CANNULATION

BEE ENN COLLEGE OF NURSING
PROCEDURE ON
PERIPHERAL INSERTION CANNULATION
SUBJECT: CHILD HEALTH NURSING
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Miss Rimple Pathania Ms. Saima Rasheed
Nursing Tutor M.Sc. (N) 1st year
Child Health Nursing Child Health Nursing
BECON BECON
SUBMITTED ON:
Peripheral Insertion Cannulation

Definition:
Peripheral intravenous (IV) cannulation involves inserting a cannula into a peripheral vein to
provide access for fluids, medications, or blood products.
Purposes:
Peripheral intravenous (IV) cannulation is performed for several important medical purposes:
Fluid Administration: To provide fluids for hydration, electrolyte balance, or to replace blood
loss.
Medication Administration: To deliver medications directly into the bloodstream for rapid
effect. This includes antibiotics, pain medications, and emergency drugs.
Blood Product Transfusion: To administer blood or blood products to patients needing
transfusions.
Nutritional Support: For patients requiring parenteral nutrition when oral or enteral feeding is
not possible.
Diagnostic Procedures: To collect blood samples for laboratory analysis.
Contrast Administration: To administer contrast agents during imaging studies like CT scans or
MRIs.
Articles required:
IV Cannula: Choose the appropriate size based on the patient’s condition and vein size
(commonly 18G, 20G, 22G, or 24G).
Tourniquet: To engorge the veins making them more prominent and easier to cannulate.
Antiseptic Swabs: Such as alcohol wipes or chlorhexidine for cleaning the insertion site to
reduce infection risk.
Gloves: Sterile or clean gloves to maintain asepsis during the procedure.
Adhesive Dressings: Transparent film dressings or other types of adhesive dressings to secure
the cannula in place.
Saline Flush: Pre-filled saline syringes to flush the cannula and ensure patency.
IV Extension Set or Cap: To connect to the cannula for fluid administration or to keep the line
open for future use.
Sharps Disposal Container: For safe disposal of the used needle and other sharps.
Tape or Securing Device: Additional tape or a securing device to further stabilize the cannula
and IV tubing.
Gauze Pads: To apply pressure and control any bleeding post-cannulation or to use during the
procedure if needed.
Procedure:
1.Preparation:
1.Verify the Order: Confirm the medical order for IV cannulation, including the type and
size of the cannula required.
2.Gather Supplies: Assemble all necessary equipments.
IV cannula (appropriate size)
Tourniquet
Antiseptic swabs (e.g., chlorhexidine or alcohol wipes)
Adhesive dressings (e.g., transparent film dressing)
Saline flush (pre-filled syringe)
Gloves (sterile or clean)
Sharps disposal container
Tape or securing device
3.Identify the Patient: Ensure correct patient identification using at least two identifiers
(e.g., name and date of birth).
4.Explain the Procedure: Inform the patient about the procedure, its purpose, and what to
expect to obtain informed consent.
2. Site selection:
1.Choose a Vein: Select an appropriate vein, typically on the dorsal side of the hand or the
forearm. Consider veins like the cephalic, basilic, or median cubital.
2.Apply a Tourniquet: Place the tourniquet 5-10 cm above the selected site to engorge the vein.
Ensure it's not too tight to avoid excessive discomfort.
3. Vein preparation:
1.Palpate the Vein: Feel for a straight, well-filled vein. Avoid veins that are hard, scarred, or near
joints.
2.Clean the Site: Use an antiseptic swab to clean the insertion site. Start at the center and move
outward in a circular motion. Allow it to dry completely to minimize infection risk.
4.Cannula Insertion:
1.Don Gloves: Wear clean or sterile gloves as per protocol.
2.Stabilize the Vein: With your non-dominant hand, hold the patient’s skin taut below the
intended insertion site to stabilize the vein.
3.Insert the Cannula:
Hold the cannula with your dominant hand.
Insert the cannula at a 15-30 degree angle, bevel up, into the skin and vein.
Watch for a flashback of blood in the cannula chamber, indicating vein entry.
4.Advance the Cannula:
Once you see the flashback:
Lower the angle of the cannula slightly and advance it a few millimetres to ensure it is fully in
the vein.
Slide the plastic cannula off the needle into the vein while holding the needle steady.
5.Remove the Needle: Once the cannula is in place, press the vein lightly above the insertion
site to prevent blood flow, then remove the needle and dispose of it immediately in a sharps
container.
6 . Securing the Cannula:
Connect the IV Line or Cap: Attach the saline flush to the cannula hub and flush to ensure
patency. Alternatively, connect the IV line.
Secure the Cannula: Apply an adhesive dressing over the cannula to secure it in place. Tape the
IV line if necessary to prevent movement and dislodgment.
7 . Post-Insertion Care:
Flush the Cannula: Flush with saline to ensure proper flow and patency.
Monitor the Site: Regularly check the insertion site for signs of complications such as redness,
swelling, pain, or leaking.
Educate the Patient: Instruct the patient to report any discomfort or issues with the IV site
immediately.
References:
1.Kaur, J. & Badyal, D. K. (2015). Paediatric nursing care: A concept-based approach.
New Delhi, India: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, page no -200-210.
2.Sudha, K. & Radhakrishnan, S. (2017). Paediatric nursing: An introductory text. New Delhi,
India: Elsevier., page no 110-123
3.Paediatric Hospital Medicine” – American Academy of Paediatrics

CANNULATION

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BEE ENN COLLEGE OF NURSING

PERIPHERAL INSERTION CANNULATION

SUBJECT: CHILD HEALTH NURSING

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Peripheral Insertion Cannulation

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