MODULE

2
Volleyball
Think on These!

Activity 2

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. When passing or bumping a ball, most of your power comes from your
a. back
b. hands
c. fingers
d. legs
2. During game play, it is LEGAL to:
a. Tip the ball over the net
b. Touch the net
c. Volley the ball from underneath with the palms of your hands
d. Bump the ball with two contact points
3. In volleyball, the same person can hit the ball how many times in a row?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1
4. An offensive play; A pass using the forearms is known as a
a. Block.
b. Serve.
c. Bump.
d. Set.
5. An offensive play; A downward hit into the opponents' court is known as
a
a. Bump.
b. Set.
c. Spike.
d. Serve.
6. An offensive play; A one handed hit from behind the backline is known as
a
a. Serve.
b. Set.
c. Bump.
d. Spike.
7. An offensive play; An overhead pass made with 2 hands using the
fingertips is known as a
a. Bump.
b. Serve.
c. Set.
d. Block.
8. Volleyball began as a sport in the United States in:
a. 1985
b. 1800
c. 1895
d. 1923
9. Which answer is NOT a basic violation in volleyball?
a. Stepping on or over the line on a serve.
b. Reaching under the net and crossing the line.
c. Hitting the ball twice in a row.
d. Serving the ball over the net.
10. What happens if the ball hits directly on the endline?
a. It is out
b. It is a re-do
c. Rock, paper, scissors to see who gets the point
d. It is in
11. When does your team rotate in a volleyball game?
a. every time you lose a point
b. every time you win a point
c. after the other team serves and you win the point
d. after your team serves and you lose the point
12. How many hits are allowed on each side of the net in Volleyball?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
13. In a regulation game, how many players are on the court?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 6
14. If you are the server, what position are you in?
a. Right back
b. Center back
c. Right front
d. Center front

15. Players must __________the ball when receiving a serve.

a. spike
b. dig
c. volley
d. palm
 Application

Direction: Answer comprehensively and intelligently.

1. How volleyball does promotes motivation and drive to those who play the
sport.
2. Differentiate sport from hobby.

Short History of Volleyball

The game of volleyball, originally called “mintonette,” was invented in 1895 by William
G. Morgan after the invention of basketball only four years before. Morgan, a graduate of
the Springfield College of the YMCA, designed the game to be a combination of
basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball. The first volleyball net, borrowed from tennis,
was only 6’6″ high (though you need to remember that the average American was
shorter in the nineteenth century).

The offensive style of setting and spiking was first demonstrated in the Philippines in
1916. Over the years that followed, it became clear that standard rules were needed for
tournament play, and thus the USVBA (United States Volleyball Association) was formed
in 1928.

Two years later, the first two-man beach volleyball game was played, though the
professional side of the sport did not emerge until much later. Not surprisingly, the first
beach volleyball association appeared in California (1965), and the professional players
united under the auspices of the AVP (American Volleyball Professionals) in 1983.

During the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, American men and women took gold and silver
medals in indoor volleyball competitions. Four years later at the Olympics in Korea, the
men once again scored gold. Starting in 1996, two-man beach volleyball was officially
introduced to the Olympics. Today, there are more than 800 million volleyball players
worldwide, 46 million of them in the U.S.

Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events

In 1900, a special ball was designed for the sport.

In 1916, in the Philippines, an offensive style of passing the ball in a high trajectory to be
struck by another player (the set and spike) was introduced.

In 1917, the game was changed from 21 to 15 points.

In 1920, three hits per side and back row attack rules were instituted.

In 1922, the first YMCA national championships were held in Brooklyn, NY. Twenty-
seven teams from 11 states were represented.

In 1928, it became clear that tournaments and rules were needed, so the United States
Volleyball Association (USVBA, now USA Volleyball) was formed. The first U.S. Open was
staged, as the field was open to non-YMCA squads.

In 1930, the first two-man beach game was played.

In 1934, national volleyball referees were approved and recognized.

In 1937, at the AAU convention in Boston, action was taken to recognize the U.S.
Volleyball Association as the official national governing body in the U.S.

In 1947, the Federation Internationale De Volley-Ball (FIVB) was founded.

In 1948, the first two-man beach tournament was held.

In 1949, the initial World Championships were held in Prague, Czechoslovakia.

In 1964, volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games in Tokyo.

In 1965, the California Beach Volleyball Association (CBVA) was formed.

In 1974, the World Championships in Mexico were telecast in Japan.

In 1975, the U.S. National Women’s team began a year-round training regime in
Pasadena, Texas (moved to Colorado Springs in 1979, Coto de Caza and Fountain Valley,
CA, in 1980, and San Diego, CA, in 1985).

In 1977, the U.S. National Men’s Team began a year-round training regime in Dayton,
Ohio (moved to San Diego, CA, in 1981).

In 1983, the Association of Volleyball Professionals (AVP) was formed.

In 1984, the U.S. won their first medals at the Olympics in Los Angeles. The men won the
gold, and the women the silver.

In 1986, the Women’s Professional Volleyball Association (WPVA) was formed.

In 1988, the U.S. men repeated the gold in the Olympics in Korea.

In 1990, the World League was created.

In 1995, the sport of volleyball was 100 years old!

In 1996, two-person beach volleyball became an Olympic sport.

Application

Direction: Answer comprehensively and intelligently.

1. How many players are there in a volleyball team?

2. When was beach volleyball introduced in Olympics?
3. When and where was the First Volleyball (men’s) National Championship
Held?
4. What do you know about the origin of volleyball?
5. How volleyball does became an international sport?

Basic Skills of Volleyball

1. Passing
Passing is simply getting the ball to someone else on your team after it’s been
served or hit over the net by the opposing team. It’s commonly thought of as the
most important skill in all of volleyball, because your team can’t return the ball
without a solid volleyball pass. Forearm volleyball passes are often used to direct
the ball in a controlled manner to a teammate, but overhead passing is another
option.
2. Setting
The setter has the most important position on the team, and is often the team
leader for this reason. It’s their job to make it easy for a teammate to get the ball
over the volleyball net, preferably with a spike that the other team can’t return.
The setting motion gets the ball hanging in the air, ready to be spiked by another
teammate with force.
3. Spiking
A real crowd-pleaser, spiking is the act of slamming the ball in a downward
motion across the volleyball net to the other team’s side of the court. When done
well, spiking is very difficult to return, which is why it’s an essential skill. A
proper spike will help accumulate points quickly.
4. Blocking
Blocking is another important skill, although it’s probably the most expendable
of the fundamentals. Still, it adds a great dimension to the game, keeping the
other team on their toes, so to speak. By timing it right, you can jump up and
deflect or block the opponent’s attack before it even crosses the volleyball net,
which can take them by surprise and give your team an easy point.
5. Digging
Digging is a defensive maneuver in volleyball that can save your team from an
offensive spike or attack. Your job is to keep the ball from hitting the floor, and
you do that by diving and passing the ball in a fluid motion. Unlike a typical pass,
you’ll probably be trying to recover the ball from a steep downward trajectory.
This is another great skill to have, but isn’t as important as passing, setting, or
spiking.
6. Serving
Our final fundamental skills is serving. How can you be a great volleyball player
without knowing how to serve? There are a variety of ways to serve, but you’ll
most often see the underhand or overhand serves.
 VOLLEYBALL TERMS

 Ace-Serve that results directly in a point.

• Block-Defensive play by one or more players used to intercept a spiked ball in an

attempt to rebound it back into the opponent’s court.

• Bump-Forearm pass.

• Dig -Passing a spiked or powerfully hit ball.

• Foul-Violation of the rules.

• Game Point-Last point in a game.

• Out of Bounds-When a ball lands completely outside of the boundary lines.

• Rotation-Clockwise movement of players prior to the new serving term of a team.

• Serve -Skill used by player in back-right position to put ball into play.

• Side out -When serving team fails to win the point or makes an illegal play.
The Playing Court
 Volleyball Court Dimensions

The Volleyball court is 60 feet by 30 feet in total. The net in placed in the
center of the court, making each side of the net 30 feet by 30 feet.

Center Line

A center line is marked at the center of the court dividing it equally into 30 feet
squares, above which the net is placed.

Attack Line

An attack line is marked 10 feet of each side of the center line.

Service Line

A service line, the area from which the server may serve the volleyball, is marked
10 feet inside the right sideline on each back line.

The Net

The net is placed directly above the center line, 7 feet 4 inches above the ground
for women and 8 feet above the ground for men.

Poles

Volleyball poles should be set at 36 feet apart, 3 feet further out from the
sidelines.

Ceiling Height

The minimum ceiling height should be 23 feet, though they should preferably be
higher.

RULES OF THE GAME

• Volleyball is played by two teams of six players on a court divided by a net.

• The object of the game is to send the ball over the net so that the opposing team
cannot return the ball or prevent it from hitting the ground in their court.

• Each team has three hits to attempt to return the ball.

• The ball is put in play with a serve that is hit over the net to the opponents (may
the touch net)

• The volley continues until the ball hits the playing court, goes out of bounds, or a
team fails to return it properly.

• When the receiving team wins a volley, it gains a point and the right to serve. The
players rotate one position clockwise.
• When the serving team wins a volley, it wins a point and the right to continue
serving.

• Each team consists of no more than six persons, with each side having an equal
number.

• Each player must be in his or her own position before the ball is served.

• After the server strikes the ball, each player may cover any section of the court.

• Each player serves in turn and continues to serve until the volley is lost (side out).

• After a team has lost its serve, the team receiving the ball for the first serve must
rotate one position clockwise before serving.

• The ball may be volleyed only three times from one team member to another
before returning it over the net.

• During this volley a player may not hit the ball twice in succession. One or both
hands may be used.

• A blocking player is entitled to a second play at the ball. This 2nd hit counts as the
teams 1st touch

YOU ARE ALLOWED TO:

• Serve from anywhere behind the end line.

• Play the ball after it hits the net, even off of a serve.

• Spike, or Volley the ball off of a serve.

• Hit the ball with any part of the body.

• Double contact the first ball that comes over the net.

• Reach over the net to block, as long as it is the 3rd hit for the other team.

YOU ARE NOT ALLOWED TO

• Block the serve.

• Touch the net.

• Cross the center line and interfere with play.

• Scoop or “carry” the ball.

• Double contact the ball •

Play the ball when it’s on the opponent’s side of the net (see blocking exception
above)

• Block, if you are a back row player.

SIDEOUT

• A player holds or throws the ball.

• The ball touches any part of the body, other than the hands or forearms.

• A player touches the net with any part of the body or hands, or reaches over the
net.

• A player does not clearly hit the ball or allows the ball to come to rest on any part
of parts of the body.

• A player hits the ball out of the boundaries of the court.

• A player allows the ball to hit the floor, or any object outside or over the court
(except net), before being legally returned to the opponent’s court.

• A player touches the ball twice in succession. SCORING

• The game is played by the Rally point system and a point is awarded on every
serve.

• When the serving team fails to score, it is side out and the receiving team becomes
the serving team.

• The game is played to 25 points, “win by 2.” With a cap of 30.

• A match consists of normally either 2 out of 3 sets or 3 out of 5 sets. In the event
that the sets are tied with only one set remaining, the last one is played to 15 points.

BASIC POSITIONS

• Power – blocks and attacks on the outside

• Middle – blocks and attacks in the middle

• Setter – sets the ball

• Libero – a back-row-only player that is a defensive specialist

 Officiating Officials

Volleyball officials that make up the officiating crew are first referee, second referee,
scorekeeper, assistant scorer, and line judges.

The first referee is in charge from the beginning of the match until the end.

The first referee has authority over all other members of the officiating crew.

The first referee should talk to all the officiating crew members before the match
starts, going over any questions officials might have about their responsibilities.

The first referee should have a talk with the second referee before the match starts
discussing issues such as pre-match protocol and anything that will help the match run
more smoothly.

The second referee should establish a rapport with the scorekeeper and libero tracker.
If the scorer and libero tracker have a problem or don't understand something, they
should be comfortable enough to ask the second referee for help.

Scorekeeper - Volleyball officials

The scorekeeper's main job is to make sure the score is correct at all times. The
scorekeeper uses a score sheet to keep track of the game.

If there is a difference between the score on the score sheet and the visual score (flip
score, electronic scoreboard, etc.) the visual score should be changed to match the score
on the score sheet unless the mistake on the score sheet can be determined and
corrected.

One of the referees should check the accuracy of the score sheet at the end of each set.

Scorekeeper

Pre-match,

Before the match starts, the scorekeeper should fill in the pre-match info – team names,
starting line ups, etc.

During the match,

Records points when they are scored

Watches the servers and indicates immediately to the referees when a server has served
out of order. It's also good preventive officiating to watch teams rotation in case
assistance is needed for the second referee to determine the correct team alignment.
  Records player substitutions and team timeouts
 Records any sanctions
 Records all other events as instructed by the referees
 Records the final result of the set

In the case of a protest, after the first referee gives authorization, the scorekeeper lets
the game captain write a statement for protest on the score sheet.

After the match,

 Records the final result of the match

 Signs the score sheet

Assistant Scorer - Volleyball officials

The assistant scorer (or libero tracker) sits at the scorer's table next to the scorekeeper.

The assistant scorer's main function is to record libero replacements on to a libero

tracking sheet.
Assistant Scorer

 Notifies any fault with libero replacements

 Operates the manual scoreboard on the scorer's table
 Checks the score on the scoreboard with the score on the scoresheet

Line Judges - Volleyball officials

If only two line judges are used, they stand at the corner of the end line that is closest to
the right hand of each referee, diagonally from the corner.

The line judges watch the endline and sideline of their respective corners.

For FIVB and Official Competitions, four line judges are used. Each line judge stands in
the free zone 1 to 3 meters, lined up with the imaginary extension of their respective
line.

Line judge's main responsibility is to make signals to help out the referees in making
judgment calls.

Line judges may be instructed to use flags to make the signals.

The Line Judges Signal

 Ball "in" and "out" whenever the ball lands near the lines
 Touches of "out" balls by players receiving the ball
 Ball touching the antennae
 A served ball crossing the net outside the crossing space (the space between the
antennae's)
 Any player standing off the court at the moment of service
 Server foot faults

Hand Signals in Volleyball