Eim Module 4

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND
MAINTENANCE – EIM
MODULE 4
Electrical Installation & Maintenance
(EIM)
Learning Module 04
Name: _____________________________________
Grade: __________
Track: __________
PERFORM MENSURATIONS & CALCULATIONS

(ELC311201)
Learning Objectives:
1. Select proper measuring instrument according to task
2. Carried out measurement and calculations.
3. Maintained and store instruments.
L.O. 1 Select Measuring Instrument

- Measuring tools and instrument
- The electrician uses the following measuring tools to measure value of voltage,
current and resistance, wire length, opening sizes of wire, conduit and other items.
1. Multi-meter – measuring instrument that measures voltage, current and resistance

1a. Digital multi-meter – a test tool used to measure two or more electrical quantities
display readings in numerical form.
1b. Analogue multi-meter – measures basic electrical properties and uses a moving
pointer to display its value.
Ohmmeter scale
needle pointer
zero-ohm
adjustment
Voltmeter scale knob
zero corrector test prods
direct current volt range

alternating
current volt range
direct current
ammeter
Range selector switch
Parts of a Multi-tester
- Pointer - The needle-shape rod that moves over the scale of a meter.
- Range selector switch - makes it possible to select different function and range of the
meter.
- Adjustment Knob - makes it possible to adjust the pointer to the zero position of the
scale.
- Scale - is a series of marking used for reading the value of quantity.
- Test prod - Positive (red) negative (black) is use to connect the circuit to the electrical
components being tested.
Resistance
Scale – Per Line
0-1 0.2
1-2 0.2
2-5 0.5
5-10 0.5
10-20 1
20-30 2
30-50 2
50-100 5
100-200 20
DC Voltage
Range Scale – Per Line AC Voltage
0.25 DCV 0 - 250 0.005 Range Scale – Per Line
0.5 DCV 0 – 50 0.01 10ACV 0-10 0.2
2.5 DCV 0 – 250 0.05 50ACV 0-50 1
10 DCV 0 – 10 0.2 250ACV 0-250 5
50 DCV 0 – 50 1 1000ACV 0-10 20
250 DCV 0 – 250 5
1000 DCV 0 – 10 20
Example #1
The reading is 35V
The range selector knob is at range of 50ACV, so let’s focus on the 0-50 scale. The counting per
line is 1, so the answer is 35V.
Example #2
The reading is 24,000Ω
The range selector knob is at ohm range which is x1k, so let’s focus on Ohm
scale. The pointer is in between of 20 and 30. The counting per line is 2, so the reading
is 24. Since the range is at x1k, 24 multiplied by 1k is 24k or 24,000 Ω.
L.O. 2 Carry-out measurements & calculations
- Ohm’s Law - the current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely
proportional to resistance
Ohm's Law can be rewritten in three ways for calculating current, resistance, and voltage.
1. If a current I should flow through a resistor R, the voltage V can be calculated.
V=R×I
2. If there is a voltage V across a resistor R, a current I flows through it. I can be calculated.
I=V/R
3. If a current I flows through a resistor, and there is a voltage V across the resistor R can be
calculated.
R=V/I
- Power Triangle - One other point about Power, if the calculated power is positive in
value for any formula the component absorbs the power, but if the calculated power is negative
in value the component produces power, in other words it is a source of electrical energy. Also,
we now know that the unit of power is the WATT but some electrical devices such as electric
motors have a power rating in Horsepower or hp. The relationship between horsepower and
watts is given as: 1hp = 746W.
To find Power (P)
[P = V x I] P (watts) = V (volts) x I (amps)
Also,
[P = V2 ÷ R] P (watts) = V2 (volts) ÷ R (Ω)
Also,
[P = I2 x R] P (watts) = I2 (amps) x R (Ω)
Series Circuit – all components are connected end to end, forming a single path of current flow
The total resistance is additive

RT = R1 + R2 + R3
RT = 3kΩ + 10kΩ + 5k Ω
RT = 18kΩ
Parallel Circuit – all components are connected across each other, forming exactly two sets of
electrically common points
1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

1/RT = 1/10k + 1/2k + 1/1k
1/RT = 0.1k + 0.5k + 1k
1/RT = 1.6k
RT = 1/1.6k
RT = 0.625k Ω or 625 Ω
Sample Problem: Find the current (I) of the given circuit below
Given Total Resistance Ohm’s Law

2Ω V=5 RT = R1 + R2 I = V/R
R = (2Ω) (4Ω) RT = 2 + 4 I = 5/6
I =? RT = 6 I = 0.83 Amperes
P =?
Power Law
4Ω P=IxV
P = 0.83 x 5
P = 4.16 Watts
Resistor - passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a
circuit element.
Example
Solution
st
24(103 ) ± 5% = 24(1000) ± 5%
1 color: Red - 2 = 24000𝛀 ± 𝟓%
2nd color: Yellow - 4
3rd color: Orange - 103 Range:
4th color: Gold - 5% 24000𝛀 ± 𝟓% = 24000𝛀 − 1200𝛀
Therefore, it can be:

22,800 𝛀 or 25,200 𝛀
System of Measurement - a set of units which can be used to specify anything can be
measured. These are common units of measurement used in making layout and installation of
electrical materials:
English System - provides the creative way on how people can measure by themselves.
For example, people measure shorter distance on the ground with their feet. They
measure long distances by their palms which is equal to a yard
1 Foot 12 inches
1 Yard 3 Feet
1 Yard 36 inch
Metric System - a decimalized system of measurement. It exists in several variations

with different choices of base units. Metric units are widely used around the world for
personal, commercial and scientific purpose.
10 millimeter (mm) 1 centimeter (cm)

10 centimeter (cm) 1 decimeter (dm)
10 decimeter 1 meter
English to Metric
1 inch 2.54 cm
1 foot 30.48 cm
1 yard 91.44 cm
Unit of measurement conversion Example 2:

Example 1: 6 feet = ________ inches
12 inches = ________ cm Since
Since 6 feet = 12 inches
12 inches = 2.54 cm 1 feet
1 inch 6 x 12 inches
12 x 2.54 cm 1
1 Therefore: 6 feet = 72 inches
Therefore: 12 inches = 30.48 cm

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ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND

PERFORM MENSURATIONS & CALCULATIONS

L.O. 1 Select Measuring Instrument

1. Multi-meter – measuring instrument that measures voltage, current and resistance

zero corrector test prods

direct current volt range

The reading is 35V

The reading is 24,000Ω

The total resistance is additive

1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

Given Total Resistance Ohm’s Law

Therefore, it can be:

Metric System - a decimalized system of measurement. It exists in several variations

10 millimeter (mm) 1 centimeter (cm)

Unit of measurement conversion Example 2:

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