—220
2 Type
Beijing CEP Green Wave SCI-TEC Co.,
3 Manufacturer
Ltd.
4 Flow m3/h 90
5 Head m 21
6 Efficiency % 70
7 Required net positive suction head m 2.5
8 Shaft power kW 9.7
9 Sealing type Packing seal
10 Material of pump body Cast iron
11 Material of impeller Stainless steel 316L
12 Nominal pressure/aperture of inlet MPa/mm 100
Nominal pressure/aperture of
13 MPa/mm 125
outlet
14 Model of motor Y160L-4
15 Rated power kW 11
16 Rated voltage V 415
17 Power factor 0.85
18 Rotation speed r/min 1430
19 Efficiency % 75
Boundary dimension of pumping
20 mm
set
21 Weight of pump and motor kg
4.12 Vacuum pump specifications:

Manufacturer Hubei Tongfang Hi-tech Pump Co., Ltd.
Type Water ring type vacuum pump
Model 2BW4 253 DK4
Rotation direction (from drive end) Clockwise
Shaft seal type Packing seal
Bearing type Rolling bearing
Interface dimension at suction side (mm) 219
Interface dimension at discharge side (mm) 159
2. Heat exchanger
Page 24 of 1
Manufacturer Jinan Pressure Vessel or FUNKE
Type and model Tube-shell
Heat exchange area (m2) About 15
Working water flow (m3/h) 30
Cooling water flow (m3/h) 10.4
Terminal temperature difference (C) 3
Pressure drop of cooling water side (MPa) 0.03
Heat exchange pipe SS316L
3. Motor
Manufacturer Xiangtan Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
Model Y2 315-8
Rated power 75KW
Rated voltage 415V
Rotation speed 741rpm
Frequency 50HZ
Starting current Less than six times of rated current
Starting time 7S
Temperature rising on rated load 80K
Rated full-load current 138.5A
Allowable maximum operating temperature of motor bearing 90℃
Hourly allowable number of starting times for motor 2/1
Efficiency 94.36%
Main features Power factor 0.83
Locked torque 1.95/rated torque
Locked current 5.83/rated current
Maximum 2.39/rated torque
torque
Insulation grade F
Weight 1075kg
Cooling method IC411
Protection grade IP54
Rotation direction Clockwise
4. Steam-water separator
Manufacturer Beifang Pressure Vessels
Type Vertical type
Dimension (mm×mm) 800×1200
Shield material Carbon steel
6. Vacuum meter
Manufacturer Beijing Brighty
Range 0～-0.1Mpa
7. Valve
Pneumatic butterfly valve
Manufacturer KEYSTONE
Dimension/material DN125/stainless steel for valve plate
b) Check valve
Manufacturer NASH
Type Flap-type
Dimension/material DN125
c) Inlet water make-up valve of steam-water separator
Manufacturer ASCO
Type Solenoid valve
Dimension/material DN15
8. High and low liquid level controller of steam-water separator
9. Local liquid level indicator of steam-water separator
Manufacturer KROHNE
10. Pressure switch
Page 25 of 1
Manufacturer SOR
No. Name Data Unit Remark

Condensor back pressure under design condition is
2. Parallel operation capacity
1 80 kg/h 4.8kPa (a)
of pump
and the cooling water temperature of condensor is 15℃
Limited pumping capacity of Corresponding extreme pumping pressure is 3.4Kpa
2 31 kg/h
pump under parallel operation (Cooling water temperature is less than 11℃)
Noise (1 meter away from the
3 85 dB(A) It shall less than 85
equipment)
4 Vacuum time when start-up 25 min 95k'pa

(two pumps operation)
4.13 Condensate water pump specifications
No. Parameter Unit Operating condition

1 Single pump flow m3/h 316.7
2 Head m 275
3 Shaft power kW
4 Rotation speed rpm 1480
5 Pump efficiency % 78
Design pressure/test pressure
6 MPa
of pump proper
7 Shutoff head m 26.5
8 Motor power kW 400
Normal upper bearing vibration
9 value of motor mm 0.05
(double-amplitude value)
10 Bearing alarm temperature ℃ 85
Pump tripping due to high
11 ℃ 90
bearing temperature
12 Pump stages
13 Motor model YLKK400-4TH
14 Rated voltage KV 6.6
15 Rated frequency MW 50
16 Rated current A 43.1
17 Power factor ￠ 0.865
18 Connection Y
19 Rated rotation speed r/min 1488
20 Protection grade IP 54
21 Insulation grade F
22 Cooling method Air cooling
23 Noise less than dB 85
4.14 Specifications for circulating water pump
1 Item Circulating water pump Unit
Hunan XEMC Changsha Pump
2 Manufacturer
Works Co., Ltd.
3 Model SGD1000\900Ⅱ
4 Rated voltage 6600 V
5 Rated current 96 A
6 Rated frequency 50 HZ
7 Rated power 900 KW
Page 26 of 1
8 Head 25.5 m
9 Flow 9900 m3/h
10 Shaft power 773 KW
11 Net positive suction head 6.3 m
12 Power factor 0.868 ￠
13 Insulation grade F
14 Temperature rising limit ℃
15 Noise level 85 db
16 Efficiency %
17 Protection grade 55 IP
18 Rated rotation speed 590 r/min
4.15 Air compressor specifications
Item Unit
1. Air compressor Set
Hangzhou Shanli Purification
Manufacturer
Equipment Factory
Type Fixed bolt type
Model SLAD-6M×F
Exhaust pressure MPa（g）
Exhaust quantity m3/min 15.72
Air pressure drop KPa 20
Cooling method Air cooling
Noise dB(A) 76
Cooling air quantity m3/h 29760
Air temperature of compressor outlet ℃ Ambient temperature +8
Oil content of compressor outlet mg/L 2~3
Particle size of dust in gas μm 3~5
Shaft power kW 86
2. Motor Set 2
Manufacturer Hebei Motor Factory
Type Three-phase asynchronous motor
Power kW 90
Voltage/phase number/frequency V/P/Hz 380V/3P/50HZ
Protection grade IP55
Insulation grade F
Efficiency % 93.5
3. External dimension of whole machine
Length × width × height mm 2703x1466x2032
Total weight kg 2420
4. Primary filter Set 2
Model JJL-15C
Dedusting accuracy μm 3
Degreasing accuracy ppm 5
5. Precision filter Set 2
Model SLAF—6HT
Dedusting accuracy μm 1
Degreasing accuracy ppm 1
6. Precision filter Set 3
Model SLAF—6HT
Dedusting accuracy μm 0.01
Degreasing accuracy ppm 5/0.01/1
7. Particle size of dust in the filter outlet μm 1
Handling capacity of compressed air m3/min 15
Page 27 of 1
Pressure drop kPa ＜150
8. Regeneration type dryer Set 2
Type Micro-heat regeneration
Model SLAD—6MxF
Power source 415V/50Hz
Power KW 3
Ambient temperature ℃ 0-50
Maximum air inlet temperature ℃ ≤80
Handling capacity of compressed air m3/min 6．8
Air consumption for regeneration m3 0.75
Dew point of outlet air pressure ℃ ≤ -40
Net weight KG 630
Specifications for jacking oil pump
Description Value Remark
Operating pressure of jacking oil 8.8Mpa～16.7MPa Normal
Jacking oil pressure less than 10.5MPa Switch standby oil pump
Jacking oil pressure more than 13.0MPa Alarm for high jacking oil pressure
Pressure difference of jacking oil
0.42MPa* Alarm for filter element blocking
filter more than
4.16 Water spraying system for low-pressure cylinder
The low-pressure exhaust cylinder of unit is setted with spraying water and temperature reduction
device, adopting air control actuating mechanism and the air source of compressed air is required to be
dry and free of oil with the pressure of 0.5--0.8MPa.
The exhaust temperature is limited to 70℃ with pre-alarm, 80℃ with alarm and 121℃ with shutdown
to ensure the safety.
LP exhaust cylinder device is setted as 80℃, when the exhaust temperature is bigger than 80℃,
spraying water device will be opened fully to spray water and alarm; when the temperature is reduced
to 80℃ by fully spraying water,the opening of spraying water regulating valve will be reduced; whn the
exhaust temperature is dropped to 45℃, spraying water will be stopped. After fully spraying water
15min, if the exhaust temperature still maintain temperature more than 80℃, the unit will be shutdown;
whatever, when the exhaust temperature is rising to 121, should stop unit immediately.
4.17 HP exhaust vent valve
The HP exhaust vent valve shall be closed when the unit is under normal operation and only
when ATT is triggered (valve test for steam turbine) or the rotation speed exceeds 1980r/min and
(the stream turbine trips, the pressure ratio protection of high-pressure cylinder is triggered or the
main steam valve or main governing valve is closed), the HP exhaust vent valve shall be opened.
4.18 Temperature setting valve of turbine steam seal system
Dscription Value Remark
Pressure setting value of safety valve of steam seal main pipe 0.28 mPa
Steam temperature of high and intermediate pressure steam seal
℃ Alarm
is lower than
Steam temperature of high and intermediate pressure steam seal
℃ Alarm
is higher than
Setting value of temperature reduction and spraying water
150℃
controller for low-pressure cylinder steam seal
Page 28 of 1
5 Tests for steam turbine and auxiliary equipment
5.1 Axial displacement protection test
5.1.1 Axial displacement protection test shall be conducted in the following situations:
1) After unit installation, maintenance or overhaul.
2) After adjustment or overhaul of axial displacement protection device.
3) After mal-operation of axial displacement protection.
5.1.2 Test conditions:
1) Axial displacement protection test shall be conducted before furnace ignition.
2) Start-up oil pump, EH oil pump and put turning gear into operation and confirm that EH oil
pressure is normal.
3) Coordinate with thermal personnel.
5.1.3 Test methods:
1) Thermal personnel shall provide protective power supply, put steam turbine under protection and
release low vacuum protection.
2) Open main steam valve and increase the opening of HP governing valve.
3) Thermal personnel shall send positive axial displacement alarm and simulation trip signals and
unit trips.
4) Re-latch and open main steam valve and increase the opening of HP governing valve.
5) Thermal personnel shall send negative axial displacement alarm and simulation trip signals and
unit trips. After the test, restore the unit to its pre-test conditions.
5.2 Low oil pressure protection test for steam turbine
5.2.1 Conditions of low oil pressure protection test on steam turbine
1) Oil system of unit shall be normal; start AC oil pump; confirm that DC lubrication pump is in
standby state and that DEH system is normal.
2) EH oil system shall be normal and oil quality shall be qualified; one EH oil pump shall be in
operation and oil pressure of system shall be normal.
3) Steam pressure in front of HP, IP main valve shall be zero.
4) Atmospheric-type drain water valve in front and rear of HP, IP main valve shall be opened.
5) Thermal-technical protection and signal device shall be available.
6) Thermal personnel shall cooperate.
5.2.2 Requirements for low oil pressure protection test on steam turbine
1) Electrical operator shall be informed before test; attention shall be paid to DC voltage.
2) In the process of low oil pressure protection on-line test of steam turbine, supervision shall be
Page 29 of 1
reinforced; the test shall be stopped upon discovery of any problems and the system shall be
restored.
3) 3) In the process of low oil pressure protection on-line test of steam turbine, the test shall be
conducted on solenoid valves on both sides; the test shall not be conducted at the same time.
5.2.3 Methods of low oil pressure linkage protection test on lubrication oil pump:
1) AC lubrication oil pump is in normal operation; lubrication oil pressure of steam turbine is over
0.076MPa; low lubrication oil pressure signal of steam turbine has disappeared; put lubrication oil
pump into linkage.
2) Start jacking oil pump, put turning gear after EH oil pressure being normal, then listen the each
part sound of cylinder and steam seal.
3) Put EH oil pump into operation; emergency oil pressure is normal.
4) Steam turbine latches; inspect high/intermediate/low pressure main steam valve and governing
valve of steam turbine is opened.
5) Close the oil inelt valve of lubrication oil pressure switch on local, open oil discharging solenoid
valve; low lubrication oil pressure signal of steam turbine will link to start AC lubrication oil pump
and HP lube oil pump when oil pressure drops to 0.0758—0.0827MPa;
6) Interlock start DC emergency oil pump when oil pressure drops to 0.069MPa; steam turbine ETS
protective will act when oil pressure drops to 0.048MPa and steam turbine trips; close governing
valve of HP/IP/LP main steam valve.
7) Open oil inlet valve of lube oil pressure switch and close the oil discharging solenoid valve, stop
standby AC lube oil pump and DC emergency lube oil pump when oil pressure has been restored.
5.3 EH oil pump linkage test
Start #1 pump and put #2 pump into linkage; press emergency button of #1 pump when #1
pump is in normal operation; #1 pump trips and #2 pump links and starts; reset the pump’s switch
which has tripped and put it into linkage. Conduct the test of #2 pump to #1 pump in the same
method.
Connect with I&C personnel to conduct low EH oil pressure test, put interlock of #1 pump into
operation and #1 pump shall be put into operation automatically; stop #1 pump and release the
interlock.
Conduct low oil pressure linkage test on #2 EH oil pump in the same method. Put the test
result on record after the test.
5.4 Test on HP, IP, LP main steam valve, governing steam valve and HP vent valve
5.4.1 Test description
Activity tests on steam turbine valve (ATT) are composed of five groups of test, including: HP
main steam valve and HP governing steam valve; IP main steam valve and IP governing steam
valve; make-up steam main valve and make-up steam governing valve; HP exhaust check valve and
HP cylinder ventilate & exhaust valve. For ATT test on certain group, it only needs to put its
controlling sub-ring SLC into operation (SELECT ATT) and choose ATT test (ATT ESV/CV) and
Page 30 of 1
ATT test will be automatically conducted; after the test, test successful signal will be sent; in case
activity on certain group of valve fails or is interrupted, control sub-group of ATT test will be
automatically restored. As each steam valve is equipped with two solenoid valves, each steam valve
shall be subject to the test twice which is automatically conducted.
5.4.2 Test purpose:
Check the closing time of HP, IP, LP valve units when tripping occurs without steam force (full
stroke test).
5.4.3 Test requirements:
1) Stop unit load setting;
2) Conduct the test when the load of steam turbine is more than 100%;
3) Reduce setting value of bypass pressure in order to control boiler water level within required
range ;
4) The recommended test interval is 4 weeks;
5) After the test, operation personnel shall exit ATT SGC manually.
5.4.4 Specific test method (taking test on governing steam valve of HP main steam valve as an
example)
1) When conducting HP cylinder valve unit test, HP govering valve will be closed according to the
command. When HP governing valve is totally closed, conduct activity test on main steam valve
and tripping valve test of solenoid; make two solenoid valves of valve act once respectively and
make corresponding valve act twice;when test successful signal is feedbacked thus test on main
steam valve is completed.
2) Conduct activity test on governing valve and tripping test of solenoid valve when main steam
valve is closed; make two solenoid valves of valve act once respectively and make corresponding
valve act twice; when test successful signal is feedbacked thus test on governing valve is completed.
3) After completion of test on HP governing valve, open main steam valve and start opening the HP
governing valve when main steam valve has been fully opened and reset it to its pre-test conditions.
Test on make-up steam valve which shall be conducted when test of IP main steam valve and IP
governing valve have been achieved; after completion of test on valve unit, the same test shall be
conducted on HP exhaust check valve and HP cylinder exhaust valve; make two solenoid valves of
each valve act once respectively and make corresponding valve act twice. After test on HP
combined valve, conduct automatic test on IP combined valve and LP make-up steam combined
valve.
4) Put test results on record and report it to shif leader.
5.5 Protective action and test of LP cylinder water spraying device
5.5.1 Spraying water of LP cylinder and stopping conditions:
1) When steam temperature of fixed blade ring of LP cylinder is higher than 135℃, LP cylinder
spraying water control valve shall be opened no matter what conditions is the unit in.
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2) When rotation speed of steam turbine is higher than 2850r/min and that vacuum pressure of
condensor is less than 7kPa (a) or higher than 13kPa (a), LP cylinder spraying water control valve
shall be opened in case LP cylinder wall temperature is higher than 90℃ or steam temperature of
fixed blade ring of LP cylinder is higher than 120℃.
3) When rotation speed of steam turbine is less than 2850r/min or that steam inlet pressure of LP
cylinder is higher than 20% of rated steam inlet pressure (0.3745MPa), LP cylinder spraying water
control valve shall be closed.
4) When rotation speed of steam turbine is higher than 2850r/min, LP cylinder spraying water
control valve should be closed in case LP cylinder wall temperature is lower than 60℃ or fixed
blade ring steam temperature of LP cylinder is lower than 100℃.
5.5.2 Manual test:
1) Test conditions:
A) The test shall be conducted with the cooperation of I&C personnel.
B) The test shall be conducted after maintenance and overhauling of unit or overhaul of
spraying water solenoid valve.
C)Conditions of spraying water solenoid valve shall be displayed as normal on DCS.
1) Safety procedures:
A) Close LP cylinder spraying water inlet main valve.
B) In case the test is conducted when unit is in operation, attention shall be paid to temperature
change of LP exhaust cylinder and procedures shall be taken in time.
2) Test steps:
A) Switch spraying water solenoid valve of LP cylinder into “manual” position;
B) I&C personnel shall supply the power for solenoid valve (or click on the interface to switch
it on); check whether LP cylinder spraying water solenoid valve act correctly;
C) The test is completed and system is restored to normal conditions.
5.5.3 Automatic protection test:
1) Test conditions:
A) The test shall be conducted with the cooperation of thermal personnel.
B) DCS signals shall be normal.
C) Spraying water solenoid valve of LP cylinder shall be tested manually whether opening and
closing of LP spraying water solenoid valve is normal.
2) Safety procedures:
A) Close LP cylinder spraying water inlet main valve.
B) In case the test is conducted when unit is in operation, attention shall be paid to temperature
change of LP exhaust cylinder and measures shall be taken in time.
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1) Test steps:
A) Switch spraying water solenoid valve of LP cylinder into “manual” position;
B) Contact thermal personnel in order to acquire temperature of exhaust cylinder. Water
spraying device will be fully opened and alarming when temperature of exhaust steam is
higher than 80℃; If the exhaust temperature is reducec after fully opening of spraying water
valve, spraying water valve will reduce the opening automatically.
C) When exhaust temperature is droped to 80℃, spraying water regulating valve will reduce
the opening; when the temperature is droped to 45℃,spraying water will be stopped.
D) Contact thermal personnel in order to acquire temperature of exhaust cylinder. If exhaust
temperature is still higher than 80℃ after 15min with full opening of spraying water, unit
should be shutdown.
E) Contact thermal personnel in order to acquire temperature of exhaust cylinder. Stop the unit
immediately in case temperature of exhaust steam is rising to 121℃ suddenly.
F) The test is completed and system is restored to normal conditions.
5.6 Low vacuum protection test
1) Lubrication oil pump, start-up oil pump and EH oil pump shall be in operation and oil pressure at
all parts shall be normal.
2) Inspect DEH to confirm all of its parts are normal;
3) ETS shall be electrified; display on DCS shall be normal; no alarm signals; allindication light
shall give normal indication.
5.6.2 Safety measures:
1) Steam pressure vefore main steam valve shall be zero.
2) Zero-pressure drain vlave in the front and rear of main steam valve shall be opened.
3) Thermal personnel shall cooperate in order to release low vacuum protection.
5.6.3 Test steps:

1) Press “latch” button in DEH manual operation board， inspect the HP and IP main steam valve
whether is fully opened and HP and IP governing valve whether is closed.
2) Slightly open the HP and IP governing steam valve.
3) Contact thermal personnel to put low vacuum protection into operation; inspect HP, IP, LP main
steam valve and governing valve to confirm whether are closed and that all indications are correct.
4) The test is completed and system is restored to normal conditions.
Page 33 of 1
5.7 Pressure ratio protection test on HP cylinder
5.7.1 Pressure ratio alarm and operate value of HP cylinder
Protection Values
Pressure ratio protection of HP cylinder “low alarm” 1.08
Pressure ratio protection of HP cylinder “ low-low governing” 1.05
1) Before start-up of heat recovery boiler;
2) Operation and oil pressure of lubrication oil pump shall be normal;
3) Operation and oil pressure of DEH oil shall be normal;
4） HP, IP, LP combined steam valve shall be opened.
5.7.3 Test:
1) Alarm value and action value shall be respectively input by I&C personnel at Engineer Station
2) Test results shall be put on record and equipment shall be restored to its pre-test conditions.
5.8 Tightness test on vacuum system
1) At the time of test, the unit shall be in stable operation under such load as 80% of rated load.
2) All parts of vacuum system shall be normal and standby vacuum system shall be in good standby
conditions.
3) DEH should be control by power control mode.
4) At the time of test, vacuum pressure of condensor shall not be less than 90 KPa otherwise the test
shall be prohibited or stopped.
1) Test value should be the average value of third minute value and fifth minute value.
2) When the droping speed of vacuum pressure is less than 0.13Kpa/min (1mmHg/min), the
vacuum system is excellent.
3) When the droping speed of vacuum pressure is less than 0.27Kpa/min (2mmHg/min), the
vacuum system is good.
4) When the droping speed of vacuum pressure is less than0.4Kpa/min (3mmHg/min), the vacuum
system meets the requirement.
5) When the droping speed of vacuum pressure is greater than 0.67Kpa/min (5mmHg/min), the
equipment shall be stopped in order to find the cause.
6) During the test, speed of vacuum pressure drop of condensor shall not be greater than 4Kpa/min,
otherwise the test shall be stopped and inlet valve of vacuum pump shall be fully opened.
Page 34 of 1
5.8.3 Test operation steps:
1) Report to shift leader and conduct the test under the supervision by main operator.
2) Release the interlock of vacuum pump.
3) After closing inlet valve of vacuum pump, record vacuum value of condensor and temperature of
exhaust steam every one minute.
4) Fully open inlet valve of vacuum pump after three minutes.
5) After the test, inspect if vacuum value of condensor is normal and put the interlock of vacuum
pump into operation.
5.9 Overspeed test
5.9.1 Overspeed test must be conducted in the following situation:
1) After unit installation, maintenance and overhaul.
2) Before load rejection test.
3) Restart after the unit has been shut down for over one month.
4) The unit has been in operation for over 2000h.
5.9.2 Overspeed test is prohibited in the following situation:
1) HP, IP automatic main steam valve and governing steam valve and HP exhaust check valve has
not been tightly closed.
2) Steam turbine fails to maintain the operation with zero load.
3) There is no accurate tachometer.
4) The unit is in the process of sliding stop.
5) Temperature of HP, IP rotor is lower than 350℃.
6) Steam turbine vibration is out of AQL.
5.9.3 Requirements for overspeed test:
1) Overspeed test shall not be conducted unless it is presided over by director of Power Generation
Department or principal engineer.
2) For overspeed test on unit cold start, it shall be conducted when the unit has been in continuous
operation under 25-30% rated load for 3-4h.
3) Lubrication oil pump shall be in normal and good standby conditions; personnel shall be
assigned with respective work.
4) Manual shut-down button shall be tested to confirm its function; HP, IP automatic main steam
valve and governing steam valve and HP exhaust check valve shall be tightly closed.
5) Rotation speed of overspeed protective action shall be within 3270－3330r/min.
6) During the test, if rotating speed is over 3330rpm and emergency governor device not act or unit
Page 35 of 1
has strongly vibration, should latch off and break the vacuum to stop the unit.
5.9.4 103% OPC Test:
1) Record steam parameters: pressure and temperature of main steam; pressure, temperature of
reheat steam and vacuum value.
2) Click “OPC Overspeed Test” button at DEH overspeed test window in order to increase targeted
rotation speed to 3095r/min; OPC solenoid valve will acts when actual rotation speed is over
3090r/min and DEH device will change target value to 3000r/min immediately.
3) HP, IP governing steam valve shall be closed and rotation speed of steam turbine shall decline.
4) HP, IP governing steam valve will open automatically when rotation speed declines to below
3000r/min and steam turbine will be maintained to operate stably at 3000r/min.
5.9.5 DEH 110% electric overspeed test (AST):
1) Record steam parameters: pressure and temperature of main steam; pressure, temperature of
reheat steamand vacuum value.
2) Contact thermal-technical personnel to shield “OPC overspeed test” solenoid valve at Engineer
Station.
3) Click “AST Overspeed Test” button at DEH overspeed test window and targeted rotation speed
will be set automatically by DEH device as 3240r/min; OPC overspeed (103%) protection will not
actts when actual rotation speed is over 3090r/min; when actual rotation speed is over 3300r/min,
110% overspeed protective action signal shall be sent to ETS system to act AST solenoid valve; HP,
IP main steam valve and governing steam valve and HP exhaust check valve shall be tightly closed.
4) When steam turbine trips, HP, IP main steam valve and governing steam valve and HP exhaust
check valve shall be inspected to confirm they are closed and that rotation speed shall be reduced.
5) When rotation speed drops to below 3090r/min, DEH overspeed protection will reset and steam
turbine shall be re-latched in order to maintain rotation speed of unit at 3000r/min.
5.10 Tightness test on HP, IP main steam valve and governing steam valve
1) Start-up oil pump and lubrication oil pump shall be in operation.
2) The unit shall be in stable operation at 3000r/min; bearing temperature and vibration/exhaust
cylinder temperature shall be normal.
3) Bypass system shall be in normal operation.
4) Axial displacement and vibration of unit shall be within a normal range.
5) generator circuit breaker shall be confirmed to be in opened state.
6) DEH system shall be in normal operation; interlock of lubrication oil system and EH system oil
pump shall be put into operation; turning gear should be in good spare state.
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1) Such test result shall be conforming as rotation speed of unit drops to below 1000r/min.
2) When main steam pressure is within the range of 50%-100% rated pressure, the value adopted to
determine if declination of rotation speed is conforming may be corrected based on the equation
below: n=P/P0×1000r/min
3) The starting and finish time and parameters of test shall be accurately recorded.
4) In the process of test, steam parameter and vacuum value shall be recorded once when 100rpm of
rotating speed is reduced.
5) The test shall be under the unified command by the shift leader; personnel shall be assigned
with respective work.
5.10.3 Steps of tightness test on main steam valve:
1) Enter “DEH test” interface and click “tightness test on main steam valve” button; solenoid valve
close with power, three main steam valves close slowly at the current opening till the main steam
valves are completely closed and the steam turbine idles.
2) After the test, click “valve test cancellation” button in DEH interface and restart the unit for
operation.
3) Jacking oil pump shall be put into operation when rotation speed of steam turbine declines to
1500r/min; and jacking oil pump shall be stopped when rotation speed is over 1500r/min.
4) In the process of tightness test on main steam valve, HP, IP, LP governing steam valve shall be
maintained open.
5.10.4 Steps of tightness test on governing valve: enter “DEH test” interface and click “tightness
test on governing valve” button; HP, IP, LP governing valve shall all be closed and HP, IP, LP main
valve shall be opened to full; the rotation speed starts declining.
1) After the test, click “valve test cancellation” button in DEH interface and restart the unit for
operation.
2) In the process of tightness test on HP, IP, LP governing steam valve, main steam valve shall be
maintained open.
5.11 Load rejection test
5.11.1 Test conditions
1) The unit shall be in good operating conditions; its vibration and expansion difference shall be
within an allowable range.
2) Performances of speed governing system shall conform to technical requirements by
manufacturers; speed change rate shall not be greater than 4.5%; delay rate shall be less than 0.06%;
quality of EH oil and lubricating oil shall be meet the requirement.
3) HP, IP automatic main steam valve, governing steam valve and HP exhaust check valve shall
operate smoothly.
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4) Tightness performance of HP, IP automatic main steam valve and governing steam valve shall
conform to requirements.
5) Bypass system shall be in normal standby conditions.
6) LP AC lubrication oil pump shall be in normal operation and have normal oil pressure; standby
lubrication oil pump, DC emergency oil pump and jacking oil pump shall be put into normal
standby.
5.11.2 Technical measures for load rejection test:
1) Open cylinder, front/rear drain valve of bypass and HP exhaust check valve to proper drain flash
tank in 30min advance of test and close them prior to the test.
2) Boiler shall be maintained the operation within rated steam parameters.
3) Special person shall be assigned to supervise tachometer of steam turbine head and in control
room; in case the rotation speed is over 3330r/min after load rejection, the unit shall be immediately
latch off and stopped; HP, IP automatic main valve and governing valve and HP exhaust check
valve shall be inspected to confirm if they are tightly closed.
4) After the load rejection, in case emergency governor acts, the unit shall be immediately latch on
in order to maintain its rated rotation speed.
5) In the process of test, close attention shall be paid to supervise oil return of all bearings and
change of oil return oil temperature, axial displacement and eccentricity.
6) In the process of test, special person shall be assigned to supervise vibration and sound of unit;
the unit shall be subject to latching and failure shutdown immediately after any abnormal vibration
or abnormal noise occurs.
5.11.3 Steps of load rejection test:
1) When the unit has been in stable operation with 70MW load for 1h, generator outlet oil switch
shall be released for test under 50% rated load; maximum soaring value and stable value of rotation
speed shall be recorded.
2) After above mentioned test, rated rotation speed of unit shall be restored and the unit shall be
subject to careful inspection in order the conform that it is under normal operation conditions; unit
resynchronize and increase the load to 125MW for 1h running, generator outlet oil switch shall be
released for test under 100% rated load, maximum soaring value and stable value of rotation speed
shall be recorded.
3) After the test, rated rotation speed of unit shall be restored and confirm the unit whether is in
normal running condition, then connect with power grid, restored the pretest condition of unit.
5.12 Tests on pumps
5.12.1 Tests on pumps shall be conducted in the following situations:
1) After pump installation or maintenance and overhaul.
2) After overhaul of operation switch or interlock circuit.
3) Prior to unit start-up.
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5.12.2 Static test on condensate water pump
1) Contact electrical operator to supply test power to condensate water pump ; check whether all the
green indicating light of each pump on DCS is lighting.
2) Close operation switch of each condensate water pump, green indicating light of each pump
operation switch turn off and red indicating light of each pump turn on, respectively open the
operation switch of each pump, then red indicating light of each pump operation switch turn off,
and green indicating light of each pump turn on.
3) Close operation switch of each pump and green indicating light of each pump operation switch
turn off and red indicating light of each pump turn on; push emergency button and red indicating
light of each pump operation switch turn off, and green indicating light of each pump turn on after
tripping.
4) Close the operation switch of one condensate water pump, and close interlock switch od another
pump; push the emergency button, green indicating light turn off and red indicating light is flashing
after linkage action; red indicating light of tripped pump turn off and green indicating light of
tripped pump turn on, and the emergency signal will be sended, close the operation switch of
standby pump, open the operation switch od tripped pump, also do the linkage test for another
pump with same method.
5) After the test, open operation switch of all pumps and release linkage.
5.12.3 Static test on circulating water pump
1) Contact electrical operator to supply test power to condensate water pump ; check whether all the
green indicating light of each pump on DCS is lighting.
2) Close operation switch of each circulating water pump and green indicating light of each pump
operation switch turn off and red indicating light of each pump turn on; open operation switch of
each pump and red indicating light of each pump operation switch turn off and green indicating
light of each pump turn on.
3) Close operation switch of one circulating water pump and press emergency button, running pump
trips, red indicating light of tripped pump turn off and green indicating light of tripped pump turn on,
and the emergency signal will be sended, open the operation switch of tipped pump, also do the
linkage test for another pump with same method.
4) After the test, close operation switch of each pump.
5.12.4 Static test on vacuum pump
1) Normal vacuum value of condensor shall be provided with the cooperation by thermal personnel;
water shall be make up to normal water level of water-steam separator.
2) Contact electrical operator to supply test power for motor of vacuum pump; green indicating
light of vacuum pump operation switch will light on DCS.
3) Close operation switch of each vacuum pump and green indicating light of each pump operation
switch turn off and red indicating light of each pump turn on; open operation switch of each pump
and red indicating light of each pump operation switch turn off and green indicating light of each
pump turn on.
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4) Close operation switch of one vacuum pump and green indicating light of running vacuum pump
operation switch turn off and red indicating light turn on; put vacuum pump into linkage and press
emergency button, red indicating light of tripped pump turn off and green indicating light of tripped
pump turn on after tripping of pump, at the same time emergency signal will come, standby pump
will act with interlocl. Close operation switch of standby pump, reset the operation switch of tripped
pump, and conduct the interlock test for another pump with same method.
5) Test on emergency button
Put one pump into operation and another pump into linkage standby; press emergency button
of operating pump and the operating pump shall trip and the standby pump shall in linkage;
meanwhile, open evacuate valve and the tripping pump shall have its red light flickering while the
pump in linkage shall have its green light flickering; reset switch of tripping pump and close switch
of pump in linkage. Conduct test on emergency button on another pump in the same manner.
6) Close operation switch of a vacuum pump and operation switch of such pump shall have its
green light off and red light on; the thermal personnel shall provide signal of condensor low vacuum
and standby pump shall be in linkage with its red light flickering; close operation switch of standby
pump and conduct low vacuum linkage test on another vacuum pump in the same manner.
7) Close operation switch of a vacuum pump and operation switch of such pump shall have its
green light off and red light on; the thermal personnel shall provide signal of steam separator low
level and the operating vacuum pump shall trip; pull down operation switch of tripping pump and
conduct the steam separator low level test on another vacuum pump in the same manner.
8) After the test, open operation switch of vacuum pump and release linkage switch.
5.12.5 Jacking oil pump:
Description Value Remark
Operating pressure of jacking oil 8.8Mpa～16.7MPa Normal
Jacking oil pressure should lower 10.0MPa Switchover standby oil pump
Jacking oil pressure should higher 14.0MPa Alarm for high jacking oil pressure
Differential pressure of jacking oil
0.42MPa* Alarm for filter element blockage
filter
Lifting height of jacking oil pump being put into operating: high-pressure oil lift the shaft
journal off the bearing pad (by 0.05-0.08mm).
5.12.6 Runnning requirements of smoke fan：
Oil smoke exhaust system consists of one demister and fans driven by two AC motors. It is
installed on the top of oil tank. One fan is used to operate and the other is standby. Its suction tube
stretches into the oil tank top to the upper area of oil level accumulating oil mist, connected to the
bearing pedestal through the oil smoke pipe. During the operation, the fan produces negative
micro-pressure so that the oil mist is extracted and discharged into air through the user pipe
connected to the pipe at the fan outlet. Demister is mounted at the suction side, and mixed gas get
through a series filter screen what are installed in the inside of demister to separate the liquid from
gas and send it back to oil return tank. One “vent valve type” butterfly valve is provided for each
demister and is installed at the suction side. Such valve is controlled by hand to regulate air flow
through the fan so as to adjust vacuum degrees in the oil tank and in the bearing pedestal of the
steam turbine. Such valve shall be regulated before the start-up to make the vacuum of 25-40mm
water column reached at the last bearing of low-pressure steam turbine (vacuum of 50-100mm
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water column reached at the oil tank).
The operation of oil smoke fan is controlled by the pressure switch at the upper part of oil
smoke extraction fan. If the limit of -0.5Kpa is reached, the standby oil smoke fan will start
automatically.
5.12.7 DEH linkage test of each oil pump:
1) Switching on and off test of EH oil pump
A) Separatly conduct closing and operating operation for EH oil pump, interlock tset for
emergency button, confirm that closing loop of switch is intact.
B) Separatly conduct closing and operating operation for circulating cooling oil pump of EH
oil , interlock tset for emergency button, confirm that closing loop of switch is intact.
1) Testing methods:
The testing methods are the same as those for the lubricating oil pump.
6 Requirements for steam turbine start-up and precautions
6.1 Basic requirements
1) The following must be provided for the on-duty post.
A) Steam turbine operation specification, steam turbine operation management system, related
regulations by the network department and part of representative specifications.
B) Steam, water and oil system flow drawings for the unit.
C) Handover diary, daily operation report, registration book of equipment defects, work permit,
test record book, etc.
D) Tools necessary to use: oilcan, listening rod, hook, flashlight, etc.
E) Fire fighting tools and cleaning tools.
F) Safety helmets.
1) After maintenance or overhaul of steam turbine, it must be accepted by the company and
workshop. It can only be started after all the overhaul work is completed, system is in the complete
state ready to be started, each rotary device and motor-driven valve are proved to be good through
the test, opening limits of motor-driven valve and pneumatic valve indicate correctly, and all the
overhaul work permit are recovered, unit can be started after receiving the command from shift
leader.
2) Equipment status must be fully mastered, and start-up tools and instruments shall be well
prepared before the start-up of unit. All the water column meters and oil gauges are intact, indicate
correctly, and are put into use. Communication work with other major shall be done well.
6.2 The performance of speed regulating system of steam turbine shall meet the following
requirements
1) When main steam valve is fully opened under rated incoming steam parameter and rated
vacuum, regulating system can maintain the rotating of steam turbine with zero load.
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2) The regulating system can ensure that the steam turbine unit operates stably in parallel.
3) When the steam turbine operates at the rated steam parameters and the rated load, in case of full
load rejection, the regulating system can control the rotating speed of steam turbine and action of
emergency governor will not be caused.
4) The change rate of rotating speed of regulating system δ is ≤5%.
5) Speed delay rateof regulating system ε is ≤ 0.1%.
6.3 Start-up of steam turbine should be forbided in the following cases
1) DEH, ETS (steam turbine trip control system), DCS and the main control system are not
normal (bypass protection), which affects the start-up and normal operation of unit.
2) The emergency shutdown button is not flexible to act. Jam fault or leakage occurs to the
high-middle-low combined steam valve and high exhaust check valve.
3) The speed regulating system cannot maintain the steam turbine operating with no load; or in the
case of full load rejection, the rotating speed cannot be maintained within the rotating speed of
emergency govenor’s action.
4) There is obvious metal fraction noise at the rptating part of steam turbine generator unit.
5) EH oil pumps, start-up oil pumps, AC oil pump, DC oil pump, jacking oil pump, or turning
gear work abnormally.
6) Failure of main protection device (such as over-speed, axial displacement, low oil pressure,
vacuum protection, etc.).
7) Main instruments work abnormally (such as tachometer, axial displacement, relative expansion,
metal thermometer of main cylinder, main reheat steam pressure gauge and thermometer, vibration,
vacuum meter, lubricating oil and EH oil pressure gauge, bearing pad thermometer, etc).
8) Thermal protection power supply is abnormal, and the automatic protection cannot be put in.
(such as cylinder spraying)
9) The oil quality of EH oil or lubricating oil not meet the standard after a chemical test. The
temperature of lubricating oil is below 37℃, the temperature of EH oil is below 21℃, and the oil
level of each oil tank is below the minimum oil level.
10) Static test of regulating security system not meet the requirements.
11) There is serious leakage for each system of steam turbine generator unit.
12) The pipe insulation is not complete for the steam turbine body and the main system pipe.
6.4 Instructions to steam turbine operators during the normal operation of unit
1) The vibration of steam turbine rotor is less than 0.05mm, and vibration velocity of each bearing
pad of steam turbine generator unit is less than 9.3 mm/s.
2) Notice that HP, IP, LP shaft seal temperature is between 280℃and 320℃, steam supply
temperature for LP shaft seal is 150℃. In case of any deviation, analyze the reasons immediately
and contact the related major to deal with it.
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3) The frequency shall be strictly controlled within 48.5 r/s—51.5 r/s during the operation of
steam turbine. The given scope shall not be exceeded so as to avoid damaging blades due to
resonance of blades arising from the operation beyond the limit for long time.
6.5 Security item and action value of steam turbine as follows
1) The steam turbine is provided with the security system that prevents over-speed. Such system
close compeletly the high-middle-low combined steam valve and the HP exhaust check valve
quickly in the case of over-speed accident. When the rotating speed is 3300rpm, security system
will act.
2) LP exhaust temperature is high, steam turbine will trip, action value is 121℃.
3) Action value of HP cylinder exhaust pressure high protection is 4.9MPa.
4) Vacuum is low will cause the tripping of steam turbine, action value is > -79.7KPa.
5) Lubricating oil pressure is low will cause the tripping of steam turbine, action value is
<0.048MP.
6) EH oil pressure is low will cause the tripping of steam turbine, action value is <9.3MPa.
7) Shaft temperature of steam turbine is high will cause the tripping of steam turbine, action value
is >75℃.
8) Shaft temperature of generator is high will cause the tripping of steam turbine, action value is >
75℃.
9) Vibration of steam turbine is high will cause the tripping of steam turbine, action value
is >0.254mm.
10) Axial displacement protection will cause steam turbine tirpping when axial displacement
is >+1.2mm or <-1.2mm.
11) 11) Differential expansion protection will cause steam turbine tirpping when differential
expansion is >+1.2mm or <-1.2mm.
6.6 Regulations on major and important operation
1) The following operations are major operations which must be conducted under the direction of
shift leader, workshop supervisor, production skill head, professional related to safety supervision,
specific responsibility engineer or person assigned by the workshop and under the supervision of
unit foreman.
A) Start-up and stop of steam turbine
B) Over-speed protection test
C) Input after major improvement of equipment or the first test of related new technology.
D) Switchover of oil system and regulation of oil pressure during the operation of steam
turbine, and stop and startup during overhaul of oil cooler.
E) Quit the condenser from operation during running of unit.
F) Activity tests of high-middle-low combined steam valve and HP exhaust vent valve.
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G) Test of full load rejection of unit.
2) The following important operations must be under the direction of main operator and the
supervision of person assigned by the main operator:
A) Switching of lubricating oil pump and DEH oil pump.
B) Initiation of overhaul measures for condensate water pump and input after the overhaul.
C) C) Maintenance procedure of condense water pump and startup of condensate water pump
after maintenance.D) Switching of recalculating cooling water system as well as opened
cooling water pump and closed cooling water pump.
E) Cleaning the condensor on the half side.
F) Test of each protection and linkage equipment.
G) Tightness test of vacuum system for steam turbine.
6.7 Requirements for switchover and operation of equipment system
1) In case of switchover of major and important equipment systems, the operation order shall be
filled in. After approval by the shift leader, such switchover shall be made under the supervision of
main operator.
2) Normal startup and shutdown and change of running mode of unit shall made by the
specific responsibility person under the organization of main operator and the order of shift leader.
3) All the operators and supervisors shall be served by persons who pass the examinations. The
subordinate shall not supervise the superior’s operation; persons who attend to learn shall not act as
supervisors. Persons who attend to learn and probationers shall not operate and work independently.
4) In case of any accident, it is allowed to operate without filling in the operation permit.
6.8 Matters need attention of steam turbine operator
1) Operators on duty must be familiar with the Specification and the parts related to this major in
Steam Turbine Operation Management System and Electric Safety Specification. They can work
independently only after they pass the examinations.
2) Operators must also observe the following provisions during work apart from guaranteeing
equipment safety and economic operation and dealing with all the exceptional cases correctly:
A) Obey the superior’s order, execute the superior’s instructions correctly and stick to their
posts.
B) Non-staff shall not have access to equipment.
C) Have the right to prohibit the maintainer from operating and debugging equipment without
an operation order
D) Do the cleaning work.
E) Complete all the temporary tasks issued by the superior promptly.
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6 7. Start-up, normal maintenance and stop of steam turbine
6.1 7.1 Division of start-up states
1) Hot or cold state of unit is automatically judged by main sequence control SGC of steam
turbine in DEH base on the temperature od cylinder and parameters from each parts; the specific
states are as follows:
A) Cold state: the metal temperature of inner wall after the first stage of high pressure cylinder
is less than 200℃.
B) Warm state: the metal temperature of inner wall after the first stage of high pressure
cylinder is between 200℃ and 390℃.
C) Hot state: the metal temperature of inner wall after the first stage of high pressure cylinder
is more than 390℃.
2) Division based on shutdown time:
Cold state: shutdown for more than 48 hours.
Warm state: start-up within 48 hours after shutdown.
Hot state: start-up within 48 hours after shutdown.
Selection of starting speed:
The start-up state is judged by computer, computer measure and get the actual cylinder
temperature, and compare with internal parameter in computer to judge the startup mode, and
decide the warming time and rasing speed rato, totally has 3 modes, “fast speed”, “normal speed”
and “slow speed”.
7.2 Check and preparation work before start-up of unit
1) After the steam turbine on-duty operator receives the start-up order from the shift leader, he
shall notify personnel on this post of making preparations prior to start-up of unit.
2) Confirm that all the work that will affect start-up of unit has been completed, that the work
permit has been cancealed, and that the acceptance qualifies.
3) Prepare tools, instruments, record, operation permit, etc. necessary for start-up.
4) Inspect all the equipment of unit. The equipment system shall be intact, instruments shall be
complete, the site shall be clean, the lighting shall be sufficient, and heat preservation shall be good.
5) Connect all the monitoring and detection instruments, and confirm that DCS and DEH devices
work normally and that DCS display is consistent with the actual status and the display on the
meter.
6) Check whether each protection switch is in opening position, and contact the thermal operator
to supply power for instruments, and protection and signal.
7) Contact the chemical operator, make sufficient preparations of demineralized water of which
quality shall be acceptable.
8) Oil shall be make up into the EH oil tank and the main oil tank to the maximum normal oil
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level, and lubricating oil and EH oil of steam turbine shall be meet the requirement.
9) The steam turbine protection test shall conform to the requirements.
10) Rotating direction of 6KV pump should correct, and static test should be normal; the
interlocking switch is on the “release” position.
11) No-load test and interlocks of all the 400V pumpare normal, the interlocking switch is on the
“release” position.
12) All the pneumatic adjusting valves are in good state and air pressure before valve meets the
requirements.
13) Oil pressure for all the hydraulic stop valves and adjusting valves meets the requirements.
14) DEH oil pressure and lubricating oil pressure meet the requirements.
15) Pressure of compressed air used for instruments shall be more than 0.75Mpa and less than
8.5Mpa.
16) Temperature of lubricating oil shall not be below 35℃ and temperature of EH oil shall not be
below 21℃.
17) Inspection for each system valve:
18) Inspection for each system valve:
A) Main steam, reheat steam and bypass system:
Main steam valve of main steam Close Adjusting valve of main steam Close
Drain water regulating valve before main
High-middle-and-low combined valve Close Open
steam valve put into automatic mode
Drain regulating valve before main Front manual valve of drain regulating
Open Open
steam valve put into automatic mode valve before main steam valve
Front manual valve of drain regulating
HP bypass attemperating valve Close Open
valve after motor-driven gate valve
HP bypass attemperating water hydraulic HP bypass attemperating water hydraulic
Close Close
regulating valve put into automatic mode stop valve
IP bypass attemperating water hydraulic IP bypass temperature reducing and
Close Close
stop valve pressure relief valve
Drain regulating valve before IP
IP bypass attemperating water hydraulic
combined steam valve put into automatic Open Close
regulating valve put into automatic mode
mode
LP bypass temperature reducing and Front manual valve of drain regulating
Close Open
pressure increasing hydraulic valve valve before IP combined steam valve
Drain regulating valve before HP
Front manual valve of drain adjusting
Open exhaust check valve put into automatic Open
valve before HP exhaust check valve
mode
Front manual valve of drain adjusting Drain regulating valve after HP exhaust
Open Open
valve after HP exhaust check valve check valve put into automatic mode
A) State of drain valve of steam turbine cylinder
Description Valve action State
Main sequence control STEP05 or STEP60 of
Drain valve of high-pressure main Open
steam turbine
steam valve
Close Main sequence control STEP26 of main turbine
Drain valve 1 of high pressure Wall temperature of high pressure cylinder<350℃
Open
cylinder Superheat degree of high-pressure main
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Drain valve 2 of high pressure steam<20℃
cylinder In case of opening of high exhaust vent valve
Drain valve 3 of high pressure (protection is Open)
cylinder Wall temperature of high-pressure cylinder>350℃
Close Superheat degree of high-pressure main
steam >30℃
Drain valve before IP main steam Open Main sequence control open it automatically
valve Close Main sequence control open it automatically
Main sequence control STEP05 or STEP60 of
Open
steam turbine
Before the intermediate-pressure
Main sequence control STEP26 of steam turbine
regulating valve Close
Opening of IP regulating valve>10%
Wall temperature of IP cylinder<200℃
Open
Drain valve of IP cylinder Temperature of IP rotor<310℃
Wall temperature of IP cylinder>230℃
Close
Temperature of IP rotor>340℃
Drain valve at the steam inlet of Open Rotating speed of steam turbine<2850m/min
low pressure cylinder Close Temperature of IP rotor>450℃
Temperature of IP rotor<310℃
Open
Drain valve at the back of low Wall temperature of IP cylinder<170℃
pressure cylinder Temperature of IP rotor>340℃
Close
Wall temperature of IP cylinder>190℃
Delay 90s after closing of HP exhaust check valve
Open When HP exhaust vent valve is
Drain valve of high pressure
opening( protection is in operation)
cylinder exhaust steam pipe
Delay 30s after opening of HP exhaust check
Close
valve
Vacuum system
Air vent valve of condensor Fully open Vacuum break valve Fully open
#1,#2 motor-driven valve at inlet

Fully close #1,#2 vacuum inlet valve Fully close
of vacuum pump
Make-up water solenoid valve of steam
Steam separator water level Normal Automatic
water separator
Water discharging valve of Manual valve before make-up water
Fully close Fully open
steam water separator solenoid valve of steam water separator
Primary valve of each pressure
Fully open
gauge
Condensate system
Water discharging valve of hot well

Close To spraying water regulating valve of condensor Close
of condensor
Valve at the inlet of #1, #2 To rear and front stop valve and spraying water
Open Open
condensate water pump regulating vave of condensor
Motor-driven valve at outlet of To drain valve on the vertical pipeline(before 关闭

Close
#1,#2 condensate water pump startup of condensor) Close
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#1.2 凝接水泵出口电
动门旁路门关闭 To drain valve on the vertical pipeline(before 开启
Bypass valve of motor-driven valve startup of condensor)
Close Open
at outlet of #1,#2 condensate water
pump
To attemperating water regulating valve of drain
Mechanical seal water valve of #1,
Open water flash tank Close
#2 condensate water pump
Air extraction valve of #1, #2 Stop valve rear and front attemperating water
Open Open
condensate water pump regulating valve of drain water flash tank
Condensate water to shaft seal Bypass valve of attemperating water adjusting
Open Close
cooler inlet valve valve of drain water flash tank
Condensate water to shaft seal
Open To seal water valve of vacuum break valve Open
cooler outlet valve
To pneumatic spraying water valve of low
Close
pressure cylinder
Stop valve after pneumatic spraying water valve
To closed water tank valve Open Open
of low pressure cylinder
To LP shaft seal attemperating To condensate recirculating water adjusting
Close Close
water regulating valve valve
Stop valve rear and ftont
attemperating water adjusting valve Open Open the front and rear stop valve
of LP shaft seal
Bypass valve of attemperating
water adjusting valve of low Close After filling water of multi-stage water seal Close
pressure shaft seal
Demineralized water system:

Main valve of #1, #2
#1, #2 pipe to make-up water adjusting valve of hot
incoming demineralized Open Automatic
well of condensor
water pipe
demineralized water to #1, #2 pipe to front and rear stop valves of feeding
Close Open
condensate water valve adjusting valve of hot well of condensor
To filling water valve of #1, #2 pipe to bypass valve of make-up water adjusting
Close Close
condensate water pipe valve of hot well of condensor
Opened and closeded circulating cooling water system:
Motor-driven inlet valve before water Outlet valve of auxiliary circulating water
Close Close
filling of auxiliary circulating water pump pump
Auxiliary circulating water to cooling
Air vent valve of auxiliary circulating
Close water valve of plate type cooler Open
water pump
Auxiliary circulating water to cooling
Chemical dosing valve Open Open
water valve of vacuum pump
Inlet valve of circulating water pump Open Outlet valve of circulating water pump Open
Closed water inlet valve of plate type Closed water outlet valve of plate type
Open Open
cooler cooler
Auxiliary circulating water inlet valve of Auxiliary circulating water outlet valve of
Open Open
plate type cooler plate type cooler
Oil system of steam turbine

Oil valves at the outlet and inlet
Oil discharge valve of main oil tank Fully close of oil filter Fully close
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Sampling valve of main oil tank and oil
Fully close Oil level meter of oil tank Input
cooler
Make-up oil valve of main oil
Sampling valve of oil purifier device Fully close Fully close
tank
Oil return valve of filter of smoke Smoke exhaust valve of main oil
Fully open Fully open
exhaust fan tank
Oil level difference between front and No.1 and 2 outlet damper of
rear oil screens of main oil tank is less 30mm smoke exhaust fan is in Started
than approporiate position
Oil valves at outlet and inlet of oil Oil valve at the outlet of oil
Fully close Fully open
purifier cooler
Oil valves at the outlet and inlet
Oil discharge valve of oil cooler Fully close Fully open
of lubricating oil filter
Air discharge valve at the oil side of oil Air vent valve of lubricating oil
Fully close Fully close
cooler filter
Primary valve of each pressure
Inlet valve after oil cooler Fully open Fully open
gauge
Valve state of steam seal system before start-up

1 HP shaft seal steam supplement pneumatic regulating valve Automatic
2 Ball valves front and rear HP shaft seal steam supplement pneumatic regulating Open
valve
3 Bypass ball valves front and rear HP shaft seal steam supplement pneumatic Close
regulating valve pressure shaft seal
4 Shaft seal steam supplement main pipe to inlet pneumatic valve of LP shaft seal Automatic
steam supplement attemporator
5 Condensate to stop valve front adjusting valve of ground pressure shaft seal Open
attemporator
6 Condensate to adjusting valve of ground pressure shaft seal attemporator Automatic
7 HP, IP, LP shaft seal return steam butterfly valve Open
8 Startup boiler steam inlet valve Close
9 Shaft seal steam supplement pipe and drain valve before and after regulating Open
valve(before warming)
10 Shaft seal cooler steam inlet valve Open
11 Drainer inlet and outlet valve of shaft seal cooler Open

12 Multi-stage water seal to air vent valve Close
13 Inlet valve of #1, #2 oil smoke fan Close
14 Seal shaft return steam to butterfly valve of condensor Automatic
15 Condensate water to water injection valve of multistage water seal Close
16 Stop valve before and after steam seal pipe automatic drainer Open
17 Bypass valve of steam seal pipe automatic drainer Close
18 Stop valve before and after HP shaft seal pipe automatic drainer Open
19 Bypass valve of HP shaft seal pipe automatic drainer Close
20 Stop valve before and after LP shaft seal pipe automatic drainer Open
21 Bypass valve of LP shaft seal pipe automatic drainer Close
7.3 Cold start-up requirements for unit
1) Check the normality of all oil systems of steam turbine and the electrical control system shall
ensure that all auxiliary oil pumps is capable of normally switching.
2) Firstly start AC lubricating oil pump with the oil pressure between 0.098 and 0.18MPa before
the unit start-up.
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3) Simultaneously observe the flow and temperature rising of return oil in oil return pipes of all
bearings. The oil level in oil return pipe shall be under the half-filled state.
4) Start the jacking oil pump before starting of turning gear and is allowed to run the turning gear
when the oil pressure between 9.3 and 16.7MPa.
5) Upon running the turning gear, listen to the metallic fricative in the cylinder and all shaft seals.
6) The oil temperature and oil level at the oil cooler outlet shall be normal.
7) Recirculating water should be smoothly flow in the condenser and make up water to hot well to
put condenser into running before startup of unit.
8) Shaft seal steam supplement inlet pipe should be warmed to ensure the inside of steam pipeline
without accumulated water, and steam supplement temperature should meet the requirement.
9) In any case, firstly supply the shaft seal with steam and then vacuumize it.
10) Check whether LP cylinder spraying water device operate normally.
11) Check whether hot well water level of condenser is normal.
12) All 6.6KV, 415V equipments have power supply.
7.4 Sliding startup parameters of unit
7.4.1 Operation before startup of heat recovery boiler
1) Start one oil smoke fan, adjust the opening of oil smoke fan air inlet valve and maintain the
negative pressure of main oil tank about -5kpa and put another oil smoke fan as standby.
2) Check oil level of main oil tank should be normal, start AC lubricating oil pump, maintain the
lubricating oil pressure between 0.096--0.124MPa and oil temperature 35-45℃ and
comprehensively check whether oil system has leakage, return oil of bearing is normal, start oil
purifying device according to the oil quality, oil level of oil tank should maintain within normal
range after startup of oil circulation..
3) Put low oil level of lubricating oil and axial displacement protection into running.
4) Check whether jacking oil pressure of all bearing of steam turbine are normal.
5) Input hydraulic turning gear device, listen to sound in the steam turbine whether is normal, oil
supplement and return oil of each bearing pad is normal( note: when turning gear is starting, low oil
pressure protection and interlock switch of each oil pump must be putted into operation at the same
time).
6) Start one EH oil pump and check whether EH oil system is normal.
7) Start one condensate water pump to supply water for boiler.
8) Fill water to multistage water seal of shaft seal cooler.
9) Pay attention to the cylinder temperature of steam turbine during the pipe warming of shaft seal
system.
10) Put steam turbine proper, pipeline drainage to drain water flash tank into automatic operation
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till the air vent valve is closed.
11) Put the high, medium and low bypasses into automatic operation.
12) Firstly supply steam for shaft seal and then vacuumize it under any condition.
13) The pressure behind regulating valve of shaft seal steam supplement main pipe is 23-27 kPa,
temperature 121℃-176 ℃ and the steam supplement temperature of low-pressure shaft seal is
150℃. The set value of LP cylinder steam seal attemperating spraying water controller is 150℃.
14) Put shaft seal cooler into running: start one heating fan for shaft seal, put another one into
standby mode..
15) Open the air vent valve of vacuum pump after steam supplement of shaft seal, fully close the
vacuum break valve and vacuumize the condensor.
16) Start one vacuum pump (when necessary, simultaneously start two vacuum pumps to reduce the
vacuumizing time) and check steam-water separator whether oil level is normal.
17) Make records on the following main parameters:
Absolute expansion of cylinder, axial displacement, metal temperature of HP, IP cylinders and
temperatures of all bearings and return oil of steam turbine, etc.
18) 19) Pay attention to control the amount of attenmpting water after the running of bypass,
regulate the temperature of HP bypass outlet, IP bypass outlet and LP bypass outlet. Put the
spraying wate of exhaust cylinderinto operation, and pay attention to the change of vacuum and
temperature of exhaust chamber.
7.4.2 Rolling conditions of steam turbine
1) HP, IP, LP combined steam valves and HP exhaust check valve are closed;
2) When the main steam pressure is bar, main steam pressure should be put it into automatic
control mode; When the reheat steam pressure is bar, main steam pressure should be put it into
automatic control mode; When the LP steam pressure is bar, main steam pressure should be put
it into automatic control mode.3) Put the drainage of steam turbine proper into automatic control;
3) Put the drainage of steam turbine proper into automatic control;
4) Superheat degree of main stream > 56 ℃, superheat degree of reheat steam > 56 ℃ and upper
and lower wall temperatures < 50℃;
5) The high-pressure shaft seal steam supplement temperature is between 250-300℃ and
low-pressure shaft seal steam supplement temperature is 150℃;
6) The lubricating oil pressure is between 0.096-0.124Mpa and the oil temperature is between
35-45℃;
7) The jacking oil pressure is between 10.3-14 Mpa;
8) The turning geat is under continuous operation.
9) The condensor vacuum is more than 90Kpa.
10) The continuous operation of turning gear is normal.
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11) 12) Protection and atomatic singal device of ST are normal and has putted into operation.
7.4.3 Start-up operation of steam turbine:
1) Check whether each part of steam turbine is normal ,confirm the ETS protection of steam
turbine is put into use.
2) Operator should operate by DEH:
3) Check whether turning geat device detach automatically when rotating speed is more than 4rpm
during rolling of steam turbine.
4) Rotation speed is set 600r/min to slowly warm the steam turbine for 120min.
5) After warming, confirm whether cylinder expansion, axial displacement, shaft vibration and
bearing pad vibration are normal. Continuously accelerate to 3000r/min and fix the speed of steam
turbine and then comprehensively check it.
6) Carry out emergency governoring test before acceleration under the compeletion of warming
with 500rpm, relatch and increase the rotating speed to rated rotating speed 3000rpm after test
finishing.
7) When rotating speed of unit is over 600rpm, stop the running of jacking oil pump.
8) The grid connection load set for the unit is 8.28MW; check the vibration, displacement and
expansion difference 15 minutes later. In case of all going well, gradually increase load with load
change rate 2MW/min.
9) If differential temperature of cylinder occurs in accelerating process, DEH will automatically
extend the warm-up time, when the rotating speed is critical rotating speed in accelerating process,
DEH will automatically increase the speed increasing rate and the specific speed rate is under
automatic control.
10) Carry out emergency governoring test by emergency governoring device in the indoor, and
confirm that HP, IP main steam valves and governing valve are tightly closed.
11) After test finishing, relatch and restore the rotating speed of steam turbine to 3000rpm.
12) Load shall be added on the sliding parameters after the grid connection of generator.
7.4.4 Conditions for automatic spraying water of cylinder
1) In case the steam temperature of stator blade ring of low-pressure cylinder is more than 180℃,
regardless of condition that the unit is under, LP cylinder spraying water control valve shall be
opened.
2) In case the rotation speed of steam turbine is more than 2850r/min and the condensor vacuum is
less than 7kPa (a) or more than 13kPa (a), if the wall temperature of low-pressure cylinder is more
than 90℃ or the steam temperature of stator blade ring of low-pressure cylinder is more than 120℃,
LP cylinder spraying water control valve shall be opened.
3) In case the rotation speed of steam turbine is less than 2850r/min or LP cylinder steam inlet
pressure is higher than 20% rated value (0.3745MPa) , LP cylinder spraying water control valve
shall be closed.
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4) In case the rotation speed of steam turbine is more than 2850r/min, the wall temperature of
low-pressure cylinder is more than 60℃ and the steam temperature of stator blade ring of
low-pressure cylinder is more than 100℃, LP cylinder spraying water control valve shall be closed.
7.4.5 HP exhaust vent valve:
The HP exhaust vent valve shall be closed when the unit is under normal operation and only
when ATT is triggered (valve test on steam turbine) or the rotation speed exceeds 1980r/min and
(the stream turbine trips, the pressure ratio protection of high-pressure cylinder is triggered or the
main steam valve or main governing valve is closed), the HP exhaust vent valve shall be opened.
7.4.6 Butterfly valve control and requirements of turbine steam seal system
Text description Valve action State
Pressure behind IP governing valve is more than
High-pressure steam seal leaks Open 0.7MPa and the rotation speed is more than 2580r/min
to the butterfly valve of IP Stream turbine tripping
cylinder Pressure behind IP governing valve is less than
Closed
0.65MPa
Pressure behind IP governing valve is less than
High-pressure steam seal leaks Open 0.65MPa
to the butterfly valve of IP rear Stream turbine tripping
cylinder Pressure behind IP governing valve is more than
Closed
0.7MPa
1) In case the HP rotor temperature is less than 200℃, the temperature range of steam source is:
240-300℃;
2) In case the HP rotor temperature is more than 300℃, the temperature range of steam source is:
280-320℃;
3) In case the HP rotor temperature is between 200-300℃, the temperature of steam source
changes within below range;
4) Maintain the shaft seal steam supplement main pipe pressure within 0.6-1.0Mpa;
5) Put the shaft seal overflow valve into automatic operation and maintain main pipe pressure
after shaft seal regulating valve about 3.5Mpa.
7.4.7 Steam turbine with load
1) Unit runs with 20% rated load after synchronization, gradually increase the opening of HP
governing valve till the parameters reach to rated parameter.
2) Carry out “CCS control” and such Control as required for boilers and as agreed by the shift
leader.
3) Conduct valve position switching, click ‘sequence valve’ button, put ‘sequence valve’ running
mode into operation.
4) Promptly start the drain water pump of drain water flash tank and pump the drain water into the
hot well of condensor to avoid the vibration of drain water flash tank.
5) In monitoring the temperature of exhaust cylinder, check the cylinder spraying water and
promptly start the spraying water for cylinder to control the temperatures at all points of exhaust
cylinder within allowable range.
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6) Pay attention to the operational condition of bypass system.
7) Promptly adjust the lubricating oil and the cooling water of EH oil cooler to maintain the
temperature of lubricating oil and EH oil within 37℃－57℃.
8) Put into opened cooling water and closed, guarantee the low temperature cooling water quantity
of closed cooling water for generator, oil cooler and vacuum pump.
9) With the increase in the unit load, the steam leakage pressure of high-pressure shaft seal
exceeds 3.5Mpa. Derive automation into the intermediate and low pressure cylinder for acting.
7.4.8 Attentions in start-up
1) Carefully make unit start-up record and monitor the temperature change trend of metals of
cylinder.
2) Pay attention to the normal vibration of bearings and any bearing vibration shall not exceed
9.3mm/s at any rotation speed; when exceeding the critical rotation speed, the bearing vibration
shall not exceed11.8mm/s or the relative bearing vibration exceeds 0.13mm, or it shall be promptly
tripped or stopped to find out reasons and forbid speed reduction in order to warm the unit up.
3) Strictly monitor sound in the steam turbine and the temperature of bearings and return oil of
steam turbine shall be normal.
4) In the process of rising speed and increasing load, notice the water level of condenser, shaft seal
steam supplement pressure and vacuum changing of condenser.
5) In the process of rising speed and increasing load, strictly monitor the changing in axial
displacement of steam turbine, cylinder expansion and vibration.
6) If automatic control function is not fitted for actual logical, timely contact the I&C personnel
to check and adjust.
7) Pay attention to the rising speed of main reheat pressure and steam temperature and strictly
control the rising speed of air temperature and steam temperature as required.
8) No matter what speed startup mode is adopted, DEH sequence control system will control load
and speed of boiler temperature rising and speed of boiler pressure rising with DCS on the basis of
previous inputted startup curve.
7.4.9 Control indexes in startup process

Pressure MPa 10.33
Main steam Temperature ℃ 563
Flow t/h 76.7
Pressure Mpa 3.328
HP exhaust Temperature ℃ 369.3
Flow kg/s 75.13
Pressure Mpa 2.918
Reheat steam
Temperature ℃ 551
Heat section
Flow t/h 88.30
Low-pressure steam Pressure Mpa 0.194
inlet pressure Flow t/h 150 (200)
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Temperature ℃ 247
Pressure Mpa 1.16
Low-pressure cylinder
Flow t/h 50
Exhaust steam
Pressure Kpa(a) 5.2 5.2
Flow t/h 305 206.53
Cooling water Temperature ℃ 20 20
Flow t/h 22100 22100
Lubricating oil
Range ℃ 37— 50 normal Alarm 37＜57＞alarm
temperature
Temperature
Main oil tank ℃ 68 Alarm
rising
Lubricating oil
Normal MPa 0.096～0.124
pressure
Lubricating oil
Less than MPa 0.0758—0.082 Alarm
pressure
Lubricating oil
Less than 0.33 Tripping
pressure
Outlet pressure of
Interlocked start-up standby pump and DC oil
lubricating oil pump 0.0758—0.082 MPa
pump
less than
Pressure difference of
lubricating oil filter 0.008 MPa Alarm and filter switching
more than
Outlet pressure of
lubricating oil filter 0.068—0.082 MPa Alarm and interlocked start-up of DC oil pump
less than
Effective volume of
main oil tank m3 40
(maximum oil level)
Effective volume of
L 900
EH oil tank
Bearing vibration mm ＜0.08
Bearing pad vibration mm/s ＜9.3
Bearing pad vibration
mm ＜0.13mm
under any condition
EH oil pressure MPa 11.04
Lubricating oil
MPa 0.12
pressure
Tungalloy temperature
90℃ Alarm 130 Tripping
of bearing pad
7.5 Shutdown operation
1) Inform boiler personnel to release the “CCS control”.
2) Switch over valve control mode, click “single valve control” button to switch “sequence valve
control” over to “single valve control” control and pay attention to the load change.
3) Check whether each part of unit is normal.
4) The load reducing speed of constant pressure shutdown of unit is 10MW/min.
5) Carefully observe the shaft seal pressure in the load reducing of unit.
6) Check the valve condition from shaft seal steam leakage to butterfly valve.
7) When the load of steam turbine is reduced to zero, manually click the shutdown button and
check that the HP and IP main steam valve, governing valve and HP exhaust check valve shall be
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tightly closed, split the generator and record the idling time of rotor.
8) Stop the operation of water ring vacuum pump and open the vacuum break valve.
9) Open the vent valve of pipeline drainage.
10) When the rotation speed is 1500r/min, start jacking oil pump and check whether jacking oil
pressure of each shaft of unit is normal.
11) Promptly adjust the water level of condensor and drain water flash tank to normal condition.
12) When rotor is static and the vacuum is zero, stop the steam supplement for the shaft seal and
the operation of shaft seal extraction fan.
13) Put into continuous turning gear and listen to the sound in parts of unit.
14) Stop the lubricating oil cooler of steam turbine and cooling water in the air cooler of generator.
15) When exhaust cylinder temperature is lower than 80℃ and downtrend of exhaust cylinder
temperature occurs, stop the operation of circulating water pump; when temperature of exhaust
cylinder is less than 50℃, stop the condensate water pump.
16) When metal temperature in the upper inner wall of high-pressure outer cylinder is less than
120℃ in continuous turning, turning gear, jacking oil pump and lubricating oil pump can be stopeed
(note: in case of no special conditions, the lubricating oil pump shall be continuously operated until
the metal temperature in the upper inner wall of high-pressure out cylinder is less than 100℃ upon
turning gear stopped).
7.6 Shutdown attentions
1) In the process of load reducing, strictly monitor the unit vibration and in case of any
abnormality, stop the load reducing and recover the load before vibration, delay the unit warm-up
time. If the vibration exceed the setting value of protection and protection not acts, should latch off
and stop the unit immediately.
2) Carefully monitor the temperature of steam exhaust room shall not exceed 过 80℃ and
promptly check the spraying water input of cylinder.
3) Pay attention to the return oil temperature and tungalloy temperature of bearing pad, and pay
attention to whether the supplied oil temperature meets requirements.
4) In the process of shutdown and load reducing, when metal temperature difference of HP inner
cylinder downer wall is more than 35℃, the load reducing shall be stopped.
5) When is reducing the load for shutdown, notice the shaft seal steam supplement pressure what
should be maintained within 0.6-1.0Mpa, pressure after shaft seal regulating valve what should be
maintained about Kpa and temperature what should be maintained within ℃- ℃.
6) When put bypass sytem into operation, strictly monitor the steam temperature behind the
bypass within specified range to avoid the pipe vibration and the accident of cylinder water ingress.
Latch off and stop the unit, switch bypass into manual mode and stop operation of bypass, close
attemperating water stop valve. Open
7) Reduce the load to zero, shut down the steam turbine, check the HP, IP, LP combined steam
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valve and tightly close the HP exhaust check valve. Inform to split the generator, pay attention to
the rotation speed and accurately record the idling time.
8) Pay attention to the automatic opening of pipe and drain water of proper.
9) When the rotation speed is 1500r/min, start the jacking oil pump and check the normality of oil
pressures of bearing head shafts.
10) When rotor is static and the vacuum is zero, stop the steam supplement for the shaft seal and
the operation of shaft seal extraction fan.
11) Put into continuous turning gear.
12) Complete other operations of shutdown.
7.7 Processing principles for protective actions
1) If ETS acts dueing running of unit, firstly complete necessary operations (such as ensure the
steam supplement for shaft seal, rotate oil pump and so on) and immediately check the reasons for
first actions of ETS and promptly report to the shift leader and main operator.
2) For correct ETS protective actions in the unit operation, in principle, Latching on and recovery
are not allowed and it shall be handled as failure shutdown. If the tripping resson has recoverded to
normal after unit tripping and latch-on condition requirement is met, should report to shift leader,
main operator that decide whether latch-on is conducted..
3) In case it is confirmed as protection malfunction upon ETS protective actions, promptly report
to the shift leader or main operator who shall decide the recovery and if the mulfuction reason is not
eliminated before unit latch-on, shift leader should decide whether release this protection
temporally.
4) Handle the unit tripping due to protective actions for unknown causes as emergency shutdown
and unit can be restarted after fault elimination.
5) Firstly find out the causes for protective actions of important auxiliary equipment and can not
aimlessly and forcibly put it into operation.
8. Auxiliary equipment of steam turbine
8.1 Operation and maintenance of rotating equipment
8.1.1 The rotating equipment before start-up shall meet the following conditions:
1) The overhaul is completed, work permit are completely withdrew, site is clean and tidy with
sufficient lightings, cover plates are complete and the insulation of equipment pipe is complete,.
2) The oil quality in the bearing is up to standard, the oil quantity is sufficient, the oil gauge is
intact, the equipment pipe is free of leakage, cooling water for bearing and mechanical seal water
flow smoothly and the return water is unblocked, too.
3) All meters and signals are complete, the valve of gauge are opened, the start-up switch is in
stop position and the linkage switch is in off-position.
4) The ground line of motor is in good condition, the double-wheel shield and anchor bolt are firm,
the manual operation of double-wheel is flexible and the emergency button is intact and useful.
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5) Switch-off, switch-on and various protection tests are useful.
6) Electric actuating mechanism and transmission are in good condition.
8.1.2 The following preparations shall be completed before the start-up of rotating equipment:
1) The water level of condenser, container of steam separator of vacuum pump and front basin of
circulating water pump are normal, oil level of EH oil tank, main oil tank, oil purifier are normal.
2) Open the inlet valve of centrifugal pump, close the outlet valve of it and contact the electrical
operator to supply the power..
3) As for inlet valve of condensate water pump which is in vacuum state, should open the air vent
before startup.
4) Filling the water should be conducted for water ring vacuum pump before startup.
8.1.3 Start-up, running and matters need attention of rotating equipment
1) Inform the electrical operator before the start-up of 6.6KV rotating equipment and before the
startup and after shutdown of DC rotating equipment.
2) Pay attention to the indication of ammeter before the startup of rotating equipment, only can
conduct other operation when the current indicator finish the fluctation from mximum current to
zero. If the current not return back within 30s or there has not indication or motor not rotate after
switch-on, should open the switch immedicately and inform the electrical operator to check.
3) Check whether current, output pressure, shaft vibration and motor vibration are normal after
startup of rotating equipment, and listen the inside sound what should be normal.
4) Gradually open the outlet valve to increase the load gradually, gradually close the recirculating
bypass valve until parameters meet the requirement, and check whether shaft seal is heat, regulate
the cooling water of seal and shaft..
8.1.4 Each contro index during the operation of rotating equipment
1) Inlet air temperature of motor shall be between 25-35℃ and not allowed to exceed 40℃.
2) The maximum temperature of motor casing 65℃ and the current shall not exceed the rated
value.
3) The cooling water inlet temperature of bearing shall not exceed 40℃, the outlet oil temperature
of oil cooler shall be within 37－45℃ and the return oil temperature of bearing shall not exceed
65℃.
4) Requirements for vibration values
(Double-amplitude)
750 以下
Rotation speed r/min 3000 1500 1000
Below 750
Vertical vibration mm ＜0.05 ＜0.085 ＜0.1 ＜0.12
5) The temperature of rolling bearing shall not exceed 100℃ and sliding bearing shall not exceed
80℃.
6) Trial operation shall be carried out for 30-60min after overhaul of rotating equipment and check
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whether work is normal.
8.1.5 Maintenance and inspection of rotating equipment
1) Regularly check the pressure of pump inlet and outlet and motor current, if abnormality occurs,
should analyze and handle it timely.
2) The bearing and oil tank of rotating equipment shall be refilled the oil timely to maintain the
normal oil level.
3) Oil ring of oil ring shaft should be flexible in running and oil should should be distributed
evenly.
4) Release the linkage switch before shutdown of rotating equipment, close the outlet valve( and
open the recirculating valve of volume pump), then open the operation switch, current of motor
should be zero, therefore, the idling of equipment should be normal.
8.1.6 Stopping of pump with fault
In case of one of following conditions, the pump shall be stopped for emergency fault (in case
the emergency button is used to stop it, the time to press the emergency button shall be no less than
1min):
1) Human accident occurs on motor or line.
2) Motor on fire or smoking.
3) Strong vibration in motor.
4) Abnormal noise occur in motor in running and ritating speed drop hugely.
5) Frication between rotor and static part and partial mechanical damage.
8.1.7 Condition of stopping abnormal equipment and starting standby equipment
In case of one of following conditions occur, firstly start up the standby equipment and then
stop the abnormal equipment:
1) Vibration exceeds specified value.
2) Bearing temperature exceeds specified value.
3) Motor has abnormal noise or smells burnt.
4) Stator current exceeds specified value.
8.1.8 Switching operation of standby pump and running pump
1) Check whether running pump runs normally, release the interlock switch.
2) Close the outlet valve of pump which will be started, inform electric operator, click the “Start”
button of startup pump.
3) Check the normality of start-up pump and then open the outlet valve, confirm that start-up
pump is running with load.
4) Close the outlet valve of pump which will be stopped and click the “stop” button of it..
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5) If need to put the interklock of stopped pump into operation as standby, open the outlet valve,
and switch on the switch of interlock.
6) For the linked standby pump, motor operating switch can be directly switched on and the outlet
valve need not be closed in emergency.
8.2 Condensate water pump
8.2.1 The condensate water pump before start-up shall meet the following conditions:
1) The overhaul or installation of condensate water pump are completed, work permits are
withdrawed, the site is clean and tidy with sufficient lightings, the cover plate are complete and flat
and the equipment pipe is free of leakage.
2) The inner oil of bearing is sufficient and qualified, the oil gauge is useful and the oil level is at
1/2－2/3.
3) All meters and signals are complete, valves of meter are opened with correct indications.
4) The ground line of motor is in good condition, the double-wheel shield and anchor bolt are firm,
and the emergency button is in good condition.
5) Switch-off, switch-on and various protection tests are useful.
6) The trail rotation direction of motor is correct.
7) Electric actuating mechanism and transmission, as well as switch test on outlet motor-driven
valve are useful.
8) The water level of condensor is at 600－772mm.
9) Open the inlet valve of condensate water pump, air sucking valve and main valve and branch
valve of seal water valve, the bearing cooling water is inputted and smooth, close the outlet
motor-driven valve.
10) Motor of condensate water pump and outlet motor-driven valve are qualified in insulation and
power supplied.
11) The condensate system is in standby mode.
8.2.2 Condensate water pump start-up:
1) Confirm the condensate water pump meets the start-up conditions.
2) Release the “interlock” switch of condensate water pump.
3) Close outlet motor-driven valve.
4) Notify the electrical operator to start the condensate water pump.
5) Click the “start-up” button of condensate water pump, check whether current, pressure,
vibration, sound and bearing temperature are normal, and mechanical seal shall be free of water
throw-off phenomenon and heating phenomenon.
6) Open the outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump, and conduct comprehensive
inspection for virbration, bearing temperature, mechanical seal and running condition of pump what
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should be normal.
8.2.3 Shutdown of condensate water pump:
1) Relieve the interlock switch of condensate water pump.
2) Close the outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump (pay attention to the change in
condensate flow).
3) Click the “stop” button of condensate water pump.
4) If need to open the outlet motor-driven valve of standby pump after shaft stopping rotating of
pump, close the ‘interlock’ switch.
8.2.4 Switching of condensate water pump
1) Check the condensate water pump which will be started is under good standby condition.
2) Relieve the “interlock” switch of condensate water pump.
3) Close the outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump (pay attention to the change in
condensate flow).
4) Inform electric operator to start the condensate water pump.
5) Click the “start-up” button of condensate water pump which will be started.
6) Ceck whether current, pressure, vibration, sound and bearing temperature are normal, and
mechanical seal of started condensate water pump should be normal.
7) Open the outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump.
8) Close the outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump to be stopped.
9) Click the “stop” button of condensate water pump for stopping.
10) Open the outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump after shaft stopping rotating of
pump( pay attention to the change of condensate water pressure and flow)
11) Put into “interlock’ switch of condensate water pump.
8.2.5 Overhaul procedure for condensate water pump with water supply stopping
1) Relieve the “interlock” switch of condensate water pump.
2) Close the outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump.
3) Stop the power suppy for motor and outlet motor-driven valve of condenser water pump.
4) Close the inlet valve of condensate water pump.
5) Close the air vent valve of condensate water pump.
6) Close packing seal and cooling water valve of condensate water pump and pay attention to the
vacuum of condensor and working condition of operating pump.
7) Hang the plate of “Forbidden to operate, personnel is working’on above valves.
8) In case the input pressure of pump reaches zero, notify personnel to conduct maintenance work.
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8.2.6 Recovery for maintenance procedure of condensate water pump:
1) Confirm that overhaul of condensate water pump is completed and work permits are withdrew.
2) Check all parts of condensate water pump are in good condition.
3) Open the seal and cooling water valve of condensate water pump.
4) Gradually open the air sucking valve of condensate water pump fully and pay attention to the
change in condensor vacuum and the outlet pressure of condensate water pump which is in running.
5) Slowly open the inlet valve of condensate water pump to full open.
6) Check whether all parts of condensate water pump is normal, then inform electric operator to
supply power for motor and outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump.
7) Open the outlet motor-driven valve of condensate water pump.
8) Put into the “interlock” switch of condensate water pump.
8.2.7 Linked standby condition of condensate water pump:
1) Inlet valve, outlet valve and air vent valve are opened.
2) Mechanical seal water valve and cooling water valve are opened.
3) The oil level in the bearing chamber is normal.
4) ‘Interlock’ switch is closed, and motor of pump has power supply.
8.3 Circulating water pump
8.3.1 Inspection before start-up of circulating water pump:
1) The overhaul of circulating water pump is completed, the work permits are completely
withdrew and surrounding ground is clean and free of sundries.
2) The auxiliary cooling water pump is started and the front tank water level of circulating water
pump is normal.
3) Inlet motor-driven valve of circulating water pump is opened, hydraulic control outlet valve is
intact.
4) The motor insulation of circulating water pump is up to standard and with power for stand-by.
5) The oil presssure of hydraulic butterfly valve on the pump outlet is normal.
6) The bearing oil level,seal water and cooling water of pump unit are normal.
8.3.2 Start-up of circulating water pump
1) Notify the electrical operator to start the circulating water pump.
2) Click “start-up” button of circulating water pump on DCS interface and the red light of start-up
button is on.
3) Check whether the current, outlet pressure of circulating water pump is normal and shaft is
without vibration.
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4) Check whether the outlet hydraulic control device of circulating water pump is normal, open
the outlet valve to 30% position when fill the water for circulating water pipeline at first time, and
then fully open the outlet valve of pump after full filling water of circulating water pipeline.
8.3.3 Circulating water pump stopping:
1) Click “stop” button of circulating water pump on DCS interface and the green light of stop
button is on.
2) Check whether the outlet hydraulic control device of circulating water pump is normal, close
the outlet hydraulic butterfly valve.
3) Check whether pressure of circulating water mian pipe is normal, and pump is without
reversing rotation phenomenon.
8.3.4 Rotation of circulating water pump
1) Notify the electrical operator to start the circulating water pump.
2) Click “start-up” button of circulating water pump on DCS interface and the red light of start-up
button is on.
3) Check the normality of current and outlet pressure of circulating water pump and the bearing is
free of vibration.
4) Check the normality of control device actions of hydraulic valve on outlet of circulating water
pump and open the outlet valve.
5) Confirm the running circulating water pump is under normal operation.
6) Click “stop” button of circulating water pump on DCS interface and the green light of stop
button is on.
7) Check the normality of control device actions of hydraulic valve on outlet of circulating water
pump and close the outlet valve.
8) Check whether the pressure of circulating water main pipe is normal after shutdown of
circulating water pump, pump should has not reversing rotation phenomenon.
8.3.5 Standby condition of circulating water pump
1) The outlet hydraulic valve is closed and the hydraulic control system is normal.
2) Put mechanical sealing water into operation.
3) Oil level of all bearings is normal and the pump motor is charged.
4) The cooling water inlet valve of air cooler of motor is closed and heating of motor is in
automatic mode.
8.4 Water ring vacuum pump
8.4.1 Inspection on water ring vacuum pump before start-up:
1) The water level of steam-water separator is normal, make-up water manual valve and
motor-driven valve on the suction port are opened and make-up water solenoid valve is in automatic
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control.
2) The motor insulation of water ring vacuum pump and circulating water pump is up to standard
and under standby condition.
3) Indications on liquidometer and pressure gauges are normal.
4) The water level of steam-water separator is normal.
5) The operating switch is in remote control position.
8.4.2 Start-up of water ring vacuum pump:
1) Start water ring vacuum pump, check whether outlet pressure is normal.
2) Start water ring vacuum pump, click “start-up” button of water ring vacuum pump on DCS
interface and the red light of start-up button is on.
3) Check whether current, water level of steam-water separator and vacuum at inlet are normal,
and shaft of pump should be from vibration and leakage.
4) Check that the inlet motor-driven butterfly valve of running water ring vacuum pump is
opened.
5) Adjust the cooling water of cooler and keep the water temperature normal.
8.4.3 Stopping of water ring vacuum pump
1) Stop the water ring vacuum pump, click “stop” button of water ring vacuum pump on DCS
interface and the green light of stop button is on.
2) Check that inlet pneumatic butterfly valve of running water ring vacuum pump is closed.
3) Stop the cooling water of cooler.
8.4.4 Switching of water ring vacuum pump:
1) Start the water ring vacuum pump, release the interlock switch, click the “Start” button of water
ring vacuum pump on the DCS panel, then the red light of startup button is lighting.
2) Check whether the current, vacuum at inlet and water level of steam-water separator are normal
and shaft of pump should be free from vibration and leakage.
3) Check whether the inlet pneumatic butterfly valve of running water ring vacuum pump is
opened.
4) Adjust the cooling water of cooler, main the water temperature within normal range.
5) Confirm that the running water ring vacuum pump operates normally and vacuum of condensor
is normal.
6) Stop the water ring vacuum pump by clicking the “Stop” button of water ring vacuum pump on
the DCS panel, green indicator of ‘Stop’ button is lighting.
7) Check whether the inlet pneumatic butterfly valve of water ring vacuum pump is closed and
vacuum of condensor is normal.
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8) Stop the cooling water of cooler.
9) Stop the water ring vacuum pump.
10) Switch on the interlock switch.
8.4.5 The linkage standby state of vacuum pump:
1) The motor-driven valve of air suction port is opened, inlet pneumatic butterfly valve is closed.
2) Make-up water manual valve of steam-water separator is opened, solenoid valve is in automatic
control, and the water level of steam –water separator is normal.
3) The linkage switch is on and the motor of self- circulating water pump is charged.4) The
cooling water valve of operating cooler is opened.
8.5 Condensor
8.5.1 Water supply for condensor
1) Overhaul of condensor is completed. The system is inspected and intact. Work permit is
withdrew, inlet and outlet water valve of condenser are closed.
2) The airvent valve on the circulating water outlet pipe of condenser is closed.
3) Start the vacuum pump of water chamber; open the water chamber vacuum valve; the water
side of condensor shall be vacuumized.
4) Vacuumize the water chamber till its pressure reaches 90Kpa. Then close the vacuum valve,
stop the vacuum pump of water chamber.
5) Inform the on-duty staff of circulating water pump house to start the circulating water pump.
6) Open the inlet butterfly valve of condenser after circulating water pressure becoming normal.
7) Supply water for condenser, open 30% outlet butterfly valve of condenser when the inlet
pressure of condenser is rising to 1.0Mpa, then fully open the outlet valve after completion of return
warer pressure establishing.
8.5.2 Maintenance during the running of condensor:
1) Analyze whether the condensor operates normally by comparing with steam exhaust
temperature and vacuum based on the terminal temperature difference, temperature rising and inlet
pressure of condensor. If copper pipe is dirty, connect with maintenance personnel to clean it.
2) If the conductivity and hard of condensate water is increasing, connect with chemical personnel
to analyze, if necessary, conduct the inspection to find the leakage point.
3) Rubber ball cleaning device should be run normally.
8.5.3 Leakage checking and cleaning during the operation of condensor:
1) Stop the running of rubber ball system.
2) Report to the shift leader. Prepare to stop the running of half side of condenser for cleaning or
leakage checking, vacuum and exhaust temperature of condenser should be normal.
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3) Connect with shift leader to reduce the unit load below 60％ of rated load and inspect whether
the vacuum pump operates normally.
4) Stop the operation of rubber ball cleaning system and stop the power supply for motor of
rubber ball pump.
5) Close the air vent valve of condenser at steam side, pay attention to the vacuum change of
condenser.
6) Slowly close the circulating water inlet valve at the stopped side of condensor. Pay attention to
the vacuum of condensor what shall be lower than 90Kpa, as well as the temperature changes of
exhaust cylinder. If the temperature exceeds the limit, sparying water for exhaust cylinder shall be
putted into operation or continusly reduce the load.
7) Close the circulating water outlet valve at the stopped side of condensor. Open the circulating
water discharging valve and air vent at the stopped side of condensor and pay attention to vacuum
changes. If pipe leakage of condenser is serious, should pay attention to the vacuum dropping
condition; if the vacuum drops fastly, should close the air vent valve and water discharging valve of
circulating water pipeline of condenser, and report the condition to shift leader to decide the
operation mode.
8) Discharge all water in the circulating water pipeline of condensor at the stopped side, maintain
the vacuum within the allowable scope and cut off the power for the motor-driven valve at the inlet
and outlet of condensor at the stopped side.
9) Open the upper manhole door at the water side of condensor at stopped side, if the vacuum has
not any change then opening downer manhole door, maintenance work shouldbe conducted when
the pressure water chamber is dropping to 0, when opening the manhole door of circulating water
chamber of condenser, should pay attention to the vacuum change, if the vacuum drops fastly,
immerdiately close the manhole door and report to shift leader.
10) Vacuum and exhaust steam temperature change condition of condensor shall be strictly
monitored in the whole cleaning or linkage inspection process and work shall be immediately
stopped in case of finding abnormity and rapid decrease of vacuum.
8.5.4 Recovery of condensor after leakage inspection and cleaning:
1) Cleaning or leakage inspection for condensor end, all safety measures are removed and work
permit is withdrew.
2) Inspect that the manhole door of circulating water chamber of condensor which has maintenance
work has been closed, close the water discharge valve at the circulating water side of condensor at
the pre-input side, and contact electrical operator to supply power to circulating water inlet and
outlet motor-driven valve of condenser at pre-input side.
3) Slightly open the motor-driven valve at circulating water outlet of condensor at the pre-input side
for filling water, when bubble appears at air vent valve of pipeline, close the air vent valve, fully
open the circulating water outmet motor-driven valve, check circulating water chamber and
circulating water pipeline of condenser what should be without leakage phenomenon.
4) Fully open the circulating water inlet motor-driven valve.
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5) Open the air valve at the steam side of condensor at running side.
1) If the aother side also needs cleaning or leakage block, aother side shall be stopped in
accordance with the above methods after normal operation of in-put side.
9) Vacuum and exhaust temperature of unit shall be inspected and then report to shift leader, and
regulate the load when unit is running stably
8.6 Requirements of lubrication system

8.6.1 Oil cooler and oil charge of lubrication system:
1) Oil level in main oil tank is above 100mm, oil temperature is greater than 25℃, and when the
unit is in normal operation, the oil shall be heated when the oil temperature lower than 35℃ and
the heating is stopped when the oil temperature reaches 40℃. Alarm will be given when the oil
temperature in the oil tank is up to 68℃..
2) Oil system operation ends, oil quality is qualified and the equipment is complete, the oil tank and
oil supply pipeline have no leakage, and the low-voltage AC and DC lubrication pump supplies
power.
3) Start low-voltage lubricating oil pump, slightly open oil inlet valve of oil filter and oil cooler for
oil charging, close the air vent valve of oil filter and oil side of oil cooler when oil appears, fully
open the oil cooler, oil inlet valve and oil outlet valve of oil filter..
4) When charging the oil for lube oil system, should pay sttention to the oil level change of main oil
tank.
5) Inspect that the lubricating oil system shall have no oil leakage.
6) Lubricating oil pressure shall be maintained within 0.098-0.12Mpa.
7) Oil level in main oil tank shall be in the scope of－100-+125mm after oil charge of lubricating
oil system.
8.6.2 Water supply of oil cooler:
1) Supply water to the oil cooler when the oil temperature at the outlet of oil cooler exceeds 45℃.
2) Open air vent valve at water side of oil cooler, slightly open the water inlet valve of oil cooler,
and close the air vent valve at water side when water appears, open water outlet valve of oil cooler
and adjust the outlet oil temperature within the scope of 40－45℃ by water inlet valve.
3) Note that water pressure of plate type cooler of oil cooler shall not be more than oil pressure.
8.3.6 Condition of standby oil cooler in the operation of unit:
1) Standby oil cooler is filled with oil.
2) Oil inlet valve of standby oil cooler is opened, and oil outlet valve is closed.
3) Cooling water valve on the outlet of standby oil cooler is opened and cooling water on the inlet
of standby oil cooler is closed.
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8.6.4 Input of standby oil cooler in the operation of unit:
1) Slightly open the water inlet valve of standby oil cooler.
2) Slowly open the oil outlet valve of standby oil cooler and meanwhile adjust the oil temperature
within the scope of 40－45℃ by cooling water inet valve and the oil pressure shall be normal.
8.6.5 Stopping of oil cooler in the operation of unit:
1) Standby oil cooler shall be inputted firstly and the oil pressure and temperature shall be normal.
2) Slowly close the throttle at the outlet of pre-stopped oil cooler and maintain the oil temperature at
the outlet of operating oil cooler within the scope of 40－45℃; lubricating oil pressure shall be
normal and free of change.
3) Close the water valve at the inlet of pre-stopped oil cooler.
4) if oil cooler which is stopping is needed to operate, oil inlet valve and water outlet valve shall be
closed and the warming “someone is working here and operation is prohibited” shall be hung on the
oil inlet valve, oil outlet valve and water valve of oil cooler.
8.6.6 Requirements for oil cooler in the operation:
1) Oil temperature adjustment of oil cooler shall be carried out by the water inlet valve and water
outlet valve shall be fully opened.
2) Water pressure of oil cooler shall not be greater than oil pressure.
3) Operation mode of oil cooler shall be one for operation and one for standby application and
parallel operation mode is generally not used.
8.7 Startup and stopping of oil purifier

8.7.1 Preparation before starting:
1) Take the sample at the sampling point or bottom of main oil tank to confirm the condition of
oil quality s for steam condition before startup.
2) Open the inlet and outlet valve which is connected to the device if oil purifier is need to put into
operation.
3) Adjust the control value P1 of pressure controller: P1=0.35～0.5Mpa
4) Close the air vent valve and water discharging valve.
8.7.2 Operation
1) Open the oil inlet ball valve, intermediate valve, outlet valve and the air vent valve on the top;
start the oil delivery pump to inject oil into device, and exhaust the air inside the device at the
same time. A specially-assigned person shall monitor the air vent valve when injecting oil into
device so as to check whether a leakage exists or not. If there is a leakage, shut off the oil pump
promptly to stop the oil inlet valve, close control valve which is connected to the oil tank and
adopt corresponding measures to eliminate it.
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2) When air vent valve is spilling oil, oil in equipment is full, and close the air vent valve timely.
3) If oil level of purifier is over the electric heater, then put the electric heater into operation and
the heating temperature is 70℃-75℃.
4) A high pressure alarm may appear after starting the device, which is generally caused by low
oil temperature; in this case, adjust the value P1 of pressure controller to 0.5-0.6Mpa, and adjust it
back to specified value 0.35-0.5Mpa when the operation is normal.
5) It is required that the oil temperature shall be heated to 50℃ before putting into operation with
the highest temperature no more than 75℃.
8.7.3 Observation of operation and water discharging.
1) Monitor the secondary filter differential pressure which shall be lower than the set value.
Differential pressure of fine filter：ΔP ≥0.35Mpa
The differential pressure of secondary filter: ΔP secondary filter is equal to or greater than
0.35Mpa
(ΔP 精滤器=P 精滤器入口-P 精滤器出口 )
(ΔP secondary filter is equal to P secondary filter inlet -P secondary filter outlet)
The differential pressure of super secondary filter: ΔP super secondary filter is equal to or
greater than 0.35Mpa
2) If the differential pressure of secondary filter, super secondary filter and separator is higher than
the set value, the device will automatically alarm; alarming means that the filter element is blocked
and needs to be replaced. If the differential pressure of separator suddenly drops to nearly zero, it
shows that the filter element is damaged and needs to be replaced promptly.
3) Monitor the device to check whether the operation sound is normal, whether the heat
temperature rising of motor is too high, and whether there is a leakage point in the device.
4) In the initial operation stage of device, the oil contains a high quantity of water; if the water
level of water level indicator at the coalescer’s bottom is higher than 10cm, the water discharging
valve shall be opened to discharge water with an operating time of 2 hours a day; water shall be
discharged timely before starting the device. The air vent valve on the top of separator shall be
opned one time a month.
5) Chemical personnel should sample the sampling by sampling valve everyday to analyze the
result of purification. If the oil quality is not qualified, the purification time shall be extended.
8.7.4 Stopping of oil filter from running:
First put the heating system (five minutes later) out of running and then stop the operation of
motor, close oil inlet valve of device.
8.7.5 Blowdown, washing and replacement of filter element
1) Device should be blowdown after long-term running or during maintenance, and should stop
the device before blowdown and maintenance.
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Attention: Due to uncomplete extraction of filter, secondary filter and super secondary filter
during the extraction process, should be careful when opening the blowdown valve, and also should
prepare a bowl to put it under the bottom of blowdown valve of secondary filter and super
secondary filter.
2) Blowdown of filter
Close the oil inlet valve, intermediate valve, and open the blowdown valve to discharge
pollution.
3) Replacement of secondary filter and super secondary filter:
A) Close the oil inlet valve and intermediate valve;
B) Open the blowdown valve to discharge pollution;
C) Loosen the screw(M10×35) on the top of super secondary filter, and open the cover;
D) Replace a set of super fine filter element after blowdown.
4) Washing and replacement of filter element of separator:
A) If the differential pressure of separator exceeds the specified scope, then it is needed to
replace the coalescence filter element and wash the separation filter element. Oil inside the
separator shall be pumped out before the change and wash.
B) Stop the oil pump from operating and cut off the power, close the oil inlet valve,
intermediate valve and outlet valve of purifier.
C) Open the air vent valve on the top.
D) Open the water discharging valve of separator to discharge the water inside the separator,
and close it only when oil flow occurs.
E) Open the ball valve, start the oil deliver pump and stop the unit after full extraction of oil.
8.7.6 Alarm
1) High pressure alarm: it occurs due to the unfull opening of oil outlet valve or blocking of
separator or blocking of secondary filter.
2) Alarm of secondary filter: it is caused by the blocking of secondary filter, and the filter element
needs to be replaced.
3) Alarm of super secondary filter: it is caused by the blocking of super secondary filter, and the
filter element needs to be replaced.
4) Alarm of separator: it is caused by the blocking of coalescence filter element, and the filter
element needs to be replaced.
5) If the device gives an alarm, eliminate the alarm and then restart.
6) Alarm signal is send to central control room for monitoring in real time by output signal
terminal.
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8.7.7 Causes and elimination methods of common faults:
1) Alarm of secondary filter and super secondary filter
A) Cause: filter element is blocked.
B) Treatment: replace the fine filter element, and conduct blowdown for secondary filter
2) Alarm of separator:
A) Cause: coalescence filter element is blocked.
B) Treatment: replace coalescence filter element; wash and separate the filter element at the
same time.
3) Sudden disappearance of differential pressure of separator:
A) Cause: coalescence filter element is broken by liquid flow.
B) Treatment: change coalescence filter element promptly
4) No water running out or little water running out after changing the coalescence filter element
A) Cause: the coalescence filter element is made up of materials with strong water absorption
capacity, and it can only separate water after enough water absoption.
B) Treatment: the coalescence filter element absorbs enough water, then water will naturally
run out.
5) The effect of separating water is poor under the condition of same water quality:
A) Cause: it is because that oil contains bubbles what will assemble above the separator, thus
reducing the efficiency of filter element.
B) Treatment: open the air vent valve above the separator regularly to eliminate the gas inside
the separator promptly, so as to guarantee the efficiency of filter element.
8.8 Jacking oil pump and turning gear device
8.8.1 Start of jacking oil pump:
1) When the operation of jacking oil system is finished, clean up the device and surrounding
ground, take back the work ticket; and the lubricating oil system of steam turbine starts to operation.
2) Contact electrical operator to supply the power for two motors of jacking oil pump.
3) Start one jacking oil pump, and when it operates normally, the jacking oil pressure should be
8.6Mpa-16.7Mpa; if oil pressure is less than or equal to 8.6Mpa, should switch into standby pump;
if oil pressure reaches 17Mpa, pump shall be stopped to check the oil overflow valve and
adjustment shall be made.
4) Check the pipeline of jacking oil and make sure there is no leakage.
8.8.2 Attentions of jacking oil pump:
1) If there is an alarm due to high differential pressure of filter screen of jacking oil pump, the
pump shall be stpped timely to clean the filter screen.
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2) Two jacking oil pumps could not operate at same time in general conditions.
3) It will alarm when the jacking oil pressure reaches 65℃and when the jacking oil pressure
reaches 70℃ in cold state; in this case, the jacking oil pump shall be stopped to find causes.
8.8.3 Starting condition of turning gear:
1) The normal scope of lubricating oil pressure is 0.098-0.18Mpa;
2) When the jacking oil pump is putting into operation, the oil pressure shall be 8.6-16.7Mpa.
8.8.4 Startup of turning gear:
1) The rotation speed of turning gear of unit is 3r/min
2) When the unit starts, the rotation speed of steam turbine is ＞ 3HZ (namely 90r/min).
Solenoid valve cuts off the oil supplement of pluger pump of turning gear, and hydraulic turning
gear will stop.
3) When the unit is stopped, rotation speed of steam turbine is less than 2HZ, namely 60r/min, the
solenoid valve of jacking oil which controls the turning gear will be put into operation, so hydraulic
oil pump will running, and the turning gear device will be automatically put into operation.
4) If dynamic and static friction occurs after the shutdown of unit, turning gear could switch into
periodical turning, and the interlocking of turning gear shall be released.
5） With the shutdown of unit in a thermal state, the turning gear of unit shall be runned in
continuous mode until the temperature of upper wall of cylinder drop to 150℃.
8.8.5 Intermittent turning gear:
1) Intermittent turning gear is manually operated to roll gears hourly when automatic turning gear
is not available. Make a mark on the rotor before turning gears, and then manually roll it for 180
degree.
2) The lubricating oil pressure is normal; start jacking oil pump; relieve automatic turning gear;
manually operate the rotor of compression bar to rotate, and another person monitors and makes
marks.
3) AC oil pump shall not be stopped so as to guarantee the cooling of bearings during the whole
process. In overhauling the rotor shall be turned by a certain degree according to the above
requirements.
8.8.6 Maintenance of turning gear in operating:
1) Listen to the sound of shaft seals and inside the device after startup of turning gear.
2) If noise appears in the operation of turning gear such as noise of metal friction, then switch into
regular manual turning gear; turn it for 180 degree an hour, and the forcing rolling of gear is not
allowed when manual turning gear doesn’t work.
3) When continuous turning gear cannot be put into operation due to some fault，manually rotate
the turning gear, during the manual rotating, turning gear should runs smoothly and quickly without
a motel friction noise.
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4) During the operation of turning gear, the jacking oil pressure shall be checked regularly so as to
make sure it is in the specified scope, and the jacking oil system shall be checked regularly to make
sure that there is no leakage point.
5) When the turning gear is operating, the interlocking switch of low oil pressure shall be closed.
6) The oil pressure of hydraulic motor system shall not exceed 80℃ in any circumstances.
8.8.7 Abnormal handling of turning gear:
1) Causes of high noise and not-running of motor:
A. The distributor doesn’t distribute uniformly.
B. The boosted pressure is too low.
C. There is residual air in the motor; the question of resonance of internal pipes and bearings.
2) Handling methods:
A. Noises occur because of nonuniform distribution of contact surface of new device, and they will
disappear after the early stage of operation.
B. Eliminate the air which is mixed with the oil after the early stage of operation.
C. Adjust the pressure of back-up valve according to the requirements. The sound of bearing
turning can be heard when the bearing is not loading, and the sound will disappear when the bearing
is loading.
D. The bearing is broken and needs to be replaced.
2) Motor does not work:
A. Mechanical drive component fails.
B. Operating oil pressure is lower and fails to reach enough torque.
3) Handling method:
A. Oil pressure in the hydraulic system shall be inspected. If oil pressure exceeds the setting
pressure of safety valve, the pressure shall be released.
B. Inspect the pressure grade of hydraulic system and if necessary, adjust the pressure limit of
pressure-limiting valve.
C. Inspect that the/ junction surface between hydraulic system and equipment link is not tight.
8.9 EH oil system
8.9.1 Inspection before startup of EH oil pump:
1) Adjustment and security system of steam turbine and the installation or overhaul of EH oil device
all have been finished, all work tickets are taken back, and all parts of equipment system are in good
condition and the equipment and the floor around it are clean.
2) Make up EH oil into EH oil tan to increase the oil level at normal highest oil level, the oil quality
is qualified and the system has no leakage.
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3) Supply power for thermal process protection and alarm signal, instrument, pressure switch and
other devices, all protection tests finish and is useful, and primary valves of all meters and gauges
and pressure switches are opened.
4) Provide motive power after contacting electrical personnel to measure that motor of EH oil pump,
circulating cooling oil pump and regeneration filtration pump have good insulation.
5) Electrical personnel shall be contacted to provide power supply for electric heater of oil tank and
the EH oil temperature shall be greater than 21℃, otherwise, the electric heater shall be input.
6) Inspect that the displays of all devices of EH oil on the DCS interface are correct.
8.9.2 Startup of EH oil pump:
1) Inspect and confirm that all parts of EH oil system are normal.
2) Click the “start” button of EH oil pump on the DCS interface to start a set of EH oil pump.
3) Inspect that current, outlet pressure and system oil pressure of EH oil pump are normal, pump
body and oil pipeline have no vibration or leakage, and the sound is normal.
4) Inspect that differential pressure of filter screen at the outlet of EH oil pump and oil level of EH
oil tank shall be normal.
5) Click the “interlock” button of EH oil pump on the DCS interface to input EH oil pump
interlock.
8.9.3 Stopping of EH oil pump:
1) Confirm that steam turbine-generator unit has been stopped.
2) Click the “interlock” button of EH oil pump on the DCS interface to relieve EH oil pump
interlock.
3) Click the “stop” button of EH oil pump on the DCS interface to stop EH oil pump.
4) Inspect that oil level in EH oil tank shall be normal.
8.9.4 Rotation of EH oil pump in the operation of unit:
1) Inspect that all parts of standby EH oil pump are in good condition.
2) Click the “interlock” button of EH oil pump on the DCS interface to relieve EH oil pump
interlock.
3) Click the “start” button of EH oil pump on the DCS interface to start standby EH oil pump.
4) Inspect that EH current, outlet pressure and system oil pressure of EH oil pump are normal.
5) Confirm that all parts of EH oil system are in normal operation and click the EH oil pump with
long-term operation to be stopped.
6) Inspect that oil level of EH oil system is normal, oil pipeline has no vibration and the sound is
normal.
7) Click the “interlock” button of standby EH oil pump on the DCS interface to input EH oil pump
interlock.
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8.9.5 Circulating cooling of EH oil:
1) Startup and stopping condition of EH oil circulating cooling pump:
A) Startup and stopping of circulating cooling pump can be controlled by temperature
controller 23/CW and can also be controlled manually.
B) Check that cooling water system is normal and is in running.
2) Automatic startup and stopping of EH oil circulating cooling pump
A) When EH oil temperature increases to 55℃, EH oil circulating cooling pump will start
automatically for cooling.
B) When EH oil temperature decreases to 38℃, EH oil circulating cooling pump will stop
automatically.
3) Manual startup and stopping of EH oil circulating cooling pump.
A) When EH oil temperature increases to about 50℃, click the “start” button of EH oil
circulating cooling pump on the DCS interface to start the EH oil circulating cooling pump and
put cooling fan into service for cooling.
B) When EH oil temperature decreases to about 40℃, click the “stop” button of EH oil
circulating cooling pump on the DCS interface to stop the EH oil circulating cooling pump.
8.9.6 Regeneration and filtration of EH oil:
1) Startup condition and requirements for EH oil regeneration and filtration
A) EH oil temperature shall be higher than 40℃.
B) Regeneration and filtration shall be carried out separately.
C) EH oil system runs for long time and if EH oil quality not meets the requirements, whether
run the regeneration and filtration device according to the analysis result.
2) EH oil regeneration and filtration method:
A) In filtration of EH oil, open the inlet valve and outlet valve of regeneration device, pay
attention to the changes of oil pressure and oil level in the oil tank and fill oil promptly in case
of oil level change (oil pressure will not change generally).
B) Notify chemical operator to analyze after the EH oil regeneration and filtration device
operating for a period of time.
C) Stop regeneration device after EH passes the chemical analysis, close the inlet valve firstly
and then close the outlet valve.
8.9.7 Maintenance and requirements of EH oil system during operation
1) Carefully complete the routine inspection and maintenance in the operation of EH oil system and
promptly adjust and handle if found any abnormity.
2) EH oil pump runs stably without abnormal noise and vibration,the oil supply pressure is within
the scope of 11.04±0.5MPa.
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3) Keep the oil level in EH oil tank within normal scope and promptly add oil and look for leakage
when finding that the oil level decreases.
4) Differential pressure of filter screen at the outlet of EH oil pump shall be less than 0.5Mpa,
overhaul and cleaning shall be carried out or the filter screen shall be changed promptly when
differential pressure reaches or exceeds 0.5MPa and in case of high pressure alarm of pressured
return oil main pipe.
5) Whether pipeline, valve and control block in EH oil system have vibration and leakage condition
shall be inspected regularly and on-site instrument measurement shall be normal.
6) Pay attention to EH oil quality in normal operation during inspection and promptly carry out
chemical assay for oil quality and input regeneration device when it is found that the color of EH oil
turns dark.
7) Keep EH oil temperature between 35－50℃, regularly carry out chemical assay for EH oil
quality and promptly input EH oil circulating cooling system and regeneration filtration system to
guarantee EH oil temperature and oil quality within normal scope in accordance with EH oil
temperature and oil quality condition.
8) When EH oil system is on fire, carbon dioxide or dry powder extinguisher shall be used to put
out fire, water shall be avoided being used to put out fire, and fire fighting personnel shall wear gas
mask to avoid harmful smoke to protect body from damage.
8.9.8 Protection value of EH oil system:
Serial
Protection items value Unit Protection content
No.
High oil level of EH oil
1 730 mm Alarm
tank
Low oil level I of EH oil
2 450 mm Alarm
tank
Low oil level II of EH EH oil pump trips, ETS acts and steam turbine
3 260 mm
oil tank trips
High oil level of EH oil
4 13.0 MPa Alarm
system
Low oil level I of EH oil
5 9.0 MPa Alarm, standby EH oil pump starts by interlock
system
Low oil level II of EH
6 9.0 MPa Alarm, ETS acts and steam turbine trips
oil system
Differential pressure of
7 filter screen at outlet of 0.5 MPa Alarm
EH oil pump
High oil pressure of
8 0.207 MPa Alarm, overpressure valve acts
pressured oil return
Cooling water solenoid valve automatically
≥55 ℃ opens, and circulating water pump will acts by
linkage.
Cooling water solenoid valve automatically
EOil temperature of EH ≤38 closes, and circulating water pump
9 ℃
oil tank automatically stops.
Electric heater automatically put into operation,
≤20 ℃
and EH oil pump will refuse to start.
≥28 ℃ Electric heater automatically stops.
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8.9.9 Static test for EH oil system
8.9.9.1 Low oil level protection and linkage test for EH oil pump
1) Test condition:
A) Unit is shutdown.
B) High pressure start-up oil pump, lubrication oil pump and turning gear are in operation.
C) All parts of EH oil system are normal and oil level in oil tank and oil temperature are
normal.
D) Thermal personnel cooperate.
2) Test method:
A) Start a EH oil pump and inspect whether its outlet pressure and EH oil system pressure are
normal;
B) Input EH oil pump interlock;
C) Latch the unit and open the main steam valve;
D) Stop EH oil pump which is in running, when the main pipe pressure of EH oil drops to
9.0Mpa, EH oil pump which is in standby will automatically starts by linkage, and send the
alarm signal of low oil pressure, maintain the main pipe pressure of EH oil at 11.04Mpa;
E) Relase the interlock of EH oil pump, stop EH oil pump, and when main pipe pressure of EH
oil decreases to 9.0MPa, send out the signal of low oil pressure alarm and ETS acts, steam
turbine trips and main steam valve is closed;
F) Test for another EH oil pump is carried out with the same method.
8.9.9.2 Test for high and low oil level in EH oil tank:
1) Test condition:
Unit is shutdown.
A) EH oil pump, lubrication pump, jacking oil pump and turning gear are in operation.
B) All parts of EH oil system are normal and oil level in oil tank and oil temperature are
normal.
C) Thermotechnical personnel cooperate.
2) Test method:
A) EH oil system pressure is normal.
B) Latch the unit and open the main steam valve.
C) Short circuit for connection point of high oil level in EH oil tank is carried out by
thermotechnical personnel, signal alarm for high EH oil level is sent out, and the oil level
recovers to the normal condition after test.
D) Short circuit for connection point at Value I of low oil level in EH oil tank is carried out by
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thermotechnical personnel, signal alarm of low oil level I in EH oil tank is sent out, and then
short circuit for connection point at Value II of low oil level in EH oil tank continues to be
carried out and signal alarm of low oil level II in EH oil tank is sent out and meanwhile, EH oil
pump trips out, ETS acts, steam turbine trips out and the main steam valve closes.
E) The system is recovered after the end of test.
8.9.9.3 Test for high and low oil temperature of EH oil:
1) Test condition:
A) Power is supplied to EH oil circulating cooling pump for standby.
B) Power is supplied to cooling water solenoid valve and electric heater of oil tank for standby.
C) All parts of EH oil system are normal and oil level in oil tank and oil temperature are
normal.
D) Thermotechnical personnel cooperate.
2) Test method:
A) Short circuit for connection point of oil temperature what is up to 55℃ of EH oil is carried
out by thermotechnical personnel, signal alarm for high EH oil temperature is sent out, and the
circulating cooling oil pump is started by linkage and the oil temperature recovers to the
normal condition after test.
B) Short circuit for connection point of oil temperature what is low to 38℃ of EH oil is carried
out by thermotechnical personnel, solenoid valve of cooling water is closed automatically, and
circulating cooling water pump stops automatically, and then short circuit for connection point
of oil temperature what low to 38℃ of EH oil continues to be carried out and signal alarm at
low EH oil temperature II is sent out, and if EH oil pump fails to be started, electric heater of
oil tank will input automatically, short circuit for connection point what EH oil temperature is
28℃ is carried out and the electric heater of oil tank will stop automatically when oil
temperature is heated to 55℃.
C) The system is recovered after the end of test.
8.9.10 Accident handling for EH oil system:
8.9.10.1 Operating EH oil pump trips and standby oil pump is started by linkage.
1) Accident phenomenon:
A) Current of operating EH oil pump reaches zero, outlet pressure reaches zero and pressure of
EH oil system decreases gradually.
B) Standby EH oil pump is started by linkage and pressure of EH oil system recovers to the
normal condition.
2) Accident handling:
A) Inspect whether linkage EH oil pump operates normally.
B) Inspect the mechanical part of tripped EH oil pump, meanwhile contact electric personnel
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to inspect the motor of tripped EH oil pump, if has not abnormlity or the abnormality is treated,
input the interlock of EH oil pump.
8.9.10.2 Operating oil pump tripped and standby oil pump is not start by linkage (or power of EH
oil pump is cut off)
1) Accident phenomenon:
A) Current of operating EH oil pump reaches zero, outlet pressure reaches zero and pressure of
EH oil system decreases gradually.
B) Standby EH oil pump is not started by linkage.
2) Accident handling:
A) Rapidly start the standby EH oil pump, inspect the pressure of EH oil system which shall
recover to the normal condition, inspect the mechanical part of tripped EH oil pump, EH oil
pump will put the interlock into running of EH oil pump after completion of treatment and test
for all part.
B) During the treatment, decrease of EH oil pressure will cause that opening of GV reduces,
load of unit reduces, should contact with boiler operator, report it to shift leader, regulate the
setting valve of load, strengthen the regulate, check the running condition of unit, if EH oil
pump recover to operation during the process of load reducing, gradually recover the load of
unit to required load after normality of EH oil pressure.
C) If the operating EH oil pump trips and linkage of standby EH oil pump fails, the standby
EH oil pump can be restarted and in case of failure again, if the tripped EH oil pump has no
obvious damage and is not on fire, the tripped pump can be started and in case of failure,
electric inspection shall be carried out and shutdown with failure shall be made when EH oil
pressure decreases to the protection action value in the handling.
8.9.10.3 Decrease of oil level in EH oil tank:
1) Decrease phenomenon of oil level:
A) Oil level of EH oil tank on DES and indication of local oil level gauge decrease.
B) Alarm signal for low oil level in EH oil tank is sent out.
2) Reason for oil level decrease:
A) Pipeline, joint and accessories and other parts of EH oil system have oil leakage.
B) EH oil temperature decreases.
C) Gasbag of energy accumulator fractures and has air leakage.
3) Handling for oil level decrease:
A) Inspect that the EH oil level display on ECS interface is accordance with indication of oil
level in EH oil tank in the site, confirm that the oil level has decreased, and immediately contact
related personnel to add oil and find out the reasons for oil level decrease.
B) Inspect whether there is oil leak at pipeline, servomechanism, joint, accessories and other
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parts of EH oil system, if EH oil system leaks servely and leakage can not be isolated or
eliminated, should stop the unit and stop the running of EH oil pump.
C) If the decrease of EH oil temperature causes decrease of oil level, inspect whether it is the
influence of oil temperature and input electric heater in accordance with condition so as to
guarantee EH oil temperature within normal scope.
D) If oil temperature and oil pressure have no change but oil level decreases into certain value, it
shall be inspected whether decrease of oil level is caused by gasbag fracture of energy
accumulator or air leakage, and this moment, leaked energy accumulator shall be separated and
overhaul personnel shall be contacted to handle it.
E) When oil level in EH oil tank decreases to 260mm, EH oil pump will trip, meanwhile the unit
will stopped by protection action for low EH oil pressure, or the unit shall be stopped manually.
8.9.10.4 Decrease of EH oil level:
1) Phenomenon of EH oil pressure decrease:
A) EH oil pressure indication decreases.
B) Alarm signal for low EH oil pressure is sent out.
C) High and intermediate pressure governing valve slides down.
2) Reasons for EH oil pressure decrease:
A) Filter screen at inlet or outlet of EH oil is blocked.
B) EH oil pump trips or variable displacement mechanism fails.
C) Oil overflow valve has leakage.
D) High pressure pipeline, joint, accessories and other parts of EH oil have a large number of oil
leak.
3) Handling for EH oil pressure decrease:
Filter screen at inlet or outlet of EH oil is blocked, standby EH oil pump shall be switched on and
maintenance personnel shall be contacted to handle it.
A) EH oil pump trip shall be handled in accordance with Article 10.1 and standby EH oil pump
shall be switched on and overhaul personnel shall be contacted to handle it when variable
displacement mechanism of EH oil pump fails.
B) When high pressure pipeline, joint, accessories and other parts of EH oil have a large number
of oil leak which can not be separated and removed, the unit shall be shut down for failure and
the operation of EH oil pump shall be stopped.
C) If EH oil pressure decreases and it fails to start the standby oil pump, when EH oil pressure
decreases to protection action value, emergency shutdown shall be made.
8.9.10.5 Increase of EH oil temperature:
1) Phenomenon:
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A) EH oil temperature indication on DCS interface increases.
B) Alarm signal for high EH oil temperature is sent out.
2) Handling:
A) When EH oil temperature increases, operation condition of cooling fan shall be inspected and
if fan trips, cooling fan shall be input promptly and if necessary, two sets of fans may be input.
B) If electric heater of EH oil tank is incorrectly operated or its control fails, power supply of
electric heater shall be cut off and overhaul personnel shall be contacted to handle it.
C) Inspect whether EH oil circulating cooling pump operates normally and whether oil cooler is
dirty or blocked and carried out overhaul and cleaning.
D) Inspect whether oil return filter screen is dirty and whether overpressure valve is dirty and
carried out overhaul and cleaning promptly.
8.10 Rubber ball cleaning device
8.10.1 Inspection before input rubber ball cleaning device:
1) Work tickets are all taken back, the equipment system is good condition and equipment and the
floor around are clean and free of sundries after the end of overhaul and installation of rubber ball
cleaning device and circulating water system.
2) Electrical attendant shall be contacted to complete insulation measurement for rubber ball pump
motor, ball collecting and transmitting valve motor and ball collecting screen push rod motor, power
shall be supplied in case of good insulation, and rubber ball pump for preliminary operation shall be
in good operation and the direction of ball collecting and transmitting valve motor and ball
collecting screen push rod motor shall be correct.
3) Inspect that the inlet valve and outlet valve of rubber ball pump are in the closed position and
water discharge valve of ball collector shall be in the open position and move the ball collecting
valve of ball collector to the closed position.
4) Inspect that the ball collecting valve of ball collecting screen is in the ball collecting position.
5) Inspect that the upper cap of ball collector and hagioscope at the ball collecting screen are clean
and transparent.
6) Open the upper cap of ball collector, clean up the ball collector and put the rubber balls that have
been infiltrated with water into the ball collector; count the number of rubber balls in the ball
collector (if less than 400, it shall be added to 400) and maintain a record, then close the upper cap,
and tighten up the screws and close the water discharge valve.
7) Inspect that the operation and control devices and all pressure gauges and meters of rubber ball
system are all in readiness and are complete and easy to use and prepare operation tools.
8.10.2 Input of rubber cleaning device:
1) Confirm that the ball collecting screen is in the “ball collecting” position.
2) Slowly open the inlet valve of rubber ball pump and inspect that the system shall have no
leakage.
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1) Start rubber ball pump and open the outlet valve (behind the ball collector) of rubber ball pump
after the operation is normal.
5) Open the ball collecting and transmitting valve in the ball collector gradually and inspect that the
operation condition of rubber ball cleaning device shall be normal.
6) Circulating cleaning is up to the time required.
8.10.3 Stop of rubber cleaning device:
1) Close the ball collecting and transmitting valve in the ball collector with ball collecting time at
least twice the input time of rubber ball cleaning device.
2) Close the outlet valve of rubber ball pump after reaching the ball collecting time.
3) Stop the operation of rubber ball and close the inlet of rubber ball pump and main valve.
4) Open the water discharge valve of ball collector.
5) Open the upper cap of ball collector after all water in the ball collector is discharged, inspect the
number of rubber balls in the ball collector and compare it with the input number of rubber balls
before the input of device, and promptly make contact and handle problems in case of problems and
maintain a record at the same time.
6) Push the water return ball collecting screen of circulating water to the “exit” position.
8.10.4 Operation and maintenance of rubber cleaning device:
1) The input number of rubber balls for the rubber ball cleaning device of each condensor is
300-400 rubber balls with Φ24-25mm.
2) Rubber ball cleaning device shall be put into operation once a day, each operation shall be 30min
at least and the ball collecting time shall be at least twice the rubber ball cleaning time.
3) The number of rubber balls shall be counted before the input of rubber ball cleaning device and
after the ball collecting for each time, the ball collecting rate (ratio between ball collecting number
and ball input number), and record shall be maintained.
4) The rubber ball shall be picked out when its diameter is less than 23mm and the rubber ball
number shall be complemented.
5) If the primary ball collecting rate is less than 90%, ball collection shall be carried out again and if
the ball collecting rate is still less than 90%, the reasons shall be found out and the overhaul
personnel shall be contacted to handle it.
6) Inspection shall be enhanced in the operation of rubber ball system and when leakage
phenomenon is found in the system, rubber ball system shall be stopped promptly.
7) Differential pressure before and behind the ball collecting screen shall be monitored when the
rubber ball cleaning device is input and when differential pressure is found to increase, rubber ball
cleaning device shall be stopped promptly, the water return ball collecting screen of circulating
water shall be pushed to the “exit” position, and back wash shall be carried out.
8) Rubber ball cleaning device shall be operated and maintained by specially-assigned person.
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9) Back wash shall be carried out for ball collecting screen once a month.
8.11 Secondary filter screen
8.11.1 Inspection before input:
1) Inspect that the exterior of scraper blade driving motor of secondary filter screen is good
condition and the support and connection devices are firm.
2) Supply power after contacting the electrical personnel to measure that the insulation of scraper
blade driving motor of secondary filter screen is good condition and the test direction shall be
correct.
3) Inspect that the inlet and outlet and water discharge valve of filtrated material collection box are
in the closed position and the upper cap of filtrated material collection box is tightly closed and
tighten up the gland bolt.
4) Inspect that all parts of operation and control devices of secondary filter screen system are in
good condition.
8.11.2 Input of secondary filter screen:
1) Inspect that the water discharge valve of filtrated material collection box is in the closed position
and open the outlet and inlet valve of filtrated material collection box.
2) Start the scraper blade driving motor of secondary filter screen and inspect that the motor rotation
direction shall be correct.
3) Pressure change condition of circulating water at the outlet and inlet shall be monitored during
the input of secondary filter screen of circulating water and take measures promptly.
4) Operation time of secondary filter screen of circulating water is up to the time required.
8.11.3 Stop of secondary filter screen:
1) Stop the scraper blade driving motor of secondary filter screen.
2) Close the outlet valve and inlet valve of filtrated material collection box and open the water
discharge valve of filtrated material collection box.
3) Clean up the filtrated material collection box and close the upper cap of filtrated material
collection box and tighten up the gland bolt after the sundries are removed.
8.11.4 Input requirements and precautions:
1) Circulating water system of condensor is in normal operation.
2) Rotation direction of scraper blade of secondary filter screen shall be correct and shall not be in
opposite direction.
3) The secondary filter screen of circulating water shall be clean up once 4-6 hours and the input
time for each time is 5min, or input times and time can be increased in accordance with the inlet
pressure and the contamination condition of circulating water.
4) Filtrated material collection box shall be cleaned up after being input for each time and the outlet
valve and inlet valve shall be confirmed to be closed in cleaning the filter screen so as to prevent
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circulating water leakage.
5) Secondary filter screen of circulating water shall be input at one side for each time and shall not
be washed at both sides at the same time so as to prevent circulating water pressure decreasing too
much.
6) If the cleaning effect is not good, the overhaul personnel shall be contacted to replace the rubber
scraper blade in utilization of shutdown time.
8.12 Pressure test for main steam system of boiler
1) The temperature of metal of high pressure cylinder shall be less than 120℃ in bulge and
hydrostatic test for primary system of boiler and when the highest temperature of steam cylinder is
higher than 120℃, bulge and hydrostatic test for primary system shall be carried out and can only
be carried out after it is approved by the leader at level of Deputy Chief Engineer for Operation or
above and corresponding technical measures are taken.
2) Hydrostatic test shall be carried out under the guidance of Manager of Power Generation
Department or Specialist Engineer of steam turbine operator and the unified command of shift
leader and coordination between turbine and boiler shall be well completed.
3) In hydrostatic test, in case of abnormal temperature change of metal of internal wall at the bottom
of high pressure outer cylinder or displacement increase of air release valve specified to be opened
in the measure, test shall be stopped immediately.
4) In hydrostatic test, specially-assigned person shall be sent to monitor steam cylinder metal
temperature change and the drainage condition of water drainage and air vent valve of pipeline.
5) Measurement point for steam cylinder metal temperature is located on the measurement point for
temperature of internal wall at the bottom of high pressure outer cylinder.
8.12.2 Test measures
1) Close the electrically operated valve of main steam source and cut off the power.
2) Close electric governing valve of Grade I and II and of low-pressure by-pass intake electric
governing valve and cut off the power.
3) Close high-pressure by-pass attemperating water valve and cut off the power.
4) Tightly close all above electrically operated valves by hand.
5) Close the front hydrophobic expansion valve for water drain of high-pressure by-pass intake
valve.
6) Open the drain pneumatic valve before main steam valve.
7) Open the drain pneumatic valve after high pressure bypass valve.
8) Inspect that the high and intermediate pressure automatic main steam valve and governing valve
shall be closed tightly.
9) Report to the shift leader and end the bulge and hydrostatic measure at the unit side.
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8.13 Hydralic test for main steam system
1) In bulge and hydrostatic test for secondary steam system of boiler, bulge and hydrostatic test for
secondary steam system shall be carried out when the highest metal temperature of steam cylinder
shall be less than 80℃ and if the bulge and hydrostatic test for secondary steam system is carried
out when the highest metal temperature of steam cylinder is higher than 80℃, the test can only be
carried out after it is approved by the leader at the level of Deputy Chief Engineer for Operation or
above and corresponding measures are taken.
2) Hydrostatic test shall be carried out under the guidance of Manager of Power Generation
Department or Specialist Engineer of steam turbine operator and the unified command of shift
leader and coordination between turbine and boiler shall be well completed.
3) Exhaust check valve of high pressure cylinder must be tightly closed by overhaul personnel.
4) In order to prevent water entering the oil system, steam seal before and behind the high pressure
cylinder of steam turbine shall be winded tightly with woolen yarn and #1 and #2 entrance pallet
and oil return pipe shall be unfastened or added with block board.
5) In hydraulic test, if the main valves have leakage, the test shall be stopped immediately.
6) In hydraulic test, specially-assigned person shall be sent to monitor the steam cylinder metal
temperature change and the leakage condition of system and valves.
8.13.2 Test measures:
1) Close high-pressure by-pass intake electric governing valve, intermediate pressure by-pass intake
electric governing valve and low-pressure by-pass intake electric governing valve,
2) Notify electrical attendant to cut off the power of all electrically operated valves above.
3) Tightly close all above electrically operated valves by hand.
4) Close the front hydrophobic expansion valve for water drain of main steam valve and open air
release valve.
5) Close the front hydrophobic expansion valve for water drain of high-pressure by-pass.
6) Close the back hydrophobic expansion valve and air release valve for water drain of
high-pressure by-pass.
7) Close the back hydrophobic expansion valve and air release valve for water drain of HP exhaust
check valve.
8) Open the front hydrophobic expansion valve for water drain of HP exhaust check valve and open
air release valve.
9) Close the front hydrophobic expansion valve and air release valve for water drain of Grade II
by-pass.
10) Close the back hydrophobic expansion valve for water drain of Grade II by-pass and open air
release valve.
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11) Inspect that the high and intermediate pressure automatic main steam valve and governing valve
shall be closed tightly.
12) Inspect that the HP exhaust check valve shall be tightly closed by the overhaul personnel.
13) Input circulating water and closed cooling water pump.
14) Start condensate water pump to feed water to the boiler.
15) Report to the shift leader and complete bulge and hydrostatic measures at the unit side.
8.13.3 Test method:
1) The driver starts the feed pump after receiving command from the shift leader to carry out bulge
and hydrostatic test and everything shall be normal after the feed pump is started.
2) System leakage condition and whether all atmospheric relief valves have water shall be usually
inspected when feeding water to the reheater.
3) Tapping pressure shall be maintained in accordance with the command of shift leader.
4) Stop the operation of condensate water pump, circulating water pump and industrial water pump
after the end of hydrostatic test.
5) Carry out system recovery and water drainage in accordance with the command of shift leader
after the end of hydrostatic test.
9 Accident handling section
9.1 Principles for accident handling
1) The steam turbine operator shall carefully check the equipment system under its jurisdiction to
promptly find the hidden danger of equipment and promptly report to eliminate the accident in the
bud.
2) In case of unit fault, the operator shall quickly find out the cause to the fault and eliminate the
fault. Meanwhile, it shall also pay attention to the operation of non-fault equipment and try to add
the load of non-fault equipment when necessary to ensure the normal power supply of users.
3) In case of unit fault, the operator shall handle in accordance with the following requirements,
methods and sequence.
A) Affirm that the equipment fault certainly occurs in accordance with the instrument
instructions and the external symbols (sound, vibration, smell and etc.) of unit.
B) Quickly find out the nature, place and scope of fault and eliminate the damage to people and
equipment and promptly remove the fault equipment and system when necessary to ensure the
personal safety and normal operation of non-fault equipment to prevent the accident expansion.
C) Quickly report to the shift leader, unit foreman, Director of power generation department and
Specialist Engineer as possible at every stage of fault handling so as to promptly get correct
instruction.
D) The shift leader is the uniform commander for the accident handling; the unit foreman is the
organizer and commander for the accident handling; Director of power generation department
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has the right to command the unit foreman and personnel of same operator during the accident
handling but the order can not conflict with the order of shift leader (in case of confliction, the
order of shift leader shall prevail).
E) The unit foreman is under the leadership of shift leader during the accident handling but it is
completely independent when no other operator is involved within the scope of jurisdiction of
steam turbine operation operator.
F) The unit foreman shall quickly and accurately execute the order from the shift leader during
the accident handling. When the order from the shift leader does not conform to the Specification,
it shall promptly put forward. If the shift leader insists on the order, it shall execute the order but
shall report to the relevant leaders of power generation department after the event. If the order
from the shift leader is obviously incorrect and may cause serious damage to people and
equipment, it can appeal the reasons and refuse to execute but shall report to the leader of power
generation department and the Chief Engineer. If the accident is expanded due to the failure to
execute the correct order from the shift leader, the unit foreman shall bear the responsibility.
G) The operator shall act quickly and operate accurately and repeat the order after the receipt of
order and promptly report to the personnel issuing the order after the order execution during the
accident handling.
H) The personnel on duty must stick to the post and the irrelevant personnel must leave the site
and the personnel to assist in the accident handling shall act under the uniform command during
the accident handling.
I) The shifting of duty can not be carried out during the accident handling which can only be
done after the completion or temporary completion of accident handling under the uniform
command of shift leader.
In case of any fault phenomenon which is not specified in the Specification, the operator must
actively take measures based on its own knowledge and judgment and report the situation to the unit
foreman and shift leader as quickly as possible.
9.2 Emergency shutdown with fault
1) Shut down the valve immediately and disconnect the generator and break the vacuum and
conduct emergency shutdown without the instructions of shift leader in the following situations but
report to the shift leader after the event.
A) The rotation speed of steam turbine rises up to 3240r/min and the overspeed protection is not
started.
B) The unit strongly vibrates suddenly.
C) The metal friction sound inside the steam turbine can be clearly heard.
D) The exhaust steam temperature of middle cylinder is up to 295 ℃.
E) There is spark at the shaft seal place.
F) The radial journal bearing or thrust bearing of unit suffers fuel cut-off or the babbitt metal
temperature rise up to 130℃ and the bearing temperature is high while the protection is not
started.
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G) The oil system firing threatens the safety of unit and the fire can not be put out.
H) The oil level of main oil tank sharply reduces to -100mm and the oil refilling after alarm is
ineffective and it continue reducing to -280mm while the protection is not started.
I) The rotor axial displacement suddenly exceeds the limit value or the thrust bearing pad sharply
rises to be over 130℃ while the protection is not started.
J) The lubrication pressure reduces to while the low oil pressure protection is not started.
K) The generator smokes and is on fire.
L) The alarm is started when the condensor vacuum back pressure is 0.020Mpa and the back
pressure is 0.030Mpa while the protection is not started.
M) The tandem axle is over +1.0mm or —1.0mm while the protection is not started.
N) The bearing vibration inside any bush is 0.13mm while the protection is not started.
O) The vibration of any bearing bush is 11.8mm while the protection is not started.
P) The pressure ratio of high pressure cylinder is 1.05 while the “low interruption” protection is
not started.
Q) The main pipeline (such as the main reheat steam, condensate water and oil system) fractures
and can not maintain the operation.
R) The operation can not be maintained due to the speed regulating system fault (note: the
regulating valve swings significantly and frequently)
S) The circulating water is suspended and can not be immediately recovered.
2) Operations for the emergency shutdown with fault:
A) Manually operate the shutdown switch and ensure that the high-pressure and intermediate
pressure automatic main steam valve and the governing valve and HP exhaust check valve are
shut down tightly.
B) Notify the electrical attendant to promptly shut down the generator and pay attention to the
rotation speed of steam turbine and notify the chief stoker to shut down.
C) Pay attention to the bypass action and the temperature of steam exhaust room.
D) Be careful that the temperature shall be within the scope of 120℃-180℃ when the shaft seal
pressure is 3.5 Kpa.
E) Stop the vacuum pump and promptly start the vacuum breaking valve.
F) Pay attention to the adjustment of condensor water level and start the condensate
re-circulating valve to maintain the condensor.
G) Be careful to turn off the bypass system when the vacuum reduces to the value one level
lower.
H) Pay attention to the rotation speed of steam turbine and start the jacking oil pump.
I) Be careful to listen to the sound inside the unit and accurately record the idling time.
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J) Immediately put the continuous turning gear into use when the rotor is stationary and be
careful that the lubricating oil pressure and jacking oil pressure shall meet the requirements and
be stable.
K) Complete other operations for normal shutdown.
1) Manual emergency shutdown
A) The steam turbine operates without steam for more than 1min (note: all main steam valves are
closed).
B) The return oil temperature of any radial journal bearing and thrust bearing reaches
99℃-107℃ and the alarm is started (not the finally determined value).
C) The babbitt metal temperature of any radial journal bearing and thrust bearing reaches 113℃
when the protection is not started.
D) Manually shut down when the steam exhaust temperature of middle cylinder is up to 295 ℃
and measures taken are ineffective.
E) Manually shut down when the temperature of low-pressure blade is up to 230 ℃ with alarm
and measures taken are ineffective.
F) Shut down when the condensate water pump fails and the condensor water level is too high
and the stand-by pump can not be put into use and endanger the unit equipment safety.
G) In case of DCS crash without back-up operation and monitoring measures.
H) The loss of power of DEH can not be recovered within 10 minutes.
9.3 Handling for the loss of vacuum of condensor
9.3.1 Loss of vacuum:
1) Reasons for loss of vacuum:
The inlet filter of circulating water pump is blocked which causes the abnormal operation of
circulating water pump and circulating water deduction or suspension.
1) The vacuum pump works abnormally and the water level of steam-water separator is too high or
too low or the water temperature is too high.
2) The pressure of shaft seal steam supplying declines or suspends; the adjusting valve of shaft seal
steam supplying or the overflow regulating valve works abnormally.
3) The condensor water level is too high and the condensate water pump works abnormally.
4) The by-pass system operates by mistakes.
5) The negative pressure or water level of shaft is abnormal.
6) The vacuum breaking valve and water discharge valve on the condensor side are opened by
mistakes; the pipelines, valves and flange under the vacuum state are not tight or the water seal
suspends.
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9.3.2 Principles for the handling of loss of vacuum:
1) Check all vacuum meters and the exhaust steam temperature to confirm the loss of vacuum.
2) Start the standby vacuum pump when the loss of vacuum is 4Kpa and it can not be recovered.
3) Find out the reasons for the loss of vacuum and try to recover it.
4) The exhaust steam temperature during the operation of steam turbine shall not exceed 80℃. The
principles during the process of loss of vacuum: reduce the load and the temperature during the
exhaust shall not exceed 80℃; the pressure in the monitored section which does not exceed the
maximum permissible pressure is the standard pressure; it is better to reduce more load as possible
to leave more time for the handling.
5) Ask the shift leader for instructions to shut down valve and engine when the vacuum declines to
66Kpa and the load is reduced to zero and it can not be recovered.
9.3.3 Handling methods for the loss of vacuum:
1) Immediately clean the filter screen when the circulating water pump works abnormally and the
circulating water volume declines significantly. It is necessary to immediately put the standby pump
into use when the circulating water pump trips out. If there is no standby pump, operate the
circulating water pump tripping out (ensure that the pump does not reverse); decide whether to shut
down valve and engine in accordance with the vacuum when it is ineffective and the load in the
circulating water declines to zero.
2) Put the standby pump into use; if there is no standby pump, operate the circulating water pump
tripping out; immediately reduce the load to zero when it is ineffective and decide whether to shut
down valve and engine in accordance with the vacuum.
3) Increase the pressure of shaft seal steam supply when it declines; shift to the bypass steam supply
when the adjusting valve for the shaft seal steam supply fails.
4) Put the standby condensate water pump into use and take measures to promptly reduce the
condensor water level when the condensor water level is too high; contact relevant personnel to
overhaul and clean if the inlet filter screen of original pump in operation is blocked; carry out the
leakage detection treatment if the condensor copper tube leaks severely.
5) If it is found that the bypass is turned on at mistakes, it is necessary to immediately turn it off
manually and find out the reasons and promptly handle it.
6) Recover the normal negative pressure of shaft steam exhauster.
7) Close the vacuum breaking valve and water discharge valve on the condensor steam side which
are opened at mistakes and inspect whether the pipelines, valves and flanges under the vacuum state
are not tight or whether the water seal is interrupted. As the load reduction causes the vacuum
instability or to slightly reduce and stable at a certain value, it is necessary to seek and inspect the
low-pressure steam extraction pipeline and equipment system under the vacuum state (such as the
low-pressure heater, valves, flanges and Corker valve under the vacuum state).
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9.4 water impact of steam turbine
9.4.1 Reasons for the water impact of steam turbine:
1) Excess water or priming of boiler.
2) The load is added too fast.
3) The adjustment of main and reheated steam attemperating water is not properly.
4) Water during the pipe and machine heating for the start of unit is not completely drained away.
9.4.2 Main symbols for the water impact of steam turbine:
1) The temperature of main and reheated steam decreases sharply.
2) There is a great quantity of white steam at the valve rod, flange and steam seal of high
(medium)-pressure automatic main steam valve and governing valve.
3) The steam turbine vibration increases and the sound is abnormal with water impact sound.
4) The steam or steam extraction pipeline vibrates with water impact sound.
5) The tandem axle and differential dilatometer changes abnormally and the temperature and return
oil temperature of thrust bearing change abnormally.
6) The above-mentioned symbols may not occur simultaneously. One of symbols indicates the
water impact.
9.4.3 Handling principles during the water impact of steam turbine:
1) 迅速果断地采取紧急故障停机的措施。
1) Rapidly and decidedly take measures for emergency shutdown with fault.
2) Promptly open the pipeline and drainage of cylinder.
3) Carefully listen to the sound inside the unit during the idling and accurately record the idling
time.
4) Inspect the tandem axle, differential expansion and bearing temperature of unit and the unit
vibration.
5) Report the accident conditions to the unit foreman, shift leader and leader of power generation
department.
6) If there is no abnormal sound inside the unit and the vibration, idling time, tandem axle,
differential expansion, thrust bearing temperature, temperature difference of all part of cylinder
block and main shaft shaking during the turning are normal after the shutdown of steam turbine due
to water impact, restart the steam turbine.
7) For the unit start-up after water impact, pay attention to strengthening the water drainage of
pipelines and cylinder; be careful to increase the rotation speed; carefully listen to the sound inside
the unit; immediately shut down the unit in case of any abnormal sound, friction or strong vibration.
8) After the normal start-up with grid-connection load of steam turbine, pay special attention to the
change of axial displacement, differential expansion and thrust bearing temperature.
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9) It is prohibited to restart the unit if the protection action and idling time of tandem axle are
shortened obviously compared with the normal values or there is metal friction sound inside the unit
after the water impact of steam turbine.
9.5 Increase of axial displacement
9.5.1 Reasons for the increase of axial displacement:
1) Overload operation of steam turbine.
2) The steam temperature, steam pressure and vacuum are too low under the high load.
3) Water impact of steam turbine.
4) Severe scale formation at the flow passage of steam turbine.
5) Thrust bearing fault and fall-off of any main and governing valve.
6) Start of by-pass system action.
7) Abnormality of axial displacement indicator.
9.5.2 Handling methods for the increase of axial displacement:
1) Take corresponding measures for the handling in accordance with the above-mentioned reasons.
2) When the indicated value of any tandem axle is 0.2mm higher than the normal value under the
same load, it is necessary to immediately reduce the load to get it normal.
3）When oil return temperature of working surface and non-working surface of thrust bearing rises
abnormally or the pad metal temperature reaches 90℃, it is necessary to reduce the load to get it
normal.
4) When the tandem axle protection acts correctly, it is necessary to carry out the emergency
shutdown with fault.
5) When the tandem axle exceeds the positive and negative limit values and the protection does not
act, it is necessary to carry out the emergency shutdown with fault.
6) If the tandem axle protection is required to be released after the confirmation of indication
abnormality of tandem axle gauge or the maloperation of tandem axle protection, the approval of
Chief Engineer must be obtained; stop the unit operation if the cause is unknown and restart the
steam turbine after the cause is found out and the defects are eliminated.
9.6 Abnormal vibration and sound
9.6.1 Reasons for the abnormal vibration of unit:
1) The water drainage is not smooth; the expansion on both sides of cylinder is not homogeneous;
the sliding key system is blocked; temperature deviation of exhaust cylinder is large, the steam
turbine loses blades and there is friction between the dynamic and static parts during the start-up of
unit.
2) The temperature, pressure of main and reheated steam, vacuum, oil temperature and oil pressure
change significantly.
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3) The load and opening of governing valve change suddenly; the temperature deviation of cylinder
is large; the tandem axle changes abnormally.
4) The generator operating conditions change (note: the impact of air temperature on the vibration
of bearings on both sides of generator is obvious).
9.6.2 Handling methods for the abnormal vibration of unit:
1) Immediately close the valve to shut down the unit in case of any vibration during the speed
raising process of unit; put the continuous turning gear into use after the rotor is stationary and
restart the unit only after the cause is found out and the defects are eliminated.
2) During the speed raising process of unit, the vertical vibration of each bearing shall not exceed
0.03mm when the rotation speed is below 1100r/min. Otherwise, it is necessary to close the valve to
shut down the unit and find out the cause.
3) At the passage of critical rotation speed, the vertical vibration of each bearing shall not exceed
0.083mm and the relative shaft vibration shall not exceed 0.13mm. Otherwise, it is necessary to
close the valve to shut down the unit.
4) The alarm shall start when the vertical vibration of each pad exceeds 9.3 mm/s during the unit
operation and the unit shall trip out when the vibration of any bearing exceeds 11.8mm/s. When the
relative shaft vibration of each bearing is strong, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of
abnormal factors.
5) If the bearing and shaft vibration protection acts and the vibration can not be immediately
eliminated during the unit operation, it is necessary to close the valve to shut down the unit.
6) In case of abnormal vibration during the load increasing, the DEH automatic control shall reduce
the load or stop increasing load until the abnormal vibration disappears. If the DEH automatic
control does not handle the problem but still increase load, it is necessary to contact the relevant
personnel for thermal control treatment.
7) When the operation parameters change abnormally, is necessary to promptly contact the relevant
operators to recover the normal operation parameters.
8) There are many complex causes for the unit vibration. In case of any abnormal vibration, the
operator on duty must immediately report and carry out the on-site vibration measurement and
sound detection to find out the causes for the abnormal vibration and conduct research on the
measures to eliminate the abnormal vibration.
9) When the unit is shut down due to the strong vibration, it is necessary to conduct careful analysis
to find out the cause and take effective measures. Only after the unit is equipped with the starting
condition after proper handling, can the unit be restarted cautiously. Never start the unit blindly.
9.7 Load shedding to zero
1) The generator trips out and the speed regulating system can control the rotation speed within the
speed of oil trip.
A) Symbols:
The load is reduced to zero; the OPC protection acts; the rotation speed increase and then
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decreases and is stable at 3000r/min.
B) Handling:
a) Start the low pressure lubricating oil pump and inspect whether the lubricating oil pressure
is normal.
b) Change the shaft seal steam supply into standby steam source to maintain the normal
pressure of shaft seal steam supply.
c) Start the recirculation valve of condensate water pump and inspect the condensor water
level.
d) Pay attention to the temperature of each part of exhaust cylinder and promptly start the
water spray.
e) Adjust the steam leakage of shaft seal and the negative pressure of steam exhauster.
f) Inspect the tandem axle, vibration, sound, vacuum and steam parameters of unit and the
operation conditions of auxiliary equipment. Wait for the grid connection of generator after all
parts are normal.
2) The generator trips out and the speed regulating system can not control the rotation speed of
steam turbine and overspeed protection acts.
A) Symbols
a) The load is reduced to zero;
b) The rotation speed increase and then decreases;
c) The high, medium and low pressure combined valve and HP exhaust check valve are
closed;
B) Handling:
a) Ensure and confirm that the high and low pressure combined valve and HP exhaust check
valve are closed tightly and the rotation speed has decreased.
b) Pay attention to the temperature and pressure of standby steam source for shaft seal steam
supply.
c) Complete various operations in accordance with the shutdown sequence.
3) The generator trips out and the speed regulating system can not control the rotation speed
A) Symbols:
b) The rotation speed exceeds 3240r/min;
c) The unit vibration increases and the sound is abnormal.
C) Handling:
a) Immediately break the vacuum and close the valve to shut down the unit. Be careful that
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the high, medium and low pressure combined valve and HP exhaust check valve shall be
tightly closed.
b) Complete other operations for emergency shutdown with fault.
4) The generator trips out and the steam turbine protection acts but the rotation speed exceeds
3240r/min.
a) Inspect whether the high, medium and low pressure combined valve and HP exhaust check
valve are tightly closed.
b) Complete other operations for emergency shutdown with fault.
5) The generator does not trip out and the steam turbine protection acts.
A) Symbols:
b) The high, medium and low pressure combined valve and governing valve and HP exhaust
check valve are closed;
c) The rotation speed of steam turbine is 3000 r/min.
B) Handling:
a) Immediately inspect the steam turbine protection (tandem axle protection, low oil pressure
protection, overspeed protection, vibration protection, low vacuum protection, EH oil pressure)
and confirm the cause to the action. Carry out corresponding accident handling in accordance
with the protection action.
b) Find out the cause to the action. If the cause is unknown or the action is due to the
equipment problems, disconnect the generator and restart the steam turbine after the cause is
found out and the defects are repaired.
c) In this situation, the steam turbine operation without steam is not allowed to last for more
than 1 minute. If it can not be recovered in excess of 1 minute, disconnect the generator to
shut down the steam turbine.
9.8 Complete shutdown of plant power
1) Symbols for the complete shutdown of plant power:
A) The current of power-driven rotating equipment is zero and the outlet pressure and flow of
pumps rapidly decrease to zero.
B) The load, pressure and temperature of main and reheated steam decrease.
C) The dome illumination of element room and plant disappears.
D) The vacuum rapidly decreases.
2) Handling methods for the complete shutdown of plant power:
A) Inspect whether the DC oil pump with accident is under the linkage condition. If not,
immediately put it into use. Inspect the outlet oil pressure of oil pump;
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B) Immediately reduce the load to zero;
C) Notify the electrical attendant to disconnect the generator;
D) The time for steam turbine operation without steam can not exceed 1min. Otherwise, it is
necessary to ask the shift leader for instructions for the emergency shutdown.
E) Reset the operating switch and linked switch of rotating equipment tripping out and close the
outlet valve and prepare for the re-starting.
F) Maintain the normal pressure of shaft seal steam supply;
G) Complete other operations.
9.9 Oil leakage of oil system
1) The simultaneous reduction of oil pressure and oil level of oil tank is generally due to the leakage
of pressure oil outside the system. At that time, it is necessary to find out the cause and try to fill oil.
When the oil level of oil tank reduces to -100mm and the oil filling is ineffective and the oil level
continue to reduce to -280MM while the protection does not act, carry out the emergency shutdown
with fault.
2 It is necessary to immediately start the lubricating oil pump when the lubricating oil pressure
reduces. When the lubricating oil pressure reduces to 0.05Mpa and the protection does not act, carry
out the emergency shutdown with fault.
3) If the oil level of main oil tank reduces but the oil pressure is normal, it is generally due to the
obvious leakage of external oil return pipe, misoperation of oil drain valve, oil leakage of oil filter,
oil leakage of oil cooler, blocking of oil screen, low pressure of low-pressure shaft seal or failure of
steam supply valve, abnormality of oil level indicator. At that time, it is necessary to inspect the oil
level indicator and add oil to the main oil tank after the confirmation that the indicator is normal and
close the misoperated oil drain valve and close the oil filling valve to the oil filter and inspect
whether the oil cooler leaks and whether the pressure of low-pressure shaft seal steam supply. If the
pressure of low-pressure shaft seal is low, promptly adjust it to the normal value.
4) If the oil level of main oil tank reduces and the oil pressure reduces simultaneously, besides
taking measure to fill oil, it is necessary to pay attention to the trend of oil pressure reduction. If the
oil pressure reduces to 0.05 MPa, the leakage of standby pump shall be started; otherwise, it shall be
manually put into use. When the oil pressure reduces to 0.035MPa and the protection does not act, it
is necessary to close the valve to shut down the unit and start the emergency oil pump to ensure the
successful idling and shutdown of rotor.
5) Principles for the treatment during oil system firing:
A) In case of firing due to the leakage of oil system, it is necessary to immediately extinguish the
fire with the fire extinguishing equipment. If the fire behavior is fierce and directly threatens the
unit safety, start the lubricating oil pump and carry out the emergency shutdown.
B) If the oil tank is on fire, carry out the emergency shutdown with fault. If the fire behavior can
not be controlled after the rotor is stationary, open the emergency oil drain valve.
C) When the speed regulating system is on fire which can not be extinguished, start the
lubricating oil pump and carry out the emergency shutdown with fault.
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D) In case of firing of oil system, immediately notify the Fire Brigade and report to the unit
foreman, shift leader and director of power generation department.
9.10 Fire
1) If the plant of steam turbine is on fire which does not yet threaten the unit safety, the shift leader
and unit foreman shall organize and lead the personnel on duty to stick to their positions to ensure
the personal and unit safety and do the following jobs better:
A) Immediately notify the Fire Brigade and report to the company leaders and director of power
generation department or professional personnel.
B) Put out the fire by themselves before the coming of Fire Brigade. If there is live equipment on
the firing place, firstly cut off the power and then put out the fire.
C) If the fire behavior is fierce and directly threatens the personal and unit safety, stop the unit
operation.
2) The steam turbine operator must be familiar with the methods of extinguishing under different
situations:
A) If the live equipment is on fire, firstly cut off the power and then extinguishing the fire with
carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or dry powder fire extinguisher.
B) If the substance which is not immersed in oil is on fire, the fire can be extinguished with
water, foam fire extinguisher and dry fire extinguisher.
C) If the oil immersed substance is on fire, the fire can be extinguished with foam fire
extinguisher and dry fire extinguisher.
D) If the oil tank or other container is on fire, the fire can be extinguished with foam fire
extinguisher and dry fire extinguisher.
3) If the generator is on fire, immediately close the valve to break the vacuum for the emergency
shutdown with fault. Finally, maintain the rotation speed within 200—300r/min and extinguish the
fire with carbon dioxide under the condition that the personal safety is ensured till the fire the
extinguished.
4) In case of a fire, the personnel on duty shall carry out the following work:
A) Do not arbitrarily leave the position.
B) Strengthen the monitoring on the unit operation.
C) Change the load of unit in accordance with the command of shift leader and prepare for the
shutdown.
9.11 Regulations on the handling of major plant motor accident
1) Requirements after the tripping of centrifugal pump:
For the major plant motor tripping out, if there is no standby motor and the shutdown may
happen, it is allowed to restart the motor tripping out.
2) Except for the following situations:
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A) Personal accident requiring immediate shutdown of rotating equipment.
B) Damage or inversion of mechanical equipment driven by the motor.
C) Smoking and firing of motor and cable.
10 DCS system operation specification
Lack data
11 Operating specification of air compressor
1) Before operating IngersoII Rand air compressor, attention shall be paid to the following
questions:
A) Keep lubricating oil in the oil pond within the scale range. Prior to operation of air
compressor, oil mass within lubricator shall be inspected not to be lower than the tick mark.
B) Inspect whether all the motion parts are flexible, whether lubricating system is normal and
whether motor and electrical control system are safe and reliable.
C) Protective device and safety accessories are intact and complete before operating air
compressor.
D) Inspect whether gas exhaust piping is unblocked.
E) Add cooling oil to the position of 1/2.
1) In operation, pay attention to conduct turning gear inspection at the time of first starting after
being left unused for a long time. Pay attention to phenomena such as impact, getting stuck or
abnormal noise.
2) Machinery shall be started in no-loaded state. Air compressor shall gradually enter loaded state
after no-loaded operation is normal.
3) After operation of air compressor becomes normal, pay attention to all the meter readings to
adjust at any time.
4) The following conditions shall be inspected during air compressor operation:
A) Whether temperature of motor is normal and whether all the electric meters readings are
within specified ranges.
B) Whether operation sound of all the machine parts are normal.
C) Whether inhalation valve emits heat and whether sound of valve is normal.
D) Whether all kinds of safety protection equipment of air compressor are reliable.
E) 2 hours after starting air compressor, oil-water in oil-water separator, intercooler and
after-cooler shall be smoothly discharged.
5) Air compressor shall stop immediately in case of following conditions to find out and then
exclude causes.
A) Sudden increase in discharge pressure and safety valve failure
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B) Load exceeds normal value suddenly.
C) Abnormal sound of machinery.
D) Abnormality in motor or electrical equipment.
6) In case of shutdown due to power interruption, recover starting switch of motor to off position to
avoid accident as a result of no action of starting controller at the time of power supply recovery.
7) Operation of motor operation by air compressor shall be implemented in accordance with related
regulations.
8) In case air compressor is left unused for more than 10 days, lubricating oil shall be injected on all
the friction surfaces. In case of long-term storage of more than one month, in addition to
discharging oil-water of all positions, dismantling all the inlet and outlet valves and blowing them
clean, wipe clean cylinder mirror surfaces, piston top surfaces, crankshaft surfaces and all the
non-matching surfaces and conduct oil seal for air compressor before covering with cap to avoid
ingress of moisture and dust.
12 Maintenance after shutdown
Run tearing gear promptly after steam turbine shuts down and rotor becomes static;
1) Pay attention to oil level of main oil tank regularly to inspect oil level every half hour. Find out
cause promptly in case of oil level decline;
2) Strengthen the maintenance of condensor water level, which is required to be the same as normal
value except in special conditions;
3) In case closed type water temperature is below 20℃ after shutdown, stop open type cooling
water pump;
4) In case exhaust steam room temperature is below 50℃ after shutdown, stop circulating water
pump;
5) In case exhaust hood temperature is below 50℃ after shutdown, stop condensate water pump;
6) In case upper cylinder temperature is below 120℃ after shutdown, turning gear may stop;
7) In case upper cylinder temperature is below 100℃ after shutdown, lubrication pump may stop;
8) There shall be one closed type pump remaining in operation after shutdown and strengthen the
maintenance of water level of closed type water tank (in the same manner as at unit operation);
9) Inspect important equipment every half hour and conduct overall inspection every one hour;
10) Unauthorized persons are prohibited from moving close to equipment after shutdown, unless
work permit is issued in case of overhaul;
11) Strengthen maintenance of water level of waste water well to prevent water from submerging
equipment;
12) Anti-freezing measures shall be taken for steam turbine after shutdown in winter with
temperature at any place within steam turbine plant not to be below 5℃;
13) Anti-freezing measures shall be taken in case temperature falls below 5℃ in steam turbine room
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in winter, which is mainly for cooling water pipes of equipment. Keep water running, adjust heating
promptly, close doors and windows with curtains added and add heat exhaust pipes if necessary.
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7 13 Attached tables
Attached Table I: Table of Water Steam Saturation Pressure-Temperature Relation
Mpa 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Mpa 0 ℃ 99.6 120.2 133.5 143.6 151.8 158.8 165.0 170.4 175.4 179.9
1 184.1 188 191.6 195.0 198.3 201.4 204.3 207.1 209.8 212.4
2 214.9 217.2 219.6 221.8 223.9 226.0 228.1 230.1 232.0 233.8
3 235.7 237.5 239.2 240.9 242.5 244.2 245.8 247.3 248.8 250.3
4 251.8 253.2 254.7 256.1 257.4 258.8 260.1 261.4 262.7 263.9
5 265.2 266.4 267.6 268.8 269.9 271.1 272.2 273.4 274.5 275.6
6 276.6 277.7 278.8 279.8 280.8 281.8 282.8 283.8 284.8 285.8
7 286.8 287.7 288.6 289.6 290.5 291.4 292.3 293.2 294.1 295.0
8 295.8 296.7 297.6 298.4 299.2 300.1 300.9 301.7 302.5 303.3
9 304.1 304.9 305.7 306.4 307.2 308.0 308.7 309.5 310.2 311.0
10 311.7 312.4 313.2 313.9 314.6 315.3 316.0 316.7 317.4 318.1
11 319.4 320.7 322.1 323.4 324.7
12 325.9 327.2 328.4 329.8 330.8
13 332.0 333.2 334.4 335.3 336.6
14 337.8 338.9 340.0 341.1 342.1
Attached Table 2: Water Quality Standard of Steam Turbine
Parameter Unit Normal limit Ideal value

Take samples of conductivity with strong acid at
downstream of cation exchanger at 25℃ with continuous μS/cm < 0.2 0.1
measurement at sampling points
Sodium 3) (Na) μg/kg* <5 2
Silicon (SiO2) μg/kg < 10 5
Iron (Fe) μg/kg < 20 5
Copper 4) (Cu) μg/kg <2 1
Attached Table 3: Requirement for Auxiliary Steam for Gland Sealing Steam Supply
Normal Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4

Parameter Unit
value measure measure measure measure
Take samples of conductivity
with strong acid at
downstream of cation
μS/cm < 0.5 ≥ 0.5 <1.0 ≥ 1.0 <2.0 ≥2.0<5.0 ≥5
exchanger at 25℃ with
continuous measurement at
sampling points
Every length of stay while
h ≤ 24 ≤4 ≤1 1)
keeping operating
每年累计的时间
h/a ≤ 500 ≤ 80 ≤ 20 1)
cumulative time every year
1) Grade 4 measure of auxiliary steam: these values show that steam quality has been out of control, which
may damage steam turbine in a short time. It is suggested to stop gland sealing steam supply.
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Attached Table 4: Quality Standard of #32 Turbine oil of Steam Turbine
Test method
Performance Value Unit
DIN/ISO ASTM
Dynamic viscosity at 40℃ 28.8-35.2/41.4 - mm2/秒 DIN 51 562-1 ASTM D 445
50.6
Air release at 50℃ ≤4 分 DIN 51 381 ASTM D 3427
min
Neutral value ≤ 0.20 mgKOH/g DIN 51 558-1 ASTM D 974
Water content ≤ 100 mg/kg DIN 51 777-1 ASTM D 1744
Foaming tendency stability at ≤ 400 ml ISO 6247 ASTM D 892
25℃ ≤ 450 Second (Sequence 1) (Sequence 1)
Water separability ≤ 300 Second DIN 51 589-1
Demulsibility ≤ 20 min DIN 51 599 ASTM D 1401
Density at 15℃ ≤ 900 Kg/m3 DIN 51 757 ASTM D 1298
Flash point >180/>185 ℃ ISO 2592 ASTM D 92
Filling temperature ≤ -6 (≤ 21.2) ℃（℉） ISO 3016 ASTM D 97
Cleanliness grade ≤ -/17/14(8 级 ISO 4406 (NAS 1638)
Color ≤2 DIN ISO 2049 ASTM D 1500
Corrosive effect on copper ≤ 2-100A3 DINENISO160 ASTM D 130
Anti-corrosive effect on steel ≤ 0-B DIN 51 585 ASTM D 665
Aging characteristic: increase ≤ 2.0 MgKOH/g DIN 51 587 ASTM D 943
in neutralization after 2500
hours
Attached Table 5: Quality Standard of H Phosphate

Fire Resistant Oil
No. Item Unit Requirement Remark
1 Appearance Transparent
2 Color Orange
3 Density (20℃) Mm2/S
4 Kinematic viscosity G / cm2 1.13~1.17
5 Pour point ℃ ≤－18
6 Flash point ℃ ≥235
Spontaneous ignition
7 ℃ ≥530
point
8 Acidity MgKOH/g ≤0.10
9 Water content % quality percentage ≤0.08
Mechanical
10 Grade NAS1638 ≤6
impurities
11 Chlorine content Mg/kg ≤100
24℃ ≤150/0
Foaming
12 93℃ ≤10/0
characteristic ml/ml
24℃ ≤150/0
13 Resistivity at 20℃ Ω/cm ≥8×109
14 Mineral oil content % quality percentage ≤4
15 Air release value 50℃,min ≤6
Page 102 of 1
Attanchment: water steam system diagram of steam turbine
Steam turbine
低压过热器
LP superheater
Reheater 2
HP superheater 2
Ev
apo
rat Reheater 1
or
HP superheater 1
Recieculating IP superheater
pump
Deaer
IP drum HP drum
ator
LP economizer
head
Condens LP drum Dower pipe Downer

Shaft heater
ate water pipe
pump
IP evaporator
Iron separator
Downer pipe HP evaporator
Demi
water HP economizer 2
LP evaporator
pump
IP economizer
HP economizer 1
Demi water
tank pf Phase HP feed water pump
Page 103 of 1
Startup curves
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Steam Turbine Operation and Maintenance Manual-1

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Khulna 225 MW Combined-cycle

Issued on 2016-00-00 Implemented on 2016-00-00

1. Scope of application .................................................................................................................... 1

(2) Main pipeline materials of system

3·10 Compressed air system

LP rotor r/min 1766 (Phase I)

Maximum allowable differential

60um (adopted in normal

Tolerable temperature of filter

4.4 Specification of bypass system

Installation site Top Top Top

Drive method Pneumatic

4.4.2 Specification of intermediate pressure bypass system

Installation site Top Top Top

Drive mode Pneumatic Pneumatic Pneumatic

Valve flow characteristics Linear Linear Linear

Pressure drop (maximum design amount) 0.26 1.9 0.05

Name Unit Value

Lubricating oil purification device of

4.11 Specification of rubber ball device

4.12 Vacuum pump specifications:

No. Name Data Unit Remark

4 Vacuum time when start-up 25 min 95k'pa

4.13 Condensate water pump specifications

No. Parameter Unit Operating condition

5.6.3 Test steps:

#1,#2 motor-driven valve at inlet

Water discharging valve of hot well

Motor-driven valve at outlet of To drain valve on the vertical pipeline(before 关闭

Demineralized water system:

Oil system of steam turbine

Valve state of steam seal system before start-up

11 Drainer inlet and outlet valve of shaft seal cooler Open

7.4.9 Control indexes in startup process

8.6 Requirements of lubrication system

8.7 Startup and stopping of oil purifier

Attached Table 2: Water Quality Standard of Steam Turbine

Parameter Unit Normal limit Ideal value

Normal Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4

Attached Table 5: Quality Standard of H Phosphate

Condens LP drum Dower pipe Downer

tank pf Phase HP feed water pump

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