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    Dictionary

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    rajnee choudhary
    Notes for class 12 Computer Sciences CBSE on DICTIONARY

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Dictionary

    Uploaded by

    rajnee choudhary
    17 views4 pages
    Notes for class 12 Computer Sciences CBSE on DICTIONARY

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Notes for class 12 Computer Sciences CBSE on DICTIONARY

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    17 views4 pages

    Dictionary

    Uploaded by

    rajnee choudhary
    Notes for class 12 Computer Sciences CBSE on DICTIONARY

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    DICITIONARY

     A dictionary is a unordered collection of key and value pairs.(ordered


    collection before 3.6 version)
     It is built-in mapping data type.
     Unlike the string , list and tuple , a dictionary is not a sequence
    because it is unordered set of elements.
     Dictionaries are indexed by keys and its keys must be of any non-
    mutable type.
     Each of the keys within a dictionary must be unique.
     Dictionaries are written with curly brackets, and have keys and values
     Dictionary items are presented in key:value pairs, and can be referred
    to by using the key name.

    Dict = {1: 'Apple', 2: 'Banana', 3: 'Orange'}


    print(Dict)
    {1: 'Apple', 2: 'Banana', 3: 'Orange'}

    Accessing Elements of a dictionary

    Elements are accessed through the keys defined in the key:value pairs.
    <dictionary-name>[<key>]
    Dict[1]
    'Apple'

    Accessing only keys or values


    Dict.keys()
    dict_keys([1, 2, 3])
    Dict.values()
    dict_values(['Apple', 'Banana', 'Orange'])

    DICTIONARY OPERATIONS
    Traversing a Dictionary
    Traversal of a collection means accessing and processing each element of it.
    For <item> in <Dictionary>:
    Process each item here
    d1={5:"number",\
    "a":"string",\
    (1,2):"tuple"}
    for key in d1:
    print(key,":",d1[key])

    5 : number
    a : string
    (1, 2) : tuple

    Adding new Elements to Dictionary


    We can add new elements (key:value pair) to a dictionary using assignment as
    the following syntax.It must be unique.
    <dictionary>[<key>]=<value>
    Employee={'name':'John','salary':10000,'age':24}
    Employee["dept"]='Sales'
    print(Employee)
    {'name': 'John', 'salary': 10000, 'age': 24, 'dept': 'Sales'}

    Updating Existing Elements in Dictionary


    Dictionary[<key>]=<value>
    Employee={'name':'John','salary':10000,'age':24}
    Employee["salary"]=20000
    print(Employee)
    {'name': 'John', 'salary': 20000, 'age': 24}

    Deleting Elements from a Dictionary


    (i)Del command delete a dictionary element or a dictionary entry
    Del<dictionary>[<key>]
    Employee={'name':'John','salary':10000,'age':24}
    del Employee['salary']
    print(Employee)
    {'name': 'John', 'age': 24}

    (ii)Another method to delete elements from a dictionary is by using pop()


    The pop() method will delete the key:value pair for mentioned key but also
    return the corresponding value.
    Employee={'name':'John','salary':10000,'age':24}
    Employee
    {'name': 'John', 'salary': 10000, 'age': 24}
    Employee.pop('age')
    24

    (iii)If you try to delete a key which does not exist, Python return error.
    Employee.pop('new')
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<pyshell#9>", line 1, in <module>
    Employee.pop('new')
    KeyError: 'new'
    (iv)pop() method allows you to specify what to display when the given key does
    not exist , as per following syntax:
    <dictionary>.pop(<key>,<in case of error show me>)
    Employee
    {'name': 'John', 'salary': 10000}
    Employee.pop('new',"Not found")
    'Not found'

    Dictionary Function
    1. Len()
    This method return length of the dictionary, i.e the count of elements in the
    dictionary.
    Employee={'name':'John','salary':10000,'age':24}
    len(Employee)
    3
    2. Clear()
    3. Get()
    This method will get the item with the given key, if the key is not present , python will
    give error
    <dictionary>.get(key,[default])
    Employee.get('name')
    'John'
    car = {
    "brand": "Ford",
    "model": "Mustang",
    "year": 1964
    }
    x = car.get("name")
    print(x)

    None

    4. Items()
    This method returns all of the items in the dictionary as a sequence of (key,
    value)tuples
    Employee.items()
    dict_items([('name', 'John'), ('salary', 10000), ('age', 24)])

    5. Keys()
    This method returns all of the keys in the dictionary as a sequence of key
    Employee.keys()
    dict_keys(['name', 'salary', 'age'])
    6. Values()
    This method returns all the values from the dictionary as a sequence (a list)
    Employee.values()
    dict_values(['John', 10000, 24])
    7. Update()
    This method merges key:value pairs from the new dictionary into original dictionary.
    Employee1={'name':'Diya','salary':540000,'age':30}
    Employee1
    {'name': 'Diya', 'salary': 540000, 'age': 30}
    Employee.update(Employee1)
    Employee
    {'name': 'Diya', 'salary': 540000, 'age': 30}

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