I NTROD UC TORY

Introduction
Introduction to CONVERGE
Session 1/16
Welcome!
• This is an introductory training course for those who are new to CONVERGE or
CONVERGE Studio
- By the end of this course, you will have hands-on experience working through all steps
of the CONVERGE workflow
• We will answer questions as time permits
- We may need to answer advanced questions at the end of this course or via email
• We encourage you to attend additional training sessions to further expand your
CONVERGE knowledge
- See convergecfd.com/events to learn about training courses, webinars, and other
learning opportunities

2
A Brief History of Convergent Science (1/2)
• 1997: Graduate students at the University of
Wisconsin–Madison establish Convergent
Science (as Convergent Thinking LLC)
• 2001: Start developing CONVERGE to address
CFD bottlenecks
• 2008: Sell first CONVERGE licenses
• 2012: Open Texas office
• 2013: Sign IDAJ as CONVERGE distributor in Asia
• 2014: Move Madison headquarters to a 40,000
square foot building
• 2014: Merge with Ignite3D to form Convergent Convergent Science headquarters
Science GmbH (Linz, Austria) in Madison, Wisconsin

3
A Brief History of Convergent Science (2/2)
• 2014: Hold first CONVERGE user conference CONVERGENT SCIENCE EMPLOYEES
• 2015: Open Detroit office 150

136
• 2016: Hold first combustion summit (Nice, France) 126

• 2016: First IFPEN combustion models implemented

in CONVERGE 102

90

• 2017: Hold first European CONVERGE user 81

conference 63

• 2017: Open India office 50

35
• 2019: Release CONVERGE version 3.0 25
18
• 2019: Hold first Indian CONVERGE user conference 5 6 6 7 6 8 8

• 2020: Hold first online CONVERGE user conference 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

4
Convergent Science Today

5
Convergent Science Partners

6
Convergent Science Collaborators

7
What Can CONVERGE Do? (1/3)
• Customize, repair, and edit surface geometry
• Steady-state and transient simulations
• Turbulence simulations via RANS, DES, IDDES,
LES, and DNS
• Simulations with large, moving/changing, and
complex surface geometries
• Advanced spray models
• Conjugate heat transfer (CHT) modeling
• Urea modeling
Screw compressor temperature profile
• Radiation modeling
8
What Can CONVERGE Do? (2/3)
• Combustion (multi-component fuel, non-premixed, fuel injection)
- Detailed chemistry (SAGE)
- Simplified combustion models (G-Equation, ECFM3Z, FGM, etc.)
• Zero- and one-dimensional chemistry tools
• Chemical mechanism reduction, tuning, and optimization
• Sensitivity and pathway flux analysis
• Dynamic mechanism reduction
• 4-stroke, 2-stroke, and rotary engines; engine knock analysis Gasoline engine with an
air-cooled liner and head
• Design of experiments, genetic algorithms
• Coupling with GT-SUITE for engine and aftertreatment system analysis
9
What Can CONVERGE Do? (3/3)
• Multi-phase flow simulations
- Cavitation
- Incompressible/compressible flows
- Condensation/evaporation
• Complex mixing simulations (realistic turbulence)
• Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modeling
• Coupling with Abaqus to analyze interactions between
fluid flow and deformable solid boundaries
• User-defined functions (UDFs)
• Inlaid mesh to resolve boundary layer flow
Pressure relief ball valve with 3DOF FSI
• Coupling with JMAG Motor Design Code to calculate heat
generation distributions associated with electromagnetic losses 10
What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (1/9)
Internal combustion engines

Opposed-piston engine simulation

Diesel engine simulation

I4 engine simulation

Conjugate heat transfer simulation of a

Oil jet piston cooling spark-ignited, port fuel-injected engine
11
What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (2/9)
Gas turbines

Premixed combustor

Microturbine simulation Conjugate heat transfer simulation of a swirler gas turbine

12
What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (3/9)
Pumps and compressors

Pendulum slider pump

Lobe compressor

Screw compressor

Scroll compressor Gerotor pump

13
 What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (4/9)
Valves

Ball valve

Globe valve

Spring valve compressor

14
What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (5/9)
Fuel injectors and sprays

Spray injection study

Rotating spray Fuel swirl atomizer

Spray injection study

15
 What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (6/9)
Urea/SCR aftertreatment system Exhaust aftertreatment systems
with injector, mixer, and selective
catalytic reduction

Autonomous meshing
details around mixer Spray impacting a urea mixer with film contours
geometry
Urea deposits on a mixer with
contours of metal temperature

Urea spray through a mixer with ammonia contours at SCR inlet

16
What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (7/9)
Electromobility

Venting and subsequent combustion of

gases from a cylindrical battery cell

Air-cooled battery pack

Electric motor cooling
17
 What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (8/9)
Multi-phase (air/oil/water)
Other applications flow through a pipe

Fluid-structure interaction
within a variable-
geometry turbocharger

Quadcopter drone

Refrigerant leak in an
air conditioning system
18
What are Some Applications for CONVERGE? (9/9)
Other applications

Boat motion in waves Blood flow in an aorta

(courtesy of the
Aircraft HVAC cabin
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Cardiovascular Fluid
Dynamics Laboratory)

19
Can I Run CONVERGE in Parallel?
• You can run CONVERGE in serial or parallel
• The plot at right shows speedup data from
CONVERGE 3.0
- Sandia Flame D case with 170 million cells
- Blue Waters supercomputer at the National
Center for Supercomputing Applications
- Scaling is 95% efficient at 8,000 cores
• How do you explain better-than-ideal scaling?
- When a large problem is run on a small number
of cores, there can be a decrease in the amount
of work required to fetch data from memory
- This decrease can persist until your problem is
small enough to fit into cache memory
20
CONVERGE Bibliography
• Convergent Science maintains a list of journal
articles, conference proceedings, and theses
that include CONVERGE results
- Updated monthly
- Contains hundreds of entries
• Help us keep the bibliography up-to-date!
- Have you recently published a paper that
includes CONVERGE results?
 Please send a PDF of your paper to
bib@convergecfd.com https://convergecfd.com/blog/bibliography

21
CONVERGE Package
• CONVERGE: A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling program
- Uses numerical methods to analyze fluid flow in stationary or moving geometries
• CONVERGE Studio: Pre- and post-processor
- Includes Polygonica and Sculptor (separate licenses may be required)
- Includes a license for Tecplot for CONVERGE
• Utilities
- CONGO (CONVERGE Genetic Optimization)
- Zero- and one-dimensional chemistry; mechanism merging, tuning, and reduction;
surrogate blender; pathway flux analysis
- Make surface, make seals, extract profile
- Heat transfer mapping
- Post convert (reformat output files for Tecplot, EnSight, GMV, FieldView, ParaView, etc.)
- And more 22
Co-simulation Options
• CONVERGE + GT-SUITE
- CONVERGE can be coupled with GT-SUITE, a 0D/1D/3D multi-physics solver
- Different options depending on licenses
 GT-SUITE license holders have free access to GT-CONVERGE, which is a reduced version of
CONVERGE and CONVERGE Studio
 Users with both CONVERGE and GT-SUITE licenses can run fully coupled simulations without
restrictions on features
• CONVERGE + Abaqus
- CONVERGE can be coupled with the Abaqus finite element solver
- Can analyze the interaction of the fluid flow with deformable solid boundaries

23
What is the CONVERGE Workflow?

24
Licenses
License Type License Name(s) Notes
converge and • One parent license is checked out for each job
converge_child • For a parallel job on N processors, N-1 child licenses are checked out
CONVERGE
• For a parallel job, one converge_super license is checked out (no child licenses)
converge_super
• Allows for an infinite number of cores per job
converge_gui • One license is checked out for each instance of CONVERGE Studio
CONVERGE
Studio • One license is checked out for each instance of CONVERGE Studio
converge_gui_polygonica
• Allows use of Polygonica geometry preparation tools in CONVERGE Studio
converge,
Academic converge_child, • Academic pricing is available for eligible institutions
converge_gui
CONVERGE converge_explore,
• Limited to 500,000 cells and 8 cores
Explore converge_gui
Trial (varies) • Negotiated upon request
Note: For chemistry calculations, CONVERGE verifies the presence of a valid license but does not check out a license
25
CONVERGE Academic Program
• Convergent Science offers exclusive CONVERGE license deals
for academic institutions around the world
• We work with colleges and universities in diverse applications
- Automotive, aerospace, biomedical, electromobility, Wave breaking on a monopile
renewable energy, etc. Courtesy of Hannah Johlas, NSF Graduate Research
Fellow at the University of Massachusetts Amherst
• Participants in our academic program have access to free
CONVERGE training and support
“We’ve been very happy with the
• CONVERGE’s autonomous meshing eliminates all user performance of CONVERGE, especially
meshing time, so students can devote their time to doing the autonomous meshing, which has
research instead of creating meshes helped us get insights into things we
could only dream of previously.”
• Learn more at
convergecfd.com/applications/converge-academic-program –Dr. Jay P. Gore, Reilly University Chair Professor
of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University
26
Do You Have Questions About CONVERGE?
• Download documentation from hub.convergecfd.com/downloads (login required)
- Getting Started Guide
- CONVERGE Manual + Release Notes
- CONVERGE Studio Manual + Release Notes
- CONVERGE UDF Manual
- Quick Setup Guides
 PDF + set(s) of input and data files

• Watch movies on the Convergent Science YouTube channel (youtube.com/user/convergecfd)

- Complete cases (channel flow, port fuel injected engine) from pre- to post-processing (see next slide)
- Miscellaneous other topics
• Contact the Applications Team at support@convergecfd.com (US), supportEU@convergecfd.com (EU)
or support.in@convergecfd.com (IN)
27
CONVERGE Training Movies on YouTube
• To reinforce topics covered
in this training, we
recommend the CONVERGE
2.4 Training playlist on our
YouTube channel
- 13 movies
- Spark-ignited engine
- From pre-processing to
running CONVERGE to
post-processing
- Version 2.4
 Still relevant, but note
that there may be some
differences
28
Continue to Expand Your CONVERGE Knowledge
• Application-focused courses help you learn to use CONVERGE for a specific application
- Internal combustion engines - Engine aftertreatment
- Gas turbines - Compressors and pumps

• Advanced courses offer deep explanations of a narrow topic (partial list below)
- Advanced Surface Preparation - Electromobility Modeling - Numerical Methods - Sealing
Tools in CONVERGE Studio - Emissions Modeling - Optimization and Model - Spray Modeling
- Advanced Topics in Internal - Fluid-Structure Interaction Interrogation - Steady-State Modeling
Combustion Engine Modeling - Post-Processing Tools
- Heat Transfer Mapping - Turbulence Modeling
- Chemistry Tools - Premixed Combustion Modeling
- Inlaid Mesh - User-Defined Functions
- Conjugate Heat Transfer Modeling - Scripts for Simulation Analysis and
- Non-Premixed Combustion - Volume of Fluid Modeling
- CONVERGE + GT-SUITE Coupling Modeling File Management

• See convergecfd.com/events for the CONVERGE training schedule

• Personalized training options may be available upon request

29