B6854 : Advanced Design of

Reinforced Concrete Structures

Course Lead & Course Instructor:

Dr. Praveen Oggu Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Vardhaman College of Engineering, Hyderabad

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
Affiliated to JNTUH, Approved by AICTE, Accredited by NAAC with A++ Grade, ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Kacharam, Shamshabad, Hyderabad – 501218, Telangana, India

1
 Design of Singly Reinforced Beam
Design a simply supported reinforced rectangular beam whose centre to centre
distance between supports is 8 m and supported on brick walls of 300 mm
thickness. The beam is subjected to an imposed load of intensity 7 kN/m. Assume
M20 grade concrete and Fe415 grade steel?
Solution:-
Given Centre to centre distance between supports(clear span) = 8m
Width of support = 300 mm
Intensity of imposed load = 7 kN/m
Fck = 20 MPa
Fy = 415 MPa
Assume width of the beam = 300 mm
To adopt required depth of section based on serviceability requirements from CL
23.2.1.a of IS 456,
The basic value of span to effective depth ratio for a simply supported beam is
equal to 20
Therefore, the required effective depth of section d = span/20
d = 8000/20 = 8000/20 = 400 mm

Effective span:- [From Cl 22.2.a]

Clear span = c/c distance – wall width = 8000 – 300 = 7700 mm
(i) clear span + d = 7700+400 = 8100 mm
(ii) centre-centre distance between supports = 8000 mm
Therefore, effective span L = 8000 mm
Calculation of factored BM:
Assuming intensity due to self wt of beam as 5 kN/m
Total intensity of factored udl, Wu = (7+5)x1.5 = 18 kN/m
The factored/ultimate BM for a simply supported beam with uniform load
2

=
W u Leff
M u 8
2

=
18 x8 = 144 kNm
M u
8

Calculation of required depth of section:

(i) From serviceability requirement, the required depth of section shall not be
less than 400 mm
(ii) Based on moment criteria from Cl G.1.c of IS 456, the required depth of
section is calculated as
  
x
= 0.36 u
 xu 
1 − 0.42
2
Mu max max
 f bd
lim it d  d  ck
 

= 0.138
2
Mu f ck
bd

d req = M u

0.138b f ck

6
144 X 10
d req = = 417.03 mm
0.138 X 300 X 20

 Adopt effective depth, d = 450 mm

Assume effective cover to the reinforcement d’ = 50 mm
Therefore, Overall depth of the section D = d + d’
= 450 + 50
= 500 mm
Intensity due to self weight of beam = b x D x unit wt of concrete
= 0.3 x 0.5 x 25
= 3.75 kN/m (< 5 kN/m)
Hence , Ok

Calculation of Area of reinforcement steel Ast: [Cl G.1.b]

The area of tension reinforcement steel corresponding to factored bending
moment Mu is calculated as
  f A 
 st 
= 0.87 Ast 1 −
y
Mu f d 

y

f bd
ck 
 Ast 
415 X
144 X 10 = 0.87 X 415 X X 450 X  −
6
A st  1
20 X 300 X 450 
 

 = 1058.52
2
A st mm

Check for Area of reinforcement steel Ast; [Cl 26.5.1.1]

0.85bd 0.85 X 300 X 450

= = = 276.5
2
Ast 415 mm y
min
f y
 = 0.04bD = 0.04 X 300 X 450 = 5400
2
Ast max
mm
276.5  1058.52  5400
A  Ast  Ast
st min max

Hence, Ok. Detailing of reinforcement in section:

Assuming 20 mm diameter bars, the

numbers of bars required in tension is
given by,

N = A st
=
1058.52
= 3.37  4no
bt
A 314
 Design of Doubly Reinforced Beam
A RC rectangular cantilever beam of effective span 3 m is subjected to a uniform
force of intensity 40 kN/m at service state. Design the beam if the depth of
section is not to exceed 500 mm? Grade of concrete M20; Grade of steel Fe 415.
Solution:-
Given limited depth of the beam, D = 500 mm
Intensity of working UDL on beam = 40 kN/m
Effective span of beam, L = 3 m
Assume width of the beam, b = 300
Assume effective cover to tension reinforcement as 40 mm
Characteristic strength of concrete, Fck = 25 MPa [Table-5 of IS456]
Characteristic strength of steel, Fy = 415 MPa
Intensity of factored UDL = 40x1.5 = 60 kN/m
Effective depth of section, d = D – d’ = 500 – 40 = 460 mm

1. Calculation of design moment and section capacity:

The factored bending moment of a cantilever beam carrying Udl is,
2

=
W L u eff
M u
2
2
60 X3
Mu= 2
= 270 kNm
The limiting moment of resistance of the section is given by the expression given
in ANX-G of IS 456 as,
 
x
= 0.36 u

1 − 0.42
x u  2
M ulim it d 
max

max
f
d  ck b d
 
M ulim it = 0 . 36 X 0 . 48 X (1 − 0 . 42 X 0 . 48 ) X 20 X 300 X 460
2

Mu = 175.15 kN − m
lim it

Since, moment capacity of section is less than factored bending moment in the
section (i.e,. Mulimit < Mu), the beam section is to be designed as doubly reinforced
section.
2. Calculation of required area of reinforcement:
The area of tension reinforcement corresponding to limiting moment is given by,

 f A 
= f  −
y st1 
M ulim it 0 . 87
y Ast1 
1
f 
 ck b d 
 415 X A 
6
=  − st1 
175.15 10
X 0 . 87 X 415 X Ast1  20 X 300 X 460 
1
 

 = 1314..34 mm
2
Ast 1
Excess moment for which additional reinforcement is needed is given by

Mu = Mu −Mu
2 lim it

M u = 270 −175.15 = 94.85 kN − m

2

Required area of compression reinforcement corresponding to Mu2 is given by,

Mu 2
= f A d − d 
sc sc
|

=
Mu
A f d − d 
2
sc |
sc
Assuming effective cover to compression reinforcement as 30 mm
6
94.85 X 10
Asc = = 625.32
2

0.85 X 415 X 460 − 30 mm

Required area of tension reinforcement corresponding to Mu2 is given by,

Mu 2
= 0.87 f Ast d − d 
y 2
|

=
Mu
0.87 f d − d 
Ast 2
2
|
y
Assuming effective cover to compression reinforcement as 30 mm
6

=
94.85 X 10 = 610.94
2
Ast 2 0.87 X 415 X 460 − 30 mm

Therefore, total area of tension reinforcement is given by,

Ast = Ast + Ast
1 2

Ast = 1314.34 + 610.94 = 1925.28 mm 2

Check for Area of Reinforcement: [Cl 26.5.1.1]
0.85bd 0.85 X 300 X 460
= = = 282.65 mm
2
Ast min
f 415
y

Maximum area of tension reinforcement is given by

Ast = 0.04bD = 0.04 X 300 X 500 = 6000mm 2
max

Ast  Ast  Ast Hence, Ok

min max

Similarly ,
Asc = 0.04bD = 0.04 X 300 X 500 = 6000mm 2
max

Asc  Asc max

Hence, Ok
Assuming 25 mm diameter bars in tension, number of bars is given by,

N bt = Ast
=
1925.28
= 3.93  4 No
A 490

Assuming 20 mm diameter bars in compression, number of bars is given by,

N bt = Asc
=
625.32
= 1.99  2 No
A 314

Detailing of Reinforcement in section :