Research Process MGMT 201 Psda

Research Methodology and
Report Preparation
(MGMT-201)
TOPIC:
Steps in Research Process
Submitted To: Dr. Isha Gupta

Submitted By: Mr. Chirag Rastogi
Enrollment No: A3221620022

Course: B.Com. LL.B. (H)
Research Process
The research process consists of a series of systematic procedures that a researcher must go
through in order to generate knowledge that will be considered valuable by the project and
focus on the relevant topic.
In other words, the research process is similar to undertaking a journey. For a research
journey there are two important decisions to make:
1) What you want to find out about or what research questions (problems) you want to
find answers to;
2) How to go about finding their answers.
There are practical steps through which you must pass in your research journey in order to
find answers to your research questions. The path to finding answers to your research
questions constitutes research methodology.
At each operational step in the research process you are required to choose from a
multiplicity of methods, procedures and models of research methodology which will help
you to best achieve your objectives. This is where your knowledge base of research
methodology plays a crucial role.
To conduct effective research, you must understand the research process steps and follow
them. Here are a few steps in the research process:
Step 1: Identify the Problem
Finding an issue or formulating a research question is the first step. A well-defined problem
will guide the researcher through all stages of the research process, from setting objectives
to choosing a technique. There are a number of approaches to get insight into a topic and
gain a better understanding of it. Such as:
 A preliminary survey
 Case studies
 Interviews with a small group of people
 Observational survey
To define a problem correctly, a researcher must know what a problem is? What is a
Research problem a problem can be called a research problem if it satisfies the following
condition;
 It must be worth studying

 The study of the problem must be socially useful
 A research problem should come out with solutions to the issue.
Step 2: Evaluate the Literature
A thorough examination of the relevant studies is essential to the research process. It
enables the researcher to identify the precise aspects of the problem. Once a problem has
been found, the investigator or researcher needs to find out more about it.
This stage gives problem-zone background. It teaches the investigator about previous
research, how they were conducted, and its conclusions. The researcher can build
consistency between his work and others through a literature review. Such a review exposes
the researcher to a more significant body of knowledge and helps him follow the research
process efficiently.
Step 3: Create Hypotheses

Formulating an original hypothesis is the next logical step after narrowing down the
research topic and defining it. A belief solves logical relationships between variables. In
order to establish a hypothesis, a researcher must have a certain amount of expertise in the
field.
It is important for researchers to keep in mind while formulating a hypothesis that it must
be based on the research topic. Researchers are able to concentrate their efforts and stay
committed to their objectives when they develop theories to guide their work.
A research hypothesis is a predictive statement capable of being tested by scientific
methods.
 It should be clear and precise

 It should be capable of being tested
Step 4: The Research Design

Research design is the plan for achieving objectives and answering research questions. It
outlines how to get the relevant information. Its goal is to design research to test
hypotheses, address the research questions, and provide decision-making insights.
The research design aims to minimize the time, money, and effort required to acquire
meaningful evidence. This plan fits into four categories:
 Exploration and Surveys

 Experiment
 Data Analysis
 Observation
Step 5: Describe Population

Research projects usually look at a specific group of people, facilities, or how technology is
used in the business. In research, the term population refers to this study group. The
research topic and purpose help determine the study group.
Suppose a researcher wishes to investigate a certain group of people in the community. In
that case, the research could target a specific age group, males or females, a geographic
location, or an ethnic group. A final step in a study’s design is to specify its sample or
population so that the results may be generalized.
Step 6: Data Collection

Data collection is important in obtaining the knowledge or information required to answer
the research issue. Every research collected data, either from the literature or the people
being studied. Data must be collected from the two categories of researchers. These sources
may provide primary data.
 Experiment
 Questionnaire
 Observation
 Interview
Secondary data categories are:
 Literature survey
 Official, unofficial reports
 An approach based on library resources
Step 7: Data Analysis

During research design, the researcher plans data analysis. After collecting data, the
researcher analyzes it. The data is examined based on the approach in this step. The
research findings are reviewed and reported.
Data analysis involves a number of closely related stages, such as setting up categories,
applying these categories to raw data through coding and tabulation, and then drawing
statistical conclusions. The researcher can examine the acquired data using a variety of
statistical methods.
Step 8: The Report-writing

After completing these steps, the researcher must prepare a report detailing his findings.
The report must be carefully composed with the following in mind:
 The Layout: On the first page, the title, date, acknowledgments, and preface should
be on the report. A table of contents should be followed by a list of tables, graphs,
and charts if any.
 Introduction: It should state the research’s purpose and methods. This section
should include the study’s scope and limits.
 Summary of Findings: A non-technical summary of findings and recommendations
will follow the introduction. The findings should be summarized if they’re lengthy.
 Principal Report: The main body of the report should make sense and be broken up
into sections that are easy to understand.
 Conclusion: The researcher should restate his findings at the end of the main text.
It’s the final result.
Conclusion
The research process involves several steps that make it easy to complete the research
successfully. The steps in the research process described above depend on each other, and
the order must be kept.

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Research Methodology and

Steps in Research Process

Submitted To: Dr. Isha Gupta

Enrollment No: A3221620022

 It must be worth studying

Step 3: Create Hypotheses

 It should be clear and precise

Step 4: The Research Design

 Exploration and Surveys

Step 5: Describe Population

Step 6: Data Collection

Step 7: Data Analysis

Step 8: The Report-writing

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