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    Science

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    wingchun629

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Science

    Uploaded by

    wingchun629
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    8 views1 page

    Science

    Uploaded by

    wingchun629

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form

    of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.[1][2]

    Science may be as old as the human species,[3] and some of the earliest archeological
    evidence for scientific reasoning is tens of thousands of years old.[4] The earliest written
    records in the history of science come from Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around
    3000 to 1200 BCE.[5][6] Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy,
    and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity,
    whereby formal attempts were made to provide explanations of events in the physical
    world based on natural causes.[5][6] After the fall of the Western Roman Empire,
    knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the
    early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages,[7] but was preserved in the Muslim
    world during the Islamic Golden Age.[8]

    The recovery and assimilation of Greek works and Islamic inquiries into Western Europe
    from the 10th to 13th century revived "natural philosophy",[7][9] which was later transformed
    by the Scientific Revolution that began in the 16th century[10] as new ideas and
    discoveries departed from previous Greek conceptions and traditions.[11][12] The scientific
    method soon played a greater role in knowledge creation and it was not until the 19th
    century that many of the institutional and professional features of science began to take
    shape;[13][14] along with the changing of "natural philosophy" to "natural science".[15]

    Modern science is typically divided into three major branches:[16] natural


    sciences (e.g., biology, chemistry, and physics), which study the physical world;
    the social sciences (e.g., economics, psychology, and sociology), which
    study individuals and societies;[17][18] and the formal sciences (e.g., logic, mathematics,
    and theoretical computer science), which study formal systems, governed by axioms and
    rules.[19][20] There is disagreement whether the formal sciences are science disciplines,[21][22]
    [23]
    because they do not rely on empirical evidence.[24][22] Applied sciences are disciplines
    that use scientific knowledge for practical purposes, such as
    in engineering and medicine.[25][26][27]

    New knowledge in science is advanced by research from scientists who are motivated by
    curiosity about the world and a desire to solve problems.[28][29] Contemporary scientific
    research is highly collaborative and is usually done by teams in academic and research
    institutions,[30] government agencies, and companies.[31][32] The practical impact of their
    work has led to the emergence of science policies that seek to influence the scientific
    enterprise by prioritizing the ethical and moral development of commercial
    products, armaments, health care, public infrastructure, and environmental protection.

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