Prevention of

E N T I O N
E V O
P R
F
Breast and cervical cancer
1
CERVICAL CANCER
1. Prevention at primary , secondary and
tertiary level according to WHO
2. Barriers in prevention
3. Role of healthcare workers
4. WHO cervical cancer elimination strategy
2
PREVENTION AT
various levels
3
Primary
Prevention
1. Being vaccinated at age 9–14 years is a highly effective way to
prevent HPV infection, cervical cancer and other HPV-related
cancers.
2. Girls and boys should also be offered, as appropriate
Health information and warnings about tobacco use
Sex education tailored to age and culture
Condom promotion and provision for those engaged in
sexual activity
Male circumcision
4
Secondary prevention
From 30 years of age for women from the general
population and 25 years of age for women living
with HIV
1.Screening with a high-performance test equivalent

or better than HPV test.
2. Followed by immediate treatment or as quickly as

possible after an HPV molecular positive test.
5
Tertiary
Prevention
All women as needed
Treatment of invasive cancer at any age
Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Palliative care
6
Cervical Cancer Prevention in
Vulnerable Communities
Screening
Vaccination
Diagnosis
Surveillance
Survivorship
Treatment
7
TWO PROVEN OPPORTUNITIES TO
PREVENT CERVICAL CANCER
Vaccination opportunity Screening Opportunities

11-12 years old 21-65 years old
HPV infection Precancer

Normal cervical cells Most HPV infections do Precancers may still go Cervical cancer
not turn into precancers back to normal
8
WHO strategy
The WHO Global strategy defines elimination
Modelling estimates that a cumulative 74
as reducing the number of new cases
million new cases of cervical cancer can be
annually to 4 or fewer per 100 000 women
averted, and 62 million deaths can be avoided
and sets three targets to be achieved by the
by by 2120 by reaching this elimination goal.
year 2030 to put all countries on the pathway
to elimination in the coming decades:
Prevention of HPV-associated precancer and
90% of girls vaccinated with the HPV
cancer is also a key element of WHO's Global
vaccine by age 15
health sector strategy on HIV, hepatitis and
70% of women screened with a high-
sexually transmitted infections 2022-2030, and
quality test by ages 35 and 45
the World Health Assembly resolution WHA74.5
90% of women with cervical disease
(2021) on oral health includes actions on mouth
receiving treatment.
and throat cancers.
9
Barriers in prevention
Individual factors
Low HPV awareness Provider and facilities factors

Poor understanding of
HPV/cancer link
Training and education Systemic factors
Cultural issues Resource and facilities
-Poor screening uptake Advance therapeutics
ccess to
A
(chemo/rad) healthcare
Compromised follow-up
Palliation Un-insurance
Surveillance and
tracking systems
Immigration status
10
Role of healthcare providers, NPCDCS and
health and wellness centres
ASHA ANM PHC team
Raising awareness about NCDs Refer cases with investigation for
Manage and/or refer complications
cancer to the appropriate facility for
Raise awareness and mobilize the and cases requiring diagnostic
confirmation and initiation of
community to attend weekly ‘fixed work-up for cancer/ COPD/
treatment plan.
day’ NCD epilepsy referred by the ANM
Provide follow-up management for

ASHAs to accompany patients to patients
health facilities/ referral centres
and guide them through the Maintain NCD register
consultation and diagnostic (investigation for cancers, referral,
processes, on an as required treatment follow-up data and
basis. complications)
11
HPV
vaccine
The quadrivalent vaccine(Gardasil) available in India
targets four strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) —
HPV-6, 11, 16, and 18. Both have 70% efficacy
against Cervical cancer. [HPV-16 and HPV-18 account
for about 70% of all cervical cancers.HPV-6 and -11
cause about 90% of genital warts.]
Ceravix is a bivalent vaccine targeting 16 and 18

strains of HPV.
12
HPV VACCINATION SCHEDULE
13
Global occurance of cervical
cancer
Image: HPV Vaccination and the Risk of Invasive Cervical Cancer, Lei et al. 2020
14
HPV VACCINATION
COVERAGE
Source : WEUNIC 2021
15
Steps to Attain and Maintain High
HPV Vaccination Rates
1. Acknowledge the importance your recommendation has when
it comes to parents choosing to get their children vaccinated.
2. Maintain strong doctor-patient relationships to help with

challenging immunization conversations.
3. Use an effective approach by bundling your
vaccine recommendation.
4. Motivate your team and encourage their

immunization conversations with parents.
5.Know your rates of vaccination and refusal.

16
PREVENTION OF
Breast cancer
17
Behavioural choices and related
interventions that reduce the risk of breast
cancer include :
prolonged breastfeeding
regular physical activity
avoidance of harmful use of alcohol
avoidance of exposure to tobacco
smoke
avoidance of proloneged use of
hormones
avoidance of excessive radiation
exposure
18
Global Breast Cancer initiative
The objective of the WHO Global Breast Cancer Initiative (GBCI) is to reduce
global breast cancer mortality by 2.5% per year, thereby averting 2.5 million
breast cancer deaths globally between 2020 and 2040. Reducing global
breast cancer mortality by 2.5% per year would avert 25% of breast cancer
deaths by 2030 and 40% by 2040 among women under 70 years of age. The
three pillars toward achieving these objectives are: health promotion for
early detection; timely diagnosis; and comprehensive breast cancer
management.
19
Breast Cancer awareness Bill
2022
The Central Government shall ,
1.Create awareness about the symptoms and treatment of

breast cancer through mass media and by organizing
campaigns.
2.Provide for free medical screening in both urban and rural

areas with the aid of local authorities.
3.Provide free medical treatment to every breast cancer

patient in Government hospitals.
20
Take Away Points
21
Conclusion
22
Thank you
23

Prevention of

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Prevention of

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

E N T I O N

3. Role of healthcare workers

4. WHO cervical cancer elimination strategy

1.Screening with a high-performance test equivalent

2. Followed by immediate treatment or as quickly as

Vaccination opportunity Screening Opportunities

HPV infection Precancer

Low HPV awareness Provider and facilities factors

Provide follow-up management for

Ceravix is a bivalent vaccine targeting 16 and 18

Source : WEUNIC 2021

2. Maintain strong doctor-patient relationships to help with

4. Motivate your team and encourage their

5.Know your rates of vaccination and refusal.

1.Create awareness about the symptoms and treatment of

2.Provide for free medical screening in both urban and rural

3.Provide free medical treatment to every breast cancer

You might also like