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MySQL Stored Function

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18 views

MySQL Stored Function

Uploaded by

vaishnavinikunj1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MySQL Stored Function

A stored function is a special kind stored program that returns a single value.
Typically, you use stored functions to encapsulate common formulas or
business rules that are reusable among SQL statements or stored programs.

Different from a stored procedure, you can use a stored function in SQL
statements wherever an expression is used. This helps improve the readability
and maintainability of the procedural code.

To create a stored function, you use the CREATE FUNCTION statement.

MySQL CREATE FUNCTION syntax


The following illustrates the basic syntax for creating a new stored function:

DELIMITER $$

CREATE FUNCTION function_name(


param1,
param2,…
)
RETURNS datatype
[NOT] DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
-- statements
END $$

DELIMITER ;

In this syntax:

First, specify the name of the stored function that you want to create
after CREATE FUNCTION keywords.
Second, list all parameters of the stored function inside the parentheses
followed by the function name. By default, all parameters are
the IN parameters. You cannot specify IN , OUT or INOUT modifiers to parameters
Third, specify the data type of the return value in the RETURNS statement, which
can be any valid MySQL data types.
Fourth, specify if a function is deterministic or not using
the DETERMINISTIC keyword.
A deterministic function always returns the same result for the same input
parameters whereas a non-deterministic function returns different results for
the same input parameters.

If you don’t use DETERMINISTIC or NOT DETERMINISTIC, MySQL uses the NOT
DETERMINISTIC option by default.
Fifth, write the code in the body of the stored function in the BEGIN END block.
Inside the body section, you need to specify at least
one RETURN statement. The RETURN statement returns a value to the calling
programs. Whenever the RETURN statement is reached, the execution of the
stored function is terminated immediately.

MySQL CREATE FUNCTION example


Let’s take the example of creating a stored function. We will use
the customers table in the sample database for the demonstration.
Int Add(int a,int b)
{
}
Z=add(x,y)
The following CREATE FUNCTION statement creates a function that returns the
customer level based on credit:
DELIMITER $$

CREATE FUNCTION CustomerLevel(


credit DECIMAL(10,2)
)
RETURNS VARCHAR(20)
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
DECLARE customerLevel VARCHAR(20);

IF credit > 50000 THEN


SET customerLevel = 'PLATINUM';
ELSEIF (credit <= 50000 AND
credit >= 10000) THEN
SET customerLevel = 'GOLD';
ELSEIF credit < 10000 THEN
SET customerLevel = 'SILVER';
END IF;
-- return the customer level
RETURN (customerLevel);
END$$
DELIMITER ;

Once the function is created, you can view it in MySQL Workbench under
the Functions section:

Or you can view all stored functions in the current classicmodels database by
using the SHOW FUNCTION STATUS as follows:
SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
WHERE db = 'classicmodels';
Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)
Calling a stored function in an SQL statement

The following statement uses the CustomerLevel stored function:


SELECT
customerName,
CustomerLevel(creditLimit)
FROM
customers
ORDER BY
customerName;
Code languag e: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

Calling a stored function in a stored procedure

The following statement creates a new stored procedure that calls


the CustomerLevel() stored function:
DELIMITER $$

CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerLevel(


IN customerNo INT,
OUT customerLevel VARCHAR(20)
)
BEGIN

DECLARE credit DEC(10,2) DEFAULT 0;

-- get credit limit of a customer


SELECT
creditLimit
INTO credit
FROM customers
WHERE
customerNumber = customerNo;
-- call the function
SET customerLevel = CustomerLevel(credit);
END$$

DELIMITER ;

The following illustrates how to call the GetCustomerLevel() stored procedure:


CALL GetCustomerLevel(-131,@customerLevel);

SELECT @customerLevel;

It’s important to notice that if a stored function contains SQL statements that
query data from tables, then you should not use it in other SQL statements;
otherwise, the stored function will slow down the speed of the query.

> mysql -u root -p


Enter password: ********
Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)
You will need to enter the password for the root user account to log in.

Step 4

Use the source command to load data into the MySQL Server:
mysql> source c:\temp\mysqlsampledatabase.sql

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