Group 1

abstract a summary of a longer piece of writing, or an idea that is not concrete and is based on general concepts

acknowledge to accept that something is true or exists, or to show appreciation or recognition

acquire to get or gain something, often through learning or experience

aggregate a total amount or value made up of smaller parts added together

alternative a different choice or option that can be used instead of something else

analyze to carefully study something in order to understand it better

assessment the act of evaluating or judging the quality, importance, or value of something

assumption a belief or idea that you accept as true without proof or evidence

bias a preference or opinion that unfairly affects a person's judgment or decision-making

comprehensive including all or almost all the necessary details or parts of something

contradict to say the opposite of what someone else has said, or to show that a statement is not true

criteria a set of rules or standards that are used to judge or make decisions about something

deduce to reach a conclusion or decision based on available information or reasoning

demonstrate to show or prove something clearly by giving evidence or examples

empirical based on actual experience or observation, rather than on theory or logic

hypothesis an idea or explanation that is based on limited information and needs to be tested or investigated

implication a possible effect or result of something, often not clearly stated or considered

justify to provide a good reason or explanation for something, or to show that it is right or reasonable

manipulate to control or influence something or someone in a skillful way, often for personal gain

objective based on facts and not influenced by personal feelings or opinions

phenomenon a fact or event that is unusual, interesting, or difficult to understand or explain

precede to come or happen before something else in time, order, or importance

rationale the underlying reason or explanation for a decision, belief, or action

relevant closely connected or appropriate to the matter being considered or discussed

scope the range of things that a subject, activity, or situation includes or deals with

subjective based on personal feelings, opinions, or experiences, rather than on facts or evidence

synthesis the process of combining different ideas, pieces of information, or elements to form a new and complete
whole

validity the quality of being logically or factually sound, or the extent to which something is true and can be
believed

variable something that can change or be different in different situations

verify to check or prove that something is true, accurate, or correct

Group 2

adaptation a change or adjustment to fit new conditions or needs

capacity the maximum amount that something can hold or contain

cease to stop happening or continuing

commence to begin or start something

concurrent happening or existing at the same time

controversy a disagreement or argument about an important issue

decline to gradually become less, worse, or lower

diminish to become smaller, weaker, or less important

discrepancy a difference between two things that should be the same

diverse consisting of many different kinds or types

elaborate containing many details or complicated parts

enhance to improve or make something better

ensure to make certain that something will happen or be done

equivalent having the same value, importance, or effect as something else

fluctuate to change often or irregularly, especially in amount or level

fundamental relating to the basic or most important part of something

incentive something that encourages or motivates a person to do something

inevitably certain to happen and impossible to avoid

inherent existing as a natural part of something or someone

innovation a new idea, method, or invention that brings improvements

integrate to combine two or more things so that they work together effectively

obtain to get or gain something, often through effort or a process

perspective a particular way of thinking about or understanding something

prevalent commonly occurring or widely accepted in a particular place or at a particular time

priority something that is considered more important than other things and should be dealt with first

resolve to find a solution to a problem or disagreement

subsequent coming or happening after something else in time or order

sustain to keep something going or maintain it at the same level

transition a change from one state, condition, or situation to another

undermine to weaken or damage something, often gradually or indirectly

Group 3

ambiguous having more than one possible meaning, which can cause confusion

arbitrary based on personal preference or random choice, rather than reason or logic

collaborate based on personal preference or random choice, rather than reason or logic

concise expressing information clearly and briefly, using few words

comply to follow rules, instructions, or requests

depict to represent or show something through images or words

differentiate to recognize or show the differences between things or people

dispose to get rid of something or throw it away

disperse to spread or scatter over a wide area

ethical relating to moral principles or accepted rules of right and wrong behavior

exceed to go beyond a limit or standard

exhibit to display or show something, such as artwork or information

exploit to take advantage of something or someone, often unfairly

feasible possible to do or achieve; realistic or practical

hierarchical organized in levels of importance or authority

impose to force someone to accept or deal with something

inclination a preference or tendency to feel, think, or act in a certain way

infrastructure the basic systems and structures that a country or organization needs to function properly

intervene to become involved in a situation to improve or change it

modify to change or alter something, often to improve it

negligible so small or unimportant that it can be ignored or not worth considering

persist to continue to do or try something, even when it is difficult or others oppose it

reinforce to make something stronger or more effective, often by adding support or additional resources

revise to make changes or improvements to something, such as a document or plan

scrutiny careful examination or close observation of something

solely only or exclusively, with no other factors or people involved

stance a person's opinion, attitude, or position on a particular issue

trivial of little importance or value

underestimate to think that something is smaller, weaker, or less important than it really is

widespread covering a large area or affecting many people or things

Group 4

adjacent next to or near something

advocate to support or argue in favor of a cause, idea, or person

amend to make changes to something in order to improve or correct it

analogy a comparison between two things to show how they are similar in some way

apparatus a set of equipment or tools used for a specific purpose

attribute a characteristic or quality that belongs to a person or thing

bolster to support or strengthen something

burgeon to grow or develop rapidly

clarify to make something easier to understand by explaining it more clearly

coherent clear and easy to understand, with all parts logically connected

comprise to include or consist of something

consensus a general agreement among a group of people

contend to argue or compete in order to achieve something

convene to gather together people or a group for a meeting or event

deter to discourage or prevent someone from doing something

demographic relating to the study of populations, especially their size and characteristics

displace to move or force something or someone out of its usual place or position

emit to send out or release something, such as light, heat, or sound

encompass to include or cover a wide range of things

erroneous incorrect or based on false information

facilitate to make something easier or less difficult to do

foster to encourage or help the growth or development of something

inhibit to prevent or slow down the growth, development, or action of something

insulate to protect something from outside influences, such as heat, cold, or noise

magnitude the size, extent, or importance of something

mundane ordinary, common, or not interesting

notion an idea, belief, or understanding about something

paradigm a model or example that serves as a pattern for understanding a concept or theory

rectify to correct or fix something that is wrong or faulty

suppress to stop or prevent something from happening or being seen, often by force
Group 5

aesthetic related to beauty or the appreciation of beauty

apply use something, like knowledge or a method, to a particular situation

approach a way of doing something

basic simple and fundamental; forming the base or starting point

boundary a limit or border that separates one area, region, or thing from another

category a group of things that share similar characteristics

concept an idea or mental image of something

consider think about something carefully in order to make a decision or form an opinion

constant happening continuously without change

constrain restrict or limit someone or something

contain hold or have within; control or keep something from spreading

demand ask for something forcefully; a strong need or desire for something

deteriorate become worse in quality or condition over time

distribute give out or share something among a group of people

engaged actively involved or busy with something

exaggerate describe something as larger, better, or worse than it really is

function the purpose or role something has, or the way it works

incidental minor or less important; happening as a result of something else

intend plan or mean to do something

obstruct block or make it difficult for something to happen or someone to move

overcome successfully deal with or gain control over a problem or difficulty

pertain be related or connected to something

primary main or most important

property a quality or characteristic that belongs to something

relatively in comparison to others or to something else

sensitive easily affected by or responsive to things, like emotions or physical stimuli

significant important or large enough to be noticed or have an effect

stable not likely to change, fall, or break; steady

universal applying to all people or things in a group or category

various different or diverse; more than one kind or type

Group 6

appropriate suitable or proper for a particular situation

aspect a part or feature of something

authority the power to make decisions or control people and things

circumstances the conditions or facts affecting a situation or event

consent permission or agreement given by someone

consequence a result or effect of an action or decision

considerable large in amount, size, or degree

consistent always acting or behaving in the same way

context the situation or background in which something happens or exists

coordinate to organize or make different things work together

core the most important or central part of something

distinct clearly different or separate from other things

dominant having more power or control than others

establish to create or set up something that is meant to last

evaluate to carefully consider something to form an opinion or judgment

framework a basic structure that supports or guides the development of something

imply to suggest or express something without saying it directly

indicate to show or point out something

interpret to explain or understand the meaning of something

involved difficult to understand; complex

legislation laws or a set of laws made by a government

maintain to keep something in a certain condition or continue doing something; to say an opinion

perceive to see or understand something in a certain way

potential the possibility for something to happen or develop in the future

range a variety or selection of different things

regulate to control something by making rules or laws

restrict to limit or control the size, amount, or range of something

seek to try to find or obtain something

specific particular or clearly defined

sufficient enough in quantity or quality for a particular purpose

Group 7

accumulate to gather or collect something gradually over time

alleviate to make something less severe or difficult

anticipate to expect or predict something that will happen in the future

articulate to express something clearly in words

assert to state something confidently and forcefully

cohesion the state of being connected or united

compile to collect and organize information from various sources

compromise to find a middle way between two positions; to weaken or damage

conduct to manage or organize an activity

conform to behave according to the rules, standards, or expectations of a group

credibility the quality of being believable or trustworthy

crucial extremely important or necessary

degrade to cause something to become worse in quality or value

discord a lack of agreement or harmony between people or things

dispute a disagreement or argument about something important

elucidate a disagreement or argument about something important

emulate to try to be as good as or better than someone or something else

endorse to publicly support or approve of something

essential extremely important and necessary

exemplify to be a very good example of something

fidelity the quality of being loyal and faithful

genuine real, true, or sincere

implement to put a plan or decision into effect

initial happening at the beginning or first stage of something

juxtapose to place things close together or side by side for comparison or contrast

pinnacle the highest point or level of achievement

persistent continuing to do something despite difficulties or opposition

plausible seeming reasonable or probable; believable

reconcile to restore a relationship or bring two opposing things into agreement

valid based on sound reasoning or evidence; acceptable or correct

Group 8

alter to change or modify something

annual happening once every year

beneficial helpful or advantageous; producing good results or effects

cite to mention or refer to something as evidence or an example

component a part or element of a larger whole

converse to have a conversation or talk with someone

convey to communicate or express something, such as information or feelings

denote to indicate or represent something, often with a specific meaning or symbol

devote to give your time, energy, or attention to something

duration the length of time that something lasts or continues

eligible having the right or being qualified to do or receive something

emphasize to give special importance or attention to something

enable to make it possible for someone or something to do something

encounter to meet or come across someone or something unexpectedly

enforce to make sure that a rule or law is obeyed

exclude to prevent someone or something from being part of a group or activity

expand to become larger in size, number, or amount, or to make something larger

explicit clearly and directly stated or explained

external relating to the outside or outer part of something

flexible able to change or adapt easily to new situations or conditions

generate to produce or create something, often as a result of a particular process

implicit suggested or understood without being directly stated

incorporate to include or combine something as part of a larger whole

index a list or record of items, often arranged in alphabetical order, that helps you find information

insight a deep understanding of a person, thing, or situation

intrinsic belonging naturally; being an essential part of something

isolate to separate someone or something from others

merge to combine or join together two or more things into a single entity

mutual shared or experienced by two or more people or groups

ongoing continuing to happen or develop; not yet finished

Group 9

accelerate to speed up or increase the speed of something

accompany to go with someone or to be provided or exist at the same time as something

advent the arrival or beginning of something important or impressive

arid a description for a place that is very dry and receives little rainfall

assemble to bring or gather things together into a single group or place

construct to build or make something by putting parts together

contribute to give something, like money or time, to help achieve or provide something

cultivate to prepare and use land for growing plants or crops; or to develop a skill or quality

doubt to not be certain or confident about something or to think that something is not likely

endanger to put someone or something at risk or in danger

erosion the process by which wind, water, or other natural agents gradually wear away soil, rock, or land

evolution the process of change and development over time, often used to refer to natural or biological
changes in plants and animals over generations

expose to make something visible or known, often something that was previously hidden or secret

extinct no longer in existence; specifically used to refer to a species of plant or animal that has no living
members

fertile able to produce abundant vegetation or crops; in the context of animals or humans, it refers to
the ability to conceive offspring

format the way in which something is arranged or set out

marine related to the sea or sea transport

necessitate to make something necessary or unavoidable

prevent to stop something from happening or someone from doing something

progressive happening or developing gradually over time

rare not common or frequent; very unusual

recover to get back or regain something lost or taken away; to return to a normal state of health, mind, or
strength

regular happening or done frequently or at uniform intervals

reliance dependence on or trust in someone or something

reproduce to produce again; in biology, it refers to the process by which plants and animals produce
offspring

retain to keep or continue to have something

substance a particular type of solid, liquid, or gas

successive following one after the other in a sequence

susceptible likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing

tremendous very great in amount, scale, or intensity

Group 10

absorb to take in information, ideas, or substances

adjust to change something slightly

adopt to take up or start to use something new

advise to give someone suggestions about the best course of action

aggression behavior intended to harm or upset, or forceful action

assist to help someone with a task

cognitive related to thinking or conscious mental activities

delicate something that is easily broken or damaged

devoid completely without something

emerge to come into view, become known or apparent

excess an amount that is more than necessary, permitted, or desirable

extensive large in amount or size

gratify to give pleasure or satisfaction to someone

impressive causing admiration because of an object's size, quality, or skill

irrigation the supply of water to land or crops to help growth

legitimate acceptable according to the law or rules

limited not very much, or not very many

puzzle to make someone feel confused

readily quickly and easily

region a particular area or part of the world, or any of the large official areas into which a country is
divided

reject to refuse to accept or agree with something

repress to control or keep down by force

reverse to change something to its opposite

rigorous careful and thorough

severe very bad or serious

threaten in danger of being harmed or lost

trigger to cause something to start

ultimate final or most important

vast extremely big

vegetation plants in general, or plants that are found in a particular area

Group 11

ability the skill or power to do something

advantageous providing a benefit or leading to a better situation

agitate to disturb, upset, or excite someone or something

compact small but arranged in a way that uses space effectively

conflict a serious disagreement or argument, often over a long period

critical very important, or expressing disapproval or judgments about things

detect to notice or discover something, often something that is not easy to see, hear, etc.

direct straight ahead or straight to a place; without turning or stopping

discard to throw away or get rid of something that is no longer useful or needed

extreme very great in degree, very severe, or far from the center or middle

form the shape or visible structure of something

impart to give information, knowledge, wisdom, etc., to someone

income the money that you earn from working or making investments

maximize to make something as great in amount or importance as possible

minimize to reduce something, especially something bad, to the lowest possible level

modern relating to the present time or recent times as opposed to the remote past

narrow having a small distance from one side to the other, not wide

productive producing or able to produce large amounts of goods, crops, or other commodities

refuse to say that you will not do or accept something

resistance the refusal to accept or comply with something

responsible having a duty to deal with something or having control over someone

shift to move or cause to move from one place to another, especially over a small distance

simplify to make something less complicated and therefore easier to understand or do

status the official position of a person or thing at a particular time

steady not moving or changing suddenly, stable

strict demanding that rules, especially rules of behavior, should be obeyed

symbolic representing something else, especially an idea or quality

unite to join together as a group, or to make people join together as a group

valuable worth a lot of money, or means a lot to someone

visible able to be seen

Group 12

accustomed to being familiar with something and accepting it as normal

capable having the ability, strength, or skill to do something well

commerce the activity of buying and selling goods and services

crisis a difficult or dangerous situation that needs serious attention

declare to say something in a clear and definite way

detract to take away a part of the value, importance, or quality of something

disciplined showing a controlled form of behavior or way of working

disrupt to cause problems that interrupt an event, activity, or process

effort the physical or mental energy used to do something

elegant attractive and showing a good sense of style

encourage to give someone confidence or hope

exact completely correct or accurate

gap a space or opening between two things

ideal perfect or excellent

impact the strong effect or influence that something has on a person or situation

instinctual related to behaviors that are natural and automatic, not learned

intense very strong; very great

measure to find out the size, length, or amount of something

obvious easy to see, recognize, or understand

occupation a job or profession

origin the point or place where something begins or is created

peak the highest point or level

quality how good or bad something is

reduce to make something smaller in size, amount, number, etc.

reveal to make known something that was previously secret or unseen

satisfy to fulfill a desire or need

scarce not enough for what is needed; not plentiful or abundant

sense a feeling about something

speculate to form an opinion or make a guess about something

virtue a good moral quality in a person, or the general quality of being morally good.
Group 13

active doing things, not just sitting and waiting, often involving physical movement

balance a state where different things occur in equal or proper amounts or importance

civilization a society with a high level of culture, science, industry, and government

competitive trying very hard to be better than others

conditions the state something is in, the circumstances affecting the way in which people live or work

continuous happening without stopping, or happening repeatedly without gaps or pauses

depend on to need something or someone in order to survive or to achieve something

desire a strong wish to have or do something

disproportionate not in correct relation or balance with something else

divide to separate into parts or groups, or to make something do this

enlarge to make something bigger, or become bigger

humanitarian related to improving people's lives and reducing suffering

immediate happening or done without delay or very soon after something else

independent not influenced or controlled by others, capable of thinking or acting for oneself

lack not having enough of something or any at all

momentum the force that keeps an object moving or keeps an event developing after it has started

obedient willing to do what someone tells you to do or to follow a law, rule, etc.

opportunity a situation in which it is possible for you to do something that you want to do

oppose to disagree with something or someone, often by speaking or fighting against it, him, or her

performance how well a person, machine, etc. does a piece of work or an activity

philosophy the study of the nature and meaning of the universe and of human life

reform to make an improvement, especially by changing a policy or system

resemble to look like or be similar to another person or thing

social relating to activities in which you meet and spend time with other people

sophisticated having a good understanding of the world and experiences; complex or intricate

stimulate to encourage something such as an activity or a process so that brain activity or progress
increases

supervise to watch a person or activity to make certain that everything is done correctly, safely, etc.

tactic a planned way of doing something

tend to regularly or frequently behave in a particular way or have a certain characteristic

upset to make someone worried, unhappy, or angry

Group 14

absence the state of being away or not present

agent a person or thing that takes an active role or produces a certain effect

appeal to to ask for something urgently; be attractive or interesting

bond a strong connection or relationship between people or things

collapse to fall down or inward suddenly; to fail completely

complex composed of many interconnected parts; not simple

counteract to act against something in order to reduce its effect

eager very excited and interested to do or to have something

efficient doing something in a way that saves time and energy

envision to picture something in your mind

factor something that helps produce or influence a result

feature an important part or characteristic of something

finance management of money, particularly in relation to companies, organizations, or governments

gradually slowly over a period of time

guarantee a promise that something will happen or that something is true

liberty the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's
behavior or political views

mechanism a natural or established process by which something takes place or is brought about

moral concerning what is right and wrong in behavior

motion the action or process of moving or being moved

occur to happen or take place

prolong to make something last longer

promote to help something happen, develop, or increase

resent to feel bitterness or indignation at (a circumstance, act, or person)

role the function or part played in a particular situation or process

series a number of similar or related events or things, one following another

specialized designed for a particular purpose or activity

standing the current position or reputation of someone or something in relation to others

transform to make a marked change in the form, nature, or appearance of

transparent clear enough to see through; easy to understand or recognize

welfare the health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group.

Group 15

altitude how high something is above the ground or above sea level

artificial made by humans, not natural

causal relating to the cause of something

characterize to describe the qualities or features of something or someone

compare to examine two or more things to see how they are similar or different

contrast to show how two or more things are different

damage harm or injury that makes something less useful or valuable

dwell to live in a place

dynamic always changing or moving, not static

express to say or show what you think or feel

favor to prefer something or someone over others

feedback advice or criticism given to someone to help them improve

fine very small or thin, or very good or well

fragment a small part that has broken off or separated from something

hidden not able to be seen, not visible

interact to communicate with or react to someone or something

judge to form an opinion about someone or something based on evidence or facts

particular specific or special, or relating to one person or thing

penetrate to go into or through something

portray to represent or describe someone or something in a certain way

principal most important, or the person in charge of a school

process a series of actions or steps taken to achieve a result

quantity the amount or number of something

reflect to show an image of something as if in a mirror, or to think deeply

remains what is left after other parts have been taken away, or a dead body

sacrifice to give up something valuable for something else considered more important

segment a part of something that is separate from the other parts

subjected to forced to experience or endure something

tendency a likelihood to behave in a certain way

transmit to send or pass something from one place or person to another

Group 16

alienate to make someone feel like they are different or separate

argue to give reasons for or against something; to try to make someone agree with you

climate the usual weather conditions in a particular place

coastal related to the area where the land meets the sea

collide to hit something or each other with strong force

concur to agree with someone or something

destroy to damage something so badly that it cannot be used

force strength or energy that makes something happen or move

fracture a break or crack in something hard like bone or rock

hostile not friendly; having or showing dislike or opposition

influence the power to change or affect someone or something

internal related to the inside of something

landscape a large area of land that you can see all at once, often in a picture

method a way of doing something

negative not positive or helpful; involving bad or harmful things

particle a very small piece of something

permanent lasting for a long time or for all time in the future

permitted to allowed to do something

pleasant enjoyable or attractive, making you feel happy

positive good or useful; thinking about the good things rather than bad things

present existing or happening now

raise to move or lift something to a higher position

rate the speed at which something happens over a particular period of time

regard to consider or think about something in a particular way

relic an object, tradition, or system from the past that continues to exist

signal a sign or piece of information that tells what something is like or what might happen

suggest to say that something might be true or that something should be done

tension a feeling of nervousness that makes you unable to relax

uniform the same; not changing or different in any way

unusual not common or ordinary; different from what is expected or normal.

Group 17

accurate correct and precise

applicable relevant or appropriate in a given situation

available ready for use or able to be used

connect to join or link things together

content what is inside or included in something; happy or satisfied

current happening or existing now; movement of sea water

exceptional unusually good or outstanding

exist to be or live; to be present

extract to remove or take out, especially by effort or force

fastidious very attentive to detail; hard to please

fulfill to carry out or achieve what was expected, promised, or desired

huge very big in size or amount

illuminating providing insight, knowledge, or spiritual illumination

illusory not real and based on illusion

input what is put in, taken in, or operated on by any process or system

matter a subject or situation under consideration; also, a physical substance

occasional happening or appearing from time to time

output the amount of something produced by a person, machine, or industry

partial existing only in part; incomplete; biased toward something

pattern a repeated decorative design or a regular and intelligible form or sequence discernible in the way
in which something happens or is done

period a length of time in history or a person's life; also, punctuation mark (.) used at the end of a
sentence

prefer to like one thing or person better than another; to choose something as more desirable

preparation the action or process of making something ready for use or action

recognition the action of recognizing or the process of being recognized, for instance in terms of one's
achievements

require to need something

resource a supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets that can be drawn on by a person or
organization in order to function effectively

separate to set or keep apart; not together

sequence a particular order in which related things follow each other

signify to be an indication of; to mean

sparse - thinly scattered or distributed

- inadequate supply
Group 18

abundant having a lot of something

affect to influence or cause a change

appearance the way something or someone looks

associated connected to or related to

attract to draw someone or something closer

conceal to hide something

correlate to have a mutual relationship or connection

definite clearly stated or decided

derive to get or obtain something from a source

devise to plan or invent a complex procedure

diet the food and drink a person or animal regularly consumes

distinguish to recognize or treat as different

element a basic or essential part of something

expect to think that something will probably or certainly happen

extend to make longer in space or time

formal following rules or customary procedure

fuel to provide power or energy to something; to sustain or stimulate

heighten to make higher or more intense

illustrate to make clear by using examples or pictures

intermediate between two extremes, in the middle

mass a large amount of something

mere used to emphasize how small or insignificant something is

migrate to move from one place to another, often seasonally

misleading giving the wrong idea or impression

natural existing in or caused by nature

nutrition the process by which organisms take in and utilize food material

react to to act in response to something

structure the arrangement of parts in a system or object

technical related to a particular subject, art, or craft, or its techniques

wear to use something over a period of time, causing it to deteriorate or become damaged
Group 19

abandon to leave or give up completely

abolish to officially end or stop something, especially a law or system

adhere to to stick to or follow closely (a plan, rules, etc.)

allocate to set aside or distribute for a specific purpose

ancient very old or from a long time ago

consecutive following one after another in order

conservative resistant to change or preferring traditional values

discount to disregard or ignore something

distort to twist or change information so it's no longer accurate or true

drawback a disadvantage or problem that makes something less desirable

enormous extremely large

flaw a mistake, weakness, or problem that makes something less perfect

fragile easily broken or damaged

generalize to make a broad statement or conclusion based on specific cases

highlight to emphasize or make more noticeable

ignorant not having knowledge about something

neglect to fail to care for or give attention to

object to to disagree with or oppose something

overlook to fail to notice or consider something

parallel similar to; alike

persuasive able to convince someone to believe or do something

plausible believable or likely to be true

precise exact and accurate

propose to suggest a plan or idea for consideration

scatter to throw or spread things in different directions

settle to make a place your home, or to resolve a disagreement or issue

simultaneous happening at the same time

sincere honest and showing true feelings

thrive to grow, develop, or be successful

vulnerable able to be easily hurt or harmed physically, mentally, or emotionally

Group 20

consult to seek advice or information from someone

counterpart a person or thing that has the same purpose as another one in a different place or organization

deliberate (a) done consciously and intentionally; (v) think carefully or discuss

diverge to go in different directions from a common point

dormant not active or not in use at the present time but able to become active

embrace to accept an idea, a proposal, a set of beliefs, etc., especially when it is done with enthusiasm

encroach to gradually move or go into an area that is beyond the usual or desired limits

endure to suffer something difficult, unpleasant, or painful

erratic not happening at regular times; not following any plan or regular pattern

foul (a) unpleasant, especially because of a lack of cleanliness; (v) to spoil

hazardous risky; dangerous

hospitable friendly and welcoming to visitors or guests

impetus something that makes a process or activity happen or happen more quickly

indefinite not clear or defined

initiate to make something begin

instigate to make something start or happen, usually something official

integral necessary and important as a part of a whole

marked clear and noticeable

meticulous very careful and with great attention to every detail

paradox a statement or situation that may be true but seems impossible or difficult to understand because
it contains two opposite facts or characteristics

persevere to continue trying to do something despite difficulties

pinpoint to find out or say the exact position in space or time of something

proliferate to increase rapidly in numbers

promptly quickly, without delay, or at the arranged time

random done, chosen, etc. without you knowing what will happen, or without any plan or system

reluctant not willing to do something and therefore slow to do it

striking interesting and unusual enough to attract attention

tempt to make someone want to have or do something, especially something that is unnecessary or
wrong

unprecedented having never happened, been done or been known before

virtually almost or very nearly, so that any slight difference is not important.
Group 21

apparent easy to see or understand; clear to anyone

appreciate to recognize the value of something

complementary something that completes or goes well with something else

compose to create or write, like a song, poem, or letter

conceive to think of or come up with a new idea or plan

critique to give your opinion about the good and bad parts of something

debatable able to be argued about; controversial

dedicated very committed or loyal to something or someone

deficient not having enough of something

depart to leave a place, usually to go somewhere else

deviate to change from the usual or expected way

diligent hard-working and careful

drastic very big and noticeable

edit to make changes to something written, often to improve it

elicit to get a reaction, answer, or information from someone

endow to give someone or something a quality, talent, or asset

ensue to happen after something else, usually as a result of it

evident clear to the mind or senses; easy to see or understand

exert to use a lot of physical or mental energy to do something

induce to cause something to happen

inferior not as good as something else; lower in quality or value

inspect to look at something carefully to check it

interrupt to stop someone from talking or something from happening

investigate to carefully examine the facts to discover the truth

mobile able to move or be moved easily

preliminary happening before a more important action or event

qualitative related to the quality or character of something rather than its quantity

quantify to measure or express the amount of something

repetitive doing the same thing again and again; not changing

superior better than other things; of higher quality or value

Group 22

anomaly something that is different from what is normal or expected

brief short in time, duration, or length

conclude to give an opinion based on observation or evidence

confer to discuss something with others to make a decision

consolidate to bring together separate parts into a single, unified whole

discrete separate and different from each other

discriminate to treat a person or group differently based on their race, religion, etc.; to differentiate

disseminate to spread or give out something, especially news, information, ideas, etc., to a lot of people

domain an area of activity, knowledge, or interest

excerpt a short part taken from a book, movie, speech, etc.

indiscriminate done randomly without thinking; unplanned

infer to form an opinion or guess that something is true because of the information you have

orient to direct or position towards a particular point

passive accepting or allowing what happens without active response or resistance

phase a period or stage in a process of change or development

practical related to real situations and events rather than ideas, and can be used in real situations

pragmatic dealing with things in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations

predict to say that something will happen in the future

predominant more noticeable or important, or larger in number, than others

prohibit to not allow; to stop something from being done

protocol a system of rules that explain the correct conduct and procedures to be followed in formal
situations

pursue to follow or chase something with the aim of catching or achieving it

ratio a relationship between two amounts, showing the number of times one value contains or is
contained within the other

sector a part of an area of activity, especially of business, industry, or trade

statistics a collection of numerical data

strategic related to the process of planning to achieve a goal

summarize to tell the main points of something in a short and clear form

survey (v) to ask people their opinions regarding a topic; (n) a scientific study

trend a general direction in which something is developing or changing

utilize to use something in an effective way

Group 23

apprehensive worried or fearful about what might happen

ascertain to find out something for certain

autonomy the ability to make your own decisions; freedom

category a group of people or things that are similar in some way

contrived planned or created, but seeming false and not natural

conundrum a difficult problem, one that is hard to deal with

converge to move towards one point from different directions

descriptive giving details about how something looks, sounds, etc.

dichotomy a division into two groups that are entirely different

disparage to say negative things about someone or something

empathetic being able to understand other people's feelings

evoke to bring a feeling, memory or image into mind

fallacy a false idea or belief

formulate to create, invent, or produce something by careful thought and effort

fruitful producing good or useful results

immerse to become completely involved in an activity

innate something you are born with, not learned

presume to think that something is true, even though you are not certain

prior happening or existing before a particular event or time

prospect the possibility that something will happen in the future

publish to prepare and print a book, magazine, piece of music, etc., so that people can buy it

regime a particular government or a system or method of government

rigid not able to be changed or adapted

scenario a description of possible actions or events in the future

substitute a person or thing that takes the place of someone or something else

supplement to add to something

tangible real and not imaginary; able to be shown, touched, or experienced

theorize to form an idea or theory about something, even though the details are not known or certain

transient not lasting long or staying in one place for a long time

volume the amount or quantity of something

Group 24

adept very skilled or good at something

ambivalent having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone

amplify to make something larger, louder, or more important

commensurate equal or similar to something in size, amount, or degree

concede to admit that something is true

conjecture a guess about something based on how it seems and not on proof

contemplate to think carefully about something for a long time

doctrine a set of ideas or beliefs that are taught or believed to be true

exemplary serving as a desirable model, representing the best of its kind

extrapolate to guess or think about what might happen using information that is already known

imperative extremely important or necessary

incite to encourage or stir up violent or unlawful behavior

inclusive containing all the services or features that are needed

mitigate to make something less severe, harmful, or damaging

parameter a factor, guideline, criterion, or framework of/for something

physiological related to the way in which the bodies of living things work

posit to suggest something as a basic fact or principle from which a further idea is formed or developed

principle a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior

procedure a fixed way of doing things

prolific producing a lot of something

psychological related to the human mind and feelings

redundant not needed because something else does the same job

section a part of something larger

simulate to create conditions or events that resemble reality, often for study or training purposes

task a piece of work to be done

technique a particular way of doing something

underlying used to identify the idea, cause, problem, etc., that forms the basis of something

unify to join together to form one group

viable capable of working or being successful

visual related to seeing or to the eyes

Group 25

accommodate to make room for something or someone, or to adjust to fit a need or condition

append to add something at the end of a document or piece of writing

compatible able to exist or work together without problems

compensate to make up for something that is missing or not enough; to pay money for a service

confine to keep something or someone within limits; to restrict

contract to get smaller

convert to change something into a different form or so it can be used in a different way

debate to express an opinion with someone who often holds the opposite opinion

define to explain the meaning of a word or concept

designate to choose someone or something for a special purpose

dimension a measurable extent such as length, width, or height

disclose to make information known or to reveal something that was previously hidden or unknown

document to record details about something or someone

eliminate to remove or get rid of something

entity something that exists independently, such as a company or an organism

evolve to change or develop slowly, often into a better or more complex form

finite having an end or limit; not infinite

grant to give or allow someone something, usually in an official way

insert to put something into something else

layer a level of material or substance that is above or below another

levy to impose (a tax, fee, or fine)

negate to deny or make ineffective

respond to answer or reply to something

restrain to answer or reply to something

retrieve to get or bring something back from somewhere

saturate to completely fill, soak, or cover something with a large amount of something

scheme a plan or program of action; especially a crafty or secret one

specify to state or describe in detail

warrant to justify or necessitate (a certain course of action), or a document that gives an official
instruction or right

yield to produce or provide something, like a plant producing fruit or an investment making money.
Also means to give way to arguments, demands, or pressure
Group 26

accessible easy to reach or understand

achieve to reach a goal or complete something successfully

assign to give a task or responsibility to someone

classical related to the culture of ancient Greece and Rome, or traditional and long-established in form or
style

coincide to happen at the same time or place

comprehend to understand something

convince to make someone believe or agree to something

cumulative increasing or growing by accumulation or successive additions

discreet careful in one's speech or actions in order to avoid causing offense or to gain an advantage

equilibrium a state of balance

in conjunction together with; alongside

incline to lean towards a particular opinion or action; a slope

journal an academic magazine that deals with a particular subject

label to attach a name or description to something

liberal open to new ideas and willing to discard traditional values

likewise in the same way, also

link to connect two things or ideas; a connection

monitor to watch and check something over a period of time

neutral not supporting either side in a conflict or disagreement

norms standards or rules about what behavior is acceptable in a group or society

outcome the result or effect of an action or event

overlap to extend over and cover a part of; to have elements in common

project to predict or estimate; to send something out

proportional having a size, number, or amount that is directly related to another

trace to find the origin or cause of something

transcend to go beyond the usual limits of something

undergo to experience or endure something

unique being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else

utility the state of being useful or beneficial

via by way of; through