ELECTRICAL

12
INSTALLATION
AND
MAINTENANCE
Quarter 1

LEARNER’S MATERIAL
1
 Module

TVL Grade 12
1
PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material
Quarter 1 Module 1 WEEK
First Edition, 2020
2

GRADE 12
TVL
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION &
MAINTENANCE

Development Team of the Module

Author: Gerry M. Paragas

Editor:
Reviewer:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:

1
I What I need to know?

The learners will do the walkthrough of the lesson expectations.

The content of the lesson will be presented as follows:

Different types of wiring methods approved in the Philippine condition.
Open wiring on insulator
Knob and tube wiring
Concealed wiring installation
Non-metallic sheathed cable

The learning objectives will be introduced as follows:

1. Define open wiring on insulators

2. Explain the knob and tube wiring
3. Identify the materials used in open wiring on insulators
4. Discuss the Concealed wiring installation
5. Identify the materials used in Concealed wiring installation
6. Differentiate Open wiring on insulators and concealed wiring installation
7. Explain Non metallic sheathed cable wiring

2
 I What is new?

Pre/Diagnostic Test
A. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Use separate answer
sheets.

1. A knob-shaped insulator split into two parts with either or both of the opposing sur
faces notched for wires.
A. Cleats B. Split knob c. Insulated staple D. Mica loom
2. Is formed of two pieces exactly alike, in which the groove is so shaped that it will take a
wire up to 5/16 inch in diameter, and the wires are 2-1/2 inches apart, as
specified in the insurance rules.
A. Insulated staple B. Split knob C. Cleats D. Mica loom
3. This electrical materials were inserted into holes bored in wall studs or floor joists, and
the wires were directed through them.
A. Insulated staple B. Split knob C. Cleats D. Ceramic tube
4. Conductors entered a wiring device such as a lamp or switch, or were pulled into a
wall, they were protected by flexible cloth insulating sleeving .
A. Cleats B. Split knob c. Insulated staple D. Mica loom
5. It is very laborious to install. The layout of this wiring is done under the plaster of
the wall of the building.
A. Open wiring C. Concealed wiring
B. Knob and Tube wiring d. exposed D. Exposed wiring
6. The conductor support for knob and tube wiring on a flat surface should not be less
than ______ ?
A. 30 cm. B. 4 1/2 feet C.4 1/2 meters D. 6 inches
7. It consisted of single-insulated copper conductors run within wall or ceiling cavities,
passing through joist and stud drill-holes via protective porcelain insulating tubes.
A. Open wiring C. Concealed wiring
B. Knob and Tube wiring D. Exposed wiring
8. It is the support used to hold the non-metallic sheathed cable in place.
A. Common nail B. Insulated staple C. Mica loom D. ceramic tube
9. This is used to terminate non metallic sheathed cable to a knock out in dry location box
or enclosure
A. NM sheathed cable adaptor B. Split knob C. electrical tape D. Ceramic tube
10. NM sheathed cable shall e secure in places at intervals not exceeding _______ mm
A. 500 mm B. 1 Meter C. 1,300 mm D. 5 Meters

3
D What I know?

The learners will answer the 10 - Items

Directions: On a separate sheet of paper, write T if the statement Is correct and

F if it is false.

_____ 1. NMC is used in both exposed and concealed work in dry, moist, damp, or cor-
rosive locations.
_____ 2. In Non metallic sheathed cable should be secure by split knobs or similar
Fittings to design and installed as not to damage the cable.
_____ 3. Insulated staple is the support used to hold the TW wire and non-metallic
sheathed cable in place.
_____ 4. Cleat is used to terminate non metallic sheathed cable to a knock out in dry
location box or enclosure.
_____ 5. In Knob and Tube wiring, conductors should be supported within 15 cm. (6
inches) of a connection.
_____ 6. In hollow spaces of walls and ceilings knob and tube wiring is allowed
_____ 7. 600V nominal is allowed in an exposed wiring method.
_____ 8. Split Knob is formed of two pieces exactly alike, in which the groove is so
shaped that it will take a wire up to 5/16 inch in diameter, and the wires
are 2-1/2 inches apart, as specified in the insurance rules.
_____ 9. Changing of location of appliances or switches in concealed wiring is easy.
_____ 10. Concealed most reliable and popular wiring system.

4
 D What is in?

Open Wiring on Insulators

Open Wiring on Insulators. An exposed wiring method using cleats, knobs, tubes,
and flexible tubing for the protection and support of single insulated conductors run in or
on buildings. This method is allowed in system of up to 600V nominal, only for industrial
or agricultural establishment, indoor or outdoor in wet or dry locations, where it is sub-
ject to corrosive vapors and for service purposes It shall not be used however in the fol-
lowing
1. Commercial garages 4. Hoist ways
2. Theaters 5. Hazardous location
3. Motion picture studio
The open wiring on insulators PEC Provisions
Knob-and-tube wiring (sometimes abbreviated K&T) is an early standardized
method of electrical wiring in buildings. It consisted of single-insulated copper conduc-
tors run within wall or ceiling cavities, passing through joist and stud drill-holes via protec-
tive porcelain insulating tubes, and supported along their length on nailed-down porce-
lain knob insulators. Where conductors entered a wiring device such as a lamp or switch,
or were pulled into a wall, they were protected by flexible cloth insulating sleeving
called loom.

Following are PEC requirements on the use of the exposed or open wiring method:
A. Conductors. Only a single conductor should be used and not the cable type.
These must have sufficient strength, insulation and current for which they are
installed. Conductors should be the approved type for the purposed they are
intended
B. Supports. Conductors should not be in contact with any object other than
their insulating support
1. Support for wiring on a flat surface should not be less than 137 cm. (4 1/2 ft.)
apart
2. Conductors should not end at a rosette, lamp holder or receptacle unless the
last support is within 30 cm. or (12 inches)
3. Conductors should be supported within 15 cm. (6 inches) of a connection.
Allowable Uses
The use of knob and tube wiring is allowed only for extensions of existing instal-
lations and elsewhere, only with special permission under the following conditions:
A. in hollow spaces of walls and ceilings
B. in unfinished attics and roof spaces
Some advantages of the knob and tube wiring
1. it is used in temporary installation such as construction jobs
2. It has economical when properly Installed
3. It has a lower operating temperature because of ventilating hence the higher current
carrying capacity of the wire
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D What is in?

Split-knob insulator. : a knob-shaped insulator split into two parts with

either or both of the opposing surfaces notched for wires. Used to sup-
port wires smaller than No. 8

Solid knob are used to support or anchor wires as big as No. 8 or bigger

Ceramic tubes were inserted into holes bored in wall studs or floor joists,
and the wires were directed through them. This kept the wires from
coming into contact with the wood framing members and from being
compressed by the wood as the house settled. Ceramic tubes were
sometimes also used when wires crossed over each other, for protection
in case the upper wire were to break and fall on the lower conductor.

The Cleat is formed of two pieces exactly alike, in which the groove is so
shaped that it will take a wire up to 5/16 inch in diameter, and the wires
are 2-1/2 inches apart, as specified in the insurance rules.
Mica Loom Where conductors entered a wiring device such as a lamp or
switch, or were pulled into a wall, they were protected by flexible
cloth insulating sleeving . It has good dielectric capability and excellent
mechanical strength, and often used as the insulating tube form materi-
al in all kinds of electric equipments, motors, furnaces, electric-arc fur-
naces, other metallurgy industry equipments.
WATCH: https://www.youtube.com/watch?reload=9&v=x8ekfxijhuA

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 D What is in?

INFORMATION SHEET

Concealed wiring is properly named as concealed conduit wiring. It is very laborious

to install. The layout of this wiring is done under the plaster of the wall of the building.
After, with the help of GI wires, the main PVC insulated cables are drawn through the con-
duit
Nonmetallic-sheathed cable
Nonmetallic-sheathed cable is used more often in residential wiring installations
than in any other wiring method. The Philippine Electrical Code permits this cable to be
installed in a building made of combustible material or wooden frame construction. It may
not be used in other types of building construction without permission from the electrical
inspection authorities.

Cable Construction

There are several basic types of non-metallic sheathed cable.

A. Non-metallic cable for dry locations (NM) is used in normal residential cir-
cuits.
Type NM cable shall be permitted as follows:
1. For both exposed and concealed work in normally dry locations
2. To be installed in air voids in masonry block or tile walls

For concealed work, nonmetallic-sheathed cable should be installed for it is pro-

tected from physical damage often caused by nails or screws. For practical reasons, care
should be taken to avoid areas where trim, door and window casings, baseboards, mold-
ings, and so on, are likely to be nailed.

B. Type Nonmetallic cable for wet locations (NMC) is used in farm buildings or
similar structures, where there is usually more moisture. NMS cable can be
buried directly in the earth, provided adequate protection is given to the cable.
Type NMC cable shall be permitted as follows:
1. For both exposed and concealed work in dry, moist, damp, or corrosive loca-
tions.
2. In outside and inside walls of masonry block or tile
3. In a shallow chase in masonry, concrete, or adobe protected against nails or
screws by a steel plate at least 1.59 mm (1/16 in.) thick and covered with
plaster, adobe, or similar finish
Conductor support
Non metallic sheathed cable should be secure by staples, straps or similar Fittings
to design and installed as not to damage the cable. Cable shall be secure in places at in-
tervals not exceeding 1,300 mm and within 300 mm from every cabinet, box or fitting.

7
 D What is in?

Type NMC (corrosion-resistant) cable is required for installation in dairy barns and
similar farm buildings where cable will be exposed to fumes, vapors, or liquids such as
ammonia and barnyard acids. Under such circumstances, ordinary types of nonmetallic-
sheathed cable have in some cases, deteriorated rapidly due to ammonia fumes or the
growth of fungus or mold.

C. Type NMS.
Type NMS cable shall be permitted as Follows
1. For both exposed and concealed work in normally dry locations.
2. To be installed or fished in air voids in masonry block or tile walls.
Types NM, NMC, and NMS cables shall not be permitted as follows:
In any dwelling or structure not specifically permitted above.
Exposed in dropped or suspended ceilings in other than one- and two-family
and multifamily dwellings.
For example, cables installed above a dropped gypsum board ceiling or dropped
gypsum board would not be considered exposed cable, provided the area above the
ceiling is not accessible (does not have removable tiles or does not contain an access
panel). Very often, hung or dropped ceilings are accessible; therefore, cables installed
above these types of ceilings would be considered exposed cables if the cables do not
have additional physical protection.
1. As service-entrance cable
2. In commercial garages having hazardous (classified) locations
3. In theaters and similar locations
4. In motion picture studios
5. In storage battery rooms
6. In hoist ways or on elevators or escalators
7. Embedded in poured cement, concrete, or aggregate
8. In hazardous (classified) locations

Trade Names.
It was first produced by the Rome Wire and Cable Company, which named its new prod-
uct Romex.
This name is still often used in the trades.
Unless otherwise specifically permitted in the electrical code, the overcurrent protection
for conductor types should not exceed the following:
Copper Conductors Aluminum and Copper Clad Conductors
15 amps for #14 AWG, 15 amps for #12 AWG
20 amps for #12 AWG 25 amps for #10 AWG
30 amps for #10 AWG
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D What is in?

Advantages Of Concealed Electrical Wiring System

• It is the safest wiring system of all the ones mentioned above

• It is Aesthetically appealing
• There is no risk of fire or mechanical wear and tear
• There is no risk of damaged cable insulation
• It is safe from humidity, chemical affects and smoke
• There is No risk of shock
• Its most Reliable and popular wiring system
• Do not hamper interior layout as conduits are concealed in wall
• Renovations can be easily performed as old wires can be easily replaced

Disadvantages Of Concealed Electrical Wiring System

• Its expensive when compared to other surface conducting methods
• Its very hard to find any defects in the wiring
• Adding additional conduit in future is cumbersome (Needs wall chiseling and
finishing)
• Changing of location of appliances or switches is difficult
• Installation is difficult as compared to other methods
• Complicated to add/manage additional connection in the future

9
 D What is in?

These specifications are determined after any correction factors for ambient
temperature and number of conductors have been applied. Specific conductor insula-
tion types are determined based on installation environmental factors such as free-air,
dry or damp locations.
Installing Non-metallic Sheathed Cable
A non-metallic (NM) cable is easy to work with and inexpensive, so it is not sur-
prising that it is the most common type of cable used in household wiring
When cutting cable to length, leave yourself an extra foot or two. If you make
a mistake while stripping, you can re-cut the cable and try again.
Lay the cable on a flat work surface such as a small sheet of ply-
wood. Starting 8-10 inches from the end, insert the tip of a utility knife
blade into the center of the cable, pushing just hard enough to cut
through the sheathing.

Slice the sheathing, exerting even pressure. You will feel the tip of
the knife rubbing against the bare ground wire as you slice. With prac-
tice you can cut evenly and quickly without damaging wire insulation.

Pull back the plastic sheathing, as well as the paper that wraps
the wires, exposing 8-12 inches of wire. Snip the sheathing and paper
with side cutters. If you use a utility knife, cut away from the wires to
avoid cutting or nicking the insulation.

Insert the wires into the box. With this type of plastic box, push
the wires through a hole, which has a tab that grabs the cable. Check
that about 1/2 inch of sheathing is visible inside the utility/junction box.
Other types of boxes use other clamping methods.

Wherever possible, staple NM cable firmly to a framing member,

out of reach of nails. Staple cable within 8 inches of the box and every 2-
4 feet along the run of the cable. Check your local building codes.

Insulated staple is the support used to hold the non-metallic

sheathed cable in place .PEC requires that a strap or staple be placed
within 30cm of every box.
Cable supports may be placed as far as 1.5m apart on the runs be-
tween the boxes,
Non-Metallic-Cable-Connector - used to terminate non metallic
sheathed cable to a knock out in dry location box or enclosure
10
D What is it?

Directions: Write the places where NM and NMC and NMS cable are
not allowed to be used. Use separate answer sheet.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Give the advantages of the knob and tube wiring

8.

9.

10.

11
E What is more?

Directions: Match the pictures Column A with the correct name in Column B.
Write your answer in separate sheet

Column A Column B

12
E What I can do?

On your answer sheet, write the word or words being described in each of the follow-
ing statements.

________ 1. It is the support used to hold the non-metallic sheathed cable in place.
________ 2. It is a type of non-metallic sheathed cable that can only be used in dry
and indoor applications.
________ 3. It is a type of non-metallic sheathed cable that can be used in dry, moist,
and corrosive locations
________ 4. It is the required short circuit protection rating for a No. 12 AWG(3.5
mm2) non-metallic sheathed cable.
________ 5. It is the required short circuit protection rating for a No. 10 AWG(5.5
mm2) non-metallic sheathed cable

13
E What else can I do?

Directions: write the steps in installing non-metallic sheathed cable.

Used separate sheet for your answers

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

14
 A What I have learned?

Directions: in a separate sheet.

1. Write 5 Places where Knob and tube wiring is not allowed
2. Draw a pictorial diagram of two bulbs controlled by a 2 single pole switches
Individually using Knob and tube wiring. (20 points)

Criteria 5 4 2 Rating

All drawings are Some of the draw- Most of the draw-

Appearance creative/ artistic. ings are moderately ings are not creative
creative/ artistic. and artistic

Time Manage- Able to finish the Able to finish the Able to finish the
ment activity ahead of activity exact to the activity after the giv-
time. given period. en period

Activity sheet is Activity sheets have Activity sheet is

no marks of any some marks of eras- messy or untidy.
Cleanliness erasures. ures.

No. of drawings Above to the Exact to the pre- Less than ½ to the
prescribed no. of scribed no. of draw- prescribed no. of
drawings ings drawings

TOTAL

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 A What I can achieve?

Post-Test/
A. Multiple choice

A. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Use separate answer sheets.
1. This electrical materials were inserted into holes bored in wall studs or floor joists, and
the wires were directed through them.
A. Ceramic tube C. Split knob
B. Cleats D. Insulated staple
2. Conductors entered a wiring device such as a lamp or switch, or were pulled into a
wall, they were protected by flexible cloth insulating sleeving .
A. Cleats B. Mica loom
B. Insulated staple D. Split knob
3. It is very laborious to install. The layout of this wiring is done under the plaster of
the wall of the building.
A. Open wiring C. Concealed wiring
B. Knob and Tube wiring d. exposed D. Exposed wiring
4. It is the support used to hold the non-metallic sheathed cable in place.
A. Insulated staple C. Common nail
B. Mica loom D. ceramic tube
5. The conductor support for knob an tube wiring on a flat surface should not be less than
______ ?
A. 30 cm. C. 4 1/2 feet
B.4 1/2 meters D. 6 inches
6. It consisted of single-insulated copper conductors run within wall or ceiling cavities,
passing through joist and stud drill-holes via protective porcelain insulating tubes.
A. Open wiring C. Concealed wiring
B. Knob and Tube wiring d. exposed D. Exposed wiring
7. used to terminate non metallic sheathed cable to a knock out in dry location box or
enclosure
A. NM sheathed cable adaptor C. Split knob
B. electrical tape D. Ceramic tube
8. NM sheathed cable shall e secure in places at intervals not exceeding _______ mm
A. 500 mm C. 1 Meter
B. 1,300 mm D. 5 Meters

16
 A What I can achieve?

9. A knob-shaped insulator split into two parts with either or both of the opposing sur-
faces notched for wires.
A. Cleats C. Insulated staple
B. Split knob D. Mica loom
10. Is formed of two pieces exactly alike, in which the groove is so shaped that it will take
a wire up to 5/16 inch in diameter, and the wires are 2-1/2 inches apart, as speci-
fied in the insurance rules.
A. Insulated staple C. Split knob
B. Cleats D. Mica loom

B. 1dentify the following pictures of electrical materials.

17
 Answer

What is new? What I know? What is more?

1. B 6. C 1. T 6. T 1. D 6. F
2. C 7. B 2. F 7. T 2. A 7. G
3. D 8. A 3. F 8. T 3. C 8. H
4. D 9. A 4. F 9. F 4. B
5. C 10. C 5. T 10. T 5. E

What is it? In any order

Places where NM and NMC and NMS cable are not allowed
1. As service-entrance cable
2. In commercial garages having hazardous (classified) locations
3. In theaters and similar locations
4. In motion picture studios
5. In storage battery rooms
6. In hoist ways or on elevators or escalators
7. Embedded in poured cement, concrete, or aggregate
8. In hazardous (classified) locations

Advantages of the knob and tube wiring

8. It is used in temporary installation such as construction jobs
9. It has economical when properly Installed
10. It has a lower operating temperature because of ventilating hence the
higher current carrying capacity of the wire

What else can I do?

1. Insulated staple
2. Type NM cable
3. Type NMC cable
4. 20 amps
5. 25 amps

18
 Answer

What else can I do?

1. Starting 8-10 inches from the end, insert the tip of a utility knife blade into the center
of the cable, pushing just hard enough to cut through the sheathing.
2. Slice the sheathing, exerting even pressure.
3. Pull back the plastic sheathing, as well as the paper that wraps the wires, exposing 8-12
inches of wire. Snip the sheathing and paper with side cutters.
4. Insert the wires into the box. With this type of plastic box, push the wires through a
hole, which has a tab that grabs the cable.
5. Staple NM cable firmly to a framing member, out of reach of nails.

What I have learned?

1. Commercial garages 4. Hoist ways
2. Theaters 5. Hazardous location
3. Motion picture studio

Pictorial diagram of two bulbs controlled by a 2 single pole switches Individually.

(10 points)

What I can achieve?

A. Multiple choice B. Identification

1. A 6. B 11. Split knob
2. B 7. A 12. Non metallic sheathed cable
3. C 8. C 13. Non metallic sheathed cable adaptor
4. A 9. C 14. Insulated staple
5. B 10. C 15. Cleat

19
 Reference

TVL Industrial Arts Electrical Installation and Maintenance Module 1 Learner’s Mate-
rial:
TVL Industrial Arts Electrical Installation and Maintenance Module 2 Learner’s Mate-
rial:
Effective Technology and Home Economics Series III by Efren Azares and Cirilo B. Re-
caña
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knob-and-tube_wiring#/media/File:Knob-and-
tubes.jpg
https://inspectapedia.com/electric/Knob_and_Tube_Wiring.php
http://knobandtubewiring.com/gallery/
https://shopee.ph/Mica-tube-sold-per-meter-i.60918744.6215718935
https://www.kmart.com/gb-reg-electrical-staple-insulated-wire-1-2inch/p-
SPM6176494001

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