Functions and equations

1. Consider the functions given below.

f(x) = 2x + 3
1
g(x) = x , x ≠ 0
(a) (i) Find (g ○ f)(x) and write down the domain of the function.
(ii) Find (f ○ g)(x) and write down the domain of the function.
(2)
(b) Find the coordinates of the point where the graph of y = f(x) and the graph of
–1
y = (g ○ f ○ g)(x) intersect.
(4)
(Total 6 marks)
2
2. The quadratic function f(x) = p + qx – x has a maximum value of 5 when x = 3.
(a) Find the value of p and the value of q.
(4)
(b) The graph of f(x) is translated 3 units in the positive direction parallel to the x-axis.
Determine the equation of the new graph.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
1
 , x
3. A function is defined by h(x) = 2e
x ex –1
. Find an expression for h (x).
(Total 6 marks)
4. The function f(x) = 4x + 2ax – 7a, a 
3
leaves a remainder of –10 when divided
by (x – a).
(a) Find the value of a.
(3)
(b) Show that for this value of a there is a unique real solution to the equation f(x) = 0.
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
3 2
5. Given that Ax + Bx + x + 6 is exactly divisible by (x + 1)(x – 2), find the value of A
and the value of B.
(Total 5 marks)
6. Shown below are the graphs of y = f(x) and y = g(x).

If (f  g)(x) = 3, find all possible values of x.

 (Total 4 marks)
x–1 x
7. Solve the equation 4 = 2 + 8.
(Total 5 marks)
8. (a) Express the quadratic 3x – 6x + 5 in the form a(x + b) + c, where a, b, c 
2 2
.
(3)
2
(b) Describe a sequence of transformations that transforms the graph of y = x to the graph
2
of y = 3x – 6x + 5.
(3)
(Total 6 marks)
2x  3
9. A function f is defined by f(x) = x  1 , x ≠ 1.
–1
(a) Find an expression for f (x).
(3)
–1 –1
(b) Solve the equation │f (x)│ = 1 + f (x).
(3)
(Total 6 marks)
4  x2
10. Let f(x) = 4  x .
(a) State the largest possible domain for f.
(2)
(b) Solve the inequality f(x) ≥ 1.
(4)
(Total 6 marks)
11. (a) Find the solution of the equation
4x–1 x+5 1–2x
ln 2 = ln 8 + log216 ,
expressing your answer in terms of ln 2.
(4)
(b) Using this value of x, find the value of a for which logax = 2, giving your answer to
three decimal places.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

12. Find the set of values of x for which │x – 1│>│2x – 1│.

(Total 4 marks)

13. Solve the equations

x
ln 1
y
3 2
ln x + ln y = 5.
(Total 5 marks)

14. Let g(x) = log5│2log3x│. Find the product of the zeros of g.

(Total 5 marks)

15. The diagram below shows a solid with volume V, obtained from a cube with edge a > 1
1
when a smaller cube with edge a is removed.
 diagram not to scale
1
a
Let x = a.
(a) Find V in terms of x.
(4)
1 5
(b) Hence or otherwise, show that the only value of a for which V = 4x is a = 2 .
(4)
(Total 8 marks)

3 2
16. When the function q(x) = x + kx – 7x + 3 is divided by (x + 1) the remainder is seven times
the remainder that is found when the function is divided by (x + 2).
Find the value of k.
(Total 5 marks)
17. A function is defined as f(x) = k x , with k > 0 and x ≥ 0.
(a) Sketch the graph of y = f(x).
(1)
(b) Show that f is a one-to-one function.
(1)
–1
(c) Find the inverse function, f (x) and state its domain.
(3)
–1
(d) If the graphs of y = f(x) and y = f (x) intersect at the point (4, 4) find the value of k.
(2)
–1
(e) Consider the graphs of y = f(x) and y = f (x) using the value of k found in part (d).
(i) Find the area enclosed by the two graphs.
–1
(ii) The line x = c cuts the graphs of y = f(x) and y = f (x) at the points P and Q
respectively. Given that the tangent to y = f(x) at point P is parallel to the
–1
tangent to y = f (x) at point Q find the value of c.
(9)
(Total 16 marks)
18. (a) The graph of y = ln(x) is transformed into the graph of y = ln(2x + 1).
Describe two transformations that are required to do this.
(2)
(b) Solve ln(2x + 1) > 3 cos (x), x  [0, 10].
(4)
 3 2
19. The cubic curve y = 8x + bx + cx + d has two distinct points P and Q, where the gradient is
zero.
2
(a) Show that b > 24c.
(4)
1   3 
 ,  12 and   , 20
(b) Given that the coordinates of P and Q are  2   2  , respectively, find
the values of b, c and d.
(4)
(Total 8 marks)
When 3x – ax + b is divided by x – 1 and x + 1 the remainders are equal. Given that a, b 
5
20.
, find
(a) the value of a;
(4)
(b) the set of values of b.
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
3
21. The real root of the equation x – x + 4 = 0 is –1.796 to three decimal places.
Determine the real root for each of the following.
3
(a) (x – 1) – (x – 1) + 4 = 0
(2)
3
(b) 8x – 2x + 4 = 0
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
3 2
22. Find the values of k such that the equation x + x – x + 2 = k has three distinct real solutions.
(Total 5 marks)
23. The functions f and g are defined as:
x 2
f (x) = e , x  0
1
, x   3.
g (x) = x  3
(a) Find h (x) where h (x) = g ◦ f (x).
(2)
−1
(b) State the domain of h (x).
(2)
−1
(c) Find h (x).
(4)
(Total 8 marks)
4
,x 2
24. Let f (x) = x  2 and g (x) = x − 1.
If h = g ◦ f, find
(a) h (x);
(2)
−1 −1
(b) h (x), where h is the inverse of h.
(4)
(Total 6 marks)
2 2
25. Write ln (x – 1) – 2 ln(x + 1) + ln(x + x) as a single logarithm, in its simplest form.
(Total 5 marks)
The functions f and g are defined by f : x  e ,g:x 
x
26. x + 2.
Calculate
–1 –1
(a) f (3) × g (3);
(3)
 –1
(b) (f ○ g) (3).
(3)