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    Impact of Jets

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    Brundhan B.A

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Impact of Jets

    Uploaded by

    Brundhan B.A
    3 views3 pages

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    3 views3 pages

    Impact of Jets

    Uploaded by

    Brundhan B.A

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Fluid Mechanics BME403

    IMPACT OF JET ON VANES


    AIM: To determine the force developed by impact of jet on vanes.
    APPARATUS: Impact of jet apparatus.
    THEORY: The study of impact of a jet of water is essential to understand the principle of an
    impulse turbine such as Pelton wheel turbine. When high pressure water from a source such as
    a dam flows through a nozzle in the form of a jet, the entire pressure energy of the water is
    converted into kinetic energy at the nozzle. When this jet of water hits a vane positioned in
    front of it, the vane deflects the jet and due to the change in the momentum of the water jet, a
    force is imparted to the vane by the water.
    PROCEDURE
    Fix the required diameter jet, and the vane of required shape in position, and read zero in the
    force indicator. Keep the delivery valve closed and switch on the pump. Close the front
    transparent cover tightly. Open the delivery valve and adjust the flow rate of water as read on
    the rotameter. Observe the force as indicated on force indicator. Note down the diameter of jet,
    shape of vane, flow rate and force and tabulate the results. Switch-off the pump after the
    experiment is over and close the delivery valve.

    SPECIFICATIONS
    Diameter of the jet, d=8 mm.

    FORMULAE
    1. Hemi-spherical vane, Ft = 2ρAV2 or 2ρQV in Newtons.

    2. Flat plate, Ft = ρAV2 or ρQV in Newtons.

    Where, Ft = Theoretical force acting parallel to the direction of jet, N


    ρ = Density of water = 1000 kg/m3
    A = Area of jet in m2
    V = Velocity of jet in m/s

    3. Discharge, Q = QLPM / (1000 x 60) m3/s

    4. Velocity, V = Q / A m/s
     d2
    Where, A = m2
    4

    5. For inclined plane, force exerted in the direction of jet, 𝐹𝑡 = ρ𝐴𝑉 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 Ɵ
    Force exerted in the direction normal to the plate, 𝐹𝑡 = ρ𝐴𝑉 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛Ɵ

    DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGG. 1


    VEMANA IT
    TABLE OF MEASUREMENTS

    1. HEMI-SPHERICAL VANE

    Discharge Gauge pressure Force indicator


    Sl.
    (LPM) (kg/cm2) reading
    No Diameter of Jet (N)
    . (mm)
    QLPM p Fa
    1
    2
    3
    4

    2. FLAT PLATE

    Discharge Gauge pressure Force indicator


    Sl.
    (LPM) (kg/cm2) reading
    No Diameter of Jet (N)
    . (mm)
    QLPM p Fa
    1
    2
    3
    4

    SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
    Fluid Mechanics BME403

    TABLE OF RESULTS
    1. Diameter of jet, d=8 mm

    Discharge Actual Force Theoretical Force Force


    Sl. Type of vane (m3/s) (N) (N) Coefficient
    No. Q Fa Ft Fa / Ft
    1
    2 Hemispherical
    3
    4
    5 Flat Plate
    6
    7
    8 Inclined Plate
    9

    RESULT:

    CONCLUSION:

    The force coefficient during the impact of fluid on various types of vanes is
    experimentally determined and tabulated.

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