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02-View, Stored Procedure, Function, and Trigger

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129 views

02-View, Stored Procedure, Function, and Trigger

Uploaded by

21020075
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VIEW, STORED PROCEDURE,

FUNCTION AND TRIGGER

Lê Hồng Hải
UET-VNUH
Today’s Overview

1 • View

2 • Stored Procedure,
Function

3 • Trigger

2
View Definition

 A view is a named query stored in the


database catalog

3
Advantages of Views

 Simplify complex query


◼ You can create a view and reference to the
view by using a simple SELECT statement
instead of typing the query all over again
 Add extra security layers
◼ A table may expose a lot of data including
sensitive data such as personal and banking
information
◼ By using views and privileges, you can limit
which data users can access by exposing only
the necessary data to them

4
View in MySQL & PostgreSQL

5
Create a View

CREATE VIEW staff_list


AS
SELECT *
FROM staff AS s JOIN address AS a ON s.address_id =
a.address_id JOIN city ON a.city_id = city.city_id
JOIN country ON city.country_id =
country.country_id;

6
UsingView

SELECT first_name, last_name, address


FROM staff_list

7
Today’s Overview

1 • View

2 • Stored Procedure,
Function

3 • Trigger

8
Stored procedure

 When you use MySQL Workbench or mysql


shell to send the SQL query to MySQL
Server
 If you want to save this query on the
database server for execution later, one
way to do it is to use a stored procedure

9
Stored Procedure Example

CREATE PROCEDURE film_in_stock(IN p_film_id INT, IN


p_store_id INT, OUT p_film_count INT)
READS SQL DATA
BEGIN
SELECT inventory_id
FROM inventory
WHERE film_id = p_film_id
AND store_id = p_store_id
AND inventory_in_stock(inventory_id);

SELECT FOUND_ROWS() INTO p_film_count;


END

10
Stored Procedure Example
CREATE FUNCTION inventory_in_stock(p_inventory_id INT) RETURNS BOOLEAN
READS SQL DATA
BEGIN
DECLARE v_rentals INT;
DECLARE v_out INT;

SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_rentals


FROM rental
WHERE inventory_id = p_inventory_id;

IF v_rentals = 0 THEN
RETURN TRUE;
END IF;

SELECT COUNT(rental_id) INTO v_out


FROM inventory LEFT JOIN rental USING(inventory_id)
WHERE inventory.inventory_id = p_inventory_id
AND rental.return_date IS NULL;

IF v_out > 0 THEN


RETURN FALSE;
ELSE
RETURN TRUE;
END IF;
11
END $$
Stored Procedure

 Set value for variable


◼ Using SET or SELECT INTO.
 Call SP:
◼ Call film_in_stock(1,1, @film_count);
◼ Select @film_count;

12
Stored Procedure

 A stored procedure can have parameters


so you can pass values to it and get the
result back
 Also, a stored procedure may contain
control flow statements such as IF, CASE,
and LOOP
 A stored procedure can call other stored
procedures or stored functions, which
allows you to organize your code more
effectively

13
Stored Procedures Advantages

 Reduce network traffic


◼ Applications have to send only the name and parameters
of stored procedures.
 Centralize business logic in the database
◼ You can use the stored procedures to implement business
logic that is reusable by multiple applications
 Make the database more secure
◼ The database administrator can grant appropriate
privileges to applications that only access specific stored
procedures without giving any privileges to the underlying
tables.

14
Stored Procedures Disadvantages

 Lack of Portability
SQLServer uses T-SQL

 Oracle uses PL-SQL

 Developing and maintaining stored


procedures often requires a specialized
skill

15
SP Syntax in MySQL

 BEGIN
◼ DECLARE variables;
◼ DECLARE cursors;
◼ DECLARE conditions;
◼ DECLARE handler;
◼ other SQL commands;
 END;

16
IF THENclause

IF condition THEN
commands;
[ELSE IF condition THEN
commands;]
[ELSE commands;]
END IF;

17
CASEclause

CASE expression
WHEN value1 THEN commands;
[WHEN value2 THEN commands;]
[ELSE commands;]
END CASE;

18
REPEAT UNTILclause

[loopname:]
REPEAT commands;
UNTIL condition
END REPEAT [loopname];

19
WHILEclause

[loopname:]
WHILE condition DO commands;
END WHILE [loopname];

20
Cursor

 The cursor is used to iterate through the


rows of results returned by the query and
process each row individually

21
Cursor Syntax

 DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR


SELECT_statement;
 OPEN cursor_name;
 Extract each record and move to the next
record using the FETCH command
FETCH cursor_name INTO variable list;
 CLOSE cursor_name;

22
Today’s Overview

1 • View

2 • Stored Procedure,
Function

3 • Trigger

23
Trigger

 a trigger is a stored program invoked


automatically in response to an event such
as insert, update, or delete that occurs in
the associated table

24
Trigger Example

CREATE TRIGGER `upd_film` AFTER UPDATE ON `film`


FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
IF (old.title != new.title) or (old.description !=
new.description)
THEN
UPDATE film_text
SET title=new.title,
description=new.description,
film_id=new.film_id
WHERE film_id=old.film_id;
END IF;
END

25
Trigger

◼ OLD is the row before being updated or


deleted
◼ NEW is the row to insert or update into
the table

26
Advantages of Triggers

 Helps us to automate the data alterations


 Helps us to detect errors on the database
level
 Allows easy auditing of data

27
Disadvantages of Triggers

 Triggers can be difficult to troubleshoot


because they execute automatically in the
database
 Triggers may increase the overhead of the
MySQL server

28
THANKS YOU

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