Learning Competencies: 1. Plan and prepare for task to be undertaken 2. Input data into computer 3. Access information using computer 4. Produce output/ data using computer system 5. Use basic functions of a www- browser to locate information 6. Maintain computer equipment and systems
Preliminary Activity
Decode Me! Computer are found in many places. Find out what these places are by decoding the words below. Do this by writing the letter of the alphabet that comes after each given letter. Use A as the letter after Z.
A computer is an electronic machine that processes and stores information. It takes raw information using input devices, stores in the memory until it is ready to be processed in processing unit and sends out result using output devices.
Computers are classified into four (4) different types based on its processing power and size: Supercomputer
Minicomputer Classification of Computer Mainframe Computer
Microcomputer Computer Systems Servicing NC II | 43 Types of Computer
1. Supercomputer is the fastest and most powerful computer in terms of performance
and data processing. It uses power to run one program at a time. Use in: a. Research and exploration b. Weather forecasting c. Nuclear weapon testing 2. Mainframe computer is not as powerful as the supercomputer. It is designed to run multiple programs concurrently. Used in: a. Banks b. Educational institution c. Insurance companies 3. Minicomputer also known as “midrange” computer fill the spaces between the mainframe and microcomputer. It is smaller than the supercomputer or mainframe computer but bigger and more powerful than the microcomputer. They are generally used as mid-range servers. Used in: a. Data management device b. Communication portal c. Process control 4. Microcomputer is the most widely used computer – desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. It is the cheapest among the different classes of computers. The computer is design for general usage such as entertainment, education and work purposes.
The Elements of Computer System
A computer system is a collection of entities that are designed to receive, process,
manage, and present information in a meaningful format. Elements of Computer System
Hardware Software Peopleware
1. Hardware refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and devices which provides support for major function such as input, output, process and storage. Components of Computer Hardware
Input Output Device Device
Process Storage Device Device
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A. Input Devices are composed of device that accepts data and instructions from the user or from another computer system. Example: 1. Keyboard 2. Mouse 3. Scanner 4. Microphone
B. Output Device is any piece of computer hardware that display the results after the computer has processed the input data that has been entered. Example: 1. Monitor 2. Printer 3. Speaker 4. Projector
C. Process Device is the computer’s circuitry in system unit. It plays an
important role in processing operations. It is used to process data, using instructions from the program.
Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board is the main circuit board of a
computer. It contains all the circuits and components that run the computer.
CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain or heart of a computer
system. It performs all of the instructions and calculations that are needed and manages the flow of information through a computer
RAM (Random Access Memory) holds data only when the power is on.
Video Card / Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) also called as display
card, is an expansion card which generates a feed of output images to a display device.
System Unit also known as a tower or chassis is the main part of a desktop computer. It encloses motherboard, CPU, RAM, video card and other internal components.
Other Internal Components of the System Unit
1. Power Supply Unit (PSU)
2. Heat sink 3. Optical Drive
D. Storage Device stores data and programs. These hold data, information, and programs permanently.
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Magnetic Storage Optical Storage Flash Memory E. Blu-ray Solid State Drive Hard Disk Drive
CD Memory Card
Floppy Disk DVD USB Flash Drive
1. Hard Disk Drive is a magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer. The HDD is used as permanent storage for data.
2. Floppy Disk is a removable data storage magnetic medium that housed in a
rigid plastic cartridge measuring 3.5 inches square and about 2 millimeters thick.
3. Blu-ray was designed to supersede DVD format, and is capable of storing
several hours of video in high definition.
4. CD (Compact Disc) is a nonmagnetic, polished metal disc used to store digital
information.
5. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) single-sided, one-layered disc, which is enough for a 133-minute movie.
6. Solid State Drive is a storage medium that uses non-volatile memory.
7. Memory Card is a flash memory data storage used with digital camera, handheld, tablet/mobile.
8. USB Flash Drive is a plug-and-play portable storage device that uses flash memory and is lightweight enough to attach to a key chain.
2. Software this term refers to the collection of electronic instructions that tells the computer what to do. It is a computer program that is installed in your computer.
a. System Software coordinates the activities and functions of hardware and
software. It controls the operations of computer hardware and provides an environment or platform for all of the other types of software to work in. It is the most basic type of software.
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1. Operating System is the program that, after being initially loaded into computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer. Example: Microsoft Windows, MacOS, Linux.
2. Utility Programs are small, powerful programs with a limited
capability, they are usually operated by the user to maintain a smooth running of the computer system.
b. Application Software is a computer program that performs a specific task.
3. Peopleware the most important element of a computer system is its users.
1. System Analysts are people who design the operation and
processing of the system. 2. System Programmers are people who write codes and programs to implement the working of the system. 3. System Operators are people who operate the system and use it for different purposes.
Common Computer Applications Used in Performing Computer Related Duties
1. Microsoft Office Application is a package application developed by Microsoft and
is intended to be used in offices and schools. a. MS Word is a word processing application used for creating documents such as letters, brochures, etc. b. MS Excel is a spreadsheet program ideal for entering, calculating, and analyzing numeric data such as sales, students’ grades, etc. c. MS PowerPoint is a presentation tool that uses graphical approach to presentation form of slides.
2. Photo Editing Software is commonly used in editing and enhancing photos that would give you an excellent output.
3. Video Editing Software is used to edit movies or movie clips.
4. Web Browsers is an application used to access information on the World Wide
Web.
Assessment
Classify the following devices. Write ID for Input Device, PD for Process Device, OD for Output Device and SD for Storage Device.
__________ 4. USB Flash Drive __________ 5. Speaker __________ 6. Hard Disk Drive __________ 7. Keyboard __________ 8. SSD __________ 9. Scanner __________ 10. GPU
Fill in the missing word/s to complete the sentence.
1. A _____________ is an electronic machine that processes and stores information.
It takes raw information using _____________ devices, stores in the memory until it is ready to be processed in processing unit and sends out result using _____________ devices. 2. A __________________________ is a collection of entities that are designed to receive, process, manage, and present information in a meaningful format. It has three elements: _____________, _____________ and _____________. 3. _____________ refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and devices which provides support for major function such as input, _____________, process and _____________. 4. __________________________ are composed of device that accepts data and instructions from the user or from another computer system. 5. __________________________ is any piece of computer hardware that display the results after the computer has processed the input data that has been entered. 6. __________________________ is the computer’s circuitry in system unit. It plays an important role in processing operations. 7. __________________________ stores data and programs. These hold data, information, and programs permanently. 8. _____________ this term refers to the collection of electronic instructions that tells the computer what to do. It is a computer program that is installed in your computer. 9. __________________________ is an application used to access information on the World Wide Web. 10. __________________________ is a package application developed by Microsoft and is intended to be used in offices and schools. 11. _____________ Software is used to edit movies or movie clips. 12. _____________ Software is commonly used in editing and enhancing photos that would give you an excellent output. 13. _____________ the most important element of a computer system is its users. 14. __________________________ is a storage medium that uses non-volatile memory. 15. __________________________ is the program that, after being initially loaded into computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer.
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Activity. Finger Keyboarding. Draw a diagram of proper hand position using keyboard and label each finger with the keys assigned. Draw inside the box below.
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OHS Policies and Procedures
OHS or Occupational Health and Safety refer to the legislation, policies,
procedures and activities that aim to protect the health, safety and welfare of all people at the workplace.
1. Do not work alone so that someone can take care of you in case of emergency. 2. Always power off the computer and unplug the computer before working on it. 3. Take away any liquid near your working area to avoid getting electrocuted or accidentally damaging computer parts. 4. Be careful with tools that may cause short circuit. 5. Always ground or discharge yourself before touching any parts of the computer. 6. Do not use excessive force if things don’t quite slip into place. 7. Clean the area before and after using it to maintain sanitation and prevent accidents. 8. Hold the components on the edges and do not touch the Integrated Circuit parts. 9. Always wear personal protective equipment (PPE) in accordance with the organization’s OHS procedures and practices. 10. Make sure that the pins are properly aligned when connecting a cable connector. 11. Emergency measures during workplace accidents, fire, and other emergencies are recognized. 12. Use brush, compressed air or blower in cleaning the computer system.
5S for the Personal Computer
WHEN IN A PLACE CLEAN AND MAKE UP PART OF
SET IN ORDER
SHINE
STANDARDIZE SORT
SUSTAIN DOUBT, FOR INSPECT OR THE RULES, DAILY WORK MOVE IT EVERYTHING INSPECT FOLLOW AND IT OUT - RED AND THROUGH AND BECOMES A TAG EVERYTHING CLEANING ENFORCE HABIT TECHNIQUE IN ITS PLACE THEM
Step 1: SORT (SEIRI)
Too many unused files and folders slow you and your computer down. Remove or discard what is not needed so that there are fewer hazards and less clutter to interfere with work. Only keep what is needed.
Step 2: SET IN ORDER (SEITON)
There must be place for everything. Organize your files and folders to reduce clutter and allow for instant access: 1. Establish a naming convention for files. This will make files easier to locate. 2. Create a folder system for organizing your work.
