MAHENDRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, (Autonomous)

Mahendhirapuri, Mallasamudram

Namakkal – 637 503

COURSE CODE & TITLE: Year / Class : II / EEE

EE2214401 – LINEAR AND DIGITAL
Semester: IV
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
QUESTION BANK
2 MARK QUESTIONS

S.NO Questions BT CO
Level
Give the difference between monolithic and hybrid ICs.
1 K1 CO1
2 State the limitations of IC technology. K1 CO1
Distinguish between dry etching and wet etching.
Both utilize corrosion as the reactive force in the etching process –
the difference is wet etching uses chemical solutions while dry
3 K2 CO1
etching uses gases. Dry etching is used primarily for circuit-
defining steps; wet etching (using chemical baths) is used mainly to
clean wafers.
Mention the purpose of oxidation process in IC Fabrication?
 In bipolar and MOS transistors, it isolates one device from
other.
 It provides surface passivation.
 It acts as a barrier or mask against the diffusion or the
4 K1 CO1
implantation of impurity dopant in substrate.
 In MOS devices, it acts as a component.
 It serves as a dielectric isolation between multilevel inter
connect layers.

List the steps used for preparation of silicon wafer.

5 The five steps of wafer forming · 1. Slicing · 2. Lapping · 3. K2 CO1
Etching · 4. Polishing · 5. Cleaning and inspection.
Summarize the popular IC package configurations available.
6 Common IC package types include DIP, SOP, QFP, and BGA. Each type K1 CO1
has distinct characteristics, advantages, limitations, and applications.
Examine dielectric isolation in IC Fabrication. Mention its application and CO1
7 K3
Limitations.
8 Justify the importance of epitaxial growth. K3 CO1
9 How surface layer of SiO2 is formed? K1 CO1
10 List out the ideal characteristics of an OP-AMP K1 CO2
11 Write any two applications of clipper and clamper.. K1 CO2
12 Give some applications of operational amplifier K2 CO2
Analyze what happens when the common terminal of V+ and V- sources
13 K1 CO2
are not grounded?
14 Draw the diagram of sample and hold circuit. K2 CO2
 15 Design the circuit for inverting summing amplifier. K3 CO2
16 Explain how an op-amp can be used as a voltage follower? K1 CO2
17 Enlist the types of DACs and ADCs. K1 CO3
18 Which is the fastest ADC? Why? K1 CO3
19 Enlist the applications of comparators. K2 CO3
Sketch the circuit of an op-amp employed as a non-inverting zero CO3
20 K1
crossing detectors, along with input and output waveforms.
Explain how an op-amp can be used as a Analog multiplier & CO3
21 K1
Divider.
22 In what way VCO is different from other oscillators? K2 CO4
23 Define duty cycle in astable multivibrator using IC 555. K1 CO4
24 Point out any two applications of 555 Timer in Mono stable mode. K2 CO4
25 Summarize the different stages of operation in a PLL. K1 CO4
Enlist If the supply voltage (Vcc) to 555 timers is 10V, Evaluate the CO4
minimum and maximum value of the voltage across the capacitor
26 K3
connected to trigger input, when it is configured in astable mode.
the applications of PLL.
27 Give the advantages of variable transconductance technique. K1 CO4
28 List the characteristics of optocoupler. K1 CO5
29 Give some examples of monolithic IC voltage regulators. K1 CO5
Point out the various protection circuits used for series voltage
30 K2 CO5
regulators.
State the need for protection diodes in voltage regulators based on
31 K1 CO5
LM317 regulator
32 Summarize any two application of isolation amplifier. K1 CO5
33 Relate ripple rejection with respect to voltage regulators. K1 CO5
Analyze the important performance parameters of 3 terminal IC
34 K1 CO5
regulators.
How are frequency of triangular waveforms, obtained using ICL
35 K2 CO5
8038 function generator?

BIG QUESTIONS
S.NO Questions BT CO
Level
36 Construct a typical transistor from the fabrication techniques of K2 CO1
monolithic ICs and briefly explain the process involved in it.
37 Describe the steps used in preparation of silicon wafer with neat sketch. K2 CO1
38 Discuss in detail about the fabrication of FET with neat sketch K2 CO1
39 With neat illustrations explain the various steps involved in the IC K2 CO1
fabrication process.
40 Evaluate the different methods of fabricating the integrated resistor with K2 CO1
neat diagram.
Describe photolithography process with neat diagram
With neat illustrations Explain metallization process to produce a thin
metal film layer with neat sketch
Describe the following processes in detail:
i (i) Diffusion Process. (6)
 ii (ii) Ion implantation process. (7)

41 Describe the characteristics of an ideal op-amp in detail. K2 CO2

42 Design a circuit of a clipper and clamper which will apply the input signal K2 CO2
above a reference voltage.
43 Examine the functions of all the basic building blocks of an operational K2 CO2
amplifier with pin diagram.
44 Draw the inverting amplifier circuit and non-inverting amplifier circuit of K2 CO2
an op amp in closed loop configuration. Obtain the expression for the
closed loop gain for both amplifiers.
45 For a maximum frequency of 50 Hz, design an integrator and K2 CO2
differentiator circuit and draw the frequency response for the same.
46 With neat circuit diagram, explain the operation of R-2R D/A converter. K2 CO3
47 Design and explain the operation of dual slope and flash type ADC with K2 CO3
neat sketch.
48 With neat sketch explain the operation of triangular waveform generator K3 CO3
using opamp.
49 Examine the construction and functions of Schmitt trigger. K2 CO3
50 Design and explain the operation of Weinbridge and phase shift K3 CO3
oscillator
51 Discuss the functional diagram of 555 timers and explain in detail with its K2 CO4
any 2 applications.
52 Describe the block diagram of a VCO and explain its operation. K2 CO4
53 Design a monostable multivibrator with pulse duration of 1ms using 555 K3 CO4
timer IC.
54 Configure a circuit using analog multiplier to measure the square of a K3 CO4
signal.
55 Discuss about the functional block diagram of NE565 phase locked loop. K2 CO4
56 Explain in detail about LM380 power amplifier IC with neat sketch. K2 CO5
57 Explain the operation of LM79XX fixed voltage regulator with necessary K2 CO5
diagram.
58 Briefly explain the switched mode power supply with necessary circuit K2 CO5
diagrams and waveforms.
59 Discuss about the functional diagram of 723 IC regulator in detail. K2 CO5
60 Using 7805 design a current source to deliver 0.2A current to 22Ω, K2 CO5
10Watt load.